Carbon dioxide adsorption method and apparatus for use in poorly ventilated environments

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide adsorption, and discloses a carbon dioxide adsorption method and device for a poorly ventilated environment, which comprises the following steps: S1: absorbing and capturing carbon dioxide in air through an adsorbent until the adsorbent is saturated, and performing S2; S2: performing purging on the adsorbent through air after the carbon dioxide is captured in the step S1, performing vacuumizing operation on the environment where the adsorbent is located, simultaneously heating the adsorbent, desorbing and regenerating the adsorbent, and performing the step S1 again. Through the purging, heating and vacuumizing treatment on the protected adsorbent, the regeneration effect of the adsorbent can be improved, so that the carbon dioxide can be better captured in the subsequent adsorption process, the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the poorly ventilated environment can be effectively reduced, and the comfort and safety of the human body in the poorly ventilated environment can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon dioxide adsorption technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for carbon dioxide adsorption in poorly ventilated environments. Background Technology

[0002] In poorly ventilated environments, such as inside vehicles, ship cabins, civil defense projects, tunnels, mines, and storage rooms, it is usually necessary to control the carbon dioxide concentration in order to ensure operational safety.

[0003] Currently, there are four main methods for capturing carbon dioxide: cryogenic method, membrane separation method, chemical absorption method, and pressure swing adsorption method.

[0004] Cryogenic separation utilizes the difference in boiling points between carbon dioxide and other components, requiring extremely low temperatures, resulting in high energy consumption, large equipment footprint, and limited application scenarios.

[0005] Membrane separation utilizes the different permeation rates of different gas molecules through the separation membrane under pressure to achieve separation. However, the separation efficiency is too low to effectively purify carbon dioxide.

[0006] Chemical absorption separates gases by reacting an absorbent with carbon dioxide, effectively removing carbon dioxide. However, the absorbent is corrosive to equipment, and the purified gas has a strong pungent odor, limiting its application.

[0007] Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) separates carbon dioxide by utilizing the different adsorption capacities of adsorbents under different pressures. It is mainly used for capturing low to medium concentrations of carbon dioxide (5%-90%). However, it cannot achieve efficient capture of carbon dioxide in the air. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the air is extremely low, only 420 ppm. Capturing carbon dioxide solely through PSA requires extremely high energy consumption, has a complex process, and the carbon dioxide capture is incomplete, failing to meet the carbon dioxide capture requirements of poorly ventilated spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a carbon dioxide adsorption method and apparatus for poorly ventilated environments, which can effectively reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments and ensure the comfort and safety of the human body in such environments.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1: Absorb and capture carbon dioxide from the air using an adsorbent until the adsorbent is saturated, then proceed to S2;

[0011] S2: The adsorbent is purged with air after carbon dioxide capture in S1, the environment in which the adsorbent is located is evacuated, and the adsorbent is heated to desorb and regenerate it, and then S1 is executed again.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0013] In step S2, the air after carbon dioxide capture in step S1 is first heated, and then the adsorbent is purged while heat exchange is performed on the adsorbent, so that the adsorbent is heated.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0015] The adsorbent is filled in the adsorption tower, and there are two adsorption towers, which are referred to as the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower, respectively.

[0016] When the first adsorption tower is performing S1, the second adsorption tower is performing S2;

[0017] When the first adsorption tower is performing S2, the second adsorption tower is performing S1.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0019] In step S1, specifically:

[0020] S1 a: Increase the air pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located;

[0021] S1 b: Carbon dioxide in the air is absorbed and captured by an adsorbent until the adsorbent is saturated;

[0022] S1 c: Reduce the air pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located by equalizing the pressure;

[0023] S1 d: Execute S2;

[0024] In step S2, specifically:

[0025] S2a: The adsorbent is purged with air after carbon dioxide capture in S1b, the environment in which the adsorbent is located is evacuated, and the adsorbent is heated to desorb and regenerate the adsorbent.

[0026] S2b: Cooling the adsorbent;

[0027] S2c: Increase the air pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located through pressure equalization operation;

[0028] S2d: Increases the air pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located by capturing carbon dioxide;

[0029] S2e: Execute S1.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0031] The adsorbent is filled in the adsorption tower, and there are three adsorption towers, which are respectively referred to as the first adsorption tower, the second adsorption tower and the third adsorption tower.

[0032] The first adsorption tower performs S1a, the second adsorption tower performs S1c, and the third adsorption tower performs S2c.

[0033] The first adsorption tower performs S1b, the second adsorption tower performs S2a, and the third adsorption tower is in a waiting state.

[0034] The first adsorption tower performs S1b, the second adsorption tower performs S2b, and the third adsorption tower performs S1a;

[0035] The first adsorption tower performs S1c, the second adsorption tower performs S2c, and the third adsorption tower performs S2c.

[0036] The first adsorption tower performs S2a, the second adsorption tower is in a waiting state, and the third adsorption tower performs S1b.

[0037] The first adsorption tower performs S2b, the second adsorption tower performs S2d, and the third adsorption tower performs S1b.

[0038] The first adsorption tower performs S2c, the second adsorption tower performs S1a, and the third adsorption tower performs S1c.

[0039] The first adsorption tower is in a waiting state, the second adsorption tower is in S1b, and the third adsorption tower is in S2a.

[0040] The first adsorption tower performs S2d, the second adsorption tower performs S1b, and the third adsorption tower performs S2b.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0042] The adsorbent includes one or more of zeolite molecular sieves, activated carbon, carbon molecular sieves, alumina, silica gel, or metal-organic frameworks.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0044] In step S2, the heating temperature range of the adsorbent is 0-500℃.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0046] The ambient pressure range of the adsorbent in S2 is 0-1 bar.

[0047] The present invention also provides an apparatus for a carbon dioxide adsorption method in poorly ventilated environments, comprising:

[0048] The first adsorption tower is filled with adsorbent, and the first adsorption tower is provided with a first inlet pipe and a first outlet pipe.

[0049] The second adsorption tower is filled with the adsorbent, and a second inlet pipe and a second outlet pipe are provided on the second adsorption tower.

[0050] A fan that connects the first air intake pipe and the second air intake pipe;

[0051] A vacuum device is provided with a first suction pipe and a second suction pipe, the first suction pipe is also connected to a first air inlet pipe, and the second suction pipe is also connected to a second air inlet pipe.

[0052] The first purge line is connected to the first outlet line and the second outlet line;

[0053] A heating device is installed on the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the apparatus for a carbon dioxide adsorption method in poorly ventilated environments further includes:

[0055] The third adsorption tower is filled with the adsorbent. The third adsorption tower is provided with a third air inlet pipe and a third air outlet pipe. The fan is connected to the third air inlet pipe. The vacuum device is also provided with a third air extraction pipe, which is also connected to the third air inlet pipe.

[0056] The second purging line is connected to the first outlet line and the third outlet line;

[0057] The third purging line connects the second outlet line and the third outlet line;

[0058] The heating device is also installed on the third adsorption tower.

[0059] This invention provides a method and apparatus for carbon dioxide adsorption in poorly ventilated environments, which, compared with the prior art, have the following advantages:

[0060] The present invention discloses a carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments. By simultaneously purging, heating, and vacuuming the protected adsorbent, the regeneration effect of the adsorbent can be improved, thereby better capturing carbon dioxide in subsequent adsorption processes. This effectively reduces the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments, ensuring the comfort and safety of people in such environments.

[0061] The apparatus of the present invention for carbon dioxide adsorption in poorly ventilated environments can effectively reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments, ensuring the comfort and safety of the human body in poorly ventilated environments. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device with two adsorption towers for a carbon dioxide adsorption method in poorly ventilated environments, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device with three adsorption towers for a carbon dioxide adsorption method in poorly ventilated environments according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] In the diagram, 1. First adsorption tower; 2. Second adsorption tower; 3. First inlet pipe; 4. Second inlet pipe; 5. First outlet pipe; 6. Second outlet pipe; 7. Fan; 8. Vacuum device; 9. First extraction pipe; 10. Second extraction pipe; 11. First purge pipe; 12. Heating device; 13. Detector; 14. First inlet valve; 15. Second inlet valve; 16. First outlet valve; 17. Second outlet valve; 18. First extraction valve; 19. Second extraction valve; 20. First purge valve; 21. Third adsorption tower; 22. Third inlet pipe; 23. Third outlet pipe; 24. Third extraction pipe; 25. Second purge pipe; 26. Third purge pipe; 27. Third inlet valve; 28. Third outlet valve; 29. ​​Third extraction valve; 30. Second purge valve; 31. Third purge valve. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0066] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0067] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0068] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0069] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] An embodiment of the present invention provides a carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments, comprising the following steps:

[0071] S1: Absorb and capture carbon dioxide from the air using the adsorbent until the adsorbent is saturated, then proceed to S2. The ambient pressure range for the adsorbent is 1-100 bar.

[0072] S2: The adsorbent is purged with air after carbon dioxide capture in S1, the environment in which the adsorbent is located is evacuated, and the adsorbent is heated to desorb and regenerate it, and then S1 is executed again.

[0073] In other words, step S1 is the adsorption step, and step S2 is the desorption step.

[0074] In S1, after the air passes through the adsorbent and absorbs carbon dioxide, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air decreases, thereby reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments.

[0075] In S2, the saturated adsorbent releases the adsorbed carbon dioxide, which can be discharged outside the poorly ventilated environment to ensure that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the poorly ventilated environment can be reduced. At the same time, the adsorbent is regenerated to prepare for the next execution of S1 to adsorb carbon dioxide.

[0076] Vacuum treatment means that the ambient pressure range of the adsorbent is 0-1 bar.

[0077] The heating temperature range of the adsorbent is 0-500℃.

[0078] In existing technologies, due to the very low concentration of carbon dioxide in the air, only 420 ppm, the adsorbent requires extremely high energy consumption to achieve the desorption process, but the desorption effect is also poor, and the degree of regeneration of the adsorbent is low. Therefore, in existing technologies, the adsorbent almost becomes ineffective after one use, and cannot meet the requirements for carbon dioxide concentration in poorly ventilated environments.

[0079] In this embodiment, during the desorption process, the adsorbent is simultaneously heated, vacuumed, and purged. This allows the saturated adsorbent to release more carbon dioxide, resulting in a high degree of adsorbent regeneration. This allows the adsorbent to be reused, and the regenerated adsorbent can adsorb carbon dioxide from the air again, thereby effectively reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments and ensuring the comfort and safety of people in poorly ventilated environments.

[0080] In some embodiments, in S2, the air after carbon dioxide capture in S1 is first heated, and then the adsorbent is purged and heat exchanged with it, so that the adsorbent is heated.

[0081] After the purge air is heated, it comes into contact with the adsorbent and undergoes heat exchange. The adsorbent is not only heated, but also purged.

[0082] In some embodiments, the adsorbent is filled inside the adsorption tower, and two adsorption towers are configured, which are referred to as the first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2, respectively.

[0083] When the first adsorption tower 1 performs S1, the second adsorption tower 2 performs S2.

[0084] When the first adsorption tower 1 is executing S2, the second adsorption tower 2 is executing S1.

[0085] With two adsorption towers, the first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2 take turns performing the adsorption and desorption steps, thereby improving the purification efficiency of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments.

[0086] Specifically, in step S1, the following is done:

[0087] S1 a: Increase the gas pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located, which is the pressurization step. Pressurization can be carried out by the raw material gas to achieve the pressure required for the adsorption step.

[0088] S1 b: The adsorption step involves the adsorbent absorbing and capturing carbon dioxide from the air until the adsorbent becomes saturated. After the air passes through the adsorbent and absorbs carbon dioxide, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air decreases, thereby reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments.

[0089] S1 c: The pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located is reduced by the pressure equalization operation, which is the pressure equalization step, so that the pressure is balanced and the pressure difference during the desorption process is reduced.

[0090] S1 d: Execute S2.

[0091] In step S2, specifically:

[0092] S2a: The air used to capture carbon dioxide in S1b is used to purge the adsorbent, and a vacuum is drawn to the environment in which the adsorbent is located. At the same time, the adsorbent is heated to desorb and regenerate it; this is the desorption step. The saturated adsorbent releases the adsorbed carbon dioxide, which can be discharged outside the poorly ventilated environment to ensure that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the poorly ventilated environment can be reduced. At the same time, the adsorbent is regenerated to prepare for the adsorption of carbon dioxide again.

[0093] S2b: Cooling the adsorbent is the cooling step. The settling tower is used to cool the adsorbent in preparation for the next adsorption.

[0094] S2c: The pressure of the adsorbent's environment is increased through pressure equalization, which is the pressure equalization step. The adsorbent receives equalization gas for pressure increase, reducing energy consumption during the pressurization process.

[0095] S2d: The air pressure of the adsorbent environment is increased by capturing carbon dioxide, which is the light component pressurization step. The gas after adsorption is pressurized to reduce the pressurization energy consumption.

[0096] S2e: Execute S1.

[0097] By setting up the above-mentioned pressurization steps, pressure equalization and pressure reduction steps, cooling steps, and light component pressurization steps, the tower can be gradually pressurized and cooled, and the operation of other towers can be coupled to reduce energy consumption and improve purity.

[0098] Between adjacent steps, a waiting state can be inserted for the adsorbent.

[0099] In some embodiments, the adsorbent is filled in the adsorption tower, and there are three adsorption towers, which are referred to as the first adsorption tower 1, the second adsorption tower 2, and the third adsorption tower, respectively.

[0100] (1) The first adsorption tower 1 performs S1 a, the second adsorption tower 2 performs S1 c, and the third adsorption tower performs S2 c;

[0101] (2) The first adsorption tower 1 executes S1 b, the second adsorption tower 2 executes S2a, and the third adsorption tower is in a waiting state.

[0102] (3) The first adsorption tower 1 performs S1 b, the second adsorption tower 2 performs S2 b, and the third adsorption tower performs S1 a;

[0103] (4) The first adsorption tower 1 performs S1c, the second adsorption tower 2 performs S2c, and the third adsorption tower performs S2c.

[0104] (5) The first adsorption tower 1 executes S2a, the second adsorption tower 2 is in a waiting state, and the third adsorption tower executes S1b.

[0105] (6) The first adsorption tower 1 performs S2b, the second adsorption tower 2 performs S2d, and the third adsorption tower performs S1b.

[0106] (7) The first adsorption tower 1 performs S2c, the second adsorption tower 2 performs S1a, and the third adsorption tower performs S1c;

[0107] (8) The first adsorption tower 1 is in a waiting state, the second adsorption tower 2 executes S1 b, and the third adsorption tower executes S2a;

[0108] (9) The first adsorption tower 1 performs S2d, the second adsorption tower 2 performs S1b, and the third adsorption tower performs S2b.

[0109] The adsorbents include one or more of zeolite molecular sieves, activated carbon, carbon molecular sieves, alumina, silica gel, or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These adsorbents have a high adsorption capacity for carbon dioxide to ensure effective adsorption of carbon dioxide from the air.

[0110] This embodiment also provides an apparatus for applying the above-described carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments, comprising: a first adsorption tower 1, a second adsorption tower 2, a fan 7, a vacuum device 8, a first purging pipeline 11, and a heating device 12. Please refer to... Figure 1 The diagram shows an apparatus with two adsorption towers.

[0111] The first adsorption tower 1 is filled with adsorbent, and a first air inlet pipe 3 and a first air outlet pipe 5 are provided on the first adsorption tower 1. In step S1, air from a poorly ventilated environment enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first air inlet pipe 3, is adsorbed by the adsorbent inside the first adsorption tower 1 to remove carbon dioxide, and then leaves the first adsorption tower 1 through the first air outlet pipe 5 and returns to the poorly ventilated environment.

[0112] The second adsorption tower 2 is filled with adsorbent, and a second air inlet pipe 4 and a second air outlet pipe 6 are provided on the second adsorption tower 2. In step S1, air from a poorly ventilated environment enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first air inlet pipe 3, is adsorbed by the adsorbent inside the first adsorption tower 1 to remove carbon dioxide, and then leaves the first adsorption tower 1 through the first air outlet pipe 5 and returns to the poorly ventilated environment.

[0113] The adsorption operations of the first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2 are carried out alternately. When the first adsorption tower 1 is performing adsorption operations, the second adsorption tower 2 is performing desorption operations, and when the second adsorption tower 2 is performing adsorption operations, the first adsorption tower 1 is performing desorption operations.

[0114] The fan 7 is connected to the first intake pipe 3 and the second intake pipe 4. The fan 7 provides kinetic energy to the air in the first intake pipe 3 and the second intake pipe 4.

[0115] The vacuum device 8 is equipped with a first extraction pipe 9 and a second extraction pipe 10. The first extraction pipe 9 is also connected to the first inlet pipe 3, and the second extraction pipe 10 is also connected to the second inlet pipe 4. The vacuum device 8 allows air in the first adsorption tower 1 to enter the first extraction pipe 9 through the first inlet pipe 3 and then flow out of the poorly ventilated environment. Similarly, air in the second adsorption tower 2 can also enter the second extraction pipe 10 through the second inlet pipe 4 and then flow out of the poorly ventilated environment.

[0116] The first purge line 11 connects the first outlet line 5 and the second outlet line 6. In S2, when the first adsorption tower 1 is performing adsorption, a portion of the air after the first adsorption tower 1 absorbs carbon dioxide enters the first purge line 11 from the first outlet line 5, and then enters the second adsorption tower 2 from the first purge line 11 for purging. Similarly, when the second adsorption tower 2 is performing adsorption, a portion of the air after the second adsorption tower 2 absorbs carbon dioxide enters the first purge line 11 from the second outlet line 6, and then enters the first adsorption tower 1 from the first purge line 11 for purging.

[0117] Heating device 12 is installed on the first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2. Heating device 12 is used to heat the adsorbent inside the first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2 respectively.

[0118] The heating device 12 can be an electric heating wire for the adsorbent embedded inside the first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2, or it can be a heating jacket or a gas heating device. In specific embodiments, one or more can be selected as needed according to actual requirements.

[0119] By setting up two adsorption towers to perform adsorption and desorption operations respectively, it is possible to continuously reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments, ensuring the comfort and safety of people in such environments.

[0120] A first intake valve 14 is provided on the first intake pipe 3, and a second intake valve 15 is provided on the second intake pipe 4; a first outlet valve 16 is provided on the first outlet pipe 5, and a second outlet valve 17 is provided on the second outlet pipe 6; a first suction valve 18 is provided on the first suction pipe 9, and a second suction valve 19 is provided on the second suction pipe 10; a first purge valve 20 is provided on the first purge pipe 11.

[0121] Each valve can control the opening and closing of its corresponding pipeline, thereby controlling the flow of gas.

[0122] The apparatus for a carbon dioxide adsorption method in poorly ventilated environments further includes a controller electrically connected to a first inlet valve 14, a second inlet valve 15, a first outlet valve 16, a second outlet valve 17, a first extraction valve 18, a second extraction valve 19, a first purge valve 20, a fan 7, a vacuum device 8, and a heating device 12. The controller can be a PLC system or a microcontroller, used to control whether the first inlet valve 14, the second inlet valve 15, the first outlet valve 16, the second outlet valve 17, the first extraction valve 18, the second extraction valve 19, the first purge valve 20, the fan 7, the vacuum device 8, and the heating device 12 are operating or in operating mode.

[0123] The apparatus for a carbon dioxide adsorption method in poorly ventilated environments further includes a detector 13, which is connected to a first inlet pipe 3, a second inlet pipe 4, a first outlet pipe 5, and a second outlet pipe 6. The detector 13 is used to detect the concentration of carbon dioxide. The detector 13 is configured to monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas in real time.

[0124] For a device with three adsorption towers, please refer to... Figure 2 Compared to a device with two adsorption towers, a device with three adsorption towers also includes a third adsorption tower 21, a second purge pipeline 25, and a third purge pipeline 26.

[0125] The third adsorption tower 21 is filled with adsorbent. The third adsorption tower 21 is equipped with a third air inlet pipe 22 and a third air outlet pipe 23. The blower 7 is connected to the third air inlet pipe 22. The vacuum device 8 is also equipped with a third air extraction pipe 24, which is also connected to the third air inlet pipe 22.

[0126] A third intake valve 27 is provided on the third intake pipe 22, a third outlet valve 28 is provided on the third outlet pipe 23, and a third extraction valve 29 is provided on the third extraction pipe 24.

[0127] The second purge line 25 connects the first outlet line 5 and the third outlet line 23. A second purge valve 30 is installed on the second purge line 25.

[0128] The third purge line 26 connects the second outlet line 6 and the third outlet line 23. A third purge valve 31 is installed on the third outlet line 23.

[0129] The heating device 12 is also installed on the third adsorption tower 21.

[0130] Similarly, the controller is electrically connected to the third intake valve 27, the third exhaust valve 28, the third extraction valve 29, the second purge valve 30, and the third purge valve 31 to control whether it is working or the working mode.

[0131] The first adsorption tower 1 is filled with adsorbent. The first adsorption tower 1 is equipped with a first inlet pipe 3, a first outlet pipe 5, a first purge pipe 11, and a second purge pipe 25. In step S1a, air from a poorly ventilated environment enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first inlet pipe 3 to increase the tower pressure. In step S1b, air from a poorly ventilated environment enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first inlet pipe 3, is adsorbed by the adsorbent inside the first adsorption tower 1 to remove carbon dioxide, and then leaves the first adsorption tower 1 through the first outlet pipe 5, returning to the poorly ventilated environment. A portion of the gas enters other towers through the first purge pipe 11 and the second purge pipe 25. In step S1... In step c, the gas inside the tower is pressurized by the first purge pipe 11 to equalize the pressure of the first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2, thereby reducing the pressure of the first adsorption tower 1. In step S2a, the vacuum device 8 allows the air in the first adsorption tower 1 to enter the first exhaust pipe 9 from the first inlet pipe 3 and then flow out of the poorly ventilated environment. At the same time, the heating device 12 heats the tower. The raw material gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the second purge pipe 25 for purging. In step S2b, the adsorption tower is not connected to any other pipes and is cooled. In step S2c, the raw material gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the second purge pipe 25 and is pressurized. In the waiting state, the first adsorption tower 1 is not connected to any pipes and waits for the other towers to complete their respective steps. In step S2d, the raw material gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the second purge pipe 25, thereby increasing the tower pressure.

[0132] The second adsorption tower 2 is filled with adsorbent. The second adsorption tower 2 is equipped with a second inlet pipe 4, a second outlet pipe 6, a first purge pipe 11, and a third purge pipe 26. In step S1a, the gas inside the tower is pressurized by the third purge pipe 26, causing a pressure drop in the second adsorption tower 2. In step S1b, the vacuum device 8 allows air from the second adsorption tower 2 to enter the second exhaust pipe 10 through the second inlet pipe 4, and then flow out of the poorly ventilated environment. Simultaneously, the heating device 12 heats the tower. The raw material gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the first purge pipe 11 for purging. Afterward, the second adsorption tower 2 is not connected to anything and is cooled. In step S1... In step S2c, the raw gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the first purge pipe 11 and is pressurized. In step S2a, the second adsorption tower 2 is not connected to any pipe and waits for the other towers to complete their respective steps. In step S2b, the raw gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the third purge pipe 26, increasing the tower pressure. In step S2c, air from a poorly ventilated environment enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the second inlet pipe 4 to increase the tower pressure. In step S2d, air from a poorly ventilated environment enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the second inlet pipe 4, is adsorbed by the adsorbent inside the second adsorption tower 2, and then leaves the second adsorption tower 2 through the second outlet pipe 6, returning to the poorly ventilated environment. Some gas enters the other two towers through the first purge pipe 11 and the third purge pipe 26.

[0133] The third adsorption tower 21 is filled with adsorbent, and the third adsorption tower 21 is provided with a third inlet pipe 22, a third outlet pipe 23, a second purge pipe 25 and a third purge pipe 26. In step S1a, the raw gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the third purge pipe 26 and is pressurized. In step S1b, the third adsorption tower 21 is not connected to any pipes and waits for the other towers to complete their respective steps. Then, the gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the second purge pipe 25 and is pressurized. In step S1c, air from a poorly ventilated environment enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the third inlet pipe 22 to increase the tower pressure. In steps S2a and S2b, air from a poorly ventilated environment enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the third inlet pipe 22. After being adsorbed by the adsorbent inside the third adsorption tower 21, the air leaves the third adsorption tower 21 through the third outlet pipe 23 and returns to the poorly ventilated environment. Some of the gas enters the other two towers through the second purge pipe 25 and the third purge pipe 26. In step S2c, the gas inside the tower is pressurized by the third purge pipe 26 to equalize the pressure of the first adsorption tower 1 and the third adsorption tower 21, and the pressure of the third adsorption tower 21 decreases. In the waiting state, the vacuum device 8 allows the air in the third adsorption tower 21 to enter the third exhaust pipe 24 from the third adsorption tower 21 and then flow out of the poorly ventilated environment. At the same time, the heating device 12 heats the tower, and the raw material gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the third adsorption tower 21 for purging by the second purge and equalization pipe. In step S2d, the third adsorption tower 21 is not connected to other towers and is left to cool.

[0134] The fan 7 is connected to the first intake pipe 3, the second intake pipe 4, and the third intake pipe 22. The fan 7 provides kinetic energy to the air in the first intake pipe 3, the second intake pipe 4, and the third intake pipe 22.

[0135] The vacuum device 8 is equipped with a first extraction pipe 9, a second extraction pipe 10, and a third extraction pipe 24. The first extraction pipe 9 is also connected to the first inlet pipe 3, the second extraction pipe 10 is also connected to the second inlet pipe 4, and the third extraction pipe 24 is also connected to the third inlet pipe 22. The vacuum device 8 allows air in the first adsorption tower 1 to enter the first extraction pipe 9 through the first inlet pipe 3 and then flow out of the poorly ventilated environment; air in the second adsorption tower 2 can also enter the second extraction pipe 10 through the second inlet pipe 4 and then flow out of the poorly ventilated environment; air in the third adsorption tower 21 can also enter the third extraction pipe 24 through the third inlet pipe 22 and then flow out of the poorly ventilated environment.

[0136] The first purge line 11, the second purge line 25, and the third purge line 26 are respectively connected to the first outlet line 5, the second outlet line 6, and the third outlet line 23. In S1b, when the first adsorption tower 1 is performing adsorption, a portion of the air after the first adsorption tower 1 absorbs carbon dioxide enters from the first outlet line 5 into the first purge line 11 and the second purge line 25, then enters the second adsorption tower 2 for purging, and finally enters the third purge line 26 for pressurization. When the second adsorption tower 2 is performing adsorption, a portion of the air after the second adsorption tower 2 absorbs carbon dioxide enters from the second outlet line 6 into the first purge line 11 and the third purge line 26, then enters the third adsorption tower 21 for purging, and finally enters the first adsorption tower 1 for pressurization. When the third adsorption tower 21 is performing adsorption, part of the air after the third adsorption tower 21 absorbs carbon dioxide enters the second purge pipe 25 and the third purge pipe 26 from the third outlet pipe 23, enters the first adsorption tower 1 for purging, and enters the second adsorption tower 2 for pressurization.

[0137] Heating device 12 is installed on the first adsorption tower 1, the second adsorption tower 2, and the third adsorption tower 21. Heating device 12 is used to heat the adsorbent inside the first adsorption tower 1, the second adsorption tower 2, and the third adsorption tower 21 respectively.

[0138] By setting up three adsorption towers to perform adsorption and desorption operations respectively, it is possible to continuously reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments, ensuring the comfort and safety of people in such environments.

[0139] Example 1

[0140] Specifically, for a device used in a carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments, with two adsorption towers installed, the following operations can be performed during use:

[0141] The first adsorption tower 1 performs adsorption, and the second adsorption tower 2 performs desorption.

[0142] The first inlet valve 14, the first outlet valve 16, and the first purge valve 20 are opened, and the fan 7 operates. Air from the poorly ventilated environment enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first inlet pipe 3, where carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent, resulting in a low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas. Part of this low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas returns to the poorly ventilated environment through the first outlet pipe 5, while the other part enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the first purge pipe 11 for purging. Simultaneously, the second exhaust valve 19 is opened, and the vacuum device 8 performs a vacuuming operation on the second adsorption tower 2. At the same time, the heating device 12 is turned on to heat the adsorbent in the second adsorption tower 2 to 200°C. The carbon dioxide released during the desorption operation of the second adsorption tower 2 is discharged to the outside of the poorly ventilated environment through the second exhaust pipe 10.

[0143] The first adsorption tower 1 performs desorption, and the second adsorption tower 2 performs adsorption.

[0144] The second inlet valve 15, the second outlet valve 17, and the first purge valve 20 are opened, and the fan 7 operates. Air from the poorly ventilated environment enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the second inlet pipe 4, where carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the second adsorption tower 2, resulting in a low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas. Part of the low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas returns to the poorly ventilated environment through the second outlet pipe 6, while the other part enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first purge pipe 11 for purging. Simultaneously, the first exhaust valve 18 is opened, and the vacuum device 8 performs a vacuuming operation on the first adsorption tower 1. At the same time, the heating device 12 is turned on to heat the adsorbent in the first adsorption tower 1 to 200°C. The carbon dioxide released during the desorption operation of the first adsorption tower 1 is discharged to the outside of the poorly ventilated environment through the first exhaust pipe 9.

[0145] The first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2 cycle in this way, thereby continuously reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments, reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air from the original 420 ppm to below 20 ppm.

[0146] Example 2

[0147] Unlike Embodiment 1, the gas in the first purge pipeline 11 is first heated. After the gas in the first purge pipeline 11 enters the first adsorption tower 1 or the second adsorption tower 2, heat exchange occurs, raising the temperature of the first adsorption tower 1 or the second adsorption tower 2 to 100°C.

[0148] In this embodiment, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air can be reduced from 420 ppm to below 50 ppm.

[0149] If only the environment of the adsorbent is evacuated during the desorption process, the adsorbent regeneration effect will be poor. It can only reduce the carbon dioxide concentration in the air from the original 420ppm to 400ppm, and cannot effectively capture the low concentration of carbon dioxide in the air of the enclosed space.

[0150] Example 3

[0151] Unlike Examples 1 and 2, this example uses a three-tower setup and refines the process, achieving a lower carbon dioxide concentration than in Example 1 under the same operating conditions. The following operations can be performed during use:

[0152] The first adsorption tower 1 pressurizes the raw gas, while the second adsorption tower 2 and the third adsorption tower 21 perform pressure equalization operations.

[0153] When the first intake valve 14 is opened, the fan 7 starts working, and the air from the poorly ventilated environment enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first intake pipe 3, which pressurizes the first adsorption tower 1. The third purge valve 31 is opened, and the gas after adsorbing carbon dioxide enters the third adsorption tower 21 from the second adsorption tower 2 through the third purge pipe 26, which balances the pressure of the two towers.

[0154] The first adsorption tower 1 performs adsorption, the second adsorption tower 2 performs desorption, and the third adsorption tower 21 waits.

[0155] The first inlet valve 14, the first outlet valve 16, the first purge valve 20, and the second exhaust valve 19 are opened, and the fan 7 operates. Air from the poorly ventilated environment enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first inlet pipe 3, where carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the first adsorption tower 1, resulting in a low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas. Part of the low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas returns to the poorly ventilated environment through the first outlet pipe 5, while the other part enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the first purge pipe 11 for purging. Simultaneously, the second exhaust valve 19 is opened, and the vacuum device 8 performs a vacuuming operation on the second adsorption tower 2. At the same time, the heating device 12 is turned on to heat the adsorbent in the second adsorption tower 2 to 200°C. The carbon dioxide released during the desorption operation of the second adsorption tower 2 is discharged to the outside of the poorly ventilated environment through the second exhaust pipe 10.

[0156] The first adsorption tower 1 performs adsorption operations, the second adsorption tower 2 performs cooling operations, and the third adsorption tower 21 pressurizes light components.

[0157] The first inlet valve 14, the first outlet valve 16, and the second purge valve 30 are opened, and the fan 7 operates. Air from poorly ventilated environments enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first inlet pipe 3, where carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent, resulting in a low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas. Part of this low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas returns to the poorly ventilated environment through the first outlet pipe 5, while the other part enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the second purge pipe 25 for pressurization of the light components, thus increasing the pressure in the third adsorption tower 21. Simultaneously, the second adsorption tower 21 is cooled.

[0158] The first adsorption tower 1 and the second adsorption tower 2 are subjected to pressure equalization, while the third adsorption tower 21 is subjected to pressurization.

[0159] When the third intake valve 27 is opened, the fan 7 starts working. Air from poorly ventilated environments enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the third intake pipe 22, causing the third adsorption tower 21 to be pressurized. The first purge valve 20 is opened, and the air that has adsorbed carbon dioxide enters the second adsorption tower 2 from the first adsorption tower 1 through the first purge pipe 11, so that the pressure of the two towers is balanced.

[0160] The first adsorption tower 1 is undergoing purging operations, the second adsorption tower 2 is waiting, and the third adsorption tower 21 is performing adsorption operations.

[0161] The third inlet valve 27, the third outlet valve 28, the second purge valve 30, and the first exhaust valve 18 are opened, and the fan 7 operates. Air from the poorly ventilated environment enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the third inlet pipe 22, where carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the third adsorption tower 21, resulting in a low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas. Part of the low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas returns to the poorly ventilated environment through the third outlet pipe 23, while the other part enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the second purge pipe 25 for purging. Simultaneously, the first exhaust valve 18 is opened, and the vacuum device 8 performs a vacuuming operation on the first adsorption tower 1. At the same time, the heating device 12 is turned on to heat the adsorbent in the first adsorption tower 1 to 200°C. The carbon dioxide released during the desorption operation of the third adsorption tower 21 is discharged to the outside of the poorly ventilated environment through the second exhaust pipe 10.

[0162] The first adsorption tower 1 performs cooling operations, the second adsorption tower 2 pressurizes light components, and the third adsorption tower 21 performs adsorption operations.

[0163] The third inlet valve 27, the third outlet valve 28, and the third purge valve 31 are opened, and the fan 7 operates. Air from the poorly ventilated environment enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the third inlet pipe 22, where carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent, resulting in a low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas. Part of the low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas returns to the poorly ventilated environment through the third outlet pipe 23, while the other part enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the third purge pipe 26 for pressurization of the light components, increasing the pressure in the second adsorption tower 2. Simultaneously, the first adsorption tower 1 is cooled.

[0164] The first adsorption tower 1 and the third adsorption tower 21 are subjected to pressure equalization, while the second adsorption tower 2 is subjected to pressurization.

[0165] When the second intake valve 15 is opened, the fan 7 starts working. Air from poorly ventilated environments enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the second intake pipe 4, causing the second adsorption tower 2 to be pressurized. The second purge valve 30 is opened, and the air that has adsorbed carbon dioxide enters the first adsorption tower 1 from the third adsorption tower 21 through the purge pipe, so that the pressure of the two towers is balanced.

[0166] The first adsorption tower 1 waits, the second adsorption tower 2 performs adsorption, and the third adsorption tower 21 performs desorption.

[0167] The second inlet valve 15, the second outlet valve 17, the third purge valve 31, and the third exhaust valve 29 are opened, and the fan 7 operates. Air from the poorly ventilated environment enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the second inlet pipe 4, where carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the second adsorption tower 2, resulting in a low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas. Part of the low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas returns to the poorly ventilated environment through the second outlet pipe 6, while the other part enters the third adsorption tower 21 through the third purge pipe 26 for purging. Simultaneously, the third exhaust valve 29 is opened, and the vacuum device 8 performs a vacuuming operation on the third adsorption tower 21. At the same time, the heating device 12 is turned on to heat the adsorbent in the third adsorption tower 21 to 200°C. The carbon dioxide released during the desorption operation of the third adsorption tower 21 is discharged to the outside of the poorly ventilated environment through the third exhaust pipe 24.

[0168] The first adsorption tower 1 pressurizes the light components, the second adsorption tower 2 performs adsorption, and the third adsorption tower 21 performs cooling.

[0169] The second inlet valve 15, the second outlet valve 17, and the first purge valve 20 are opened, and the fan 7 operates. Air from the poorly ventilated environment enters the second adsorption tower 2 through the second inlet pipe 4, where carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the second adsorption tower 2, resulting in a low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas. Part of the low-concentration carbon dioxide product gas returns to the poorly ventilated environment through the second outlet pipe 6, while the other part enters the first adsorption tower 1 through the first purge pipe 11 for light component pressurization, increasing the pressure in the first adsorption tower 1. Simultaneously, the third adsorption tower 21 is cooled.

[0170] The first adsorption tower 1, the second adsorption tower 2, and the third adsorption tower 21 cycle in this way, thereby continuously reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in poorly ventilated environments, reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air from the original 420 ppm to below 20 ppm.

[0171] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for carbon dioxide adsorption in poorly ventilated environments, characterized in that, include: The first adsorption tower is filled with adsorbent, and the first adsorption tower is provided with a first inlet pipe and a first outlet pipe. The second adsorption tower is filled with the adsorbent, and a second inlet pipe and a second outlet pipe are provided on the second adsorption tower. A fan that connects the first air intake pipe and the second air intake pipe; A vacuum device is provided with a first suction pipe and a second suction pipe, the first suction pipe is also connected to a first air inlet pipe, and the second suction pipe is also connected to a second air inlet pipe. The first purge line is connected to the first outlet line and the second outlet line; A heating device is installed on the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower; A first intake valve is provided on the first intake pipe, and a second intake valve is provided on the second intake pipe; a first outlet valve is provided on the first outlet pipe, and a second outlet valve is provided on the second outlet pipe; a first suction valve is provided on the first suction pipe, and a second suction valve is provided on the second suction pipe; a first purge valve is provided on the first purge pipe. The connection point between the first extraction pipeline and the first inlet pipeline is located between the first inlet valve and the first adsorption tower; the connection point between the second extraction pipeline and the second inlet pipeline is located between the second inlet valve and the second adsorption tower; the connection point between the first purge pipeline and the first outlet pipeline is located between the first adsorption tower and the first outlet valve; and the connection point between the first purge pipeline and the second outlet pipeline is located between the second adsorption tower and the second outlet valve.

2. The apparatus for carbon dioxide adsorption in poorly ventilated environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The third adsorption tower is filled with the adsorbent. The third adsorption tower is provided with a third air inlet pipe and a third air outlet pipe. The fan is connected to the third air inlet pipe. The vacuum device is also provided with a third air extraction pipe, which is also connected to the third air inlet pipe. The second purging line is connected to the first outlet line and the third outlet line; The third purging line connects the second outlet line and the third outlet line; The heating device is also installed on the third adsorption tower; A third air intake valve is provided on the third air intake pipe, a third air outlet valve is provided on the third air outlet pipe, and a third air extraction valve is provided on the third air extraction pipe.

3. The apparatus for carbon dioxide adsorption in poorly ventilated environments according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The adsorbent includes one or more of zeolite molecular sieves, activated carbon, carbon molecular sieves, alumina, silica gel, or metal-organic frameworks.

4. A method for carbon dioxide adsorption in poorly ventilated environments, characterized in that, Using the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-3, the method comprises the following steps: S1: Absorb and capture carbon dioxide from the air using an adsorbent until the adsorbent is saturated, then proceed to S2; S2: The adsorbent is purged with air after carbon dioxide capture in S1, the environment in which the adsorbent is located is evacuated, and the adsorbent is heated to desorb and regenerate it, and then S1 is executed again. When the first adsorption tower is performing S1, the second adsorption tower is performing S2; When the first adsorption tower is performing S2, the second adsorption tower is performing S1.

5. The carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the air after carbon dioxide capture in step S1 is first heated, and then the adsorbent is purged while heat exchange is performed on the adsorbent, so that the adsorbent is heated.

6. The carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, specifically: S1a: Increase the air pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located; S1b: Carbon dioxide in the air is absorbed and captured by an adsorbent until the adsorbent is saturated; S1c: Reduce the atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located through pressure equalization operation; S1d: Execute S2; In step S2, specifically: S2a: The adsorbent is purged with air after carbon dioxide capture in S1b, the environment in which the adsorbent is located is evacuated, and the adsorbent is heated to desorb and regenerate the adsorbent. S2b: Cooling the adsorbent; S2c: Increase the air pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located through pressure equalization operation; S2d: Increases the air pressure of the environment in which the adsorbent is located by capturing carbon dioxide; S2e: Execute S1.

7. The carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adsorbent is filled in the adsorption tower, and there are three adsorption towers, which are respectively referred to as the first adsorption tower, the second adsorption tower and the third adsorption tower. The first adsorption tower performs S1a, the second adsorption tower performs S1c, and the third adsorption tower performs S2c. The first adsorption tower performs S1b, the second adsorption tower performs S2a, and the third adsorption tower is in a waiting state. The first adsorption tower performs S1b, the second adsorption tower performs S2b, and the third adsorption tower performs S1a; The first adsorption tower performs S1c, the second adsorption tower performs S2c, and the third adsorption tower performs S2c. The first adsorption tower performs S2a, the second adsorption tower is in a waiting state, and the third adsorption tower performs S1b. The first adsorption tower performs S2b, the second adsorption tower performs S2d, and the third adsorption tower performs S1b. The first adsorption tower performs S2c, the second adsorption tower performs S1a, and the third adsorption tower performs S1c. The first adsorption tower is in a waiting state, the second adsorption tower is executing S1b, and the third adsorption tower is executing S2a. The first adsorption tower performs S2d, the second adsorption tower performs S1b, and the third adsorption tower performs S2b.

8. The carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the heating temperature range of the adsorbent is 0-500℃.

9. The carbon dioxide adsorption method for poorly ventilated environments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ambient pressure range of the adsorbent in S2 is 0-1 bar.

Images