Wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a wind power tower cylinder anti-overturning monitoring and protection system, which comprises a workstation, a wind speed and direction sensor, a strain sensor, a relative displacement sensor and an external load applying device. The workstation is installed in a booster station and creates a simulation analysis model of a wind power tower cylinder. The wind speed and direction sensor is used for collecting wind speed and direction data. The strain sensor is used for collecting stress data of the wind power tower cylinder. The relative displacement sensor is used for collecting relative displacement data of upper and lower ends of the wind power tower cylinder. The external load applying device is used for applying anti-overturning load to the wind power tower cylinder. When the relative displacement reaches a set displacement threshold, the workstation analyzes stress conditions of the wind power tower cylinder according to the wind speed and direction data, and corrects the simulation analysis model in combination with the stress data and the relative displacement data. The simulation analysis model obtains an optimal additional load scheme for preventing the wind power tower cylinder from overturning. The external load applying device applies anti-overturning additional load to the wind tower cylinder according to the optimal additional load scheme. The application further discloses a wind power tower cylinder anti-overturning monitoring and protection method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wind power generation technology, specifically a wind turbine tower anti-tipping monitoring and protection system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of the clean and low-carbon energy transition, renewable energy has experienced rapid development due to its characteristics of cleanliness, safety, and sustainable development. Wind energy, as one of the renewable energy sources, possesses good economic viability and value for large-scale development and utilization. With the development of wind power generation technology, the proportion of tower structures in high-tower designs has increased. However, due to limitations in tower manufacturing processes and the characteristics of concrete materials themselves, problems such as poor quality stability, long construction periods, and complex installation still exist. Furthermore, it presents many risks and defects different from those of steel towers, making operation and maintenance more difficult.

[0003] In existing technologies, typical monitoring parameters for wind turbine pile foundations include foundation vibration, foundation displacement, foundation tilt angle, foundation stress and strain, as well as seepage, corrosion, and erosion. However, these parameters cannot immediately resolve the problems and require processing, analysis, and manual maintenance. Furthermore, the data used is entirely based on the corresponding sensors, and the sensitivity of the sensors affects the data analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system and method, which can monitor the tower tilt degree, tower strain and wind speed and direction in real time, and effectively prevent the wind turbine tower from overturning by applying anti-overturning load.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention first proposes a wind turbine tower anti-tipping monitoring and protection system, comprising: The workstation is installed inside the substation and creates a simulation analysis model of the wind turbine tower. Wind speed and direction sensors are installed on the top of wind turbine towers to collect wind speed and direction data. Strain sensors are installed on wind turbine towers to collect stress data on the towers. A relative displacement sensor is installed inside the wind turbine tower to collect relative displacement data between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower. External load application device, used to apply anti-overturning load to wind turbine towers; The wind speed and direction sensor, strain sensor, and relative displacement sensor respectively transmit the collected wind speed and direction data, stress data, and relative displacement data to the workstation via a data acquisition instrument. When the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower reaches a set displacement threshold, the workstation performs finite element simulation analysis on the stress condition of the wind turbine tower based on the wind speed and direction data, and corrects the simulation analysis model by combining the stress data and relative displacement data. The simulation analysis model calculates all additional load schemes based on the external load application device and obtains the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower from overturning. The external load application device applies an anti-overturning additional load to the wind turbine tower according to the optimal additional load scheme.

[0006] Furthermore, the relative displacement sensor includes an upper hinge support, a lower hinge support, a horizontal displacement gauge, and a tension sensor; The upper hinge support is fixedly installed on the top of the wind turbine tower, and the lower hinge support is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower. An elastic rope is provided between the upper hinge support and the lower hinge support. The two ends of the elastic rope are fixedly connected to the upper hinge support and the lower hinge support, respectively. The tension sensor is used to monitor the tension of the elastic rope to ensure that the elastic rope remains taut. The horizontal displacement gauge includes a mounting base on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower, a vertical column rotatably engaged with the mounting base, and a telescopic crossbar mounted on the vertical column. The end of the telescopic crossbar is provided with an annular hook sleeved on the elastic rope. An angle sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the vertical column is provided between the mounting base and the vertical column.

[0007] Furthermore, the principle by which the relative displacement sensor collects the relative displacement data between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower is as follows: in: This refers to the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower. To measure the height position of the horizontal displacement of an elastic rope using a horizontal displacement gauge; The height of the elastic rope measured by the horizontal displacement gauge Horizontal displacement at the location; The horizontal distance from a given position on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower to the lower hinge support; For elastic ropes at height The horizontal distance between the initial position and the given position; The angle of inclination of the elastic rope relative to the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower at its initial position; The length of the elastic rope in its initial position; The angle of inclination of the elastic rope relative to the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower when the upper end of the tower is tilted relative to the lower end. Let be the length of the elastic rope when the upper end of the wind turbine tower is tilted relative to the lower end, and: in: This is the length of the telescopic crossbar when the elastic rope is in its initial position; The length of the telescopic crossbar after the elastic rope has undergone horizontal displacement; The angle at which the vertical column rotates relative to the mounting base; The difference between the tension of the elastic rope at the upper end of the wind turbine tower relative to the lower end, as measured by the tension sensor, and the tension at the initial position; is the elastic coefficient of the elastic rope.

[0008] Furthermore, the wind turbine tower is constructed by splicing and assembling multiple tower walls.

[0009] Furthermore, the strain sensor is arranged at the vertical connection seam between two adjacent tower walls and at the middle position of the tower wall.

[0010] Furthermore, the strain sensor includes two mutually perpendicular strain gauges connected by a Wheatstone half-bridge.

[0011] Furthermore, the external load application device includes at least three external load application units evenly distributed in a ring around the wind turbine tower. Each external load application unit includes a traction support, a first test block, and a first load application device. The traction support is fixedly installed on the foundation of the wind turbine tower. The first test block is in a limiting fit with the foundation of the wind turbine tower. The first load application device is fixedly installed on the traction support. Each of the tower walls is provided with at least one hook, and the traction support is provided with a connecting plate. A first traction rope is provided between the hook and the corresponding connecting plate. The connecting plate is connected to the first load applying device by a first force applying rope. The first load applying device applies traction force to the corresponding tower wall through the first force applying rope and the first traction rope. A second traction rope is provided between the first test block and at least one of the first load applying devices. The first load applying device is connected to at least one of the first test blocks through the second traction rope. The second traction rope is used to balance the tension applied by the first force applying rope to the first load applying device.

[0012] Furthermore, the external load application device includes a ring track arranged around the wind turbine tower, a second load application device movable along the ring track, and a second test block that is limited and engaged with the foundation of the wind turbine tower; The inner and outer sides of the circular track are respectively provided with inner supports and outer supports; at least three first connecting plates that can move along the radial direction are evenly distributed in a ring on the inner support, and second connecting plates that can move along the radial direction are provided on the outer support in a one-to-one correspondence with the first connecting plates. Each of the tower walls is provided with at least one hook, and a third traction rope is provided between the hook and the first connecting plate; multiple second test blocks are evenly distributed in a ring, and a fourth traction rope is provided between the second test blocks and at least one second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate is connected to at least one second test block through the fourth traction rope; a first connector is provided on the first connecting plate; a second connector is provided on the second connecting plate; The second load-applying device has an inner connecting plate and an outer connecting plate on its inner and outer sides, respectively, which can move radially. The inner connecting plate has a first electromagnetic connector corresponding to the first connector, and the first electromagnetic connector can be connected or disconnected with the first connector by electromagnetic force. The inner connecting plate is connected to the first load-applying device by a second force-applying rope, and a traction force is applied to the corresponding tower wall by applying tension to the second force-applying rope. The outer connecting plate has a second electromagnetic connector corresponding to the second connector, and the second electromagnetic connector can be connected or disconnected with the second connector by electromagnetic force. The fourth traction rope is used to balance the tension applied by the second force-applying rope to the second load-applying device.

[0013] Furthermore, the wind speed and direction sensors are installed around the top of the wind turbine tower.

[0014] This invention also proposes a method for monitoring and protecting wind turbine towers against overturning, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Establish a simulation analysis model A simulation analysis model of the wind turbine tower was established within the workstation; Step Two: Data Collection and Monitoring Wind speed and direction data are collected using wind speed and direction sensors installed on the wind turbine tower. Stress data on the wind turbine tower are collected using strain sensors installed on the tower. The relative displacement data of the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower are collected using the set relative displacement sensors; Step 3: Determine whether the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower has reached the set displacement threshold: if yes, proceed to step 4; if no, proceed to step 2. Step 4: Stress Analysis of Wind Turbine Tower The collected wind speed and direction data are added to the simulation analysis model to analyze the stress on the wind turbine tower. Step 5: Revise the simulation analysis model The collected stress data and relative displacement data are added to the simulation analysis model to correct the simulation analysis model; Step Six: Solve for the optimal load scheme Based on the external load application device, all additional load schemes were tested using a simulation analysis model, and the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower from overturning was obtained. Step 7: Apply anti-overturning additional load Based on the optimal additional load scheme obtained from the solution, an anti-overturning additional load is applied to the wind tower using an external load application device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The wind turbine tower anti-tipping monitoring and protection system of the present invention can monitor the wind load on the wind turbine tower in real time by using a wind speed and direction sensor installed at the top of the wind turbine tower to collect wind speed and direction data in real time; it can monitor the stress data on the wind turbine tower in real time by using a strain sensor installed on the wind turbine tower; and it can measure the relative displacement data between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower in real time by using a relative displacement sensor installed inside the wind turbine tower, that is, it can monitor the deformation of the wind turbine tower in real time. In particular, when the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower reaches a set displacement threshold, it indicates that the wind turbine tower is overturned. If there is a risk of overturning, a simulation analysis model created within the workstation is used to analyze the stress on the wind turbine tower based on wind speed and direction data. The simulation analysis model is then corrected by combining stress data and relative displacement data to obtain the optimal additional load scheme. An external load application device is then used to apply an anti-overturning additional load to the wind turbine tower to prevent it from overturning. In summary, the wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system of this invention can monitor the tower's tilt, tower strain, and wind speed and direction in real time, and effectively prevent the wind turbine tower from overturning by applying an anti-overturning load. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the relative displacement sensor. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of region B; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a horizontal displacement gauge for measuring horizontal displacement. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a relative displacement sensor. Figure 6 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 7 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of region A is specifically a structural schematic diagram of the first method. Figure 8 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of region C; Figure 9 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of region A is specifically a structural diagram of the second method. Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of region D; Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the wind turbine tower anti-tipping monitoring and protection method of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10-Wind turbine tower; 11-Foundation; 12-Anti-collision ring; 13-Hook; 20-Workstation; 21-Boosting station; 22-Data acquisition instrument; 30-Wind speed and direction sensor; 40-Strain sensor; 50 - Relative displacement sensor; 51 - Upper hinge support; 52 - Lower hinge support; 53 - Horizontal displacement gauge; 531 - Mounting base; 532 - Vertical column; 533 - Telescopic crossbar; 534 - Ring hook; 535 - Angle sensor; 54 - Tension sensor; 55 - Elastic rope; 56 - Given position; 57 - Initial position; 58 - Tilt position; 60-External load application device; 61-Traction support; 62-First test block; 63-First load application device; 64-Connecting plate; 65-First traction rope; 66-First force application rope; 67-Second traction rope; 68-First guide wheel; 71-Circular track; 72-Second load application device; 73-Second test block; 74-Inner support; 75-Outer support; 76-First connecting plate; 77-Second connecting plate; 78-Third traction rope; 79-Fourth traction rope; 80-First connector; 81-Second connector; 82-Inner connecting plate; 83-Outer connecting plate; 84-First electromagnetic connector; 85-Second force application rope; 86-Second electromagnetic connector; 87-Second guide wheel; 88-First drive rod; 89-Second drive rod. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system of this embodiment includes: Workstation 20 is installed inside substation 21 and contains a simulation analysis model of wind turbine tower 10; The wind speed and direction sensor 30 is installed on the top of the wind turbine tower 10 to collect wind speed and direction data; Strain sensor 40 is installed on wind turbine tower 10 to collect stress data on wind turbine tower 10; A relative displacement sensor 50 is installed inside the wind turbine tower 10 to collect relative displacement data between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10. An external load application device 60 is used to apply an anti-overturning load to the wind turbine tower 10.

[0020] Specifically, in this embodiment, the wind speed and direction sensor 30, strain sensor 40, and relative displacement sensor 50 transmit the collected wind speed and direction data, stress data, and relative displacement data to the workstation 20 via the data acquisition instrument 22. When the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10 reaches a set displacement threshold, the workstation 20 performs finite element simulation analysis on the stress condition of the wind turbine tower 10 based on the wind speed and direction data, and corrects the simulation analysis model by combining the stress data and relative displacement data. The simulation analysis model calculates all additional load schemes based on the external load application device 60 and obtains the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower 10 from overturning. The external load application device 60 applies an anti-overturning additional load to the wind turbine tower 10 according to the optimal additional load scheme.

[0021] Specifically, in this embodiment, wind speed and direction sensors 30 are installed around the top of the wind turbine tower 10. The collected wind speed and direction data are cross-checked by wind speed and direction sensors 30 at multiple locations to improve the accuracy of the collected wind speed and direction data.

[0022] Specifically, the wind turbine tower 10 is constructed by splicing and installing multiple tower walls. Strain sensors 40 are arranged at the vertical connection seams between two adjacent tower walls and at the middle position of the tower wall. In this embodiment, the strain sensor 40 includes two mutually perpendicular strain gauges connected by a Wheatstone half-bridge, which enables real-time monitoring of the stress on the wind turbine tower 10.

[0023] Currently, the method for measuring the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10 can be achieved by using a total station to measure the geometric relationship between the tower height and the straight-line distance to calculate the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends. However, this method requires the tower to be erected on the outside of the tower, and manual operation and recording are required in real time, and the equipment is expensive. To measure the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10 in real time and transmit it remotely to the workstation 20, which is located inside the wind turbine tower 10 to reduce land occupation and the impact of the external environment, a different approach is needed.

[0024] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the relative displacement sensor 50 in this embodiment includes an upper hinge support 51, a lower hinge support 52, a horizontal displacement gauge 53, and a tension sensor 54. The upper hinge support 51 is fixedly installed on the top of the wind turbine tower 10, and the lower hinge support 52 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower 10. An elastic rope 55 is provided between the upper hinge support 51 and the lower hinge support 52. The two ends of the elastic rope 55 are fixedly connected to the upper hinge support 51 and the lower hinge support 52, respectively. The tension sensor 54 is used to monitor the tension of the elastic rope 55 to ensure that the elastic rope 55 remains taut.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the horizontal displacement gauge 53 is used to measure the horizontal displacement of the elastic rope 55 at a set height position. In this embodiment, the horizontal displacement gauge 53 includes a mounting base 531 disposed on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower 10, a vertical column 532 rotatably engaged with the mounting base 531, and a telescopic crossbar 533 mounted on the vertical column 532. The length of the telescopic crossbar 533 can be extended or shortened. In this embodiment, the end of the telescopic crossbar 533 is provided with an annular hook 534 sleeved on the elastic rope 55. An angle sensor 535 for detecting the rotation angle of the vertical column 532 is provided between the mounting base 531 and the vertical column 532.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 5-6 As shown, the principle of the relative displacement sensor 50 in this embodiment for collecting relative displacement data between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10 is as follows: in: The relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10; The horizontal displacement gauge 53 measures the height position of the horizontal displacement of the elastic rope 55. The height of the elastic rope 55 measured by the horizontal displacement gauge 53 The horizontal displacement at the location, that is, the horizontal distance between the initial position 57 and the tilted position 58; The horizontal distance from a given position 56 on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower 10 to the lower hinge support 52; For the elastic rope 55 at the height The horizontal distance between the initial position 57 and the given position 56; The angle of inclination of the elastic rope 55 relative to the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower 10 at the initial position 57; The length of the elastic rope 55 at the initial position 57; The angle of inclination of the elastic rope 55 relative to the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower 10 when the upper end of the wind turbine tower 10 is tilted relative to the lower end; The length of the elastic rope 55 when the upper end of the wind turbine tower 10 is tilted relative to the lower end, and as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the dashed line represents the position of the telescopic crossbar 533 when the elastic rope 55 is in its initial position 57, and the solid line represents the position of the telescopic crossbar 533 after the elastic rope 55 has undergone horizontal displacement. This allows us to obtain the position of the elastic rope 55 at different heights. Horizontal displacement at position This is equal to the displacement of the ring hook 534, that is: in: The length of the telescopic crossbar 533 when the elastic rope 55 is in the initial position 57; The length of the telescopic crossbar 533 after the elastic rope 55 has undergone horizontal displacement; The angle of rotation of the vertical column 532 relative to the mounting base 531. The length of the telescopic crossbar 533 can be measured in real time using displacement sensors, etc.

[0027] in: The difference between the tension of the elastic rope 55 at the upper end of the wind turbine tower 10 when it is tilted relative to the lower end, as measured by the tension sensor 54, and the tension at the initial position 57. The elastic coefficient of the elastic rope 55 is given. The vertical height of the wind turbine tower 10 changes constantly due to variations in vertical force, making it impossible to calculate the change in the horizontal side by comparing the vertical side to the inclined side. Therefore, this embodiment adds a horizontal displacement measurement at the bottom position to obtain the angle before and after the change, ultimately calculating the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10. The relative displacement sensor 50 in this embodiment can be arranged at any vertical position, even obliquely. The straight-line distance between the upper hinge support 51 and the lower hinge support 52 can be measured using the tension sensor 54 and the elastic rope 55, and the upper hinge support 51 and the lower hinge support 52 ensure the stressed length of the elastic rope 55. A horizontal displacement meter 53 is arranged near the ground level next to the lower hinge support 52 to measure the horizontal position of the elastic rope 55 at a fixed height.

[0028] Specifically, the external load application device 60 can be implemented in two ways.

[0029] (1) The first method like Figure 7-8 As shown, the external load application device 60 includes at least three external load application units evenly distributed in a ring around the wind turbine tower 10. Each external load application unit includes a traction support 61, a first test block 62, and a first load application device 63. The traction support 61 is fixedly installed on the foundation 11 of the wind turbine tower 10. The first test block 62 is fitted with the foundation 11 of the wind turbine tower 10 in a limiting engagement. The first load application device 63 is fixedly installed on the traction support 61. Preferably, the foundation 11 is provided with an anti-collision ring 12 to prevent rigid collision between the first test block 62 and the foundation 11.

[0030] Each tower wall is provided with at least one hook 13, and the traction support 61 is provided with a connecting plate 64. A first traction rope 65 is provided between the hook 13 and the corresponding connecting plate 64. The connecting plate 64 is connected to the first load applying device 63 by a first force applying rope 66. The first load applying device 63 applies traction force to the corresponding tower wall through the first force applying rope 66 and the first traction rope 65. In this embodiment, multiple first test blocks 62 are provided around the foundation 11 of the wind turbine tower 10. A second traction rope 67 is provided between each first test block 62 and at least one first load applying device 63. Each first load applying device 63 is connected to at least one first test block 62 through the second traction rope 67. The second traction rope 67 is used to balance the tension applied by the first force applying rope 66 to the first load applying device 63. In this embodiment, each tower wall is provided with two hooks 13. Of course, in the preferred embodiment, the traction support 61 is provided with a first guide wheel 68 for guiding the first traction rope 65 and the second traction rope 67.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first load application device 63 is an electric hoist. Thus, the wind turbine tower 10 is divided into regions according to the uniformly distributed external load application units. The first load application device 63 of each external load application unit can apply traction force to the tower wall of the corresponding region through the first force application rope 66 and the first traction rope 65. The simulation analysis model can calculate all additional load schemes based on the region division of the wind turbine tower 10 by the external load application device 60, and obtain the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower 10 from overturning. Then, each first load application device 63, according to the optimal additional load scheme, applies a corresponding amount of traction force to the tower wall of the corresponding region through the first force application rope 66 and the first traction rope 65 to prevent the wind turbine tower 10 from overturning.

[0032] (2) The second method like Figure 9-10As shown, the external load application device 60 includes an annular track 71 arranged around the wind turbine tower 10, a second load application device 72 movable along the annular track 71, and a second test block 73 that is limited and engaged with the foundation 11 of the wind turbine tower 10.

[0033] In this embodiment, the inner and outer sides of the annular track 71 are respectively provided with an inner support 74 and an outer support 75. At least three first connecting plates 76 that can move in the radial direction are evenly distributed in a ring on the inner support 74, and second connecting plates 77 that can move in the radial direction are provided on the outer support 75 in a one-to-one correspondence with the first connecting plates 76.

[0034] Each tower wall is provided with at least one hook 13, and a third traction rope 78 is provided between the hook 13 and the first connecting plate 76. The two ends of the third traction rope 78 are fixedly connected to the hook 13 and the first connecting plate 76, respectively. Multiple second test blocks 73 are evenly distributed in a ring, and a fourth traction rope 79 is provided between the second test block 73 and at least one second connecting plate 77. The second connecting plate 77 is connected to at least one second test block 73 through the fourth traction rope 79. The first connecting plate 76 is provided with a first connector 80; the second connecting plate 77 is provided with a second connector 81. The inner support 74 and the outer support 75 are respectively provided with second guide wheels 87 for guiding the third traction rope 78 and the fourth traction rope 79.

[0035] The second load applying device 72 has an inner connecting plate 82 and an outer connecting plate 83 on its inner and outer sides, respectively, which are movable in the radial direction. The inner connecting plate 82 has a first electromagnetic connector 84 corresponding to the first connector 80, and the first electromagnetic connector 84 and the first connector 80 can be connected or disconnected by electromagnetic force. The second load applying device 72 has a first drive rod 88 for driving the inner connecting plate 82 to move radially to achieve docking or disengagement between the first connector 80 and the first electromagnetic connector 84. The first drive rod 88 can be an electric cylinder. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first connector 80 has a spherical connector, and the first electromagnetic connector 84 has a spherical connecting groove adapted to the spherical connector. In this embodiment, the inner connecting plate 82 and the second load applying device 72 are connected by a second force applying rope 85, and the second load applying device 72 applies tension to the corresponding tower wall by applying tension to the second force applying rope 85. In this embodiment, a second electromagnetic connector 86 is provided on the outer connecting plate 83 corresponding to the second connector 81. The second electromagnetic connector 86 and the second connector 81 can be connected or disconnected by electromagnetic force. The second load applying device 72 is provided with a second drive rod 89 for driving the outer connecting plate 83 to move radially to achieve docking or disengagement between the second connector 81 and the second electromagnetic connector 86. The second drive rod 89 can be an electric cylinder. The fourth traction rope 79 is used to balance the tension applied by the second force applying rope 85 to the second load applying device 72. In this embodiment, the second connector 81 is provided with a spherical connector, and the second electromagnetic connector 86 is provided with a spherical connecting groove adapted to the spherical connector.

[0036] The wind turbine tower 10 is divided into regions based on the annularly distributed first connecting plates 76. Each first connecting plate 76 can be connected to the tower wall of the corresponding region via a third traction rope 78, and a traction force is applied to the tower wall of the corresponding region via a second load-applying device 72 and a second force-applying rope 85. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second load-applying device 72 is an electric hoist and is at least one. When there are at least two second load-applying devices 72, different second load-applying devices 72 are connected to different first connectors 80 and second connectors 81 via first electromagnetic connectors 84 and second electromagnetic connectors 86, thereby applying a traction force to the tower wall of different regions respectively. The simulation analysis model can be based on the area division of the wind turbine tower 10 by the external load application device 60, calculate all additional load schemes, and obtain the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower 10 from overturning. Then, each first load application device 63 applies a corresponding amount of traction force to the tower wall of the corresponding area through the first force application rope 66 and the first traction rope 65 according to the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower 10 from overturning.

[0037] The following describes in detail the specific implementation method of the wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system described in this embodiment.

[0038] like Figure 11 As shown in the figure, the wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection method of this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0039] Step 1: Establish a simulation analysis model.

[0040] A simulation analysis model of the wind turbine tower 10 is established within workstation 20.

[0041] Step 2: Data collection and monitoring.

[0042] Wind speed and direction data are collected using wind speed and direction sensors 30 installed on the wind turbine tower 10; Stress data of the wind turbine tower 10 are collected using strain sensors 40 installed on the wind turbine tower 10. The relative displacement data of the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10 are collected using the relative displacement sensor 50.

[0043] Step 3: Determine whether the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower 10 has reached the set displacement threshold: if yes, proceed to step 4; if no, proceed to step 2.

[0044] Step 4: Stress analysis of wind turbine tower 10.

[0045] The collected wind speed and direction data are added to the simulation analysis model to analyze the stress on the wind turbine tower 10.

[0046] Step 5: Revise the simulation analysis model.

[0047] The collected stress and relative displacement data are added to the simulation analysis model to correct it. Specifically, the strain of the tower body and the average strain error at the corresponding location in the simulation analysis are used to correct the overall strain. Data with an error value exceeding 10% (a predetermined threshold) are discarded and manually checked later to determine whether the problem is due to strain gauge damage or local cracks in the wind turbine tower 10. When the strain of the corrected simulation analysis model exceeds 70% of the design value (a predetermined threshold), the optimal scheme with the fewest load-bearing hooks 13 is found by substituting the number of additional load arrangement schemes for the wind turbine tower 10 into the corrected simulation model of workstation 20.

[0048] Step 6: Solve for the optimal load scheme.

[0049] Based on the external load application device 60, a simulation analysis model is used to calculate all additional load schemes and obtain the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower 10 from overturning. The search process can use a neural network algorithm to provide other load application requirements (such as uniform stress on the tower) for simulation analysis, so as to reduce the computing load on the workstation 20.

[0050] Step 7: Apply anti-overturning additional loads.

[0051] Based on the optimal additional load scheme obtained from the solution, an anti-overturning additional load is applied to the wind tower 10 using an external load application device 60.

[0052] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A wind turbine tower anti-tipping monitoring and protection system, characterized in that: include: The workstation is installed inside the substation and creates a simulation analysis model of the wind turbine tower. Wind speed and direction sensors are installed on the top of wind turbine towers to collect wind speed and direction data. Strain sensors are installed on wind turbine towers to collect stress data on the towers. A relative displacement sensor is installed inside the wind turbine tower to collect relative displacement data between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower. External load application device, used to apply anti-overturning load to wind turbine towers; The relative displacement sensor includes an upper hinge support, a lower hinge support, a horizontal displacement gauge, and a tension sensor; the upper hinge support is fixedly installed on the top of the wind turbine tower, and the lower hinge support is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower; an elastic rope is provided between the upper hinge support and the lower hinge support, and the two ends of the elastic rope are fixedly connected to the upper hinge support and the lower hinge support respectively; the tension sensor is used to monitor the tension of the elastic rope to ensure that the elastic rope remains taut. The horizontal displacement meter includes a mounting base on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower, a vertical column rotatably engaged with the mounting base, and a telescopic crossbar mounted on the vertical column. The end of the telescopic crossbar is provided with an annular hook sleeved on the elastic rope. An angle sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the vertical column is provided between the mounting base and the vertical column. The wind speed and direction sensor, strain sensor, and relative displacement sensor respectively transmit the collected wind speed and direction data, stress data, and relative displacement data to the workstation via a data acquisition instrument. When the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower reaches a set displacement threshold, the workstation performs finite element simulation analysis on the stress condition of the wind turbine tower based on the wind speed and direction data, and corrects the simulation analysis model by combining the stress data and relative displacement data. The simulation analysis model calculates all additional load schemes based on the external load application device and obtains the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower from overturning. The external load application device applies an anti-overturning additional load to the wind turbine tower according to the optimal additional load scheme.

2. The wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The principle behind the relative displacement sensor collecting relative displacement data between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower is as follows: in: This refers to the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower. To measure the height position of the horizontal displacement of an elastic rope using a horizontal displacement gauge; The height of the elastic rope measured by the horizontal displacement gauge Horizontal displacement at the location; The horizontal distance from a given position on the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower to the lower hinge support; For elastic ropes at height The horizontal distance between the initial position and the given position; The angle of inclination of the elastic rope relative to the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower at its initial position; The length of the elastic rope in its initial position; The angle of inclination of the elastic rope relative to the bottom surface of the wind turbine tower when the upper end of the tower is tilted relative to the lower end. Let be the length of the elastic rope when the upper end of the wind turbine tower is tilted relative to the lower end, and: in: This is the length of the telescopic crossbar when the elastic rope is in its initial position; The length of the telescopic crossbar after the elastic rope has undergone horizontal displacement; The angle at which the vertical column rotates relative to the mounting base; The difference between the tension of the elastic rope at the upper end of the wind turbine tower relative to the lower end, as measured by the tension sensor, and the tension at the initial position; is the elastic coefficient of the elastic rope.

3. The wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind turbine tower is constructed by splicing and assembling multiple tower walls.

4. The wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The strain sensors are arranged at the vertical joint between two adjacent tower walls and at the middle position of the tower wall.

5. The wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The strain sensor includes two mutually perpendicular strain gauges connected by a Wheatstone half-bridge.

6. The wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The external load application device includes at least three external load application units evenly distributed in a ring around the wind turbine tower. Each external load application unit includes a traction support, a first test block, and a first load application device. The traction support is fixedly installed on the foundation of the wind turbine tower. The first test block is in a limiting fit with the foundation of the wind turbine tower. The first load application device is fixedly installed on the traction support. Each of the tower walls is provided with at least one hook, and the traction support is provided with a connecting plate. A first traction rope is provided between the hook and the corresponding connecting plate. The connecting plate is connected to the first load applying device by a first force applying rope. The first load applying device applies traction force to the corresponding tower wall through the first force applying rope and the first traction rope. A second traction rope is provided between the first test block and at least one of the first load applying devices. The first load applying device is connected to at least one of the first test blocks through the second traction rope. The second traction rope is used to balance the tension applied by the first force applying rope to the first load applying device.

7. The wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The external load application device includes a ring track arranged around the wind turbine tower, a second load application device that can move along the ring track, and a second test block that is limited and matched with the foundation of the wind turbine tower. The inner and outer sides of the circular track are respectively provided with inner supports and outer supports; at least three first connecting plates that can move along the radial direction are evenly distributed in a ring on the inner support, and second connecting plates that can move along the radial direction are provided on the outer support in a one-to-one correspondence with the first connecting plates. Each of the tower walls is provided with at least one hook, and a third traction rope is provided between the hook and the first connecting plate; multiple second test blocks are evenly distributed in a ring, and a fourth traction rope is provided between the second test blocks and at least one second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate is connected to at least one second test block through the fourth traction rope; a first connector is provided on the first connecting plate; a second connector is provided on the second connecting plate; The second load-applying device has an inner connecting plate and an outer connecting plate on its inner and outer sides, respectively, which can move radially. The inner connecting plate has a first electromagnetic connector corresponding to the first connector, and the first electromagnetic connector can be connected or disconnected with the first connector by electromagnetic force. The inner connecting plate is connected to the second load-applying device by a second force rope, and applying tension to the second force rope applies a traction force to the corresponding tower wall. The outer connecting plate has a second electromagnetic connector corresponding to the second connector, and the second electromagnetic connector can be connected or disconnected with the second connector by electromagnetic force. The fourth traction rope is used to balance the tension applied by the second force rope to the second load-applying device.

8. The wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind speed and direction sensors are installed around the top of the wind turbine tower.

9. A method for monitoring and protecting wind turbine towers against overturning using the wind turbine tower anti-overturning monitoring and protection system as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish a simulation analysis model A simulation analysis model of the wind turbine tower was established within the workstation; Step Two: Data Collection and Monitoring Wind speed and direction data are collected using wind speed and direction sensors installed on the wind turbine tower. Stress data on the wind turbine tower are collected using strain sensors installed on the tower. The relative displacement data of the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower are collected using the set relative displacement sensors; Step 3: Determine whether the relative displacement between the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine tower has reached the set displacement threshold: if yes, proceed to step 4; if no, proceed to step 2. Step 4: Stress Analysis of Wind Turbine Tower The collected wind speed and direction data are added to the simulation analysis model to analyze the stress on the wind turbine tower. Step 5: Revise the simulation analysis model The collected stress data and relative displacement data are added to the simulation analysis model to correct the simulation analysis model; Step Six: Solve for the optimal load scheme Based on the external load application device, all additional load schemes were tested using a simulation analysis model, and the optimal additional load scheme to prevent the wind turbine tower from overturning was obtained. Step 7: Apply anti-overturning additional load Based on the optimal additional load scheme obtained from the solution, an anti-overturning additional load is applied to the wind tower using an external load application device.

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