Multi-band double-ring sleeve microstrip antenna for mine

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of mining multi-band double-ring sleeve microstrip antenna, belong to wireless communication technical field.The antenna includes the single pole structure of loading load, double-ring sleeve structure symmetrically distributed in the two sides of single pole structure, the ground plane structure etched with two kinds of slots, and dielectric substrate.Single pole structure is loaded with hexagonal metal structure and symmetric triangle gradient structure;Sleeve metal structure is etched with two kinds of slots, including periodic arrangement of elongated rectangular slot and the symmetric flag-shaped slot of two sides;Ground plane structure is etched with three kinds of slots, including rectangular slot, flag-shaped slot and open rectangular slot.Double-ring sleeve structure includes multiple ring structures, which adds many resonance frequency points to the antenna, and these frequency points are influenced by the length, width of slot and the circumference of ring sleeve structure;At the same time, through the modification of ground plane structure, the bandwidth performance of antenna is improved.The gradient structure on single pole structure improves antenna impedance matching and expands antenna frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wireless communication technology and relates to a mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna. Background Technology

[0002] The mine environment is a complex communication environment, where the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves are affected by various conditions, including tunnel geometry, tunnel space, and cross-sectional dimensions. The transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves differ in circular, arched, and curved tunnels. For example, in straight tunnels, higher frequencies result in lower attenuation rates, which is more favorable for high-frequency electromagnetic wave propagation; conversely, in curved tunnels, higher frequencies result in higher attenuation rates, which is less favorable for electromagnetic wave propagation. Different mine scenarios have different requirements for bandwidth, latency, power consumption, and reliability, and a single communication frequency band cannot meet the needs of all application scenarios in the mine environment. Antennas used in the radio frequency front-end are a key component. By designing a multi-frequency antenna covering multiple communication frequency bands, multiple communication systems can be integrated to address different application scenarios in the mine environment. These frequency bands are: 570-650MHz and 810MHz-830MHz, which are typically used for public safety and emergency communications; 1427.9MHz-1447.9MHz for LTE band 11 and 2010MHz-2025MHz for LTE band 16, which are 4G communication bands; 2570MHz-2620MHz for 5G NR n38 and 3300MHz-4200MHz for 5G NR n77; and 2401.5MHz-2481.5MHz and 5150MHz-5850MHz for WLAN / WiFi.

[0003] Monopole antennas are simple in structure and easy to manufacture. Their compact size makes them a more practical choice, but their lack of multi-frequency capability is one of the main factors limiting their widespread adoption. Sleeve structures offer the potential for broadband and multi-frequency operation, making them an effective solution for extending the frequency bands of monopole antennas. Applying sleeve structures to monopole antennas is an important method for realizing multi-band antenna solutions for mining applications. Furthermore, double-ring sleeve structures can increase the antenna current resonant path, thereby improving communication bandwidth performance. This makes them a better solution for designing compact antennas, leading to their widespread use in mobile devices.

[0004] This invention is based on a sleeve structure and designs a new double-ring sleeve, which helps the original microstrip antenna to support multiple frequency bands simultaneously, which is of innovative significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna. By utilizing the multi-frequency and broadband performance of the sleeve structure, the ordinary rectangular sleeve structure is transformed into two ring sleeve structures, the ground plane is modified, and a gradient structure is added. The monopole antenna can cover multiple target frequency bands, including high-frequency bands and low-frequency bands that are 7 times different in frequency. This allows underground wireless communication equipment to cover more shapes of underground mine tunnels.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna, comprising a monopole structure, a sleeve structure, a ground plane structure, and a dielectric substrate.

[0008] The sleeve structure consists of metal patches on both sides of the radiating structure. This structure is etched with two types of slots: a set of periodically arranged elongated rectangular slots at the bottom of the antenna and symmetrical flag-shaped slots distributed on both sides of the monopole structure. Each side of the monopole structure has a set of six slots, with equal spacing between every two elongated rectangular slots. This periodic arrangement helps the antenna cover more frequencies. The flag-shaped slots are composed of two rectangles of unequal size; these slots are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the monopole structure and are centrally symmetrical with another pair of flag-shaped slots. The symmetrical flag-shaped slots etch the sleeve structure into a ring structure, with each side of the ring composed of metal structures near the flag-shaped slots. This ring structure increases the antenna current resonance path, expands the antenna's operating frequency band, and the sleeve structure obtains coupled feed energy through this ring structure.

[0009] The ground plane structure has three types of slots: an elongated rectangular slot, a flag-shaped slot, and an open rectangular slot. The elongated rectangular slot and the flag-shaped slot are located at the bottom and middle of the ground plane structure, respectively, and are axially symmetrically distributed. The sleeve structure feeds energy through the elongated rectangular slot and the flag-shaped slot, simultaneously increasing the current resonance path and enriching the antenna's resonant frequency. The open rectangular slot is located at the top of the ground plane structure; this structure helps improve the antenna's resonance performance within the frequency band.

[0010] The monopole structure is a microstrip radiating structure loaded with a hexagonal load. This structure consists of a non-uniform rectangular metal structure and a hexagonal metal structure loaded with a gradient structure. Symmetrical thin rectangular patches are located on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure, and symmetrical triangular gradient structures are loaded on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure. The microstrip radiating structure loaded with the hexagonal load is connected to the feed port via a microstrip feed line.

[0011] The dielectric substrate is made of FR4 material, which has a dielectric constant of 4.4, a thickness of 1 mm, and a length and width of 200 mm × 18 mm.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention proposes a multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna for mining. By transforming the traditional rectangular sleeve into two ring sleeve structures, the antenna current resonant path is increased, introducing new resonant frequencies, thereby achieving multi-frequency targeting. By adding a triangular gradient structure and improving the ground plane structure (specifically, etching an open rectangular slot at the top of the ground plane), the antenna's radiation efficiency and bandwidth performance are improved. This gives the antenna stronger signal coverage for mine tunnels of different shapes. Furthermore, this invention also loads a rectangular load in the middle of the monopole structure and etches periodically arranged rectangular slots at the bottom of the sleeve structure, which plays a crucial role in increasing the antenna current resonant path and improving resonant performance.

[0013] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0015] Figure 1 This is the overall structure of a mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a top view of the multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna for mining according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 The upper surface of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is the dielectric layer of the multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna for mining applications of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is the lower surface of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 The standing wave ratio (SWR) of the multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna for mining applications according to this invention;

[0021] Figure 7 The radiation pattern of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention at 0.62 GHz;

[0022] Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention at 0.82 GHz;

[0023] Figure 9 The radiation pattern of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention at 1.44 GHz;

[0024] Figure 10 The radiation pattern of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention at 2.07 GHz;

[0025] Figure 11 The radiation pattern of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention at 2.52 GHz;

[0026] Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention at 3.36 GHz;

[0027] Figure 13 This is a peak gain diagram of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0029] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0030] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] To address the challenges of complex communication conditions in mine environments, this invention utilizes the multi-frequency and broadband performance of a sleeve structure. By transforming a standard rectangular sleeve structure into two annular sleeve structures, modifying the ground plane, and adding gradient structures, a monopole antenna can cover multiple target frequency bands, including high-frequency and low-frequency bands that differ by a factor of seven. This allows underground wireless communication equipment to cover more diverse shapes of underground mine tunnels.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this is a mining multi-frequency microstrip antenna with a double-ring sleeve structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna structure consists of four parts from top to bottom: a monopole structure and a sleeve structure, a dielectric substrate and a ground plane structure.

[0033] The monopole structure described above and the monopole structure in the sleeve structure (1) are as follows: Figure 3 The diagram shows a microstrip radiating structure loaded with a hexagonal load. The microstrip radiating structure is mainly composed of a non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107) and a hexagonal metal structure (114) loaded with a gradient structure. Symmetrical thin rectangular patches (110) and (111) are located on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107), and symmetrical triangular gradient structures (112) and (113) are loaded on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107). The microstrip radiating structure loaded with the hexagonal load is connected to the feed port through a microstrip feed line.

[0034] The sleeve structure in the above-mentioned monopole structure and sleeve structure (1) is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the sleeve metal patches (101) and (102) on both sides of the radiating structure are shown. The sleeve structure is etched with three sets of symmetrical grooves of different shapes: periodically arranged elongated rectangular grooves (103) and (104) at the bottom of the antenna, of which there is a set of six grooves on each side of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107), with a spacing of 0.6 mm between each pair of elongated rectangular grooves. The second pair of grooves from bottom to top are symmetrical flag-shaped grooves (105) and (106) distributed on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107), and the flag-shaped grooves are composed of two rectangles of different sizes. The symmetrical flag-shaped grooves (108) and (109) at the top are the third pair of grooves, which are also symmetrically distributed on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107) and are centrally symmetrical with the symmetrical flag-shaped grooves (105) and (106). The second and third pairs of grooves etch the sleeve structure into a ring structure, and each side of the ring is composed of the metal structure near the flag-shaped grooves. There are two annular structures on each side of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107), and the two annular structures on the same side are centrally symmetrical and share a common middle edge. These four annular structures constitute two pairs of annular sleeves symmetrical to the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107).

[0035] The above dielectric substrate (2) is as follows Figure 4As shown, the material used is FR4 with a dielectric constant of 4.4, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1mm, and the length and width are 200mm×18mm. The monopole structure and the sleeve structure (1) are on the top layer of the dielectric substrate (2) for the excitation and radiation of the microstrip antenna. The ground plane structure (3) is on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate (2) for grounding.

[0036] The above-mentioned ground surface structure (3) is as follows Figure 5 The image shows a metal structure etched with three types of grooves. Two pairs of slender rectangular grooves are etched in the middle of the structure, with symmetrically distributed narrow slits below, corresponding to the symmetrical flag-shaped grooves (105) and (106) on the top layer. Above the first pair of grooves is a pair of symmetrically distributed flag-shaped grooves. This structure can increase the current resonance path and enrich the antenna resonant frequency. Simultaneously, an open rectangular groove is formed on the top of the metal sheet to improve the antenna bandwidth and enhance the radiation efficiency of the radiating structure.

[0037] The aforementioned mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna, wherein the triangular gradient structures (112) and (113) loaded on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107) can help the antenna improve impedance matching and extend the antenna frequency band. The symmetrical thin rectangular patches (110) and (111) loaded on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107) can enable the microstrip radiating structure loaded with hexagonal structures to generate more current resonance paths, thereby realizing the multi-frequency performance of the antenna. The resonance point is related to the length of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107) and the position of the thin rectangular patches (110) and (111) on the non-uniform rectangular metal structure (107).

[0038] In the aforementioned mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna, the sleeve metal patches (101) and (102) are not directly fed; they obtain energy through coupling. The periodically arranged slender rectangular slots (103) and (104) at the bottom of the sleeve structure are etched with multiple small rectangular slots. Individual small rectangular slots without ground influence are not significant for increasing the antenna's resonant paths; only the periodic arrangement of multiple small rectangular slots increases the possibility of more resonant frequencies. Under the influence of ground-coupled energy, the antenna obtains multiple resonant paths, helping it cover multiple resonant frequency bands. The two pairs of symmetrical flag-shaped slots (105) and (106), (108) and (109) above the periodic rectangular slots allow the antenna's sleeve structure to be cut into multiple ring antennas. Compared to ordinary rectangular slots, the advantage of flag-shaped slots is that the sleeve structure etched by such slots has more slender metal structures, which is more conducive to the formation of a dual-ring metal structure. The partial length and overall length of the loop antenna correspond to wavelengths of different frequencies. In this way, the loop sleeve structure introduces many resonant frequencies into the antenna. These resonant frequencies are controlled by the dimensions of the multiple loop metal structures formed by the cutting process. By adjusting the length and width of the slots to change the length of the loop sleeve structure, the resonant frequencies can be tuned.

[0039] In this embodiment, the overall dimensions of the proposed multi-band mining dual open sleeve antenna are 200 mm × 18 mm. For the specific dimensions of the antenna, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 2-5 And Table 1.

[0040] Table 1

[0041] w 18 l 200 w1 7.25 l1 110 w3 0.60 l3 5 wf 1 w4 2.36 l4 20 lf 182 lt 42 wt 3 f1 9.62 f2 7 g1 0.6 g2 0.3 wc1 5 wc2 2 wc3 3 wc4 1.25 ld1 3 ld2 7 ld3 15 ld4 70 ld5 5 lc1 65 lc2 50 w5 0.6 l5 29 w61 2.4 w62 1.2 l 30 l61 16 lb 82 lm 9 h 1

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the VSWR of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna proposed in this embodiment is... Figure 6 It can be seen that the antenna's VSWR is less than 2 in the frequency bands of 0.57-0.65 GHz, 0.81-0.83 GHz, 1.42-1.46 GHz, 1.99-2.16 GHz, 2.38-2.72 GHz, 3.26-3.93 GHz, and 5.06-5.86 GHz. The VSWRs of the antenna at the center frequencies of 0.62 GHz, 0.82 GHz, 1.44 GHz, 2.07 GHz, 2.52 GHz, 3.36 GHz, and 5.50 GHz are 1.56, 1.22, 1.26, 1.58, 1.03, 1.29, and 1.76, respectively.

[0043] like Figures 7-12Simulations of the radiation patterns of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna proposed in this embodiment at 0.62 GHz, 0.82 GHz, 1.44 GHz, 2.07 GHz, 2.52 GHz, and 3.36 GHz show that the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna has very small non-circularity and exhibits horizontal omnidirectional radiation at all six frequency points.

[0044] like Figure 13 The figure shows the gain simulation of the mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment. Figure 13 It can be seen that the antenna's gains at resonant frequencies of 0.62 GHz, 0.82 GHz, 1.44 GHz, 2.07 GHz, 2.52 GHz, 3.36 GHz, and 5.50 GHz are 2.24 dBi, 1.21 dBi, 2.85 dBi, 2.77 dBi, 3.65 dBi, 3.29 dBi, and 1.36 dBi, respectively.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna, characterized in that, It includes a dielectric substrate, a monopole structure and a sleeve structure located on the top layer of the dielectric substrate, and a ground plane structure located on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate; The monopole structure is a microstrip radiating structure loaded with a hexagonal load. The microstrip radiating structure consists of a non-uniform rectangular metal structure and a hexagonal metal structure loaded with a gradient structure. Symmetrical thin rectangular patches are provided on both sides of the non-uniform rectangular metal structure. The sleeve structure is a sleeve metal patch symmetrically distributed on both sides of the monopole structure. The sleeve structure is etched with two types of grooves, including a set of periodically arranged slender rectangular grooves located at the bottom of the antenna, and symmetrical flag-shaped grooves distributed on both sides of the monopole structure. The symmetrical flag-shaped grooves include a first pair of flag-shaped grooves and a second pair of flag-shaped grooves. The first pair of flag-shaped grooves and the second pair of flag-shaped grooves are symmetrical about the monopole structure, and the two grooves on the same side are symmetrical about the center, so that the single-sided sleeve metal patch forms two annular metal structures with a common middle edge. The elongated rectangular slots increase the antenna resonant frequency by periodically arranging them; the symmetrical flag-shaped slots etch the sleeve structure into a ring structure to increase the antenna current resonant path and extend the operating frequency band. The sleeve structure feeds energy through the slender rectangular groove and flag-shaped groove of the ground surface structure.

2. The mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground plane structure has three types of grooves, including an elongated rectangular groove, a flag-shaped groove, and an open rectangular groove; the elongated rectangular groove is located at the bottom of the ground plane structure, the flag-shaped groove is located in the middle of the ground plane structure, and the open rectangular groove is located at the top of the ground plane structure. The sleeve structure feeds energy through the slender rectangular slot and the flag-shaped slot; the open rectangular slot helps improve the antenna's resonance performance in the frequency band.

3. The mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monopole structure includes a hexagonal radiating structure and a triangular gradient structure; the hexagonal radiating structure is loaded at the top of the monopole structure, and the triangular gradient structure is connected to the hexagonal radiating structure.

4. The mining multi-band dual-ring sleeve microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four flag-shaped grooves etched on the sleeve structure are symmetrical about the monopole and are centrally symmetrical on the same side of the monopole structure; the fine rectangular grooves and flag-shaped grooves etched on the ground plane structure are axially symmetrical.

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