Image sensor structure and use method for color image perception

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of image sensor technology, specifically to an image sensor structure for color image perception and a method of using the image sensor, including an image sensor body, wherein the working structure of the image sensor body includes: a filter structure control module, including two high-reflectivity reflective mirrors for forming a Fabry-Perot cavity structure and a height controller for applying a fixed voltage difference between the two reflective mirrors, as well as electrodes connected to the height controller up and down and a microlens for increasing the light flux; and an array of light sensing elements located below the filter structure control module. The present invention solves the problems of low resolution, image distortion, color distortion, and the need for complex algorithms and monochrome exposure caused by the need for various color filters for flatness in traditional image color sensing solutions through the functions of the filter structure control module, analog signal processing, digital-to-analog converters, and light sensing element arrays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of image sensors, and in particular to an image sensor structure for color image perception and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] One of the core components used in cameras and camcorders commonly used in daily life is the image sensor, which is generally composed of a two-dimensional array of photosensitive elements and their related readout circuits. The light signal of the object being measured is converted into an electrical signal after reaching the photosensitive element, and then converted into an analog signal output to form a two-dimensional image signal.

[0003] In order to generate a two-dimensional color image signal with additional color information, it is necessary to embed color filters on the surface of the photosensitive element in the sensor to ensure that the surfaces of adjacent pixels have red, blue, and green filters respectively. Currently, the most commonly used color sensor color image acquisition scheme is based on the color acquisition of the Bayer RGB filter, such as Fig.11 The figure shows the common Bayer filter distribution, where the red, green, and blue filters are distributed on 2X2 photosensitive elements, and the entire sensor repeats the 2x2 pixel pattern. Due to the discontinuous distribution of colors, an additional de-mosaic algorithm is required to restore the image, ultimately forming a set of two-dimensional color images with red, green, and blue intensity information.

[0004] At present, with the improvement of camera performance and the continuous expansion of image application fields, this type of sensing solution based on mosaic color filters has the following limitations in performance: (1) Difficulty in improving resolution: It is impossible to coat the film on a smaller scale, and the cost and manufacturing process increase exponentially; (2) There is a physical gap between monochrome pixels: Therefore, the captured image content will have a certain degree of detail loss; (3) Color distortion: Due to coating process problems, filter films of various colors have overlapping color ranges, such as Fig.12 As shown; (4) Complex algorithms: Traditional solutions require de-mosaicing processing on the back end, which results in the AI ​​algorithm taking more time. (5) Exposure caused by high monochromatic intensity renders the image invalid.

[0005] In view of the above situation, the present invention proposes an image sensor structure and a method of using for color image perception. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an image sensor structure and a method of using it for color image perception, which has the advantages of improving the sensor resolution through a sensing element while obtaining picture details and providing more color options, and at the same time, does not require a de-mosaicing algorithm, making the subsequent algorithm image processing steps more concise and effective, thereby solving the problems of low resolution, picture distortion, color distortion, and the need for complex algorithms and monochrome exposure caused by the need for various flat color filters in traditional image color sensing solutions.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an image sensor structure for color image perception, comprising an image sensor body, wherein the working structure of the image sensor body comprises: A light filtering structure control module, comprising two high-reflectivity reflective mirrors for forming a Fabry-Perot cavity structure, a height controller for applying a fixed voltage difference between the two reflective mirrors, electrodes connected to the height controller from top to bottom, and a microlens for increasing the light flux; The light sensing element array located below the light filtering structure control module includes photoelectric conversion layers neatly arranged in two dimensions and a signal readout circuit connected to each of the photoelectric conversion layers; A row selection logic module and a column selection logic module connected to the light sensor element array through the bottom layer circuit, used to change the exposure and stop exposure working states of the corresponding light sensor elements according to the received timing and control instructions; Analog signal processing and digital-to-analog converter, used to amplify the electrical signals emitted by the light sensing element array, and transmit the processed electrical signals to the corresponding analog signal processing units and A / D converters through the signal buses of the respective rows and columns, and convert them into digital image signals for output; An output module, used for outputting the converted digital image signal to the outside; The buffer module is used to temporarily store the monochrome digital signal of each frame, and after all the color image signals are collected, they can be processed as digital signal output at the output end; The timing and control module is used to adjust the working states of the light sensing element array and the light filtering structure control module.

[0008] Preferably, an annular rubber airbag is arranged on the outside of the image sensor body, and a shell is arranged on the outside of the annular rubber airbag.

[0009] Preferably, positioning grooves are provided around the outer surface of the shell, and an elastic fastener is fixedly connected to one side of the positioning groove.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the shell is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing sleeves distributed at equal angles, a spring is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the fixing sleeve, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to a piston sliding in the inner cavity of the fixing sleeve, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the piston away from the spring, an arc-shaped connecting plate is fixedly connected between the side of the connecting rod away from the piston and the outer surface of the annular rubber airbag, and ventilation pipes are connected between one end of the fixing sleeve away from the arc-shaped connecting plate and both sides of the fixing sleeve and the annular rubber airbag.

[0011] Preferably, a groove is provided on the right side of the inner cavity of the shell, and a protective spacer is provided between the groove and the annular rubber airbag.

[0012] Preferably, the light sensing element array is CCD and CMOS.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the height controller is 1 um.

[0014] Preferably, the light sensing element array is a two-dimensional array consisting of countless photoelectric conversion layers and signal readout circuits, and the light sensing element array is used to convert received light signals into electrical signals.

[0015] Preferably, the timing and control module is signal-connected to the row selection logic module and the column selection logic module, and the row selection logic module and the column selection logic module are signal-connected to the light sensing element array.

[0016] A method for using an image sensor structure for color image perception comprises the following steps: S1: Sensor installation: through the cooperation of the positioning groove and the elastic fastener, the housing is installed in the use position, and then the image sensor body is positioned through the annular rubber airbag; S2: Target object imaging, the light source reflected by the object reaches the filter structure control module 31 through the optical element, forming an image with a full band; S3: Determine the working mode of the filter structure, specify the central wavelength of the color λ1, λ2, λ3.......λn, and set the corresponding working mode V1, V2, V3.......Vn of the filter structure control module; S4: Monochrome image acquisition, the sensor color selector triggers the filter structure control module to adjust to the corresponding color, and triggers the exposure signal at the same time, so that the filter is a specified wavelength within the corresponding time. After the reflected light of the photographed target passes through the structure, only the light of the specified wavelength band can reach the surface of the light sensor element array 33. By reading the photoelectric conversion signal of the light sensor element array within the corresponding time, the two-dimensional image intensity information of the monochromatic light can be obtained, and the height controller in the filter structure control module sends a second voltage instruction, and the reading steps are repeated until all target colors are acquired; S5: Photoelectric conversion: the output light wave reaches the photoelectric conversion layer of the light sensing element array and is converted into an electrical signal. The converted digital signal is output through the signal readout circuit; S6: Data preprocessing, performing a series of data preprocessing on the digital signal obtained by the above operation mode, and outputting a complete color image data; S7: Displaying, displaying the color image obtained above through a display.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention avoids the use of spatially distributed polychromatic filters, ensuring that each pixel can obtain all color information, so the final image has no detail loss and has a higher resolution.

[0018] 2. The present invention uses a large-area vertical filtering structure, which does not require precise optical coating on a pixel scale, greatly easing the sensor processing technology and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0019] 3. The present invention avoids the problem of red and blue color interval distribution of ordinary sensors without the need to use filters, and there is no need to use a de-mosaic algorithm to restore the image, which has great advantages for loading complex algorithms such as artificial intelligence to further process and analyze the image.

[0020] 4. Due to the change in the light filtering mechanism, the present invention can accurately control the color of the transmitted light wave to ensure that the transmitted spectrum has no color difference.

[0021] 5. In the present invention, since the exposure times of various color images are not synchronized, different exposure times can be set for each color to avoid image distortion caused by overexposure of a single color. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention from a third viewing angle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the annular rubber airbag of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the protective spacer and the groove of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the fixing sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 A working structure layout diagram of the image sensor body of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a front view schematic diagram of the monochrome image acquisition structure of the image sensor main body of the present invention; Fig.10 Another structural schematic diagram of the monochrome imaging structure of the image sensor body of the present invention; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the Bayer filter structure of a universal color image sensor; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of relative spectral transmittance of common filter coatings; Fig.13 A schematic diagram of wavelength control at different voltage values ​​of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the filter of the monochrome image array of the present invention at different times; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the continuous working mode of the adjustable filter structure of the present invention; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the separated working mode of the adjustable filter structure of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. Annular rubber airbag; 3. Image sensor body; 31. Filter structure control module; 311. Reflecting mirror; 312. Height controller; 313. Electrode; 314. Microlens; 32. Row selection logic module; 33. Light sensor element array; 331. Photoelectric conversion layer; 332. Signal readout circuit; 34. Analog signal processing and digital-to-analog converter; 35. Output module; 36. Cache module; 37. Timing and control module; 38. Column selection logic module; 4. Elastic fastener; 5. Fixing sleeve; 6. Piston; 7. Arc connecting plate; 8. Ventilation pipe; 9. Protective spacer; 10. Positioning groove; 11. Groove; 12. Spring; 13. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] The shell 1, annular rubber airbag 2, image sensor body 3, filter structure control module 31, reflective mirror 311, height controller 312, electrode 313, microlens 314, row selection logic module 32, light sensor element array 33, photoelectric conversion layer 331, signal readout circuit 332, analog signal processing and digital-to-analog converter 34, output module 35, cache module 36, timing and control module 37, column selection logic module 38, elastic fastener 4, fixing sleeve 5, piston 6, arc-shaped connecting plate 7, ventilation pipe 8, protective spacer 9, positioning groove 10, groove 11, spring 12 and connecting rod 13 of the present application are all universal standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0028] Embodiment 1 See also Figure 1-Figure 16 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an image sensor structure for color image perception and a method of using the same, including an image sensor body 3, the working structure of the image sensor body 3 includes: The filter structure control module 31 includes two high-reflectivity mirrors 311 for forming a Fabry-Perot cavity structure, a height controller 312 located between the two mirrors 311 for applying a fixed voltage difference, electrodes 313 connected to the height controller 312, and a microlens 314 for increasing the light flux; This technical solution: The filter structure control module 31 is an optical structure of nano-level micro-braking that can be controlled by voltage. The structure can have different operating modes according to the number and color of the wavelengths of the target color image. For example, when the target colors are red, green and blue, three operating modes with working voltages of VR, VG and VB can be used. The principle of filtering achieved by the filter structure control module 31 is: two high-reflectivity reflective mirror surfaces 311 structures and an air gap with a certain height together constitute a Fabry-Perot cavity structure, which utilizes the optical diffraction effect. The light beam in the cavity is reflected multiple times on the mirror surface, and an interference enhancement effect is formed at the central wavelength that meets the coherence condition, ensuring that only wavelengths that meet specific conditions can pass through the cavity to reach the photoelectric conversion layer 331. The height controller 312 has a thickness of about 1um and can be a part that can achieve a fixed longitudinal displacement by applying a fixed voltage difference, such as a reverse piezoelectric ceramic material, or can be composed of a thin film with a certain elasticity, such as PET / PEN, etc., connected to a metal electrode. By applying a fixed voltage difference at both ends of the height controller 312, the purpose of controlling the output central wavelength can be achieved. Under a certain air gap d, the incident light forms a fixed phase difference between the reflectors through multiple reflections, forming an interference effect at a certain wavelength λ to enhance the brightness and achieve the purpose of filtering.

[0029] It can be understood that the specific central wavelength λ is given by The formula mλ=2ndcos(θ) determines, In the formula, m is the order of interference, which can be any order according to the actual wavelength range and cavity thickness. Generally, the first or second order is selected to reduce the complexity of blocking high-order spectral components. n is the refractive index of the medium in the cavity, and the air interval is n=1; θ is the incident angle of the light entering the Fabry-Perot cavity. Since the phase plane in the imaging device is generally at infinity, θ is approximately 0; The thickness of the air gap d can be controlled by voltage, using the inverse piezoelectric effect of the mechanical shaft material (that is, when the voltage applied to both ends of the material changes, the material will produce corresponding deformation), or by using the electrostatic effect. In this case, the material should be a conductive material with electrostatic effect, such as metal Al, Ag, etc. During the operation, a fixed voltage difference V is applied to the electrodes to change the emission wavelength λ of the interference, thereby achieving the purpose of light wave tuning; The selected voltage V varies according to the material of the inverse piezoelectric, and is generally in the range of a few volts to tens of volts, such as Fig.13As shown, at different voltage values, the central wavelength of the transmitted band gradually transitions from blue to red. When different voltages are input, the thickness of the relative piezoelectric material will change, thereby changing d in the interference formula, causing the transmitted wavelength to change.

[0030] Furthermore, similar to the microlens 314 often used in general CMOS sensors, a microlens 314 with the same size as a unit pixel in the light sensing element array 33 can be added to the filter of the present structure to achieve as much light flux as possible, such as Fig.10 as shown. The light sensing element array 33 located below the light filtering structure control module 31 includes neatly two-dimensionally arranged photoelectric conversion layers 331 and a signal readout circuit 332 connected to each photoelectric conversion layer 331; This technical solution: The light sensing element array 3 needs to operate in a global shutter operation mode, so that the exposure time of the photoelectric conversion layer 331 of each of the multiple rows of pixels starts at a common exposure start time and ends at a common exposure stop time.

[0031] The row selection logic module 32 and the column selection logic module 38 connected to the light sensor element array 33 through the bottom layer circuit are used to change the exposure and stop exposure working states of the corresponding light sensor elements according to the received timing and control instructions; The analog signal processing and digital-to-analog converter 34 is used to amplify the electrical signal sent by the light sensor element array 33, and transmit the processed electrical signal to the corresponding analog signal processing unit and A / D converter through the signal bus of the respective row and column to convert it into a digital image signal output; An output module 35, used to output the converted digital image signal to the outside; The buffer module 36 is used to temporarily store the monochrome image digital signal of each frame, and after all the color image signals are collected, they can be processed as digital signal output at the output end; The timing and control module 37 is used to adjust the working states of the light sensing element array 33 and the light filtering structure control module 31 .

[0032] It can be understood that: during specific operation, the timing and control module 37 will send a series of trigger signals to the different working modes of the filter structure control module 31 to complete the setting of different target colors. At the same time, the timing and control module 37 will send the trigger signal to the light sensing element array 33 through the row selection logic module 32 and the column selection logic module 38, and start exposure when the trigger signal is received, and end exposure when the trigger signal stops. For example, in the working mode of acquiring three-color (R, G, B) images, the filter structure control module 31 can be set in advance to the operating mode corresponding to the three wavelengths, then the timing and control module 37 will trigger the first working mode of the filter structure control module 31 to filter the red reflected light information, and control the photosensitive element to expose, and repeat the above steps to collect blue and green images.

[0033] Specifically, the light sensor element array 33 is a CCD and a CMOS.

[0034] Specifically, the thickness of the height controller 312 is 1 um.

[0035] Specifically, the light sensor element array 33 is a two-dimensional array composed of countless photoelectric conversion layers 331 and signal readout circuits 332, and the light sensor element array 33 is used to convert the received light signal into an electrical signal.

[0036] Specifically, the timing and control module 37 is connected to the row selection logic module 32 and the column selection logic module 38 by signals, and the row selection logic module 32 and the column selection logic module 38 are connected to the light sensing element array 33 by signals.

[0037] A method for using an image sensor structure for color image perception comprises the following steps: S1: Sensor installation, through the cooperation of the positioning groove 10 and the elastic fastener 4, the housing 1 is installed in the use position, and then the image sensor body 3 is positioned through the annular rubber airbag 2; S2: Target object imaging, the light source reflected by the object reaches the filter structure control module 31 through the optical element, forming an image with a full band; S3: Determine the working mode of the filter structure, specify the center wavelength of the color λ1, λ2, λ3, ..., λn, and set the corresponding working mode V1, V2, V3, ..., Vn of the filter structure control module 31; It is understandable that this mode often fixes the working mode directly in the sensor chip design through the hardware design link.

[0038] S4: Monochrome image acquisition, the sensor color selector triggers the filter structure control module 31 to adjust to the corresponding color, and triggers the exposure signal at the same time, so that the filter is a specified wavelength within the corresponding time, and after the reflected light of the photographed target passes through the structure, only the light of the specified wavelength band can reach the surface of the light sensor element array 33, and the two-dimensional image intensity information of the monochromatic light can be obtained by reading the photoelectric conversion signal of the light sensor element array 33 within the corresponding time, and the height controller 312 in the filter structure control module 31 sends a second voltage instruction, and repeats the reading steps until all target colors are acquired; It is understandable that, for example, a color image sensor requires three colors R / G / B, such as Fig.14 As shown, the schematic diagram of the filter of the monochrome image array at different times. Generally, the parameters can be set to n=3, λ1=450nm, λ1=550nm, λ1=620nm, or some special applications require further colors such as visible (RGB) + near infrared (NIR) four colors, etc., in this case n=4, and the band can be further replaced according to actual needs; In the actual image capture process, the controller on the sensor sends a command to set the filtered central wavelength λ to change over time, and at the same time control the photosensitive element to start and end exposure. The device requires a fixed change time Tsetup, after which it will reach the ideal wavelength position. There are two ways in which the central wavelength changes over time: 1. Continuous The central wavelength varies in continuous time, either linearly or nonlinearly.

[0039] At the same time, the light source passes through the filter and reaches the surface of the photosensitive element. The controller controls the exposure start and end time of the photosensitive element within the unit exposure time. The total exposure time is T=t1+t2+......+tn, such as Fig.15 The continuous operation mode of the tunable filter structure shown.

[0040] 2. Separate At the beginning and the order of each exposure, the central wavelength is a fixed value per unit time and changes every unit time. The advantage is that the monochrome effect is better, but each time it takes a period of setup time, such as Fig.16 The split working mode of the tunable filter structure shown.

[0041] S5: Photoelectric conversion. The output light wave reaches the photoelectric conversion layer 331 of the light sensor element array 33 and is converted into an electrical signal. The converted digital signal is outputted through the signal readout circuit 332. S6: Data preprocessing, performing a series of data preprocessing on the digital signal obtained by the above operation mode, and outputting a complete color image data; It is understandable that in the process of using this solution, since the monochrome image is acquired in separate time, the exposure time length of a single color can be freely set, making the exposure time flexible. The role of this step is to reduce the image distortion caused by overexposure of a single color in traditional color sensors. For example, if the sensor captures a target with a large red component, the corresponding red exposure time can be reduced to a single exposure time, and the obtained image two-dimensional intensity information should be increased accordingly.

[0042] At the same time, when an object moving rapidly in a fixed direction needs to be imaged, a displacement of the relative data position can be set in the data processing link to ensure the clarity of the image. The speed and direction of the object's movement need to be estimated. For example, the displacement of the image of the object on the sensor filter surface is 1 pixel per unit exposure time. If the movement direction is from the left to the right of the sensor, the various color images obtained are in the order of the front and back exposures, and the data is displaced as a whole.

[0043] At the same time, when the light intensity is low, the problem can be solved by averaging four adjacent pixels, but this method will result in a relatively lower resolution.

[0044] At the same time, in dark scenes or high-speed applications, the data group can be averaged first, taking the average of the four adjacent signal values, and the resulting value is the signal value of the first position. This can reduce the noise of the image in dark conditions while ensuring no delay, and the amount of data is reduced by 1 / 4.

[0045] After a series of data preprocessing, the image is n monochrome two-dimensional matrices. After further merging the matrices, a digital signal matrix containing color information is obtained, which can be directly output from the sensor without going through steps such as de-mosaicing algorithms.

[0046] S7: Displaying, displaying the color image obtained above through a display.

[0047] It is understandable that the color image obtained by the color imaging scheme can be displayed in conjunction with an ordinary display, or it can be displayed in conjunction with a display device with hyperspectral function. If it is used with a hyperspectral display, different colors can be presented according to the difference in the spectrum. In this case, the display also needs to be of the same type.

[0048] It should be noted that the sensor color selector is a color selector, which includes three filters: red, green, and blue, which can only transmit light of corresponding colors, so that each pixel can only sense one color, and the role of the color selector in the image sensor is mainly to decompose the light entering the sensor into three basic color components: red, green, and blue. Through these color components, the sensor can capture richer color information and perform subsequent image processing and analysis. For example, the color filter in the CMOS image sensor allows each pixel to sense only one color, and through the interpolation of adjacent pixels and the demosaic algorithm, a complete color image can be restored.

[0049] Embodiment 2 Based on the first embodiment, the present invention is as follows Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, an annular rubber airbag 2 is provided on the outside of the image sensor body 3, a shell 1 is provided on the outside of the annular rubber airbag 2, positioning grooves 10 are provided on all sides of the outer surface of the shell 1, and an elastic fastener 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the positioning groove 10, and a plurality of fixing sleeves 5 distributed at equal angles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, a spring 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the fixing sleeve 5, and a piston 6 sliding in the inner cavity of the fixing sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the spring 12, and a connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the side of the piston 6 away from the spring 12, and an arc-shaped connecting plate 7 is fixedly connected between the side of the connecting rod 13 away from the piston 6 and the outer surface of the annular rubber airbag 2, and a ventilation pipe 8 is connected between one end of the fixing sleeve 5 away from the arc-shaped connecting plate 7 and both sides of the fixing sleeve 5 and the annular rubber airbag 2, and a groove 11 is provided on the right side of the inner cavity of the shell 1, and a protective spacer 9 is provided between the groove 11 and the annular rubber airbag 2.

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention is that the housing 1 is installed in the use position through the positioning groove 10 and the elastic fastener 4, and then the image sensor body 3 is positioned through the annular rubber airbag 2. When the image sensor body 3 vibrates during use, if the image sensor body 3 presses the annular rubber airbag 2 downward, it can play the first level of seismic isolation and buffering for the image sensor body 3. At the same time, the fixed sleeve 5 located below the annular rubber airbag 2 and between the housing 1, and its corresponding arc-shaped connecting plate 7 can drive the piston 6 to squeeze the spring 12 in the fixed sleeve 5 through the connecting rod 13. At the same time, the fixed sleeve 5 located above the annular rubber airbag 2 and between the housing 1, and its corresponding arc-shaped connecting plate 7 can drive the piston 6 to squeeze the spring 12 in the fixed sleeve 5 through the connecting rod 13. 5, the stretch spring 12 can achieve the second level of seismic isolation and buffering for the image sensor body 3, and at this time, the piston 6 of the extrusion spring 12 can send the gas in the corresponding fixing sleeve 5 into the lower end of the inner cavity of the annular rubber airbag 2 through the vent pipe 8. Similarly, at this time, the piston 6 of the stretch spring 12 can suck the gas at the upper end of the inner cavity of the annular rubber airbag 2 through the corresponding vent pipe 8 into the corresponding fixing sleeve 5, which can ensure that the gas in the annular rubber airbag 2 is basically in a balanced state, thereby enabling the image sensor body 3 to complete buffering protection under a small range of vibration amplitude, avoiding the adverse effects caused by vibration, ensuring the quality of the image, and extending the service life of the image sensor body 3.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An image sensor structure for color image perception, comprising an image sensor body (3), characterized in that: The working structure of the image sensor body (3) comprises: A light filtering structure control module (31) comprising two high-reflectivity reflective mirrors (311) for forming a Fabry-Perot cavity structure, a height controller (312) located between the two reflective mirrors (311) for applying a fixed voltage difference, electrodes (313) connected to the height controller (312) from top to bottom, and a microlens (314) for increasing light flux; The light sensing element array (33) located below the light filtering structure control module (31) comprises photoelectric conversion layers (331) neatly arranged in two dimensions and a signal readout circuit (332) connected to each of the photoelectric conversion layers (331); A row selection logic module (32) and a column selection logic module (38) connected to the light sensing element array (33) via a bottom layer circuit, and used to change the exposure and stop exposure working states of the corresponding light sensing elements according to the received timing and control instructions; The analog signal processing and digital-to-analog converter (34) is used to amplify the electrical signal emitted by the light sensing element array (33), and transmit the processed electrical signal to the corresponding analog signal processing unit and A / D converter through the signal bus of the respective row and column to convert the processed electrical signal into a digital image signal for output; An output module (35), used for outputting the converted digital image signal externally; A buffer module (36) is used to temporarily store the monochrome image digital signal of each frame, and after all color image signals are collected, the digital signal can be output and processed as a digital signal at the output end; The timing and control module (37) is used to adjust the working states of the light sensing element array (33) and the light filtering structure control module (31).

2. The image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular rubber airbag (2) is arranged on the outside of the image sensor body (3), and a housing (1) is arranged on the outside of the annular rubber airbag (2).

3. The image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 2, characterized in that: Positioning grooves (10) are provided on all four sides of the outer surface of the shell (1), and an elastic fastener (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the positioning groove (10).

4. The image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the housing (1) is fixedly connected to a plurality of fixing sleeves (5) distributed at equal angles, one side of the inner cavity of the fixing sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to a spring (12), one end of the spring (12) is fixedly connected to a piston (6) that slides in the inner cavity of the fixing sleeve (5), a side of the piston (6) away from the spring (12) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (13), a side of the connecting rod (13) away from the piston (6) and an outer surface of the annular rubber airbag (2) is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped connecting plate (7), and one end of the fixing sleeve (5) away from the arc-shaped connecting plate (7) and both sides thereof and the annular rubber airbag (2) are connected to a ventilation pipe (8).

5. The image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove (11) is provided on the right side of the inner cavity of the shell (1), and a protective spacer (9) is provided between the groove (11) and the annular rubber airbag (2).

6. The image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light sensing element array (33) is CCD and CMOS.

7. The image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the height controller (312) is 1 um.

8. The image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light sensing element array (33) is a two-dimensional array consisting of countless photoelectric conversion layers (331) and signal readout circuits (332), and the light sensing element array (33) is used to convert received light signals into electrical signals.

9. The image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing and control module (37) is signal-connected to the row selection logic module (32) and the column selection logic module (38), and the row selection logic module (32) and the column selection logic module (38) are signal-connected to the light sensing element array (33).

10. The method for using the image sensor structure for color image perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: sensor installation, by means of the cooperation between the positioning groove (10) and the elastic fastener (4), the housing (1) is installed at the use position, and then the image sensor body (3) is positioned via the annular rubber airbag (2); S2: The target object is imaged, and the light reflected by the object passes through the optical element and reaches the filter structure control module (31), forming an image with a full band; S3: Determine the working mode of the filter structure, specify the central wavelength of the color λ1, λ2, λ3, ..., λn, and set the corresponding working mode V1, V2, V3, ..., Vn of the filter structure control module (31); S4: monochrome image acquisition, the sensor color selector triggers the filter structure control module (31) to adjust to the corresponding color, and triggers the exposure signal at the same time, so that the filter is a specified wavelength within a corresponding time, and after the reflected light of the photographed target passes through the structure, only the light of the specified wavelength band can reach the surface of the light sensor element array (33), and by reading the photoelectric conversion signal of the light sensor element array (33) within the corresponding time, the two-dimensional image intensity information of the monochrome light can be obtained, and the height controller (312) in the filter structure control module (31) sends a second voltage instruction, and the reading steps are repeated until all target colors are acquired; S5: Photoelectric conversion, the output light wave reaches the photoelectric conversion layer (331) of the light sensing element array (33), is converted into an electrical signal, and the converted digital signal is outputted through the signal readout circuit (332); S6: Data preprocessing, performing a series of data preprocessing on the digital signal obtained by the above operation mode, and outputting a complete color image data; S7: Displaying, displaying the color image obtained above through a display.

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