A container for transporting batteries, control system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a container for transporting batteries, a control system and a method, and solves the problem of safety risks in the prior art container for transporting batteries, has the beneficial effect of improving the safety of the battery transportation process, and the specific scheme is as follows: a container for transporting batteries, comprising a box body, a plurality of rows of support frames are arranged in the box body, and the adjacent two rows of support frames are arranged at a distance apart from each other, each row of support frames is provided with multiple layers, each layer of the support frame is provided with multiple columns of support grids, the batteries are placed in the support grids, temperature sensors are arranged on the top and the peripheral side of part or all of the support grids, the temperature sensors on the side of the support grid are fixed to a connecting rod, the connecting rod is swingably installed on the support frame so as to facilitate the placing of the batteries into the support grids or the taking out of the batteries from the support grids, pressure sensors are arranged on the side of the support grid to obtain the contact pressure value when the adjacent two batteries on each layer are in contact, and a gas detector is arranged above the top layer of support grids on the top of the box body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium battery transportation, and in particular to a container, control system, and method for transporting batteries. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Batteries, especially lithium batteries, are a key component of new energy storage technology and play a vital role in modern transportation, communication, and power industries, with their transportation and export volumes steadily increasing. Current research on lithium batteries in the field of transportation safety mainly focuses on the temperature field distribution of transport equipment, packaging protection performance, and energy storage containers. Regarding packaging performance, safety requirements for lithium battery transport packaging design are proposed by analyzing existing technical regulations or accident consequences. However, the above research only focuses on the influence of single factors or the safety status of lithium batteries in energy storage containers, without fully considering the various extreme conditions that lithium batteries may encounter during transportation in ordinary containers, such as temperature changes and impacts. These factors can lead to a decline in battery performance or even safety accidents.

[0004] In addition, existing lithium batteries are simply stacked during transportation, which limits the stacking height. If the stacking is too high, the batteries are prone to collapse or collisions during transportation, which not only affects the subsequent performance of the batteries but also easily leads to battery leakage and fires. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a container for transporting batteries, which is beneficial to the safe transportation of batteries.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] A container for transporting batteries includes a container body with multiple rows of support frames inside. Adjacent rows of support frames are spaced apart, and each row of support frames has multiple layers. Each layer of the support frame has multiple rows of support cells. Batteries are placed in the support cells. Temperature sensors are installed on the top and sides of some or all of the support cells. Temperature sensors on the sides of the support cells are fixed to connecting rods, which are swayable and mounted on the support frames to facilitate the insertion or removal of batteries from the support cells. Pressure sensors are installed on the sides of the support cells to obtain contact pressure values ​​when two adjacent batteries in each layer come into contact. Gas detectors are installed on the top of the container above the top support cells, with each gas detector corresponding to a specific top support cell. The temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and gas detectors are each individually connected to a control unit. Exhaust vents are provided on the side walls of the container.

[0008] As described above, in a container for transporting batteries, the gas detectors are a methane detector, a carbon monoxide detector, and a hydrogen detector, which are integrated and mounted on a mounting frame, which is fixed to the top of the container.

[0009] As described above, in a container for transporting batteries, the mounting frame is a T-shaped mounting frame, with the top of the mounting frame fixed to the top of the container body. The side of the mounting frame has recesses, and the methane detector, carbon monoxide detector, and hydrogen detector are respectively inserted into the corresponding recesses.

[0010] As described above, in a container for transporting batteries, the top, bottom, and sides of the support grid are all hollowed out. The support grid is frame-shaped, and each side of the support grid is L-shaped. The bottom of the support grid supports the battery.

[0011] As described above, in a container used for transporting batteries, a door is provided at the discharge port, and the power source for the door is connected to the control unit.

[0012] The container for transporting batteries described above also includes a spraying unit. The spraying unit includes multiple nozzles installed on the vertical section of the support frame. The nozzles correspond one-to-one with the support grids along the height direction of the support frame. The spraying direction of the nozzles is set towards the center of the support grids. The spraying unit is connected to the control unit.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention also discloses a container control system for transporting batteries, which employs the aforementioned container for transporting batteries.

[0014] The control unit is equipped with a container temperature distribution model and a combustion heat estimation model. The control unit calculates the heat generated at the support grid based on the container temperature distribution model and the combustion heat estimation model. The control unit obtains the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid based on the container temperature distribution model. The control unit inputs the temperature values ​​obtained by the temperature sensors on the top and side of the support grid and the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid into the combustion heat estimation model to obtain the heat generated by battery combustion. The control unit is connected to a remote terminal and an alarm unit.

[0015] As described above, in a container control system for transporting batteries, the control unit constructs the container temperature distribution model based on the heat transfer between the container and the external environment, the heat exchange flow between the container and the external environment, and the heat radiated by the sun onto the container.

[0016] As described above, in a container control system for transporting batteries, the thermal conductivity between the container and the external environment is obtained based on parameters related to the heat-conducting material, the temperature difference between the container and the outside environment, and the distance of heat transfer.

[0017] The heat convection rate between the container and the external environment is obtained based on the heat transfer coefficient of the convective heat transfer surface and the temperature difference between the container and the outside environment.

[0018] The amount of heat radiated by the sun to the container is obtained based on the solar radiation intensity outside the atmosphere perpendicular to the line connecting the sun and the earth, the ratio of direct to diffuse solar radiation transmission under clear weather conditions, and the solar azimuth angle.

[0019] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a method for operating a container control system for transporting batteries, characterized by comprising the following:

[0020] Multiple rows of support frames are installed inside the container, each row of support frames has multiple layers, and each layer of support frames has multiple columns of support grids.

[0021] Place the battery into the support compartment relative to the swing connecting rod of the support frame;

[0022] Temperature sensors located at the support grid acquire the temperature of the top and sides of each battery and send it to the control unit. The control unit inputs the data collected by each temperature sensor into the combustion heat estimation model. The control unit obtains the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid according to the container temperature distribution model. The control unit inputs the temperature values ​​of the top and side temperature sensors of the support grid and the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid into the combustion heat estimation model to obtain the heat generated by battery combustion. If the heat generated by battery combustion calculated by the control unit exceeds the heat set value, the nozzle at the corresponding support grid is controlled to open.

[0023] The pressure sensor acquires the contact pressure value between two adjacent batteries in each layer and sends it to the control unit. When the control unit determines that the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the set value, it controls the alarm unit to sound an alarm.

[0024] The gas detector acquires gas data inside the chamber and sends it to the control unit. When the control unit detects that the gas detector has detected a gas level exceeding the set value, it activates the alarm unit to sound an alarm.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1) This invention incorporates a support frame within the container, with multiple rows, multiple layers in each row, and multiple columns in each layer. This allows each battery to be placed in an individual location during transport, ensuring the quantity of batteries transported and preventing direct contact between adjacent batteries, thus minimizing the risk of collisions during transport. Temperature sensors are installed on the top and sides of the support frame to monitor the temperature of the top and sides of the batteries. A gas detector is also installed inside the container to detect gas information and send it to the control unit for timely control of the opening or closing of the exhaust port. A pressure sensor is used to obtain the contact pressure value between adjacent batteries. Under normal conditions, adjacent batteries are not in contact, and the pressure sensor transmits zero data. A significant change in the pressure sensor value indicates that adjacent batteries are in contact, facilitating timely detection of problems.

[0027] 2) In this invention, the gas detectors are a methane detector, a carbon monoxide detector, and a hydrogen detector. The three sensors are integrated and installed on the mounting frame. The mounting frame has a reasonable structure, which realizes the integration of the three gas detectors and facilitates installation.

[0028] 3) The present invention is equipped with a spraying unit. When the control component detects that the temperature at a certain support grid is greater than the set temperature value, the control unit controls the corresponding nozzle to open to achieve targeted spraying and cool down the corresponding battery. Because the battery has an outer packaging, even if fire extinguishing gas such as perfluorohexanone is sprayed, it will not affect the performance of the battery. If the battery is on fire and the temperature is too high, the nozzle spraying fire extinguishing gas helps to extinguish the fire.

[0029] 4) This invention proposes a container control system in which a container temperature distribution model is constructed in the control unit. The temperature difference between the top and sides of the support grid facilitates the construction of the container temperature distribution model, thereby obtaining the heat situation inside the container. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a container for transporting batteries according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between a connecting rod and a support rod in a container used for transporting batteries, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3This is a top view of the bottom of a support grid in a container used for transporting batteries, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a mounting rack in a container for transporting batteries according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0036] The components are: 1. housing, 2. support frame, 3. battery, 4. support rod, 5. pin, 6. connecting rod, 7. temperature sensor, 8. support grid, 9. mounting bracket, and 10. recess. Detailed Implementation

[0037] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0038] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0039] As described in the background section, there are safety risks associated with transporting batteries in containers in the prior art. In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention proposes a container for transporting batteries.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1As shown, a container for transporting batteries includes a container body 1, with multiple rows of support frames 2 inside the container body 2. The bottom of the support frames is fixed to the bottom plate of the container body. Adjacent rows of support frames 2 are spaced apart. Each row of support frames 2 has multiple layers. Each layer of support frames 2 has multiple rows of support cells 8. Batteries 3 are placed in the support cells. Temperature sensors are installed on the top and sides of some or all of the support cells. Temperature sensors on the sides of the support cells 8 are fixed to connecting rods 6. The connecting rods 6 can be swung and installed on the support frames to facilitate the insertion or removal of batteries from the support cells. Pressure sensors are installed on the sides of the support cells to obtain the contact pressure value when two adjacent batteries in each layer come into contact. Gas detectors are installed on the top of the container body 1 above the top support cells. The positions of the gas detectors correspond one-to-one with the positions of the top support cells. The temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and gas detectors are each connected to a control unit. Exhaust ports are provided on the side walls of the container body.

[0042] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the support rod 4 on the upper side of the support grid is connected to one end of the connecting rod 6 by a pin 5, so that the connecting rod 6 can swing relative to the support rod 4. The length of the connecting rod 6 is less than the height of the support grid, and a temperature sensor 7 is fixed to the free end of the connecting rod 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, the top, bottom, and sides of the support grid are all hollowed out to facilitate the insertion or removal of the battery. The support grid 8 is frame-shaped. Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the support grid 8 is hollowed out, and each side of the support grid is L-shaped, so that the bottom side of the support grid forms a concave part to support the battery. The bottom of the support grid supports the battery, and the size of the hollow part at the bottom side of the support grid is smaller than the size of the battery, so that the bottom of the support grid can effectively support the bottom of the battery.

[0044] It is easy to understand that a switch door is installed at the discharge port, and the power source of the switch door is connected to the control unit. The box can be equipped with multiple discharge ports, and the shape of the switch door is adapted to the shape of the discharge port. The switch door is connected to the power source, which can be a linear drive mechanism. The linear drive mechanism is connected to the control unit, and the linear drive mechanism controls the linear movement of the switch door to realize the ventilation or closure of the discharge port.

[0045] In this embodiment, the gas detectors are existing methane detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, and hydrogen detectors. The methane detector, carbon monoxide detector, and hydrogen detector are integrated and installed on the mounting frame, which is fixed to the top of the housing.

[0046] refer to Figure 4As shown, the mounting bracket 9 is a T-shaped mounting bracket. The top of the mounting bracket 9 can be welded and fixed to the top of the box. Three recesses 10 are provided on the side of the vertical section of the mounting bracket 9. Each recess 10 is provided on the three sides of the vertical section of the mounting bracket. The methane detector, carbon monoxide detector and hydrogen detector are respectively inserted into the corresponding recesses.

[0047] In addition, the container also includes a spraying unit, which includes multiple nozzles installed on the vertical section of the support frame 2. The nozzles correspond one-to-one with the support grids along the height of the support frame 2. The spraying direction of the nozzles is set towards the center of the support grid, that is, towards the center of the battery. The spraying unit is connected to the control unit. Multiple nozzles are integrated into one pipeline. The nozzles are connected to the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent storage bottle through branch pipes. The branch pipes are equipped with switches, which are connected to the control unit. The position of the nozzles corresponds one-to-one with the support grid 8, so that the control unit can control the opening of the corresponding nozzles according to the temperature at the support grid.

[0048] The control unit is specifically an existing computing terminal, which is connected to the controller of the container transport vehicle. The computing terminal is connected to the driver's (or manufacturer's, transport company's) mobile terminal through a wireless communication network, so that the driver can obtain temperature information at each support compartment inside the container, information on various gases at the top of the container, and pressure data between two adjacent batteries in each layer through the mobile terminal. The control unit is equipped with temperature setpoints for temperature sensors and has a display screen that can display relevant data in the driver's cab.

[0049] The container provided in this embodiment has temperature sensors 7 installed on the top and sides of the support compartment 8 to achieve all-round monitoring of the temperature of the top and surrounding areas of the battery 3. A gas detector is also installed inside the container to detect the gas information inside the container and send it to the control unit so as to control the opening or closing of the exhaust port in a timely manner. A pressure sensor is used to obtain the contact pressure value between two adjacent batteries. Under normal conditions, there is no contact between two adjacent batteries, and the data transmitted by the pressure sensor is zero. When the pressure sensor value changes significantly, it indicates that there is contact between two adjacent batteries, which makes it easier to detect the problem in time.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment provides a container control system for transporting batteries, using a container for transporting batteries as described in Embodiment 1;

[0052] The control unit incorporates a container temperature distribution model and a combustion heat estimation model. Based on these models, the control unit calculates the heat generated at the support grid. It also obtains temperature values ​​from the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid, using the container temperature distribution model. The control unit inputs these temperature values, along with the external environment's effect on the top and side sensors of the support grid, into the combustion heat estimation model to obtain the heat generated by battery combustion. The control unit is connected to a remote terminal (mobile phone) and an alarm unit, specifically a buzzer. The buzzer can be installed in the cab.

[0053] The control unit constructs a container temperature distribution model based on the heat transfer between the container and the external environment, the heat exchange flow between the container and the external environment, and the heat radiated by the sun onto the container.

[0054] The heat transfer between the container and the external environment is obtained using the following formula:

[0055]

[0056] The heat exchange flow between the container and the external environment is obtained using the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] Where λ is a parameter related to the heat-conducting material, also known as thermal conductivity, and is 11.6 W / (m²). 2 ·℃); Δx is the distance of heat transfer, in meters; The average temperature of the container is expressed in °C; t f Ambient air temperature, in °C; h is the heat transfer coefficient of the convective heat transfer surface, which is 19.13 W / (m²). 2 ·℃); ΔT is the temperature difference between the container and the outside environment, in ℃;

[0059] The heat radiated by the sun onto the container:

[0060] One of the main energy sources for the temperature rise of containers and their cargo is solar radiation. In transient thermal analysis, the heating of containers by solar radiation is a dynamic process, and the intensity of solar radiation is affected by many factors, including time of day, season, and atmospheric conditions. Most solar radiation models for sunny days are based on semi-theoretical and semi-empirical formulas to calculate the intensity of solar radiation received by an object's surface. Specifically, the solar radiation intensity received by a container at different times is calculated using the following formula:

[0061] q3=G on (τ1+τ2)cosα

[0062] G on =G Sc [1 + 0.033cos(360°n / 365)]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] τ2=0.2710-0.293τ1

[0066] Among them, G on G represents the solar radiation intensity perpendicular to the line connecting the Earth and the Sun outside the atmosphere; cosα is the solar azimuth angle; τ1 and τ2 are the ratios of direct and diffuse solar radiation transmission under clear weather conditions; G SC G is the solar constant, representing the solar radiation intensity at the mean Earth-Sun distance. sc =1353W / m 2 n is the number of days in a year; δ is the solar declination angle; ω is the solar hour angle; L loα The latitude of the calculated location is used; a0, a1, and a2 are the standard clear-sky atmospheric physical constants for visibility.

[0067] The temperature distribution inside a shipping container is closely related to factors such as the surrounding environment's temperature, air convection, and solar radiation. In summary, the heat balance equation for a shipping container can be expressed as:

[0068]

[0069] Where q1 is the heat transfer between the container and the external environment; q2 is the heat convection between the container and the external environment; q3 is the heat radiated by the sun to the container; and ρ is the average density. T represents the average specific heat capacity. a The temperature value is the temperature of the sensor at the top, left, or right side of the support grid caused by the external environment; t is time. This is the differential of temperature with respect to time.

[0070] It should be explained that the purpose of establishing the container temperature distribution model is to eliminate the influence of the environment, so that only the temperature change caused by the battery combustion to the sensor is considered. By applying thermal boundary conditions q1, q2, and q3 to the outer surface of the container, the internal temperature distribution of the container under the influence of external conditions can be obtained.

[0071] Model for estimating heat of combustion;

[0072]

[0073] Among them, Q x，y，z The heat generated by the combustion of a battery pack within a support compartment of a container; T u，x，y，zT l，x，y，z and T r，x，y，z These are the temperature values ​​measured by the sensors on the top, left, and right sides of the support grid; T au，x，y，z T al，x，y，z and T ar，x，y，z The values ​​represent the temperatures exerted by the external environment on the sensors at the top, left, and right sides of the support grid. These values ​​can be obtained from the aforementioned heat balance equation for the container; R l and R r The thermal resistance between the top sensor and the side sensors is 0.5 kW. -1 ; Set Q x，y，z The threshold is 50J; t is time; where the x-axis represents the horizontal direction of different support grids of the same support frame; the y-axis represents the direction of different support frames; and the z-axis represents the vertical direction.

[0074] The control unit, based on the aforementioned combustion heat estimation model, uses the values ​​T measured by sensors at the same support grid. u，x，y，z T l，x，y，z and T r，x，y z, minus the temperature values ​​T of the sensors at the top and sides of the support grid, obtained from the heat balance relationship of the container temperature distribution. au，x，y，z T al，x，y，z and T au，x，y，z It only considers the heat generated by battery combustion to control the opening or closing of the corresponding nozzles.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] This embodiment provides a method for operating a container control system for transporting batteries, including the following:

[0077] Multiple rows of support frames are installed inside the container, each row of support frames has multiple layers, and each layer of support frames has multiple columns of support grids.

[0078] Place the battery into the support compartment relative to the swing connecting rod of the support frame;

[0079] Temperature sensors located at the support grid acquire the temperature of the top and sides of each battery and send it to the control unit. The control unit inputs the data collected by each temperature sensor into the combustion heat estimation model. The control unit obtains the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid according to the container temperature distribution model. The control unit inputs the temperature values ​​of the top and side temperature sensors of the support grid and the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid into the combustion heat estimation model to obtain the heat generated by battery combustion. If the heat generated by battery combustion calculated by the control unit exceeds the heat set value, such as 50J, the nozzle at the corresponding support grid is controlled to open.

[0080] The pressure sensor acquires the contact pressure value between two adjacent batteries in each layer and sends it to the control unit. When the control unit determines that the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the set value, it controls the alarm unit to sound an alarm.

[0081] The gas detector acquires gas concentration data within the chamber and sends it to the control unit. When the control unit detects that the gas concentration detected by the gas detector exceeds a set value, it activates the alarm unit. The set values ​​for the methane detector, carbon monoxide detector, and hydrogen detector are 2 × 10⁻⁶. -4 1.9×10 -4 and 1.5×10 -4 All are volume fractions.

[0082] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A container control system for transporting batteries, characterized in that, A container for transporting batteries is used, including a container body with multiple rows of support frames inside the container. The support frames are spaced apart from each other, and each row of support frames has multiple layers. Each layer of the support frame has multiple rows of support cells. Batteries are placed in the support cells. Temperature sensors are installed on the top and sides of some or all of the support cells. The temperature sensors on the sides of the support cells are fixed to connecting rods. The connecting rods are swayable and installed on the support frames to facilitate the insertion or removal of batteries from the support cells. Pressure sensors are installed on the sides of the support cells to obtain the contact pressure value when two adjacent batteries in each layer come into contact. Gas detectors are installed on the top of the container body above the top support cells. The positions of the gas detectors correspond one-to-one with the positions of the top support cells. The temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and gas detectors are each connected to a control unit. Exhaust ports are provided on the side walls of the container body. The control unit is equipped with a container temperature distribution model and a combustion heat estimation model. The control unit calculates the heat generated at the support grid based on the container temperature distribution model and the combustion heat estimation model. The control unit obtains the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid based on the container temperature distribution model. The control unit inputs the temperature values ​​obtained by the temperature sensors on the top and side of the support grid and the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid into the combustion heat estimation model to obtain the heat generated by battery combustion. The control unit is connected to a remote terminal and an alarm unit.

2. A container control system for transporting batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas detectors are a methane detector, a carbon monoxide detector, and a hydrogen detector, which are integrated and installed on a mounting frame, which is fixed to the top of the housing.

3. A container control system for transporting batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting bracket is a T-shaped mounting bracket, with its top fixed to the top of the housing. The side of the mounting bracket has recesses, into which the methane detector, carbon monoxide detector, and hydrogen detector are respectively inserted.

4. A container control system for transporting batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top, bottom, and sides of the support grid are all hollowed out. The support grid is frame-shaped, and each side of the support grid is L-shaped. The bottom of the support grid supports the battery.

5. A container control system for transporting batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, A switch door is installed at the discharge port, and the power source for the switch door is connected to the control unit.

6. A container control system for transporting batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a spraying unit, which includes multiple nozzles installed on the vertical section of the support frame. The nozzles correspond one-to-one with the support grids along the height of the support frame, and the spraying direction of the nozzles is set towards the center of the support grids. The spraying unit is connected to the control unit.

7. A container control system for transporting batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit constructs the container temperature distribution model based on the heat transfer between the container and the external environment, the heat convection between the container and the external environment, and the heat radiated by the sun onto the container.

8. A container control system for transporting batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity between the container and the external environment is obtained based on parameters related to the heat-conducting material, the temperature difference between the container and the outside environment, and the distance of heat transfer. The heat convection rate between the container and the external environment is obtained based on the heat transfer coefficient of the convective heat transfer surface and the temperature difference between the container and the outside environment. The amount of heat radiated by the sun to the container is obtained based on the solar radiation intensity outside the atmosphere perpendicular to the line connecting the sun and the earth, the ratio of direct to diffuse solar radiation transmission under clear weather conditions, and the solar azimuth angle.

9. A method for operating a container control system for transporting batteries according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following: Multiple rows of support frames are installed inside the container, each row of support frames has multiple layers, and each layer of support frames has multiple columns of support grids. Place the battery into the support compartment relative to the swing connecting rod of the support frame; Temperature sensors located at the support grid acquire the temperature of the top and sides of each battery and send it to the control unit. The control unit inputs the data collected by each temperature sensor into the combustion heat estimation model. The control unit obtains the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid according to the container temperature distribution model. The control unit inputs the temperature values ​​of the top and side temperature sensors of the support grid and the temperature values ​​of the external environment acting on the top and side sensors of the support grid into the combustion heat estimation model to obtain the heat generated by battery combustion. If the heat generated by battery combustion calculated by the control unit exceeds the heat set value, the nozzle at the corresponding support grid is controlled to open. The pressure sensor acquires the contact pressure value between two adjacent batteries in each layer and sends it to the control unit. When the control unit determines that the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the set value, it controls the alarm unit to sound an alarm. The gas detector acquires gas data inside the chamber and sends it to the control unit. When the control unit detects that the gas detector has detected a gas level exceeding the set value, it activates the alarm unit to sound an alarm.

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