Speaker and electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a loudspeaker and an electronic device, and relate to the technical field of audio playing. The loudspeaker comprises a first magnetic member, a first magnetic guide member, a second magnetic guide member, a first voice coil and a first magnetic block. The first magnetic member has a first side and a second side. The first magnetic guide member is arranged on one side of the first side of the first magnetic member; the first magnetic guide member is arranged in a spaced manner with the first side to form at least part of a first magnetic gap with the first magnetic member. The second magnetic guide member is arranged on one side of the second side of the first magnetic member; the second magnetic guide member is arranged in a spaced manner with the second side to form at least part of a second magnetic gap with the first magnetic member. At least part of the first voice coil is arranged in the first magnetic gap. The first magnetic block is arranged in the second magnetic gap; the first magnetic block is configured to vibrate synchronously with the first voice coil after current is passed. The structural design of the loudspeaker can effectively and sufficiently compensate the stress of the voice coil without affecting the quality factor of the loudspeaker, and improve the loudness of the loudspeaker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of audio playback technology, and more particularly to a speaker and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Speakers are essential components in electronic devices such as headphones, smart glasses, and mobile phones, used to convert received electrical signals into sound signals to enable audio playback. With the development of electronic technology, users' requirements for the performance of electronic devices are gradually increasing; for example, the requirements for the loudness and sensitivity of speakers in electronic devices are also gradually increasing.

[0003] By increasing the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field in the voice coil of a loudspeaker, the loudness (i.e., the amplitude of the diaphragm) can be increased. However, on the one hand, increasing the magnetic flux density requires increasing the size of the magnet or the current transmitted in the voice coil, which can easily lead to an increase in the manufacturing cost or power consumption of the loudspeaker. On the other hand, as the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field in the voice coil increases, the quality factor of the loudspeaker will gradually decrease, which can easily lead to damage to the sound quality of the loudspeaker, especially affecting the low-frequency response of low-frequency loudspeakers.

[0004] How to improve the loudness of a speaker while ensuring its sound quality has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a loudspeaker and an electronic device, the purpose of which is to fully compensate for the stress on the voice coil without affecting the speaker's quality factor, thereby effectively improving the loudspeaker's loudness.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, a loudspeaker is provided, the loudspeaker including a first magnetic element, a first magnetic conductor, a second magnetic conductor, a first voice coil, and a first magnetic block.

[0008] In this design, the two magnetic poles of the first magnetic element are arranged along a first direction; the first magnetic element has a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other, at least one of the first side and the second side being parallel to the first direction. A first magnetically conductive element is disposed on one side of the first side of the first magnetic element; the first magnetically conductive element is spaced apart from the first side to form at least a portion of a first magnetic gap with the first magnetic element. A second magnetically conductive element is disposed on one side of the second side of the first magnetic element; the second magnetically conductive element is spaced apart from the second side to form at least a portion of a second magnetic gap with the first magnetic element. At least a portion of a first voice coil is disposed within the first magnetic gap. A first magnetic block is disposed within the second magnetic gap; the first magnetic block is configured to vibrate synchronously with the first voice coil after an current is applied.

[0009] In the loudspeaker provided in this application embodiment, by setting a first magnetic block connected to the first voice coil, the driving force of the first voice coil can be compensated, that is, the thrust in the loudspeaker is increased. Thus, the amplitude of the loudspeaker is enhanced without enhancing the magnetic field of the loudspeaker, without increasing the cost or power consumption excessively, and without losing the quality factor of the loudspeaker, thus taking into account both the loudness and sound quality of the loudspeaker.

[0010] Furthermore, by placing the first voice coil in the first magnetic gap and the first magnet in the second magnetic gap, the magnetic field of the first voice coil and the magnetic field of the first magnet can be decoupled, avoiding the situation where the first voice coil and the first magnet share the same magnetic field and interfere with each other. Thus, the force on the first magnet can be fully enhanced without affecting the first voice coil, thereby widening the upper limit of the loudspeaker's loudness enhancement.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the loudspeaker further includes a diaphragm, a first frame, and a second frame. The diaphragm extends in a direction intersecting the first direction; the diaphragm is disposed on one side of the first magnetic element and spaced apart from it. A first voice coil is disposed on the first frame, and a first magnet is disposed on the second frame; both the first and second frames are connected to the diaphragm to achieve synchronous vibration between the first voice coil and the first magnet.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the loudspeaker further includes a frame and a spider. The frame has a concave receiving cavity. The spider is disposed within the receiving cavity, with one end connected to the inner wall of the cavity and the other end connected to a first or second frame to correct the position of the first voice coil and the first magnet that have shifted in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the loudspeaker further includes a second magnet and a third magnet disposed on both sides of the first voice coil along a first direction.

[0014] During the movement of the first voice coil, it can drive the second and third magnetic blocks to move synchronously in the first magnetic gap. Under the combined action of their own magnetic fields and the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic component in the first magnetic gap, the second and third magnetic blocks are subjected to static magnetic force, and the direction of the force is the same as the direction of the Lorentz force on the first voice coil. This can further compensate for the force on the first voice coil, thereby further increasing the amplitude of the first voice coil and enhancing the loudness of the speaker.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first magnetic element has a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other, the first end face and the second end face being perpendicular to the first direction.

[0016] The loudspeaker also includes a third magnetic conductor and a fourth magnetic conductor. The third magnetic conductor is disposed on the first end face, with its surface near the first magnetic conductor spaced apart to form a portion of a first magnetic gap. The surface near the second magnetic conductor is also spaced apart to form a portion of a second magnetic gap. The fourth magnetic conductor is disposed on the second end face.

[0017] By arranging the third magnetic conductor at intervals from the first and second magnetic conductors, the first voice coil can move smoothly within the first magnetic gap, and the first magnetic block can move smoothly within the second magnetic gap. Furthermore, by providing the third magnetic conductor on the first end face of the first magnetic conductor, a complete magnetic circuit can be formed between the first magnetic conductor, the third magnetic conductor, and the first magnetic conductor. This third magnetic conductor can concentrate the magnetic dipoles of the first magnetic conductor into the first magnetic gap through the magnetic circuit, thereby significantly enhancing the magnetic field strength in the first magnetic gap. Similarly, the magnetic field strength in the second magnetic gap can also be significantly enhanced. The fourth magnetic conductor, similarly, can also significantly enhance the magnetic field strength in both the first and second magnetic gaps.

[0018] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the end of the fourth magnetic element closest to the first magnetic element is connected to the first magnetic element.

[0019] The loudspeaker also includes a second magnetic element. The second magnetic element is disposed on the surface of the third magnetic element away from the first magnetic element, and at the end of the third magnetic element near the first magnetic element; the two magnetic poles of the second magnetic element are arranged along a first direction, and the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the second magnetic element is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the first magnetic element.

[0020] By setting a second magnetic component and setting the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the second magnetic component to be opposite to the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the first magnetic component, the magnetic field distribution at the first end face of the first magnetic component can be corrected so that it is the same as the magnetic field distribution at the second end face of the first magnetic component, thereby improving the sound quality of the speaker.

[0021] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the end of the fourth magnetic element closest to the first magnetic element is spaced apart from the first magnetic element to form another part of the first magnetic gap.

[0022] The loudspeaker also includes a second voice coil. This second voice coil is fixedly connected to the first voice coil and is configured to transmit a current in the opposite direction to the current transmitted by the first voice coil. At least a portion of the first voice coil is disposed between a third magnetic element and the first magnetic element, and at least a portion of the second voice coil is disposed between a fourth magnetic element and the first magnetic element. This allows the Lorentz force acting on the second voice coil to compensate for the force on the first voice coil, further increasing the thrust on the first voice coil and thus further increasing the loudspeaker's loudness.

[0023] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the side of the fourth magnetic element closest to the second magnetic element is spaced apart from the second magnetic element to form another part of the second magnetic gap, so that the magnetic field distribution of the first magnetic block is the same during its upward and downward movements, that is, the magnitude of the static magnetic force is the same, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the speaker's sound quality.

[0024] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the second side of the first magnetic element is recessed toward the first side to enhance the magnetic field strength within the second magnetic gap, or it protrudes away from the first side to achieve centering of the first magnetic block.

[0025] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first magnetic block is magnetic or magnetically conductive.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, at least one of the first magnetic element and the second magnetic element has a magnetized region; and / or, in the case where the loudspeaker includes at least one of the second magnetic block, the third magnetic block, the third magnetic element, and the fourth magnetic element, at least one of the second magnetic block, the third magnetic block, the third magnetic element, and the fourth magnetic element has a magnetized region.

[0027] The direction of the magnetic field lines inside the magnetized area is the same as the direction of the magnetic field lines of the first magnetic component at the position of the magnetized area, thereby enhancing the strength of the magnetic field of the first voice coil and the first magnetic block, and further improving the loudness of the speaker.

[0028] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first magnetic element is disposed around the first magnetic conductive element, and the second magnetic conductive element is disposed around the first magnetic element; or, the first magnetic element is disposed around the second magnetic conductive element, and the first magnetic conductive element is disposed around the first magnetic element.

[0029] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising a housing and a speaker as provided in any embodiment of the first aspect. The speaker is disposed inside the housing.

[0030] The technical effects brought about by the electronic devices in the second aspect can be seen in the technical effects brought about by the design of the loudspeakers in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 An exploded view of the speaker structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 For along Figure 2A cross-sectional view of the speaker in its assembled state, with section line A-A' in the figure;

[0034] Figure 4 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a displacement-static magnetostatic analysis diagram and a displacement-negative stiffness analysis diagram corresponding to a loudspeaker;

[0036] Figure 6 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 This is another displacement-static magnetostatic analysis diagram and a displacement-negative stiffness analysis diagram corresponding to the loudspeaker;

[0039] Figure 9 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 The magnetic field distribution diagram of the loudspeaker provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figures 11-19 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 20 This is another displacement-static magnetostatic analysis diagram and a displacement-negative stiffness analysis diagram for the loudspeaker. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0045] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "exemplary," or "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] Hereinafter, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0047] In describing some embodiments, the term "connection" and its derivative expressions may be used. The term "connection" should be interpreted broadly; for example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the content of this document.

[0048] "At least one of A, B and C" has the same meaning as "at least one of A, B or C", both including the following combinations of A, B and C: only A, only B, only C, combinations of A and B, combinations of A and C, combinations of B and C, and combinations of A, B and C.

[0049] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0050] As used herein, “parallel,” “perpendicular,” and “equal” include the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable range of deviation, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate parallelism may be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, within 5°; “equal” includes absolute equality and approximate equality, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate equality may be, for example, a difference between the two equals being less than or equal to 5% of either one.

[0051] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is enlarged for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings are contemplated due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing processes. Thus, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the regions of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0052] Furthermore, the scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0053] This application provides an electronic device, which can be, for example, headphones, speakers, mobile phones, tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), televisions, smart wearable products (e.g., smartwatches, smart bracelets), virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, rechargeable small household appliances (e.g., soymilk makers, robot vacuum cleaners), drones, radar, aerospace equipment, in-vehicle equipment, vehicles, power systems, and other types of user devices or terminal devices capable of being configured with speakers to achieve audio playback functions. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific form of the electronic device.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0055] Understandable, Figure 1 The structure of electronic device 1000 is illustrated by taking it as an example of a headset, rather than limiting the type of electronic device 1000.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 1000 may include a speaker 100 and a housing 200, the speaker 100 being disposed within the housing 200.

[0057] The loudspeaker 100 is a device that converts electrical signals into sound signals. The loudspeaker 100 can also be called a horn or an amplifier.

[0058] For example, the speaker 100 can be a moving coil speaker.

[0059] The housing 200 serves as a protective structure to house the speaker 100 and protect it from external damage.

[0060] For example, see Figure 1 The housing 200 may have an opening, and the sound-emitting side of the speaker 100 (e.g., the side where the diaphragm is located) may face the opening of the housing so that the sound emitted by the speaker 100 can be transmitted to the outside of the housing 200.

[0061] For example, the electronic device 1000 may also include a larger... Figure 1 The additional structures shown may include, for example, a processor, or may include, for example, a processor. Figure 1 The headband, ear pads, and other structures shown are not limited in this application.

[0062] With the rapid development of electronic technology, the performance of the speaker 100 in the electronic device 1000, such as sound pressure level (SPL), sensitivity, and sound quality (which can be characterized by quality factor), also needs to be improved accordingly in order to meet the needs of users.

[0063] Sound pressure level is used to represent the magnitude of sound pressure or the intensity of sound (approximately equal to loudness), and its unit is decibel (dB).

[0064] In related technologies, a loudspeaker includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system. The vibration system includes a voice coil and a diaphragm located on one side of the voice coil and connected to it. The magnetic circuit system includes a magnet and a fixed iron piece, with a magnetic gap formed between the magnet and the fixed iron piece. The magnet generates a magnetic field within this magnetic gap, and the voice coil is disposed within the magnetic gap. When an electric current is passed through the voice coil, the energized voice coil generates a Lorentz force in the magnetic field. This Lorentz force drives the voice coil to move in a direction parallel to the voice coil axis, thereby causing the diaphragm to vibrate, which in turn drives the air to vibrate and produce sound.

[0065] In the loudspeaker provided by this related technology, the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field where the voice coil is located is relatively weak, which makes the Lorentz force on the voice coil smaller during movement, resulting in a smaller vibration amplitude of the diaphragm and affecting the sound pressure level (i.e. loudness) of the loudspeaker.

[0066] To address the aforementioned technical problem (improving sound pressure level), this application also provides a loudspeaker 100.

[0067] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of the loudspeaker 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 For along Figure 2The cross-sectional view of speaker 100 in its assembled state, with section line A-A'. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 in another assembled state.

[0068] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the loudspeaker 100 includes a first magnetic element 11, a first magnetic conductor 21, a second magnetic conductor 22, a first voice coil 31, and a first magnetic block 41.

[0069] The first magnetic element 11 is magnetic, for example, a permanent magnet, and the two magnetic poles (N pole and S pole) of the first magnetic element 11 are arranged along the first direction X.

[0070] For example, the upward (with) of the first magnetic element 11 Figure 3 Taking the orientation of the first magnetic element 11 as an example, the end facing upwards is the N pole, and the end facing downwards is the S pole. Inside the first magnetic element 11, the magnetic field lines of the first magnetic element 11 point from bottom to top (i.e., the S pole points to the N pole), and outside the first magnetic element 11, the magnetic field lines of the first magnetic element 11 point from top to bottom (i.e., the N pole points to the S pole). Alternatively, for example, the upward end of the first magnetic element 11 can be the S pole, and the downward end can be the N pole; this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0071] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first magnetic element 11 has a first side surface 11A and a second side surface 11B disposed opposite to each other, and at least one of the first side surface 11A and the second side surface 11B is parallel to the first direction X.

[0072] For example, see Figure 2 The first magnetic element 11 can be ring-shaped, with the inner surface of the ring structure serving as the first side surface 11A and the outer surface of the ring structure serving as the second side surface 11B.

[0073] It is understandable that the term "parallel" here is only to indicate that the extension direction of at least one of the first side 11A and the second side 11B is approximately the same as the extension direction of the first direction X. It does not restrict that at least one of the first side 11A and the second side 11B is completely parallel to the first direction X. For example, the first side 11A can be approximately parallel to the first direction X, that is, the two can be completely parallel, or they can have a certain angle. Of course, the angle can be acute, obtuse, etc.

[0074] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first magnetic conductive element 21 is disposed on one side of the first side surface 11A of the first magnetic element 11, and the first magnetic conductive element 21 and the first side surface 11A of the first magnetic element 11 are spaced apart to form at least a portion of the first magnetic gap H1.

[0075] Wherein, "at least a portion of the first magnetic gap H1" means that the first magnetic conductive element 21 and the first magnetic element 11 can directly form the first magnetic gap H1 (e.g., Figure 3 and Figure 4 (as shown), or it forms part of the first magnetic gap H1, for example, in the subsequent Figure 7 In the structure shown, the gap between the first magnetic conductive element 21 and the first magnetic element 11 is only a part of the first magnetic gap H1, which also includes the gap between the third magnetic conductive element 23 and the first magnetic conductive element 21.

[0076] It is understandable that the magnetic field lines emitted by the first magnetic element 11 and located in the first magnetic gap H1 are approximately perpendicular to the first direction X. That is, a magnetic field with a direction perpendicular to the first direction X is formed in the first magnetic gap H1. When the first voice coil 31 is set in the first magnetic gap H1, this magnetic field can cause the first voice coil 31, which carries current, to move along the first direction X, thereby driving the diaphragm and other sound-producing structures to emit sound.

[0077] For example, the first magnetically conductive element 21 is magnetic or magnetically conductive, thereby facilitating the formation of a magnetic field between the first magnetically conductive element 21 and the first magnetic element 11 (especially within the first magnetic gap H1).

[0078] For example, the material of the first magnetic conductive element 21 may include neodymium iron boron, iron, low carbon steel, iron-aluminum or nickel-iron, etc.

[0079] For example, when the first magnetic conductive element 21 is magnetic, the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the first magnetic conductive element 21 is the same as the direction of the magnetic field lines of the first magnetic element 11 at the location of the first magnetic conductive element 21, that is, opposite to the magnetization direction of the first magnetic element 11.

[0080] By setting the first magnetic conductive element 21 to be magnetic, the magnetic field strength between the first magnetic element 11 and the first magnetic conductive element 21 can be enhanced, that is, the magnetic field strength in the first magnetic gap H1 can be enhanced, thereby increasing the Lorentz force experienced by the first voice coil 31 when it is in the first magnetic gap H1, which is beneficial to increasing the amplitude of the first voice coil 31 (that is, the amplitude of the diaphragm), thereby increasing the loudness (that is, the sound pressure level) of the loudspeaker 100.

[0081] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second magnetic conductive element 22 is disposed on one side of the second side surface 11B of the first magnetic element 11, and the second magnetic conductive element 22 is spaced apart from the second side surface 11B of the first magnetic element 11 to form at least a portion of the second magnetic gap H2.

[0082] Wherein, "at least a portion of the second magnetic gap H2" means that a second magnetic gap H2 can be directly formed between the second magnetic conductive element 22 and the first magnetic element 11 (e.g., Figure 3 and Figure 4 ), or it forms part of the second magnetic gap H2, for example, in Figure 7 In the structure shown, the gap between the second magnetic element 22 and the first magnetic element 11 is only a part of the second magnetic gap H2, which also includes the gap between the third magnetic element 23 and the second magnetic element 22.

[0083] For example, the material and other features of the second magnetic conductive element 22 can be the same as those of the first magnetic conductive element 21, which will not be described in detail here.

[0084] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 At least a portion of the first voice coil 31 is disposed within the first magnetic gap H1. That is, at least a portion of the first voice coil 31 is in a magnetic field in which the magnetic field lines are perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0085] For example, see Figure 2 The first voice coil 31 can be a coil made of wire, such as enameled wire wound on a frame (e.g., the first frame 71).

[0086] For example, the first voice coil 31 has a sheet-like annular structure and is lightweight so that it can achieve high-frequency vibration, thereby driving the vibration of structures such as diaphragms, thereby driving the air to produce sound.

[0087] Understandably, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The axis Li of the first voice coil 31 is the same as the first direction X. A magnetic field perpendicular to the axis Li of the first voice coil 31 is transmitted in the first magnetic gap H1. According to the left-hand rule, this magnetic field can cause the first voice coil 31 to be subjected to Lorentz force when current is transmitted in the first voice coil 31. The direction of the force is parallel to the extension direction of the axis Li of the first voice coil 31. The Lorentz force drives the first voice coil 31 to cut the magnetic field lines in the first magnetic gap H1, that is, drives the first voice coil 31 to move along its axial direction (i.e., the first direction X).

[0088] Understandably, the first voice coil 31 is configured to transmit alternating current in order to achieve reciprocating motion of the first voice coil 31 in the first magnetic gap H1.

[0089] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first magnetic block 41 is disposed within the second magnetic gap H2. That is, the first magnetic block 41 is in a magnetic field in which the direction of the magnetic field lines is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0090] For example, the first magnetic block 41 may be magnetic or magnetically conductive. For instance, the first magnetic block 41 may be a permanent magnet or soft iron, or the material of the first magnetic block 41 may include neodymium iron boron, iron, low carbon steel, iron-aluminum or nickel-iron, etc.

[0091] It is understandable that the aforementioned "magnetic permeability" refers to the ability or property of having magnetic permeability under the influence of a magnetic field.

[0092] When the first magnetic block 41, which has magnetic properties or is magnetically conductive, is placed in the magnetic field of the second magnetic gap H2, it will generate a magnetic field with a direction opposite to that of the first magnetic component 11. At this time, the first magnetic block 41 is subjected to a static magnetic force under the action of its own magnetic field and the magnetic field of the first magnetic component 11. Figure 3 and Figure 4 (Taking the orientation in the middle as an example) When moving, the first magnetic block 41 will be subjected to an upward static magnetic force, and when the first magnetic block 41 moves downward, the first magnetic block 41 will be subjected to a downward static magnetic force.

[0093] The first magnetic block 41 is configured to vibrate synchronously with the first voice coil 31 after the current is applied.

[0094] For example, the first magnetic block 41 can be connected to the first voice coil 31, so that when the first voice coil 31 moves, the first magnetic block 41 will move synchronously within the second magnetic gap H2.

[0095] It should be noted that the term "synchronous vibration" here only describes the mutual influence and follow-up characteristics of the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41, rather than restricting them to performing strictly synchronized movements at any given time. For example, during the initial current flow, the first voice coil 31 is displaced under the combined action of the magnetic field generated by the current and the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic component 11 (i.e., under the action of Lorentz force), thereby causing the first magnetic block 41 connected to the first voice coil 31 to displace as well. The first magnetic block 41, which has undergone passive displacement, is subjected to static magnetic force under the combined action of its own magnetic field and the magnetic field of the first magnetic component 11, resulting in additional displacement. This, in turn, causes a further displacement of the first voice coil 31 connected to the first magnetic block 41, thus compensating for the force on the first voice coil 31. Therefore, the aforementioned "synchronous vibration" can be understood as the two moving in tandem.

[0096] In related technologies, without the first magnet 41, the vibration system model of the loudspeaker is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] Where F0(N) is the electromagnetic force introduced by energizing the first voice coil, s(N / m) is the stiffness introduced by the elastic system (including air stiffness and mechanical stiffness of the first voice coil, diaphragm, and other structures), m(kg) is the equivalent vibrating mass, t(s) is time, r(N×s / m) is frictional damping, and ω is the angular frequency of vibration.

[0099] The solution for the speaker's amplitude can be derived from this vibration system model:

[0100]

[0101] The first term is the steady-state term, and the second term is the transient term that decays over time. The resonant angular frequency when there is no frictional resistance; Indicates damping; This represents static displacement.

[0102] Therefore, it can be concluded that during low-frequency vibration, i.e., when ω << ω0, the amplitude... At this point, the amplitude x is mainly controlled by the applied electromagnetic force F0 and the stiffness s.

[0103] As can be seen from the above formula, in order to increase the loudness of the loudspeaker (i.e., increase the amplitude), it is necessary to increase the thrust F0 (i.e., electromagnetic force) or decrease the stiffness s.

[0104] In order to increase the thrust F, it is necessary to strengthen the magnetic field or increase the current. Strengthening the magnetic field requires increasing the volume of the magnet in the speaker, which increases the cost, while increasing the current will also lead to an increase in the overall power consumption of the speaker.

[0105] In the loudspeaker 100 provided in this application embodiment, by providing a first magnetic block 41 connected to the first voice coil 31, the first magnetic block 41 in the magnetic field is subjected to a static magnetic force, thereby introducing a static magnetic force F into the loudspeaker 100. mag =s mag ×x, to achieve force compensation for the first voice coil 31, where s mag For negative stiffness, negative stiffness s mag The larger the value, the greater the introduced static magnetic force F. mag The larger the value, the greater the compensation for the force on the first voice coil 31.

[0106] In the embodiments provided in this application, the vibration system model of the loudspeaker 100 becomes:

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] Based on this vibration system model, the solution for the amplitude of loudspeaker 100 can be derived as follows:

[0110]

[0111] Therefore, in the embodiments provided in this application, when the vibration is at low frequency, i.e., when ω << ω0, the amplitude is... At this point, the amplitude x is mainly determined by the applied electromagnetic force F0, stiffness s, and negative stiffness s. mag Control is achieved by introducing a negative stiffness s, while keeping the electromagnetic force F0 constant (i.e., the magnetic field strength and the input current in the voice coil remain constant to avoid increasing cost or power consumption) and the stiffness s constant (i.e., the air stiffness and the mechanical stiffness of the structure remain constant). mag Or increase the negative stiffness s mag This can effectively increase the amplitude x of the speaker 100, thereby enhancing the loudness of the speaker 100.

[0112] That is, the embodiments provided in this application can enhance the amplitude of the loudspeaker 100 without increasing the magnetic field of the loudspeaker 100, thereby avoiding increased costs, and without increasing the current input to the first voice coil 31, thereby avoiding increased power consumption.

[0113] Furthermore, in the embodiments provided in this application, by respectively arranging the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 in different magnetic gaps, a balance between the loudness and sensitivity of the loudspeaker 100 can be achieved, as detailed below:

[0114] The quality factor of the power system in a loudspeaker can be:

[0115]

[0116] Where f0 refers to the resonant frequency of loudspeaker 100, M ms This refers to the equivalent vibrating mass of loudspeaker 100, R. e B refers to the DC resistance, B refers to the strength of the magnetic field (i.e., magnetic induction intensity) where the first voice coil 31 is located, L is the length of the coil of the first voice coil 31, and BL can represent the electromagnetic force F0 experienced by the first voice coil 31.

[0117] According to the formula for the quality factor of speaker 100, the magnetic field strength cannot be increased indefinitely. As the magnetic induction intensity B increases, the quality factor of the speaker will decrease, which will cause a decrease in sensitivity near the low frequency f0, resulting in a significant impact on the sound quality of speaker 100, especially the sound quality at low frequencies.

[0118] In the embodiments provided in this application, by placing the first voice coil 31 in the first magnetic gap H1 and the first magnetic block 41 in the second magnetic gap H2, the magnetic field of the first voice coil 31 and the magnetic field of the first magnetic block 41 can be decoupled, avoiding the situation where the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 share a magnetic field, causing them to interfere with each other. For example, if it is desired to further increase the static magnetic force on the first magnetic block 41 when the two share a magnetic field, under the constraint of the size of the first magnetic block 41 (constrained by the size of the first magnetic gap H1), it is necessary to increase the strength of the shared magnetic field. However, according to the above description, if the strength of the magnetic field of the first voice coil 31 is too large, it will cause the sound quality of the speaker 100 to be damaged. Therefore, when the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 share a magnetic field, it is impossible to achieve the desired static magnetic force on the first magnetic block 41. The significant enhancement of magnetic force also limits the increase in loudness of the speaker 100. However, in the embodiment provided in this application, the magnetic fields of the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 are decoupled (one is located in the first magnetic gap H1 and the other is located in the second magnetic gap H2). This allows for adjustment of the force on the first magnetic block 41 without significantly affecting the force on the first voice coil 31. For example, the force (static magnetic force) on the first magnetic block 41 can be enhanced by increasing the size of the first magnetic block 41, or by adjusting the size of the second magnetic conductor 22, the third magnetic conductor 23 or the fourth magnetic conductor 24, or by adjusting the material of some of the second magnetic conductor 22 or the fourth magnetic conductor 24 to be permanent magnets. This achieves sufficient compensation for the driving force on the first voice coil 31, that is, it can broaden the upper limit of the loudness enhancement of the speaker 100.

[0119] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the displacement-static magnetic force and displacement-negative stiffness of the first magnetic block 41 during the movement of the first voice coil 31 within the first magnetic gap H1.

[0120] In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the vibration displacement of the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 under the action of electromagnetic force and static magnetic force. The position with a displacement of 0 mm corresponds to the center position of the second magnetic gap H2. The left vertical axis represents the static magnetic force on the first magnetic block 41, and the right vertical axis represents the negative stiffness introduced by the first magnetic block 41.

[0121] See Figure 5 The closer to the center of the second magnetic gap H2, the smaller the static magnetic force and the almost non-existent negative stiffness. Conversely, the farther away from the center of the second magnetic gap H2 (i.e., the displacement towards the upper and lower ends of the second magnetic gap H2, i.e., the positive and negative strokes), the greater the static magnetic force and the greater the negative stiffness of the first magnetic block 41.

[0122] It is understandable that during the movement of the first voice coil 31, the displacement of the first voice coil 31 in the positive stroke (i.e., the displacement in the direction greater than 0, for example, towards) Figure 4During the upward displacement, the force is positive (e.g., upward) Lorentz force, while during the negative displacement (i.e., displacement in the direction less than 0, e.g., towards) the displacement in the direction of the upward displacement. Figure 4 The lower displacement is subjected to a negative (e.g., downward) Lorentz force.

[0123] And by Figure 5 It can be seen that during the vibration process, the direction of the static magnetic force on the first magnetic block 41 is the same as the direction of the Lorentz magnetic force on the first voice coil 31 (that is, the positive stroke is subjected to a positive force and the negative stroke is subjected to a negative force), which successfully compensates for the force on the first voice coil 31, successfully introduces negative stiffness, thereby increasing the amplitude and improving the loudness of the speaker 100.

[0124] In some embodiments, the structures in the aforementioned speaker 100 may be circular, square, elliptical, racetrack-shaped, or ring-shaped as described in the aforementioned figures. For example, see [reference needed]. Figure 2 The first magnetic conductor 21, the second magnetic conductor 22, etc. in the loudspeaker 100 can all be in the shape of a ring, and this application does not limit this.

[0125] In some embodiments, the speaker 100 may be an external magnetic structure or an internal magnetic structure, and this application does not limit this.

[0126] For example, see Figure 3 The loudspeaker 100 has an external magnetic structure, with a first magnetic element 11 surrounding a first magnetic conductor 21 and a second magnetic conductor 22 surrounding the first magnetic element 11.

[0127] Or, for example, see Figure 4 The speaker 100 has an internal magnetic structure, with the first magnetic element 11 surrounding the second magnetic element 22 and the first magnetic element 21 surrounding the first magnetic element 11.

[0128] Understandable, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The structure shown is a cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The various structures within can rotate about the axis Li of the first voice coil 31 to form a cylindrical or cylindrical shape. It is understandable that... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The dimensions of each component are exemplary, and this application does not limit the specific dimensions of each component.

[0129] Figure 6 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0130] See Figure 6 The aforementioned speaker 100 may also include, but is not limited to, the following structures:

[0131] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the speaker 100 may also include a frame 5.

[0132] For example, see Figure 6 The frame 5 has a concave receiving cavity Q, and the aforementioned structure of the speaker 100 is disposed in the receiving cavity Q.

[0133] For example, the material of the basin frame 5 may include materials with high rigidity such as carbon steel and aluminum alloy.

[0134] For example, see Figure 6 The frame 5 can be conical and surround the outside of the sound-generating structure composed of the first magnetic element 11, the first magnetic conductor 21, the second magnetic conductor, the first voice coil 31, and the first magnetic block 41, so as to improve the sound uniformity of the loudspeaker 100.

[0135] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the loudspeaker 100 may also include a diaphragm 61. The diaphragm 61 is connected to the first voice coil 31 so that it vibrates and produces sound under the drive of the first voice coil 31.

[0136] Among them, see Figure 6 The diaphragm 61 extends in a direction that intersects the first direction X. For example, the diaphragm 61 may be perpendicular to the first direction X, or the diaphragm 61 may be angled relative to the first direction X.

[0137] See Figure 6 The diaphragm 61 is disposed on one side of the first magnetic element 11 and is spaced apart from the first magnetic element 11. The gap between the diaphragm 61 and the first magnetic element 11 provides space for the vibration of the diaphragm 61.

[0138] For example, see Figure 6 The aforementioned first magnetic component 11 and other structures are disposed inside the basin frame 5, and the diaphragm 61 can be disposed at the opening of the aforementioned basin frame 5 and connected to the inner wall of the receiving cavity Q.

[0139] For example, the material of the diaphragm 61 may include paper, plastic, metal or fiber, or the material of the diaphragm 61 may include one or more of silicone, rubber, liquid crystal polymer or polyimide, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0140] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The loudspeaker 100 may also include a suspension 62, also known as a surround. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the suspension edge 62 is nested around the periphery of the diaphragm 61. The inner side of the suspension edge 62 is as follows: Figure 6The diaphragm 61 is bonded to the periphery of the diaphragm 61, and the outer side of the suspension edge 62 is bonded to the frame 5, so that the diaphragm 61 can be connected to the frame 5 through the suspension edge 62.

[0141] For example, the suspension edge 62 is made of an elastic material, such as rubber. The suspension edge 62 is relatively soft compared to the diaphragm 61, so that a flexible connection between the diaphragm 61 and the frame 5 can be achieved through the suspension edge 62, so as to increase the amplitude of the diaphragm 61 and thus increase the loudness of the speaker 100.

[0142] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The speaker 100 may also include a first frame 71 and a second frame 72.

[0143] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The first voice coil 31 is disposed on the first frame 71. For example, the first frame 71 is cylindrical, and the first voice coil 31 is wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical first frame 71 in order to fix the position of the first voice coil 31, so that at least a part of the first voice coil 31 can move within the range of the first magnetic gap H1.

[0144] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The first magnetic block 41 is disposed on the second frame 72, for example, the first magnetic block 41 is fixed below the second frame 72 (to... Figure 6 (Taking the orientation in the middle as an example), so as to fix the position of the first magnetic block 41, so that the first magnetic block 41 can move within the range of the second magnetic gap H2.

[0145] For example, the first frame 71 can be connected to the second frame 72 so that the first voice coil 31 and the first magnet 41 are connected to achieve synchronous vibration between them.

[0146] In this case, the first frame 71 is connected to the diaphragm 61, or the second frame 72 is connected to the diaphragm 61, and the diaphragm 61 can be vibrated and produce sound by the movement of the first voice coil 31.

[0147] Or, see Figure 6 The first frame 71 and the second frame 72 are both connected to the diaphragm 61, thereby achieving synchronous vibration of the first voice coil 31 and the first magnet 41 through the diaphragm 61, and realizing the connection between the first voice coil 31 and the diaphragm 61 so that the first voice coil 31 drives the diaphragm 61 to vibrate and produce sound.

[0148] For example, the materials of the first skeleton 71 and the second skeleton 72 may include aluminum, glass fiber or other rigid materials.

[0149] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the speaker 100 may also include a spider 8.

[0150] For example, the wave 8 can be in the form of a ring structure (see...). Figure 2 See also Figure 6 After the elastic wave 8 is cut, the cross-section of the elastic wave 8 shows an uneven corrugated structure. The more corrugated structures, the shallower the depth of the corrugations, and the thinner the material constituting the elastic wave 8, the greater the elasticity of the elastic wave 8.

[0151] For example, the material of the elastic wave 8 may include cotton cloth, polyester fiber cloth, blended fabric, and other materials with good tensile strength, not easy to crack, and good fatigue resistance.

[0152] For example, the spring 8 is disposed within the receiving cavity Q of the basin frame 5, with one end of the spring 8 connected to the inner wall of the receiving cavity Q and the other end connected to the first frame 71 or the second frame 72. For example, see Figure 6 When the second frame 72 is located outside the first frame 71 (i.e., the speaker 100 has an external magnetic structure), the spider 8 is connected to the second frame 72.

[0153] The spider 8, connected to the first frame 71 or the second frame 72, can provide a restoring force perpendicular to the first direction X for the first voice coil 31. During the movement of the first voice coil 31 and the first magnet 41, or during the use of the speaker 100, the first voice coil 31 and / or the first magnet 41 may deform in the direction perpendicular to the first direction X, affecting the normal vibration of the first voice coil 31 and thus affecting the sound quality. By setting the spider 8, the position of the first voice coil 31 and the first magnet 41 that have shifted in the direction perpendicular to the first direction X can be corrected.

[0154] For example, the spring wave 8 may also include other connection methods that enable the first voice coil 31 to be positioned perpendicular to the first direction X. This application embodiment is only illustrated by connecting the spring wave 8 to the frame 5 and the second frame 72 respectively, and does not limit its specific setting position and connection method.

[0155] Figure 7 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 provided in the embodiments of this application is shown. It is understood that... Figure 7 The cross-sectional view shown in the following figures can be a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the loudspeaker 100, or, Figure 7The cross-sectional views shown in the following figures are only partial cross-sectional views of the loudspeaker 100, for example, Figure 7 The cross-sectional view shown in the subsequent figures can also be formed by rotating the axis of rotation, as shown below. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The external magnetic structure and internal magnetic structure are shown.

[0156] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the speaker 100 may also include a second magnet 42 and a third magnet 43.

[0157] See Figure 7 The second magnet 42 and the third magnet 43 are arranged on both sides of the first voice coil 31 along the first direction X.

[0158] For example, the second magnetic block 42 and the third magnetic block 43 can be fixed to the first frame 71. For instance, the second magnetic block 42 and the third magnetic block 43 are both annular and surround the side wall of the cylindrical first frame 71 so that the second magnetic block 42 and the third magnetic block 43 can move in the first magnetic gap H1 under the drive of the first frame 71.

[0159] For example, both the second magnetic block 42 and the third magnetic block 43 can be magnetic or magnetically conductive. When the second magnetic block 42 and the third magnetic block 43 are magnetic, the direction of their magnetic field lines can be perpendicular to the first direction X, and point from the first magnetic element 11 to the first magnetically conductive element 21 (see...). Figure 7 That is, the direction of the magnetic field lines transmitted in the first magnetic gap H1 is the same as that of the first magnetic element 11, thereby enhancing the static magnetic force between the second magnetic block 42 and the first magnetic element 11, and enhancing the static magnetic force between the third magnetic block 43 and the first magnetic element 11.

[0160] Understandably, during the movement of the first voice coil 31, it can drive the second magnetic block 42 and / or the third magnetic block 43 to move synchronously in the first magnetic gap H1. The second magnetic block 42 and the third magnetic block 43 are subjected to static magnetic force under the combined action of their own magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic element 11 in the first magnetic gap H1, and the direction of the force is the same as the direction of the Lorentz force on the first voice coil 31. This can further compensate for the force on the first voice coil 31, thereby further increasing the amplitude of the first voice coil 31 and enhancing the loudness of the speaker 100.

[0161] For example, see Figure 7 The materials, sizes, and shapes of the second magnet 42 and the third magnet 43 can be approximately the same. By arranging the second magnet 42 and the third magnet 43 on both sides of the first voice coil 31 along the first direction X, the first voice coil 31 can be positioned upwards and downwards (within the direction X). Figure 7Taking the position in the middle as an example, the force compensation during the movement is roughly equal, thereby improving the uniformity of the thrust received by the first voice coil 31 during the movement and enhancing the stability of the sound quality of the speaker 100.

[0162] For example, it can be understood that the loudspeaker 100 may also include only one of the second magnet 42 and the third magnet 43, which can also compensate for the force on the first voice coil 31, increase the amplitude of the first voice coil 31, and thus increase the loudness of the loudspeaker 100.

[0163] For example, Figure 8 Analysis diagrams of displacement-static magnetic force and displacement-negative stiffness for a loudspeaker 100 with a third magnet 43 located only below the first voice coil 31, and analysis diagrams of displacement-static magnetic force and displacement-negative stiffness for the first magnet 41.

[0164] in, Figure 8 The horizontal axis represents the vibration displacement of the first voice coil 31, the first magnetic block 41, and the third magnetic block 43 under the action of electromagnetic force and static magnetic force. The left vertical axis represents the magnitude of the static magnetic force, and the right vertical axis represents the magnitude of the negative stiffness.

[0165] See Figure 8 The static magnetic force on the first magnetic block 41 is asymmetrical in the positive and negative strokes. For example, when the displacement is -10, the static magnetic force of the first magnetic block 41 is about -70, but when the displacement is 10, the static magnetic force of the first magnetic block 41 is about 50. The asymmetry between the two causes the negative stiffness introduced by the first magnetic block 41 to be asymmetrical in the positive and negative strokes, which will cause the sound quality of the speaker 100 to be damaged (e.g., sound quality distortion).

[0166] See Figure 8 By setting the third magnet 43, the total static magnetic force in the speaker 100 (including the static magnetic force on the first magnet 41 and the third magnet 43) can be compensated, so that the total negative stiffness in the speaker 100 is symmetrical in the positive and negative strokes, thereby avoiding distortion of the sound quality of the speaker 100.

[0167] Figure 9 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field of the loudspeaker 100 provided in the embodiments of this application - static magnetic force.

[0168] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the loudspeaker 100 may also include a third magnetic element 23 and a fourth magnetic element 24.

[0169] See Figure 9The first magnetic element 11 also has a first end face 11C and a second end face 11D that are disposed opposite to each other, the first end face 11C and the second end face 11D being perpendicular to the first direction X, for example, disposed opposite to each other in the first direction X.

[0170] For example, see Figure 9 The first end face 11C is the side surface of the first magnetic element 11 near the diaphragm 61. The diaphragm 61 and the first end face 11C are spaced apart to provide space for the vibration of the diaphragm 61.

[0171] See Figure 9 The third magnetic conductor 23 is disposed on the first end face 11C.

[0172] For example, the third magnetic conductor 23 can be a fastener, such as a metal washer.

[0173] See Figure 9 The surface of the third magnetic conductive element 23 near the first magnetic conductive element 21 is spaced apart from the first magnetic conductive element 21 to form part of the first magnetic gap H1. That is, the gap between the first magnetic conductive element 21 and the first magnetic element 11, and the gap between the first magnetic conductive element 21 and the third magnetic conductive element 23 together form the first magnetic gap H1.

[0174] See Figure 9 The surface of the third magnetic conductive element 23 near the second magnetic conductive element 22 is spaced apart from the second magnetic conductive element 22 to form part of the second magnetic gap H2. That is, the gap between the second magnetic conductive element 22 and the first magnetic element 11, and the gap between the second magnetic conductive element 22 and the third magnetic conductive element 23 together form the second magnetic gap H2.

[0175] By positioning the third magnetic conductor 23 at intervals from the first magnetic conductor 21 and the second magnetic conductor 22, the first voice coil 31 can move smoothly within the first magnetic gap H1, and the first magnetic block 41 can move smoothly within the second magnetic gap H2. Furthermore, by positioning the third magnetic conductor 23 on the first end face 11C of the first magnetic component 11, a complete magnetic circuit can be formed between the first magnetic component 11, the third magnetic conductor 23, and the first magnetic conductor 21 (see [reference]). Figure 10 Furthermore, the third magnetic conductor 23 can concentrate the magnetic dipole of the first magnetic component 11 into the first magnetic gap H1 through a magnetic circuit, thereby significantly enhancing the strength of the magnetic field in the first magnetic gap H1. Similarly, it can also significantly enhance the strength of the magnetic field in the second magnetic gap H2, and the principle is the same as described above, so it will not be repeated here.

[0176] See Figure 9 The fourth magnetic conductor 24 is disposed on the second end face 11D.

[0177] For example, see Figure 9The fourth magnetic conductor 24 can be integrally formed with the first magnetic conductor 21 (e.g., U-iron or T-iron), thereby simplifying the fabrication process of the structure in the loudspeaker 100 and reducing the fabrication difficulty of the loudspeaker 100.

[0178] Alternatively, by way of example, the fourth magnetic conductor 24 can also be integrally disposed with the second magnetic conductor 22, which can also simplify the fabrication process of the structure in the loudspeaker 100 and reduce the fabrication difficulty of the loudspeaker 100.

[0179] Similarly, the first magnetic conductive element 21, the fourth magnetic conductive element 24, and the second magnetic conductive element 22 can be integrated into one unit.

[0180] Similarly to the third magnetic conductive element 23, by providing a fourth magnetic conductive element 24 on the second end face 11D of the first magnetic element 11, a complete magnetic circuit can be formed between the first magnetic element 11, the third magnetic conductive element 23, the first magnetic conductive element 21, and the fourth magnetic conductive element 24 (see...). Figure 10 Furthermore, the fourth magnetic conductor 24 can also concentrate the magnetic dipole of the first magnetic component 11 into the first magnetic gap H1 through a magnetic circuit, thereby significantly enhancing the strength of the magnetic field in the first magnetic gap H1. Similarly, it can also significantly enhance the strength of the magnetic field in the second magnetic gap H2, and the principle is the same as described above, so it will not be repeated here.

[0181] Figure 11 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0182] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, the end of the fourth magnetic element 24 near the first magnetic element 21 can be spaced apart from the first magnetic element 21. In this case, the speaker 100 may also include a second voice coil 32.

[0183] The second voice coil 32 is fixedly connected to the first voice coil 31. For example, see [reference needed]. Figure 11 Both can be wound on the first frame 71, or the first voice coil 31 can be wound on the first frame 71, and the second voice coil 32 can be wound on another frame that is fixedly connected to the first frame 71, thereby realizing the follow-up movement between the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32. It is understood that other design methods that can realize the fixed connection between the second voice coil 32 and the first voice coil 31, thereby realizing the follow-up movement of both, are all within the protection scope of this application, and this application does not limit them.

[0184] For example, the second voice coil 32 can also be electrically connected to the first voice coil 31 (not shown in the figure). For example, the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32 can be wound with the same wire at different locations (e.g., at both ends of the first frame 71). Or, for example, the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32 can be electrically connected by another wire or other conductive structure, or connected to the same power source at the same time, which is not limited in this application.

[0185] The second voice coil 32 is configured to transmit a current in the opposite direction to the current transmitted by the first voice coil 31.

[0186] For example, when the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32 are wound from the same wire, the winding directions of the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32 are opposite. Or, for example, at the same time, the direction of the current transmitted in the first voice coil 31 is opposite to the direction of the current transmitted in the second voice coil 32.

[0187] See Figure 11 At least a portion of the first voice coil 31 is disposed between the third magnetic conductor 23 and the first magnetic conductor 21, and at least a portion of the second voice coil 32 is disposed between the fourth magnetic conductor 24 and the first magnetic conductor 21. That is, the first voice coil 31 is approximately located in the upper half of the first magnetic gap H1 (within...). Figure 11 Taking the position in the middle as an example, the second voice coil 32 moves roughly in the lower half of the first magnetic gap H1.

[0188] By setting the directions of the current transmitted by the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32 to be opposite, the directions of the Lorentz magnetic force experienced by the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32 can be made to be the same. For example, the direction of the magnetic field lines in the upper half of the first magnetic gap H1, especially the direction of the magnetic field lines in the gap between the third magnetic conductor 23 and the first magnetic conductor 21, points from the third magnetic conductor 23 to the first magnetic conductor 21. The direction of the magnetic field lines in the lower half of the first magnetic gap H1, especially the direction of the magnetic field lines in the gap between the fourth magnetic conductor 24 and the first magnetic conductor 21, points from the first magnetic conductor 21 to the fourth magnetic conductor 24. That is, the direction of the magnetic field lines in the upper half of the first magnetic gap H1 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field lines in the lower half. When the current transmitted by the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32 is also opposite, the two magnetic fields with opposite magnetic field lines will cause the first voice coil 31 and the second voice coil 32 to be subjected to the same Lorentz magnetic force. Thus, the Lorentz magnetic force on the second voice coil 32 compensates for the force on the first voice coil 31, which is fixedly connected to the second voice coil 32, further increasing the thrust on the first voice coil 31, thereby further increasing the loudness of the loudspeaker 100.

[0189] Figure 12 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0190] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the second side 11B of the first magnetic element 11 is recessed towards the first side 11A, that is, the position where the second side 11B of the first magnetic element 11 is in contact with the first end face 11C and the position where the second side 11B of the first magnetic element 11 is in contact with the second end face 11D are more prominent relative to the center position of the first magnetic element 11, thereby enhancing the magnetic flux density gradient at these two positions, that is, enhancing the magnetic flux density gradient at the upper and lower ends of the second magnetic gap H2, thereby enhancing the magnitude of the static magnetic force (upward or downward pulling force) experienced by the first magnetic block 41 when it moves upward and downward, further improving the force compensation of the first magnetic block 41 on the first voice coil 31, thereby increasing the amplitude of the first voice coil 31 and increasing the loudness of the speaker 100.

[0191] Figures 13-17 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0192] In some embodiments, such as Figures 13-17 As shown, at least one of the aforementioned first magnetic conductive element 21, second magnetic conductive element 22, second magnetic block 42, third magnetic block 43, third magnetic conductive element 23, and fourth magnetic conductive element 24 has a magnetized region U. The direction of the magnetic field lines inside the magnetized region U is the same as the direction of the magnetic field lines of the first magnetic element 11 at the position of the magnetized region U, thereby enhancing the strength of the magnetic field formed in the loudspeaker 100, increasing the thrust on the first voice coil 31 and / or the first magnetic block 41, and ultimately increasing the amplitude of the first voice coil 31 and the loudness of the loudspeaker 100.

[0193] For example, see Figures 13-17 The magnetic field lines inside the first magnetic element 11 point from bottom to top (with... Figure 13 Taking the orientation of the first magnetic element 11 as an example, that is, when the lower part of the first magnetic element 11 is the S pole and the upper part is the N pole:

[0194] See Figure 13 The magnetic field lines inside the magnetized area U at the center of the first magnetic conductive element 21 point from top to bottom. That is, the upper part of the magnetized area U at the center of the first magnetic conductive element 21 is the S pole, and the lower part is the N pole.

[0195] And refer to Figure 14 The magnetic field lines inside the magnetized area U of the first magnetic conductor 21, which is located near the third magnetic conductor 23, point from right to left. That is, the right side of the magnetized area U at this location is the S pole, and the left side is the N pole.

[0196] See Figure 15The magnetic field lines inside the magnetized area U of the second magnetic conductor 22, which is located near the fourth magnetic conductor 24, point from right to left. That is, the right side of the magnetized area U at this location is the S pole, and the left side is the N pole.

[0197] See Figure 16 The magnetic field lines inside the magnetized area U (not shown in the figure because it is fully magnetized) in the second magnetic block 42 and the third magnetic block 43 are directed from right to left. That is, the right side of the magnetized area U in the second magnetic block 42 and the third magnetic block 43 is the S pole and the left side is the N pole.

[0198] See Figure 17 The magnetic field lines inside the magnetized area U in the third magnetic conductor 23 point from right to left. That is, the right side of the magnetized area U in the third magnetic conductor 23 is the S pole and the left side is the N pole.

[0199] See Figure 17 The magnetic field lines inside the magnetized area U in the fourth magnetic conductor 24 point from left to right. That is, the left side of the magnetized area U in the fourth magnetic conductor 24 is the S pole and the right side is the N pole.

[0200] By setting the aforementioned magnetization zone U, and setting the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the magnetization zone U to be the same as the direction of the magnetic field lines of the first magnetic element 11 at the position of the magnetization zone U, the strength of the magnetic field is further enhanced on the basis of the magnetic field formed by the first magnetic element 11, so as to increase the amplitude of the first voice coil 31 and increase the loudness of the speaker 100.

[0201] It is understood that in the accompanying drawings of this application, the location marked with a short arrow "→" is the magnetic location, and the direction indicated by the short arrow is the direction of the internal magnetic field lines at that location.

[0202] When the first voice coil 31 and the first magnet 41 move, if the thrust they experience when moving upwards is the same as the thrust they experience when moving downwards, nonlinear distortion introduced by asymmetric negative stiffness can be avoided, thus preventing distortion changes in the timbre of the speaker 100 and improving the sound quality of the speaker 100.

[0203] In order to ensure that the thrust experienced by the first voice coil 31 when it moves upward is the same as the thrust experienced by the first magnetic block 41 when it moves downward, this application also provides the following embodiments:

[0204] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the end of the fourth magnetic conductive element 24 closest to the first magnetic conductive element 21 is spaced apart from the first magnetic conductive element 21 to form another part of the first magnetic gap H1. That is, the gap between the first magnetic conductive element 21 and the first magnetic element 11, the gap between the first magnetic conductive element 21 and the third magnetic conductive element 23, and the gap between the first magnetic conductive element 21 and the fourth magnetic conductive element 24 together form the first magnetic gap H1.

[0205] By setting the end of the fourth magnetic conductive element 24 close to the first magnetic conductive element 21 at a distance from the first magnetic conductive element 21, the magnetic field distribution at the first end face 11C of the first magnetic element 11 can be made approximately the same as the magnetic field distribution at the second end face 11D of the first magnetic element 11. For example, the magnetic field line distribution density of the two is approximately the same, thereby allowing the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 to move upward (with... Figure 12 Taking the direction of movement as an example, the thrust (including Lorentz force and static magnetic force) experienced during the movement is approximately equal to the thrust experienced during the downward movement, thereby improving the stability of the sound quality of the speaker 100.

[0206] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown in the figures, the end of the fourth magnetic conductive element 24 closest to the second magnetic conductive element 22 is spaced apart from the second magnetic conductive element 22 to form another part of the second magnetic gap H2. That is, the gap between the second magnetic conductive element 22 and the first magnetic element 11, the gap between the second magnetic conductive element 22 and the third magnetic conductive element 23, and the gap between the second magnetic conductive element 22 and the fourth magnetic conductive element 24 together form the second magnetic gap H2.

[0207] Similar to the previous embodiment, by setting the end of the fourth magnetic conductor 24 near the second magnetic conductor 22 at a distance from the second magnetic conductor 22, the thrust (including Lorentz force and static force) experienced by the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 during upward movement can be made approximately equal to the thrust experienced during downward movement, thereby improving the stability of the sound quality of the speaker 100.

[0208] Figure 18 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0209] In some embodiments, such as Figure 18 As shown, when the end of the fourth magnetic element 24 closest to the first magnetic element 21 is connected to the first magnetic element 21:

[0210] See Figure 18The speaker 100 may also include a second magnetic element 12. The second magnetic element 12 is disposed on the surface of the third magnetic element 23 away from the first magnetic element 11, and is disposed at the end of the third magnetic element 23 near the first magnetic element 21.

[0211] Among them, see Figure 18 The two magnetic poles of the second magnetic element 12 are arranged along the first direction X, and the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the second magnetic element 12 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the first magnetic element 11.

[0212] In this embodiment, the end of the fourth magnetic conductor 24 near the first magnetic conductor 21 is connected to the first magnetic conductor 21, while the end of the third magnetic conductor 23 near the first magnetic conductor 21 is spaced apart from the first magnetic conductor 21. This results in the magnetic field distribution at the first end face 11C of the first magnetic conductor 11 being different from the magnetic field distribution at the second end face 11D of the first magnetic conductor 11. Consequently, the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 experience different thrusts during upward and downward movements, affecting the sound quality of the speaker 100.

[0213] By setting a second magnetic element 12 and setting the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the second magnetic element 12 to be opposite to the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the first magnetic element 11, the magnetic field distribution at the first end face 11C of the first magnetic element 11 can be corrected so that it is the same as the magnetic field distribution at the second end face 11D of the first magnetic element 11, thereby improving the sound quality of the speaker 100.

[0214] In some embodiments, the aforementioned magnetization area U can also be set at a position where the upper and lower magnetic field distributions are asymmetrical and the magnetic field strength is low. This is also beneficial to ensure that the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 are subjected to the same thrust during upward and downward movement, thereby improving the sound quality of the speaker 100.

[0215] Figure 19 Another cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0216] In some embodiments, such as Figure 19 As shown, the second side 11B of the first magnetic element 11 protrudes away from the first side 11A, thereby causing the second magnetic gap H2 to protrude near the center position (i.e., near the most protruding position of the first magnetic element 11, near the displacement of 0mm, for example...) Figure 20Within the displacement range of 0mm to 8mm, the magnetic field gradient experienced by the first magnetic block 41 at this position is negative, meaning the static magnetic force during the positive stroke is in the negative direction. In other words, at this position, the direction of the static magnetic force on the first magnetic block 41 is opposite to the direction of the Lorentz force on the first voice coil 31. This facilitates stabilizing the first magnetic block 41 and the first voice coil 31, which is rigidly connected to the first magnetic block 41, at their initial positions—the positions before current is applied—achieving centering and ensuring stability during the folding (see...). Figure 5 Even under the condition that the centering effect is weakened due to modulus decay caused by long-term stress and thermal fatigue, the first voice coil 31 in the loudspeaker 100 can still be kept in the ideal initial position of the magnetic gap, ensuring that the first voice coil 31 can reciprocate normally along the axis of the first voice coil 31 when under stress, thus ensuring the reliability of the loudspeaker 100.

[0217] Figure 20 The diagram shows the displacement-static magnetic force and displacement-negative stiffness of the speaker 100 corresponding to the second side 11B of the first magnetic element 11 protruding away from the first side 11A.

[0218] See Figure 20 Within the displacement range of -8mm to 8mm, the negative stiffness introduced by the first magnetic block 41 becomes positive, and the direction of the static magnetic force on the first magnetic block 41 at this position is opposite to the stroke (for example, the direction of the static magnetic force is positive in the negative stroke). This enhances the stiffness of the speaker 100, reduces the force compensation on the first voice coil 31 at this position, and slows down the tendency of the first voice coil 31 to move up and down at this position. This makes it easier to keep the first voice coil 31 and the first magnetic block 41 in the ideal initial position (i.e., at a displacement of 0mm when not powered on), thus achieving centering.

[0219] It should be noted that the "magnetic field lines" mentioned in the embodiments of this application are not physical objects, but are only used to illustrate and explain the distribution of the magnetic field.

[0220] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized in that, include: A first magnetic element, wherein the two magnetic poles of the first magnetic element are arranged along a first direction; The first magnetic element has a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other, and at least one of the first side and the second side is parallel to the first direction; A first magnetic conductive element is disposed on one side of the first side surface of the first magnetic element; the first magnetic conductive element is spaced apart from the first side surface to form at least a portion of a first magnetic gap with the first magnetic element; A second magnetic conductive element is disposed on one side of the second side of the first magnetic element; the second magnetic conductive element is spaced apart from the second side to form at least a portion of a second magnetic gap with the first magnetic element; The first voice coil is at least partially disposed within the first magnetic gap; A first magnetic block is disposed within the second magnetic gap; the first magnetic block is configured to move in response to the first voice coil after an electric current is applied. A first frame and a second frame, wherein the first voice coil is disposed on the first frame and the first magnet is disposed on the second frame; the first frame and the second frame are connected.

2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A diaphragm, the extension direction of which intersects the first direction; the diaphragm is disposed on one side of the first magnetic element and spaced apart from the first magnetic element; Both the first frame and the second frame are connected to the diaphragm.

3. The loudspeaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The basin stand has a concave receiving cavity; The spring is disposed within the receiving cavity, with one end connected to the inner wall of the receiving cavity and the other end connected to the first frame or the second frame.

4. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second and third magnets are disposed on both sides of the first voice coil along the first direction.

5. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first magnetic component has a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite to each other, the first end face and the second end face being perpendicular to the first direction; The speaker also includes: A third magnetic conductive element is disposed on the first end face, and the side surface of the third magnetic conductive element near the first magnetic conductive element is spaced apart from the first magnetic conductive element to form a part of the first magnetic gap; the side surface of the third magnetic conductive element near the second magnetic conductive element is spaced apart from the second magnetic conductive element to form a part of the second magnetic gap. The fourth magnetic conductor is disposed on the second end face.

6. The loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the fourth magnetic conductor near the first magnetic conductor is connected to the first magnetic conductor; The speaker also includes: The second magnetic element is disposed on the surface of the third magnetic element away from the first magnetic element, and at the end of the third magnetic element near the first magnetic element; the two magnetic poles of the second magnetic element are arranged along the first direction, and the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the second magnetic element is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field lines inside the first magnetic element.

7. The loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the fourth magnetic conductor near the first magnetic conductor is spaced apart from the first magnetic conductor to form another part of the first magnetic gap; The speaker also includes: The second voice coil is fixedly connected to the first voice coil, and the second voice coil is configured to transmit a current in the opposite direction to the current transmitted by the first voice coil. Wherein, at least a portion of the first voice coil is disposed between the third magnetic conductor and the first magnetic conductor, and at least a portion of the second voice coil is disposed between the fourth magnetic conductor and the first magnetic conductor.

8. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The side of the fourth magnetic conductor near the second magnetic conductor is spaced apart from the second magnetic conductor to form another part of the second magnetic gap.

9. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The second side of the first magnetic element is recessed toward the first side, or protrudes away from the first side.

10. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first magnetic block is magnetic or has magnetic conductivity.

11. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, At least one of the first magnetic conductive element and the second magnetic conductive element has a magnetized area; and / or, When the loudspeaker includes at least one of a second magnetic block, a third magnetic block, a third magnetic conductor, and a fourth magnetic conductor, at least one of the second magnetic block, the third magnetic block, the third magnetic conductor, and the fourth magnetic conductor has a magnetized area; The direction of the magnetic field lines inside the magnetized area is the same as the direction of the magnetic field lines of the first magnetic element at the position of the magnetized area.

12. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first magnetic element is disposed around the first magnetic conductive element, and the second magnetic conductive element is disposed around the first magnetic element; or, The first magnetic element is disposed around the second magnetic conductive element, and the first magnetic conductive element is disposed around the first magnetic element.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: case; The loudspeaker as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the loudspeaker is disposed inside the housing.

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