Laminated glass, method for manufacturing the same, and vehicle

Abstract

The present application provides a laminated glass, a manufacturing method thereof and a vehicle. The laminated glass comprises a glass body and a first heating layer. The glass body comprises an outer glass plate, an adhesive layer and an inner glass plate which are arranged in a stack, the adhesive layer bonding the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate together, and the glass body has a signal transmission area for signal transmission of a sensor. The first heating layer is fixedly arranged on the adhesive layer, the first heating layer comprises a transparent heating film made of carbon nanotube material, and the orthographic projection of the transparent heating film on the glass body covers at least the signal transmission area, and the transparent heating film is used for generating heat when powered. In the laminated glass provided by the present application, the transparent heating film covering at least the signal transmission area is made of carbon nanotube material, and the appearance is transparent and invisible, which can reduce or even avoid the influence on the signal transmission rate of the sensor, and is beneficial to improve the working effect of the sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass technology, and more particularly to a laminated glass, its manufacturing method, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Intelligent driving and connectivity are the main directions for future vehicle development. Generally, optical sensors are installed on the inside side of the vehicle windows to enable intelligent driving. Furthermore, to achieve defrosting and defogging functions on the windows, visible heating wires such as silver paste, enameled wire, or tungsten wire are typically used to heat the glass, or transparent heating films such as silver-based films, indium tin oxide (ITO), or tin oxide doped with fluoride (FTO) are used. However, these heating wires can obstruct the optical sensors inside the vehicle, and transparent heating films containing metallic materials can reduce the transmittance of the sensor's optical signals, thus affecting the sensor's performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to address at least one of the problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention provides a laminated glass, a method for manufacturing the same, and a vehicle. The laminated glass includes a transparent heating film covering at least the signal transmission area. The transparent heating film is made of carbon nanotubes and is transparent and invisible, which can reduce or even avoid the impact on the signal transmittance of the sensor, thereby improving the working effect of the sensor.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a laminated glass, the laminated glass comprising:

[0005] The glass body includes an outer glass plate, an adhesive layer, and an inner glass plate stacked together. The adhesive layer bonds the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate together. The glass body has a signal transmission area for the transmission of signals from the sensor.

[0006] A first heating layer is disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. The first heating layer includes a transparent heating film made of carbon nanotube material. Along the thickness direction of the glass body, the orthogonal projection of the transparent heating film on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area, and the transparent heating film is used to generate heat when energized.

[0007] Furthermore, the laminated glass also includes a first busbar, a second busbar, and a shielding layer; the first busbar and the second busbar are disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate; the shielding layer is disposed on the surface of the outer glass plate facing the inner glass plate and / or at least one surface of the inner glass plate in the thickness direction, and at least shields the first busbar and the second busbar;

[0008] The first busbar includes a first extension, and the second busbar includes a second extension. The first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in a preset direction and are electrically connected to the transparent heating film respectively. When the first busbar and the second busbar are connected to the power supply, the transparent heating film generates heat when energized.

[0009] Furthermore, the signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction;

[0010] The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body located outside the signal transmission area, and the first extension and the second extension are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the first direction.

[0011] Wherein, the power supply voltage is low voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length a of the top edge along the second direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction;

[0014] The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body located outside the signal transmission area, and the first extension and the second extension are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction.

[0015] Wherein, the power supply voltage is high voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction;

[0017] The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body adjacent to the top edge and the area of ​​the glass body adjacent to the signal transmission area on opposite sides in the second direction, wherein the first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction.

[0018] Wherein, the distance c1 between the first end of the first extension near the top edge and the first end of the second extension near the top edge is greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the distance c2 between the second end of the first extension near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension near the bottom edge is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

[0019] Furthermore, the power supply voltage ranges from 12V to 16V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film is less than 50ops.

[0020] Furthermore, the surface resistivity of the transparent heating film is less than 30 ops.

[0021] Furthermore, the power supply voltage ranges from 36V to 48V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film is greater than 50ops.

[0022] Furthermore, the surface resistivity of the transparent heating film is greater than 100 ops.

[0023] Furthermore, the first end of the first extension away from the signal transmission area and the first boundary of the shielding layer have a first distance d1 in the second direction, and the first boundary is located on the side of the first extension away from the signal transmission area;

[0024] The second end of the first extension has a second distance d2 between the side of the signal transmission area and the second boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the second boundary is located between the first extension and the signal transmission area;

[0025] The first end of the second extension has a third distance d3 between the side of the signal transmission area away from the signal transmission area and the third boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the third boundary is located on the side of the second extension away from the signal transmission area;

[0026] The second end of the second extension has a fourth distance d4 in the second direction between the side of the signal transmission area and the fourth boundary of the shielding layer, and the fourth boundary is located between the second extension and the signal transmission area.

[0027] Wherein, at least one of the first spacing d1, the second spacing d2, the third spacing d3, and the fourth spacing d4 is equal to a preset threshold.

[0028] Furthermore, the preset threshold value range is greater than or equal to 3mm.

[0029] Furthermore, the signal transmission area has a first side and a second side in the second direction, the first side is adjacent to the first extension, the second side is adjacent to the second extension, the area between the first side and the first extension is defined as a first edge area, and the area between the second side and the second extension is defined as a second edge area.

[0030] The distance L1 between the first end of the first extension and the corresponding end of the first side is greater than the distance L2 between the second end of the first extension and the corresponding end of the first side. The transparent heating film covers the first edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film covering the first edge area is provided with a hollow pattern. And / or, the distance L3 between the first end of the second extension and the corresponding end of the second side is greater than the distance L4 between the second end of the second extension and the corresponding end of the second side. The transparent heating film covers the second edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film covering the second edge area is provided with a hollow pattern.

[0031] The hollow pattern includes multiple hollow holes, which are selected from one or a combination of at least two of the following: circular holes, elliptical holes, and polygonal holes.

[0032] Furthermore, along the second direction, the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the signal transmission area is smaller than the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film away from the signal transmission area;

[0033] Alternatively, along the first direction, the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the top edge is larger than the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the bottom edge.

[0034] Furthermore, the first extension is located on the side of the bottom edge away from the top edge, the second extension is located on the side of the top edge away from the bottom edge, and the length of the second extension along the second direction is less than the length of the first extension along the second direction;

[0035] The second busbar also includes two stepped sections, which are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the second extension in the second direction;

[0036] Each of the stepped portions includes one or more stepped segments, each stepped segment having a U-shaped structure and an extension length along the second direction less than 1 / 2 of the length of the second extension portion along the second direction, the opening end of each stepped segment facing away from the signal transmission area, the multiple stepped segments being distributed at intervals between the first extension portion and the second extension portion along the first direction and connected end to end in sequence, the opening ends of the multiple stepped segments being flush or nearly flush; along the direction of the second extension portion closer to the first extension portion, the length of the multiple stepped segments along the second direction decreases sequentially.

[0037] Furthermore, the first heating layer also includes a substrate, and the transparent heating film is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate facing the outer glass plate, or the transparent heating film is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate facing the inner glass plate.

[0038] Furthermore, the transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate by chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition.

[0039] Furthermore, the transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method.

[0040] Furthermore, the first heating layer also includes a protective film made of polymer material, which covers the surface of the transparent heating film facing away from the substrate.

[0041] Furthermore, the material of the substrate is selected from at least one of PET, PVB, PC and modified CPI, and / or the thickness of the substrate is from 10 μm to 500 μm.

[0042] Furthermore, the adhesive layer has a receiving groove, the orthographic projection of the receiving groove on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area, and the first heating layer is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove.

[0043] Furthermore, the adhesive layer includes a first sub-adhesive layer and a second sub-adhesive layer stacked on top of each other. The first sub-adhesive layer includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second sub-adhesive layer includes a third adhesive surface and a fourth adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second adhesive surface and the third adhesive surface are bonded together. The outer glass plate is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate is bonded to the fourth adhesive surface.

[0044] Wherein, the first sub-adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, or the second sub-adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface; or, the first sub-adhesive layer has a first sub-receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, and the second sub-adhesive layer has a second sub-receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface, wherein the second sub-receiving groove is directly opposite to the first sub-receiving groove and together constitutes the receiving groove.

[0045] Furthermore, the adhesive layer is a single layer, and the adhesive layer includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface that are opposite to each other. The outer glass plate is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate is bonded to the second adhesive surface.

[0046] The adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed on either the first adhesive surface or the second adhesive surface.

[0047] Furthermore, the laminated glass also includes an optical adhesive layer that bonds the bottom of the receiving groove and the surface of the first heating layer facing the bottom of the groove together.

[0048] Furthermore, the signal transmitted through the signal transmission area is an optical camera signal or a 905nm band lidar signal, and the adhesive layer is made of PVB.

[0049] Alternatively, the signal transmission area is used to transmit a 1550nm band lidar signal, and the adhesive layer is made of EVA.

[0050] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing laminated glass, the method comprising:

[0051] An adhesive layer is provided, and a receiving groove is formed in a predetermined area of ​​the adhesive layer;

[0052] A substrate is provided, and a transparent heating film of carbon nanotube material is deposited on one surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate and the transparent heating film constitute a first heating layer;

[0053] The first heating layer is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove of the adhesive layer, and the transparent heating film at least covers the signal transmission area;

[0054] An outer glass plate and an inner glass plate are provided, and the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are respectively stacked on opposite sides of the adhesive layer, and then the plates are laminated to obtain laminated glass.

[0055] Furthermore, the transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method.

[0056] Thirdly, the present invention provides a vehicle, the vehicle including a frame and laminated glass as described above, the frame being used to support the laminated glass;

[0057] The vehicle also includes sensors located inside the vehicle, which are positioned opposite to the signal transmission area.

[0058] In the laminated glass and its manufacturing method and vehicle provided by the present invention, the laminated glass includes a glass body and a first heating layer. The first heating layer includes a transparent heating film that covers at least the signal transmission area of ​​the glass body. By using carbon nanotube material to make the transparent heating film, the appearance of the first heating layer is transparent and invisible, which can reduce or even avoid the influence on the signal transmittance of the sensor, thereby improving the working effect of the sensor.

[0059] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the laminated glass provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the laminated glass shown.

[0063] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of the laminated glass shown.

[0064] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The laminated glass shown is a partial cross-sectional view in another embodiment.

[0065] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The image shows a partial enlarged view of the laminated glass in another embodiment.

[0066] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged view of the laminated glass provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged view of the laminated glass provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 8 This is a partial enlarged view of the laminated glass provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The diagram shows a laminated glass in one embodiment.

[0070] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 The diagram shows a laminated glass in another embodiment.

[0071] Figure 11 This is a partial enlarged view of the laminated glass provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0074] 100-Laminated glass; 101-Signal transmission area; 102-Light-transmitting area; 103-Light-blocking area; 10-Outer glass plate; 11-First surface; 12-Second surface; 20-Adhesive layer; 21-First sub-adhesive layer; 22-Second sub-adhesive layer; 30-Inner glass plate; 31-Third surface; 32-Fourth surface; 40-First heating layer; 41-Transparent heating film; 42-Substrate; 50-First busbar; 51-First extension; 52-First guide; 60-Second busbar; 61-Second extension; 62-Second guide; 63-Stepped portion; 71-First shielding layer; 72-Second shielding layer; 81-First lead; 82-Second lead; 90-Hollow pattern. Detailed Implementation

[0075] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0076] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order, and the term "multiple" refers to at least two, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through other elements, or a connection within two elements; it can be a communication connection or an electrical connection, wherein both communication and electrical connections include direct connections or indirect connections through other elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] Please see Figure 1 Embodiments of the present invention provide a laminated glass 100 for installation at openings in vehicles, ships, and other means of transportation, serving as a windshield, side window, or sunroof. The laminated glass 100 can be flat glass, curved glass with curvature in a single direction, or hyperboloid glass with the same or different curvatures in two directions. For example,... Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the laminated glass 100 can serve as the windshield of a vehicle, and the laminated glass 100 is in the length direction ( Figure 1 (as shown in the left and right directions) and width direction ( Figure 1 The laminated glass 100 has different curvatures in the up and down directions (as shown), and is a hyperboloid glass.

[0078] Please refer to the following for details. Figures 1 to 3 In an embodiment of the present invention, the laminated glass 100 includes an outer glass plate 10, an adhesive layer 20, and an inner glass plate 30. The adhesive layer 20 bonds the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 together to form the glass body of the laminated glass 100. In an embodiment of the present invention, the glass body has a signal transmission area 101 for the transmission of signals from a sensor. The sensor may be, but is not limited to, millimeter-wave radar, lidar, infrared camera, and visible light camera. The area of ​​the signal transmission area 101 is equal to or greater than the area of ​​the actual signal transmission region of the sensor.

[0079] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 3In an embodiment of the present invention, the laminated glass 100 further includes a first heating layer 40 disposed between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. Preferably, the first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the adhesive layer 20. The first heating layer 40 includes a transparent heating film 41 made of carbon nanotube material. Along the thickness direction of the glass body, the orthographic projection of the transparent heating film 41 on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area 101, and the transparent heating film 41 is used to generate heat when energized, so that the laminated glass 100 has a heating function at least in the signal transmission area 101, preventing fogging, frosting, or icing on the inner surface of the laminated glass 100 corresponding to the signal transmission area 101.

[0080] Existing electrically heated glass typically uses visible heating wires such as silver paste, enameled wire, or tungsten wire to heat the signal transmission area, or uses transparent heating films such as silver-based films, indium tin oxide (ITO), or tin oxide doped with fluoride (FTO) to heat the signal transmission area, which can reduce the sensor's signal transmittance. In contrast, in the embodiments of the present invention, the transparent heating film 41 used to heat the signal transmission area 101 is made of carbon nanotube material. Because the carbon nanotube material has excellent mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and optical properties, the transparent heating film 41 can not only heat the signal transmission area 101, but also make the transparent heating film 41 invisible, improving the aesthetics of the laminated glass 100. Moreover, it can reduce or even avoid the impact on the sensor's signal transmittance, which is beneficial to improving the sensor's working effect.

[0081] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the laminated glass 100 further includes a busbar and a shielding layer fixedly disposed between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. The busbar is used to connect the power supply and the transparent heating film 41 to provide heating current to the transparent heating film 41 through the power supply. The shielding layer is used to shield the busbar and a portion (e.g., the edge area) of the laminated glass 100, thereby improving the aesthetics of the laminated glass 100 and protecting the sensor components, as will be described later.

[0082] The following will combine Figures 1 to 11 Taking the laminated glass 100 as an example of a vehicle's windshield, the structure of the laminated glass 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention will be further described.

[0083] like Figure 3As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the outer glass panel 10 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 facing away from each other, and the inner glass panel 30 has a third surface 31 and a fourth surface 32 facing away from each other. The second surface 12 and the third surface 31 are disposed opposite to each other, and the adhesive layer 20 is connected between the second surface 12 and the third surface 31. When the laminated glass 100 is installed on a vehicle, the outer glass panel 10 is located on the outside of the vehicle, and the first surface 11 is the outer surface of the laminated glass 100 exposed outside the vehicle; the inner glass panel 30 is located on the inside of the vehicle, and the fourth surface 32 is the inner surface of the laminated glass 100 exposed inside the vehicle. Both the outer glass panel 10 and the inner glass panel 30 are hyperboloid glass.

[0084] Specifically, the outer glass panel 10 undergoes a high-temperature bending process at at least 500°C. The thickness of the outer glass panel 10 can be from 1.6mm to 5.0mm, for example, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.1mm, 2.6mm, 3.2mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, 5.0mm, etc. Furthermore, the outer glass panel 10 can be any one of the following: transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of 85%–93%, ordinary green glass with a visible light transmittance of 73%–88%, solar green glass with a visible light transmittance of 70%–85.5%, light gray glass or dark green glass with a visible light transmittance of 25%–50%, etc. In some embodiments of the present invention, when vehicle sensors such as cameras and lidar are provided on the laminated glass 100, the thickness of the outer glass plate 10 is preferably selected as 1.8mm or 2.1mm, and the material of the outer glass plate 10 is selected as transparent glass, ordinary green glass or solar green glass, with solar green glass having light-absorbing function being preferred.

[0085] Similar to the outer glass panel 10, the inner glass panel 30 undergoes a high-temperature bending process at at least 500°C. The thickness of the inner glass panel 30 can be from 1.6mm to 5.0mm, for example, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.1mm, 2.6mm, 3.2mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, 5.0mm, etc. Furthermore, the inner glass panel 30 can be any of the following: transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of 85%–93%, ordinary green glass with a visible light transmittance of 73%–88%, solar green glass with a visible light transmittance of 70%–85.5%, light gray glass or dark green glass with a visible light transmittance of 25%–50%, etc., or colored glass. In some embodiments of the present invention, when vehicle sensors such as cameras and lidar are provided on the laminated glass 100, the thickness of the inner glass plate 30 is preferably selected as 1.8mm or 2.1mm, and the material of the inner glass plate 30 is selected as transparent glass, ordinary green glass or solar green glass, with transparent glass being preferred.

[0086] The adhesive layer 20 can also be referred to as a thermoplastic interlayer. The material of the adhesive layer 20 can be, but is not limited to, polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), ionomer film (SGP), etc. It should be noted that, in some embodiments of the present invention, when the signal transmission area 101 (see...) Figure 2 The signal transmitted through the signal transmission area 101 is an optical camera signal or a 905nm band lidar signal, and the material of the adhesive layer 20 is preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB); in other embodiments of the present invention, the signal transmitted through the signal transmission area 101 is a 1550nm band lidar signal, and the material of the adhesive layer 20 is preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).

[0087] Of course, the adhesive layer 20 can also be selectively colored. For example, at least one colored area can be provided on the top of the laminated glass 100 to serve as a shadow strip, thereby reducing the interference of sunlight on the human eye. Alternatively, a colored area can be provided on the bottom of the laminated glass 100 to provide a shielding effect. It can also be composed of two or three layers of thermoplastic polymer film spliced ​​together, with the bottom or top of the laminated glass 100 colored and the visible area in the middle transparent. When the adhesive layer 20 is a transparent thermoplastic adhesive layer, the visible light transmittance of the transparent thermoplastic adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 80%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 20 can be, but is not limited to, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95%. When the adhesive layer 20 is a colored thermoplastic intermediate layer, the visible light transmittance of the colored thermoplastic intermediate layer is greater than 70%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 20 can be, but is not limited to, 75%, 80%, 85%, or 90%. Furthermore, the adhesive layer 20 may also contain an infrared absorber to provide heat and light absorption. The adhesive layer 20 may also comprise at least two layers, one of which has a higher plasticizer content to provide sound insulation.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present invention, the outer glass plate 10, the adhesive layer 20, and the inner glass plate 30 are processed by the high-pressure lamination process of automotive glass to form the glass body of the laminated glass 100. The laminated glass 100 can meet the usage requirements of Chinese standards and automotive glass standards in Europe, the United States, and other countries.

[0089] Please refer to it again. Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present invention, the first heating layer 40 further includes a substrate 42, and the transparent heating film 41 is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate 42 facing the inner glass plate 30. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the transparent heating film 41 may also be fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate 42 facing the outer glass plate 10. It is understood that using the substrate 42 to support the transparent heating film 41 can prevent the transparent heating film 41 from curling during the high-pressure lamination process of the laminated glass 100.

[0090] Optionally, the transparent heating film 41 can be directly deposited on the surface of the substrate 42 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD), preferably by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD).

[0091] Alternatively, the material used to make the substrate 42 may be selected from at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), vinyl butyral (PVB), polycarbonate (PC), and modified transparent polyimide (CPI), with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material having good mechanical properties, high transparency, and good gloss being preferred, and / or the thickness of the substrate 42 is from 10 μm to 500 μm, with 50 μm or 100 μm being preferred.

[0092] Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first heating layer 40 further includes a protective film (not shown in the figure) made of polymer material, which covers the surface of the transparent heating film 41 facing away from the substrate 42 to protect the transparent heating film 41 from external environmental pollution.

[0093] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 4 In an embodiment of the present invention, the first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the adhesive layer 20. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the adhesive layer 20 has a receiving groove (not labeled in the figure), and the orthographic projection of the receiving groove on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area 101 (see Figure 101). Figure 2 The first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove. It can be understood that by directly bonding and fixing the first heating layer 40 into the receiving groove of the adhesive layer 20, not only is the fixing operation of the first heating layer 40 simple and quick, but it is also not necessary to fill the entire gap between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 with the first heating layer 40, which can reduce the thickness of the first heating layer 40 and thus reduce costs.

[0094] Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive layer 20 may have receiving holes extending through its opposite sides along the thickness direction, and the first heating layer 40 is filled in the receiving holes.

[0095] Optionally, such as Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive layer 20 includes a first sub-adhesive layer 21 and a second sub-adhesive layer 22 stacked on top of each other. The first sub-adhesive layer 21 includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface facing away from each other, and the second sub-adhesive layer 22 includes a third adhesive surface and a fourth adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second adhesive surface and the third adhesive surface are bonded together. The outer glass plate 10 is bonded to the first adhesive surface of the first sub-adhesive layer 21, and the inner glass plate 30 is bonded to the fourth adhesive surface of the second sub-adhesive layer 22, thereby bonding the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 together through the double-layer adhesive layer 20. The first heating layer 40 is fixed by the double-layer adhesive layer, increasing the adhesion force to the first heating layer 40 and improving the bonding stability between the first heating layer 40 and the adhesive layer 20. This helps to improve the structural stability of the laminated glass 100 and can prevent the first heating layer 40 from wrinkling during high-pressure lamination.

[0096] exist Figure 3 In the example, the second sub-adhesive layer 22 has the receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface, and the first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the second sub-adhesive layer 22.

[0097] Optionally, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first sub-adhesive layer 21 may have the receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, and the first heating layer 40 may be fixedly disposed in the first sub-adhesive layer 21; or, the first sub-adhesive layer 21 may have a first sub-receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, and the second sub-adhesive layer 22 may have a second sub-receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface, the second sub-receiving groove being directly opposite to the first sub-receiving groove and together constituting the receiving groove; a portion of the first heating layer 40 may be fixedly disposed in the first sub-adhesive layer 21, and another portion of the first heating layer 40 may be fixedly disposed in the second sub-adhesive layer 22.

[0098] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive layer 20 can be a single layer, comprising a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface facing away from each other. The outer glass plate 10 is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate 30 is bonded to the second adhesive surface, thereby bonding the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 together through the single-layer adhesive layer 20. The adhesive layer 20 may have a receiving groove formed from either the first or second adhesive surface for accommodating the first heating layer 40. It is easy to understand that fixing the first heating layer 40 through the single-layer adhesive layer 20 helps reduce the thickness of the adhesive layer 20.

[0099] Preferred, in Figure 3 or Figure 4 In the example, the laminated glass 100 may further include an optical adhesive layer for bonding the bottom of the receiving groove and the surface of the first heating layer 40 facing the bottom of the groove together, which can further improve the bonding stability between the first heating layer 40 and the adhesive layer 20.

[0100] Please refer to it again. Figures 1 to 3 In an embodiment of the present invention, the laminated glass 100 further includes a shielding layer, a first busbar 50, and a second busbar 60. The first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are fixedly disposed between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. The shielding layer is disposed on the second surface 12 of the outer glass plate 10 facing the inner glass plate 30 and / or at least one surface of the inner glass plate 30 in the thickness direction (i.e., the third surface 31 and / or the fourth surface 32). The orthographic projection of the shielding layer on the glass body at least covers the orthographic projection of the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 on the glass body. In other words, the shielding layer at least shields the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60.

[0101] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first busbar 50 includes a first extension 51, and the second busbar 60 includes a second extension 61. The first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in a predetermined direction and are both electrically connected to the transparent heating film 41. Thus, when the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are connected to a power supply (not shown in the figure), the heating current provided by the power supply can flow through the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 through the transparent heating film 41. The transparent heating film 41 heats up under the action of the heating current, thereby enabling the laminated glass 100 to have defrosting, defogging, and de-icing functions, at least in the signal transmission area 101. Both the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 can be metal foil, conductive silver paste, etc.

[0102] Among them, such as Figure 3As shown, the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are both fixedly disposed in the adhesive layer 20 and located on the side of the transparent heating film 41 facing away from the substrate 42. It should be noted that after the transparent heating film 41 is deposited on the surface of the substrate 42, the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 can be disposed on the side of the transparent heating film 41 facing away from the substrate 42 by means of printing, spraying, sputtering, or bonding, and can be cut accordingly according to the specific busbar design scheme. This operation not only ensures that the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 have good conductivity, but also helps to reduce costs and improve the flexibility of busbar design.

[0103] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the shielding layer consists of a first shielding layer 71 and a second shielding layer 72. The first shielding layer 71 is used to shield at least a portion of the peripheral area of ​​the signal transmission area 101, thereby shielding the first extension 51 and the second extension 61. The second shielding layer 72 is used to shield the periphery of the laminated glass 100, thus dividing the laminated glass 100 into a light-transmitting area 102 and a light-transmitting area 103. The light-transmitting area 102 is located in the central area of ​​the laminated glass 100, and the light-transmitting area 103 is located around the periphery of the laminated glass 100. The light-transmitting area 102 has a high visible light transmittance that meets safety standards, for example, greater than or equal to 70%. The visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area 103 can be set according to actual applications, for example, less than or equal to 5%, preferably less than or equal to 1.5%. Understandably, the shielding layer can shield and protect the interior components, thereby ensuring the overall aesthetics from the outside. At the same time, it can prevent the interior components from being damaged by direct sunlight, thus improving their service life. In addition, the shielding layer can also improve the local adhesion of the laminated glass 100.

[0104] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the shielding layers (first shielding layer 71 and second shielding layer 72) are disposed on the second surface 12 of the outer glass plate 10. In other embodiments of the present invention, the shielding layers may also be disposed on the third surface 31 or the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass plate 30, or may be disposed on at least two of the second surface 12, the third surface 31 and the fourth surface 32 simultaneously, without limitation.

[0105] Optionally, the material of the masking layer can be ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink, and the masking layer is formed by screen printing, inkjet printing or other processes using ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink. The color of the masking layer is preferably black, brown or tan. Alternatively, the material of the masking layer can be a body-colored thermoplastic interlayer, and the material of the thermoplastic interlayer is polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyurethane (PU) or ionomer film (SGP), etc., preferably PET or PVB. The color of the thermoplastic interlayer is preferably black, brown or tan. The material of the shielding layer can also be a dimming element, which can be a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC), a suspended particle film (SPD), an electrochromic film (EC), a dye liquid crystal film (LC), etc. The visible light transmittance of the dimming element can be adjusted between 0% and 20%, between 0.5% and 50%, or between 0% and 70%, etc., so as to meet the visible light transmittance requirements in multiple scenarios.

[0106] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the layout of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 can have different design schemes, depending on the shape of the signal transmission area 101 and the power supply voltage of the power supply.

[0107] Please refer to the following for details. Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 5 In some embodiments of the present invention, the signal transmission area 101 is generally trapezoidal in shape, and includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction. The bottom edge is located on the side of the top edge near the central region of the glass body. The length 'a' of the top edge along a second direction is less than the length 'b' of the bottom edge along the second direction. The first direction is the width direction of the laminated glass 100. Figure 1 The second direction is the length direction of the laminated glass 100 (as shown in the vertical direction). Figure 1 (as shown in the left and right directions), the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The shielding layer (see...) Figure 3 It is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body located around the signal transmission area 101, that is, the non-transparent area 103 surrounds the signal transmission area 101 (see...). Figure 1 The first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are disposed in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the first direction.

[0108] Theoretically, when the length *a* of the top edge along the second direction, the length *b* of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the length of the circuit through which the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 achieve electrical conduction (i.e., the distance *c* between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61) are equal (i.e., *a* = *b* = *c*), the heating area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 corresponding to the signal transmission area 101 can achieve optimal heating. However, in practical applications, the signal transmission area 101 is roughly trapezoidal, the length *a* of the top edge along the second direction is less than the length *b* of the bottom edge along the second direction, and considering factors such as the heat absorption effect of the shielding layer, the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101 is affected.

[0109] To improve the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101, in Figure 2 and Figure 5 In the example, when the power supply voltage of the power supply connected to the first bus 50 and the second bus 60 is low, the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is set to be less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. This design can increase the overall power density of the heating area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 corresponding to the signal transmission area 101 when the power supply voltage is low, thereby enabling the signal transmission area 101 to achieve a better heating state.

[0110] Optionally, the power supply voltage ranges from 12V to 16V, and the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is less than 50 ops. By limiting the low voltage range of the power supply voltage and the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41, a better power density can be ensured for the heating area corresponding to the signal transmission area 101, thereby achieving a better heating effect on the signal transmission area 101. Preferably, the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is less than 30 ops to further improve the heating effect of the heating area.

[0111] Optionally, in Figure 2 and Figure 5In the example, the length a of the top edge along the second direction can be less than the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61, i.e., a < c < b. The length a of the top edge along the second direction can also be greater than the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61, i.e., c < a < b. It is preferable to choose that the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is less than the length a of the top edge along the second direction. This design can minimize the loop between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61, which is more conducive to improving the overall power density of the heating area corresponding to the signal transmission area 101.

[0112] Please see Figure 6 In other embodiments of the present invention, the arrangement of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is the same as... Figure 2 and Figure 5 The arrangement in the example differs from that in that the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are arranged in parallel at intervals on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction. Figure 6 In the example, when the power supply voltage is high, the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is set to be greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, that is, a < b < c. In this way, the loop between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 can be longer, which can avoid the problem of local hot spots when the power supply voltage is high, and also helps to improve the heating uniformity of the heating area.

[0113] Optionally, the power supply voltage ranges from 36V to 48V, and the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is greater than 50 ops. By limiting the high voltage range of the power supply voltage and the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41, local hot spots can be avoided in the heating area corresponding to the signal transmission area 101, thereby improving the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101. Preferably, the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is greater than 100 ops, which can further improve the heating uniformity of the heating area.

[0114] Please see Figure 7 In some other embodiments of the present invention, the arrangement of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is the same as... Figure 2 and Figure 5The example setup differs in that the shielding layer also shields the area of ​​the glass body adjacent to the top edge and the areas of the glass body adjacent to the signal transmission area on opposite sides in the second direction. That is, the area of ​​the glass body adjacent to the bottom edge is exposed by the shielding layer. To ensure that the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are not visible, the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are only spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction. Figure 7 In the example, in order to improve the overall power density of the heating area corresponding to the signal transmission area 101, the distance c1 between the first end of the first extension 51 near the top edge and the first end of the second extension 61 near the top edge is set to be greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. The distance c2 between the second end of the first extension 51 near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension 61 near the bottom edge is set to be greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, i.e., a < c1 < b < c2. This design makes c1 and c2 as close as possible, which means that the lengths of the two circuits at opposite ends of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 that are electrically connected through the transparent heating film 41 are as equal as possible. This helps to improve the overall power density of the heating area and ensures that the heating area has a better heating state.

[0115] Among them, Figure 7 In the example, the power supply voltage can be low voltage, preferably ranging from 12V to 16V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is less than 50ops, preferably less than 30ops; the power supply voltage can also be high voltage, preferably ranging from 36V to 48V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is greater than 50ops, preferably greater than 100ops.

[0116] Please refer to it again. Figure 7In some other embodiments of the present invention, the first end of the first extension 51, away from the signal transmission area 101, has a first distance d1 with the first boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, the first boundary being located on the side of the first extension 51 away from the signal transmission area 101; the second end of the first extension 51, near the signal transmission area 101, has a second distance d2 with the second boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, the second boundary being located between the first extension 51 and the signal transmission area 101; the first end of the second extension 61, away from the signal transmission area 101, has a third distance d3 with the third boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and so on. The third boundary is located on the side of the second extension 61 away from the signal transmission area 101; the second end of the second extension 61, near the side of the signal transmission area 101, has a fourth distance d4 with the fourth boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the fourth boundary is located between the second extension 61 and the signal transmission area 101; wherein, at least one of the first distance d1, the second distance d2, the third distance d3, and the fourth distance d4 is equal to a preset threshold, preferably d1, d2, d3, and d4 are all equal to the preset threshold. By limiting the value of at least one distance, the length difference between c1 and c2 can be reduced, thereby improving the uniformity of the power density of the heating area. The preset threshold is related to the positional tolerances of the shielding layer, the first extension 51, and the second extension 61. For example, the positional tolerance of the shielding layer is ±1mm, the positional tolerance of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is ±2mm, and the value range of the preset threshold is set to be greater than or equal to 3mm, preferably 3mm.

[0117] It should be noted that, as Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first busbar 50 further includes a first guide portion 52, one end of which is connected to the first extension portion 51, and the other end of which extends to the side of the laminated glass 100 near the top edge to connect to the power supply; the second busbar 60 further includes a second guide portion 62, one end of which is connected to the second extension portion 61, and the other end of which extends to the side of the laminated glass 100 near the top edge to connect to the power supply. That is, the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 can be directly connected to the power supply, and different parts of each busbar can be integrally formed on the surface of the transparent heating film 41 facing away from the substrate 42, making the manufacturing of the busbars simple. The shape of the guide portion of each busbar can be cut according to actual needs and is not limited thereto.

[0118] Of course, such as Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the laminated glass 100 further includes a first lead 81 and a second lead 82. One end of the first lead 81 is connected to the first extension 51, and the other end of the first lead 81 extends to the side of the laminated glass 100 near the top edge to connect to the power supply. One end of the second lead 82 is connected to the second extension 61, and the other end of the second lead 82 extends to the side of the laminated glass 100 near the top edge to connect to the power supply. That is, the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 can also be connected to the power supply via corresponding leads, and the shape of each lead can be cut according to actual needs, without limitation. Figure 5 In the example, the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the first direction, which helps to reduce the loop length between them, thereby increasing the heating power of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101; and by connecting a first lead 81 to the opposite ends of the first extension 51 to connect to the power supply, and connecting a second lead 82 to the middle region of the second extension 61 to connect to the power supply, so that the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are symmetrically distributed, the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101 can be improved.

[0119] Preferably, please combine Figures 7 to 10In some embodiments of the present invention, when the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are spaced apart and disposed on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction, and the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are not parallel, that is, when the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 adopt... Figure 7 When arranged as shown, the transparent heating film 41 (not shown in the figure) can be provided with a hollow pattern 90 on any side of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction to improve the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101.

[0120] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the signal transmission area 101 has a first side (i.e., the left side) and a second side (i.e., the right side) in the second direction. The first side is adjacent to the first extension 51, and the second side is adjacent to the second extension 61. The area between the first side and the first extension 51 is defined as the first edge area, and the area between the second side and the second extension 61 is defined as the second edge area. Wherein, the distance L1 between the first end of the first extension 51 (the end near the top edge of the signal transmission area 101) and the corresponding end of the first side is greater than the distance L2 between the second end of the first extension 51 (the end near the bottom edge of the signal transmission area 101) and the corresponding end of the first side, the transparent heating film 41 covers the first edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering the first edge area is provided with the hollow pattern 90, and / or, the distance L3 between the first end of the second extension 61 (the end near the top edge of the signal transmission area 101) and the corresponding end of the second side is greater than the distance L4 between the second end of the second extension 61 (the end near the bottom edge of the signal transmission area 101) and the corresponding end of the second side, the transparent heating film 41 covers the second edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering the second edge area is provided with the hollow pattern 90. The hollow pattern 90 includes multiple hollow holes, which are selected from one or a combination of at least two of the following: circular holes, elliptical holes, and polygonal holes. No limitation is imposed on the selection.

[0121] Understandably, in Figure 8 In the example, since the loop length between the first end of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 in the first direction is less than the loop length between the second end of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 in the first direction (i.e. Figure 7As shown, C1 is less than C2, which makes the power of the portion of the transparent heating film 41 near the top edge greater. This causes the heating temperature rise of the top region of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41 to be greater than that of the bottom region of the signal transmission area 101. By providing the hollow pattern 90 on the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering at least one of the edge regions, it can not only compensate for the difference in heating temperature rise caused by the difference in loop length between the opposite ends of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 in the first direction, thereby improving the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41, but also reduce the material consumption of the transparent heating film 41 and reduce costs.

[0122] Optionally, such as Figure 9 As shown, in one embodiment, along the second direction, the perforated area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 near the signal transmission area 101 is smaller than the perforated area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 away from the signal transmission area 101. That is, the perforated area of ​​the perforated pattern 90 is smaller the closer it is to the signal transmission area 101, and conversely, the perforated area of ​​the perforated pattern 90 is larger the further it is from the signal transmission area 101. Alternatively, as... Figure 10 As shown, in another embodiment, along the first direction, the perforated area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 near the top edge is larger than the perforated area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 near the bottom edge. That is, the perforated area of ​​the perforated pattern 90 is smaller closer to the bottom edge, and larger closer to the top edge. In any of the foregoing embodiments, the perforated pattern 90 adopts a gradient pattern, which can further improve the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101.

[0123] Please see Figure 11 In some embodiments of the present invention, the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are arranged in parallel at intervals on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the first direction. The first extension 51 is located on the side of the bottom edge away from the top edge, and the second extension 61 is located on the side of the top edge away from the bottom edge. The length of the second extension 61 along the second direction is less than the length of the first extension 51 along the second direction. The second busbar 60 further includes two stepped portions 63, which are respectively connected to opposite ends of the second extension 61 in the second direction to improve the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41.

[0124] Specifically, such as Figure 11As shown, each of the stepped portions 63 includes multiple stepped segments. Each stepped segment has a U-shaped structure and its extension length along the second direction is less than 1 / 2 of the length of the second extension portion 61 along the second direction. The opening end of each stepped segment faces away from the signal transmission area 101. The multiple stepped segments are distributed at intervals between the first extension portion 51 and the second extension portion 61 along the first direction and are connected end to end in sequence. The opening ends of the multiple stepped segments are flush or nearly flush, so that the stepped portion 63 has an overall bow-shaped structure. In particular, along the direction of the second extension portion 61 close to the first extension portion 51, the length of the multiple stepped segments along the second direction decreases sequentially.

[0125] Understandably, in Figure 11 In the example, because the length of the second extension 61 along the second direction is less than the length of the first extension 51 along the second direction, the loop length between the end of the first extension 51 and the end of the second extension 61 is greater than the loop length between the middle of the first extension 51 and the middle of the second extension 61. Consequently, the heating power of the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering the middle region of the signal transmission area 101 is greater than the heating power of the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering the two ends of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction. This results in the heating temperature rise of the transparent heating film 41 on the middle region of the signal transmission area 101 being greater than the heating temperature rise on the two ends of the signal transmission area 101. By connecting a stepped portion 63 to each of the opposite ends of the second extension 61, and... The lengths of the multiple stepped segments 63 along the second direction are set to decrease sequentially, such that although the loop length between the first extension 51 and the multiple stepped segments decreases sequentially, the difference between the loop length between any stepped segment and the first extension 51 and the loop length between the middle of the first extension 51 and the middle of the second extension 61 is less than the difference between the loop length between the ends of the first extension 51 and the ends of the second extension 61 and the loop length between the middle of the first extension 51 and the middle of the second extension 61. This is equivalent to optimizing the loop length between any stepped segment and the first extension 51 to be close to the loop length between the middle of the first extension 51 and the middle of the second extension 61, which is beneficial for improving the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41. Preferably, in Figure 11 In the example, the two stepped portions 63 are distributed about the perpendicular line of the second extension 61, which helps to further improve the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101.

[0126] Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, each of the stepped portions 63 may also include only one stepped segment, and this is not limited.

[0127] It should also be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the first heating layer 40, the orthogonal projection of the transparent heating film 41 on the glass body preferably only covers the signal transmission area 101, that is, the transparent heating film 41 is only used to heat the signal transmission area 101 and its surrounding area. In order to achieve heating of other areas of the laminated glass 100 besides the signal transmission area 101, the laminated glass 100 further includes a second heating layer disposed between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. The second heating layer is made of a transparent heating film or an electric heating wire. The second heating layer can adopt the heating layer in existing laminated glass, which will not be described in detail.

[0128] Table 1 below shows the experimental comparison results between Comparative Examples 1-3 and Examples 1-5. Comparative Examples 1-3 used laminated glass with existing metal conductive heating film, while Examples 1-5 used laminated glass with transparent heating film made of carbon nanotube material.

[0129] Table 1: Comparison results of experiments between Comparative Examples 1-3 and Examples 1-5

[0130]

[0131] As shown in Table 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, under the premise of roughly the same power density, although the sheet resistance of the laminated glass in Examples 1-5 is higher than that in the comparative examples, the laminated glass in Examples 1-5 has higher transmittance and less signal shielding. This means that the laminated glass 100 provided in the embodiments of the present invention can not only heat the signal transmission area 101 through the transparent heating film 41, but also has a transparent and invisible appearance, which can reduce or even avoid the influence on the sensor signal, thus helping to ensure the normal operation of the sensor.

[0132] Please see Figure 12 The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing laminated glass 100, the method comprising steps S1 to S4. The following is in conjunction with… Figure 3 ,right Figure 12 The steps of the manufacturing method shown are described.

[0133] Step S1: Provide an adhesive layer 20, and open a receiving groove in a preset area of ​​the adhesive layer 20;

[0134] Step S2: Provide a substrate 42, and deposit a transparent heating film 41 of carbon nanotube material on one of the surfaces of the substrate 42. The substrate 42 and the transparent heating film 41 constitute a first heating layer 40. The transparent heating film 41 can be deposited on one of the surfaces of the substrate 42 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD), preferably by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) directly deposited on the surface of the substrate 42.

[0135] Step S3: The first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove of the adhesive layer 20, and the transparent heating film 41 at least covers the signal transmission area 101;

[0136] Step S4: Provide an outer glass plate 10 and an inner glass plate 30, and stack the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 on opposite sides of the adhesive layer 20 respectively, and then perform a lamination process to obtain laminated glass 100.

[0137] In the laminated glass 100 manufactured by the manufacturing method provided in this embodiment of the invention, the transparent heating film 41 used to heat the signal transmission area 101 is made of carbon nanotube material. Since the carbon nanotube material has excellent mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and optical properties, the transparent heating film 41 can not only heat the signal transmission area 101, but also make the transparent heating film 41 transparent and invisible, which improves the aesthetics of the laminated glass 100. Moreover, it can reduce or even avoid the influence on the signal transmittance of the sensor, which is beneficial to improving the working effect of the sensor.

[0138] It is easy to understand that the laminated glass 100 may have other structures and features of the laminated glass 100 in any of the above embodiments. For more detailed information, please refer to the foregoing related descriptions, which will not be repeated here.

[0139] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide a vehicle, including a frame and laminated glass 100. The frame is used to support the laminated glass 100, so that the laminated glass 100 serves as the vehicle's windshield, rear windshield, or side window, etc. The frame refers to a frame used to support and connect the various assemblies of the vehicle, maintaining the assemblies in a relatively correct position and bearing various loads inside and outside the vehicle. The laminated glass 100 can be any of the laminated glass 100 described in the foregoing embodiments, thus possessing at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments. More specific descriptions can be found in the relevant content of the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0140] It is understood that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the vehicle may be, but is not limited to, a sedan, a multi-purpose vehicle, a sports multi-purpose vehicle, an off-road vehicle, a pickup truck, a van, a bus, a truck, etc.

[0141] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0142] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "embodiment," "specific embodiment," and "example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0143] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laminated glass, characterized in that, The laminated glass comprises: The glass body includes an outer glass plate, an adhesive layer, and an inner glass plate stacked together. The adhesive layer bonds the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate together. The glass body has a signal transmission area for the transmission of signals from the sensor. A first heating layer is disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. The first heating layer includes a transparent heating film made of carbon nanotube material. Along the thickness direction of the glass body, the orthogonal projection of the transparent heating film on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area. The laminated glass also includes a first busbar and a second busbar, which are disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. When the first busbar and the second busbar are connected to the power supply, the transparent heating film generates heat. The signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; the first busbar includes a first extension, and the second busbar includes a second extension; Wherein, the first extension and the second extension are parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the first direction, the power supply voltage is low voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction; or, the first extension and the second extension are parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction, the power supply voltage is high voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction; or, the first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction, the distance c1 between the first end of the first extension near the top edge and the first end of the second extension near the top edge is greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the distance c2 between the second end of the first extension near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension near the bottom edge is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

2. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laminated glass further includes a shielding layer disposed on the surface of the outer glass plate facing the inner glass plate and / or at least one surface of the inner glass plate in the thickness direction, and at least shields the first busbar and the second busbar.

3. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first extension and the second extension are disposed parallel to each other on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the first direction, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length a of the top edge along the second direction.

4. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply voltage is low voltage, and the power supply voltage ranges from 12V to 16V. The surface resistance of the transparent heating film is less than 50ops.

5. The laminated glass as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The surface resistivity of the transparent heating film is less than 30 ops.

6. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply voltage is high voltage, and the power supply voltage ranges from 36V to 48V. The surface resistance of the transparent heating film is greater than 50ops.

7. The laminated glass as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sheet resistance of the transparent heating film is greater than 100 ops.

8. The laminated glass as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction. The distance c1 between the first end of the first extension near the top edge and the first end of the second extension near the top edge is greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. The distance c2 between the second end of the first extension near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension near the bottom edge is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. The first end of the first extension has a first distance d1 between the side of the first extension away from the signal transmission area and the first boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the first boundary is located on the side of the first extension away from the signal transmission area; The second end of the first extension has a second distance d2 between the side of the signal transmission area and the second boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the second boundary is located between the first extension and the signal transmission area; The first end of the second extension has a third distance d3 between the side of the signal transmission area away from the signal transmission area and the third boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the third boundary is located on the side of the second extension away from the signal transmission area; The second end of the second extension has a fourth distance d4 in the second direction between the side of the signal transmission area and the fourth boundary of the shielding layer, and the fourth boundary is located between the second extension and the signal transmission area. Wherein, at least one of the first spacing d1, the second spacing d2, the third spacing d3, and the fourth spacing d4 is equal to a preset threshold.

9. The laminated glass as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The preset threshold value range is greater than or equal to 3mm.

10. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, 8, or 9, characterized in that, The first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction. The distance c1 between the first end of the first extension near the top edge and the first end of the second extension near the top edge is greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. The distance c2 between the second end of the first extension near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension near the bottom edge is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. The signal transmission area has a first side and a second side in the second direction. The first side is adjacent to the first extension, and the second side is adjacent to the second extension. The area between the first side and the first extension is defined as a first edge area, and the area between the second side and the second extension is defined as a second edge area. The distance L1 between the first end of the first extension and the corresponding end of the first side is greater than the distance L2 between the second end of the first extension and the corresponding end of the first side. The transparent heating film covers the first edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film covering the first edge area is provided with a hollow pattern. And / or, the distance L3 between the first end of the second extension and the corresponding end of the second side is greater than the distance L4 between the second end of the second extension and the corresponding end of the second side. The transparent heating film covers the second edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film covering the second edge area is provided with a hollow pattern. The hollow pattern includes multiple hollow holes, which are selected from one or a combination of at least two of the following: circular holes, elliptical holes, and polygonal holes.

11. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the cutout area of ​​the transparent heating film near the signal transmission area is smaller than the cutout area of ​​the transparent heating film away from the signal transmission area; Alternatively, along the first direction, the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the top edge is larger than the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the bottom edge.

12. The laminated glass as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The first extension and the second extension are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the first direction. The power supply voltage is low voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. The first extension is located on the side of the bottom edge away from the top edge, the second extension is located on the side of the top edge away from the bottom edge, and the length of the second extension along the second direction is less than the length of the first extension along the second direction; The second busbar also includes two stepped sections, which are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the second extension in the second direction; Each of the stepped portions includes one or more stepped segments, each stepped segment having a U-shaped structure and an extension length along the second direction less than 1 / 2 of the length of the second extension portion along the second direction, the opening end of each stepped segment facing away from the signal transmission area, the multiple stepped segments being distributed at intervals between the first extension portion and the second extension portion along the first direction and connected end to end in sequence, the opening ends of the multiple stepped segments being flush or nearly flush; along the direction of the second extension portion closer to the first extension portion, the length of the multiple stepped segments along the second direction decreases sequentially.

13. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first heating layer further includes a substrate, and the transparent heating film is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate facing the outer glass plate, or the transparent heating film is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate facing the inner glass plate.

14. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, The transparent heating film is deposited directly on the surface of the substrate by chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition.

15. The laminated glass as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method.

16. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, The first heating layer further includes a protective film made of polymer material, which covers the surface of the transparent heating film opposite to the substrate.

17. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, The material of the substrate is selected from at least one of PET, PVB, PC and modified CPI, and / or the thickness of the substrate is from 10 μm to 500 μm.

18. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that, The adhesive layer has a receiving groove, and the orthographic projection of the receiving groove on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area. The first heating layer is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove.

19. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that, The adhesive layer includes a first sub-adhesive layer and a second sub-adhesive layer stacked on top of each other. The first sub-adhesive layer includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second sub-adhesive layer includes a third adhesive surface and a fourth adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second adhesive surface and the third adhesive surface are bonded together. The outer glass plate is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate is bonded to the fourth adhesive surface. Wherein, the first sub-adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, or the second sub-adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface; or, the first sub-adhesive layer has a first sub-receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, and the second sub-adhesive layer has a second sub-receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface, wherein the second sub-receiving groove is directly opposite to the first sub-receiving groove and together constitutes the receiving groove.

20. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that, The adhesive layer is a single layer, which includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface that are opposite to each other. The outer glass plate is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate is bonded to the second adhesive surface. The adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed on either the first adhesive surface or the second adhesive surface.

21. The laminated glass as described in claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The laminated glass also includes an optical adhesive layer that bonds the bottom of the receiving groove and the surface of the first heating layer facing the bottom of the groove together.

22. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal transmission area is used to transmit signals from optical cameras or 905nm band lidar signals, and the adhesive layer is made of PVB. Alternatively, the signal transmission area is used to transmit a 1550nm band lidar signal, and the adhesive layer is made of EVA.

23. A method for manufacturing laminated glass, characterized in that, The manufacturing method includes: An adhesive layer is provided, and a receiving groove is formed in a predetermined area of ​​the adhesive layer; A substrate is provided, and a transparent heating film of carbon nanotube material is deposited on one surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate and the transparent heating film constitute a first heating layer; The first heating layer is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove of the adhesive layer, and the transparent heating film at least covers the signal transmission area; An outer glass plate and an inner glass plate are provided, and the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are respectively stacked on opposite sides of the adhesive layer, and then the lamination process is performed to obtain laminated glass. The laminated glass also includes a first busbar and a second busbar, which are disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. When the first busbar and the second busbar are connected to the power supply, the transparent heating film generates heat. The signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; the first busbar includes a first extension, and the second busbar includes a second extension; Wherein, the first extension and the second extension are parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the first direction, the power supply voltage is low voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction; or, the first extension and the second extension are parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction, the power supply voltage is high voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction; or, the first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction, the distance c1 between the first end of the first extension near the top edge and the first end of the second extension near the top edge is greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the distance c2 between the second end of the first extension near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension near the bottom edge is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

24. The method for manufacturing laminated glass as described in claim 23, characterized in that, The transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method.

25. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a frame and laminated glass as described in any one of claims 1 to 22, the frame being used to carry the laminated glass; The vehicle also includes sensors located inside the vehicle, which are positioned opposite to the signal transmission area.

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