Manhole cover monitoring methods, devices, systems, media and program products

Abstract

This disclosure provides a method, device, system, medium, and program product for monitoring manhole covers, relating to the field of mobile communication technology. The method includes: sending a first monitoring optical signal to a manhole cover signal acquisition device via the monitoring unit of the OLT device; receiving a second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device via the monitoring unit of the OLT device; wherein the first and second monitoring optical signals are transmitted via optical fiber; and determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and a standard reflected monitoring optical signal; wherein the standard transmitted monitoring optical signal is the optical signal reflected when the manhole cover is in a normal state. The method provided by this disclosure can improve manhole cover monitoring efficiency, reduce labor costs, and enhance the applicability of the manhole cover monitoring method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a method, device, system, medium, and program product for monitoring manhole covers. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, with the rapid development of mobile communication services, cables are laid all over the country, and these cables are usually buried underground. To facilitate the transfer, inspection, and maintenance of these cables, manholes or hand wells are installed approximately every 100 meters along roads, with movable, openable covers. To prevent damage, loss, or theft of these covers, monitoring is necessary. Currently, manhole cover monitoring is typically conducted through manual inspections and surveillance, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, inefficient, and costly in terms of manpower. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a method, device, system, medium, and program product for monitoring manhole covers. The technical solution of this disclosure is as follows:

[0004] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a manhole cover monitoring method, applied to a manhole cover monitoring system, the manhole cover monitoring system including an OLT device, the OLT device being equipped with a monitoring unit, and the manhole cover monitoring method including:

[0005] The monitoring unit of the OLT device sends a first monitoring optical signal to the manhole cover signal acquisition device;

[0006] The monitoring unit of the OLT device receives the second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device; wherein the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal are transmitted through optical fiber;

[0007] Based on the second monitoring light signal and the standard reflected monitoring light signal, the monitoring result of the manhole cover is determined; wherein, the standard transmitted monitoring light signal is the light signal reflected when the manhole cover is in a normal state.

[0008] In one possible implementation, there are multiple manhole covers, and the manhole cover signal acquisition device of each manhole cover reflects a second monitoring light signal back to the monitoring unit;

[0009] The step of determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal includes:

[0010] Based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of each of the second monitoring optical signals, determine the manhole cover corresponding to each group of the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal;

[0011] The monitoring result for each manhole cover is determined based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal corresponding to each manhole cover.

[0012] In one possible implementation, determining the manhole cover corresponding to each group of the first and second monitoring optical signals based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of each of the second monitoring optical signals includes:

[0013] For a certain set of first monitoring optical signals and second monitoring optical signals, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signals is determined based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of the second monitoring optical signal;

[0014] The distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device is calculated based on the speed of light in a vacuum, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signal, and the refractive index of the optical fiber.

[0015] Based on the distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device, the manhole cover corresponding to the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal is determined.

[0016] In one possible implementation, determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal includes:

[0017] Obtain the standard optical power of the standard reflected monitoring optical signal and the second optical power of the second monitoring optical signal;

[0018] Calculate the change in optical power between the standard optical power and the second optical power;

[0019] The monitoring results of the manhole cover are determined based on the change in optical power.

[0020] In one possible implementation, determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the change in optical power includes:

[0021] Obtain the preset change threshold value;

[0022] Determine whether the change in optical power is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold value;

[0023] If the change in optical power is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the monitoring status of the manhole cover is determined to be abnormal.

[0024] In one possible implementation, after determining that the monitoring status of the manhole cover is abnormal when the change is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the method further includes:

[0025] Output prompt information; wherein, the prompt information includes the manhole information corresponding to the manhole cover, and the manhole information includes one or more of the following: manhole identifier, manhole location, manhole cover monitoring status, and optical power change.

[0026] Secondly, this disclosure provides a manhole cover monitoring device, comprising:

[0027] The signal transmission module is used to send a first monitoring optical signal to the manhole cover signal acquisition device through the monitoring unit of the OLT device;

[0028] The signal receiving module is used to receive the second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device through the monitoring unit of the OLT device; wherein the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal are transmitted through optical fiber;

[0029] The monitoring module is used to determine the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring light signal and the standard reflected monitoring light signal; wherein the standard transmitted monitoring light signal is the light signal emitted when the manhole cover is in a normal state.

[0030] Thirdly, this disclosure provides a manhole cover monitoring system, including an OLT device and a manhole cover signal acquisition device installed in the manhole. The OLT device is equipped with a monitoring unit, which includes a circulator, a data processing module, a laser module, and a spectral analysis module, wherein:

[0031] The monitoring unit of the OLT device is used for:

[0032] The laser module emits a first monitoring optical signal, which then passes through the circulator and enters the optical fiber.

[0033] The circulator receives the second monitoring optical signal transmitted back from the well via the optical fiber and transmits the second monitoring optical signal to the spectral analysis module.

[0034] The second monitoring optical signal is analyzed and processed by the spectral analysis module to obtain optical power change data, and the optical power change data is transmitted to the data processing module.

[0035] The data processing module determines the monitoring results of the manhole cover based on the optical power change data.

[0036] Fourthly, this disclosure provides an electronic device, including:

[0037] processor;

[0038] Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions;

[0039] The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the method described in the first aspect.

[0040] Fifthly, this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0041] In a sixth aspect, this disclosure provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions, characterized in that the computer program / instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method described in the first aspect.

[0042] The technical solution disclosed in this paper brings at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] In this embodiment, a manhole cover monitoring system is applied. The manhole cover monitoring system includes an OLT device, which is equipped with a monitoring unit. The manhole cover monitoring method involves sending a first monitoring optical signal to a manhole cover signal acquisition device via the monitoring unit of the OLT device; receiving a second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device via the monitoring unit of the OLT device; wherein the first and second monitoring optical signals are transmitted via optical fiber; and determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and a standard reflected monitoring optical signal; wherein the standard transmitted monitoring optical signal is the optical signal reflected when the manhole cover is in a normal state. In this way, automatic monitoring of the manhole cover status can be achieved by sending monitoring optical signals via the monitoring unit of the OLT device and receiving monitoring optical signals reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device, using the standard reflected monitoring optical signal and the received reflected optical signal. This effectively improves the efficiency of manhole cover monitoring and reduces labor costs. Furthermore, by adding a monitoring unit to the existing OLT device and installing a manhole cover signal acquisition device on the manhole cover, the deployment cost and difficulty of the manhole cover monitoring system can be reduced, and the applicability of the manhole cover monitoring method can be improved.

[0044] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure, and are not intended to unduly limit this disclosure.

[0046] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a manhole cover monitoring method provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a manhole cover monitoring system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OLT device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring unit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a manhole cover collection device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a manhole cover monitoring device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0055] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) and signals involved in this disclosure are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions.

[0056] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in this disclosed technical solution all comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0057] It should be noted that in the embodiments disclosed herein, there may be some existing solutions in the industry such as software, components, and models. These should be considered as exemplary, and their purpose is only to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solutions disclosed herein. However, it does not mean that the applicant has used or necessarily used such solutions.

[0058] In related technologies, with the rapid development of communication services, cables are laid all over the country. Moreover, to accommodate urbanization, the vast majority of these cables are laid underground. Therefore, various communication pipes and cables are buried in roads in cities and rural areas. To facilitate the transfer, inspection, and maintenance of these pipelines, manholes or hand wells are installed approximately every 100 meters along roads. These wells are equipped with openable and movable manhole covers to ensure normal cable communication. On the other hand, manhole covers are also mainly used to cover the manholes in the road to prevent people or objects from falling in. Currently, each city has a huge number of manhole covers. Because these manhole covers are usually located outdoors and are made of various materials, they are exposed to the ground for a long time and are subject to varying degrees of cracking and damage. Furthermore, due to their openable and movable nature, some manhole covers are stolen. However, the damage, loss, and theft of manhole covers not only cause damage to underground materials and facilities, and the unauthorized misuse or theft of pipeline resources, but also pose a serious threat to the safety of existing traffic vehicles and the travel safety of citizens and pedestrians. This not only causes economic losses to the country and the people, but also brings great hidden dangers to people's personal safety.

[0059] Therefore, traditionally, there are two ways to deal with the aforementioned damage or theft of manhole covers on pipelines. One is for the relevant maintenance unit to arrange a large number of personnel to conduct regular inspections and monitoring; the other is to receive reports of malfunctions from the public and then repair them on-site. Given the wide distribution and large number of manhole covers, these methods of checking for abnormalities are laborious and time-consuming, making real-time monitoring of manhole covers difficult and increasing operating costs.

[0060] Based on this, related technologies also include using electronic alarm systems for safety monitoring of manhole covers. However, this method suffers from system power supply issues. Both local lithium battery power supply and remote cable power supply present insurmountable technical problems. For example, the information acquisition devices and lithium battery installations often struggle to adapt to the harsh environment inside the manholes, such as moisture damage and aging. Remote power supply setup is also difficult and easily damaged. Furthermore, existing SMS alarms and telephone line alarms mostly use single technologies and fail to achieve a distributed network monitoring effect, resulting in high maintenance difficulty and cost, thus failing to serve as an effective manhole cover monitoring solution.

[0061] Therefore, this disclosure provides a method, device, system, medium, and program product for monitoring manhole covers. It allows the monitoring unit of an OLT device to send a first monitoring optical signal to the manhole cover signal acquisition device; and the monitoring unit of the OLT device to receive a second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device. The first and second monitoring optical signals are transmitted via optical fiber. Based on the second monitoring optical signal and a standard reflected monitoring optical signal, the monitoring result of the manhole cover is determined. The standard transmitted monitoring optical signal is the optical signal reflected when the manhole cover is in a normal state. In this way, based on the monitoring unit of the OLT device sending the monitoring optical signal and receiving the monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device, and using the standard reflected monitoring optical signal and the received reflected optical signal, automatic monitoring of the manhole cover status can be achieved. This effectively improves the efficiency of manhole cover monitoring and reduces labor costs. Furthermore, by adding a monitoring unit to the existing OLT device and setting up a manhole cover signal acquisition device on the manhole cover, the deployment cost and difficulty of the manhole cover monitoring system can be reduced, and the applicability of the manhole cover monitoring method can be improved.

[0062] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a manhole cover monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method can be applied to a manhole cover monitoring system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the manhole cover monitoring system may include an OLT (Optical Line Terminal) device and a manhole cover signal acquisition device installed in the manhole. The OLT device is equipped with a monitoring unit, which includes a circulator, a data processing module, a laser module, and a spectral analysis module, wherein:

[0064] The monitoring unit of the OLT device is used for:

[0065] The first monitoring optical signal is emitted through the laser module and enters the optical fiber through the circulator;

[0066] The circulator receives the second monitoring optical signal transmitted back from the well via optical fiber and transmits the second monitoring optical signal to the spectral analysis module.

[0067] The second monitoring optical signal is analyzed and processed by the spectral analysis module to obtain optical power change data, and the optical power change data is transmitted to the data processing module.

[0068] The monitoring results of the manhole cover are determined by the data processing module based on the optical power change data.

[0069] In the embodiments disclosed herein, such as Figure 2As shown, the manhole cover monitoring system mainly includes OLT equipment, manhole cover signal acquisition devices installed in the manhole, a transmission network, and a network management computer. The transmission network is used to realize network transmission between the OLT equipment and the network management computer. This is understandable. Figure 2 The example uses n manholes. In practice, the number of manholes can be set according to the actual situation, and each manhole is equipped with a manhole cover signal acquisition device.

[0070] The OLT device in this embodiment differs from OLT devices in related technologies. This OLT device is equipped with a monitoring unit and is a novel type of OLT device. Combined with... Figure 3 The OLT device includes a monitoring unit, as well as PON (Passive Optical Network) downlink units, PON uplink units, and a PON main control unit. The monitoring unit can be externally mounted and managed by a separate network management system; alternatively, it can be integrated into the transmission equipment, sharing the original transmission equipment's network management network. As an example, the monitoring unit can be integrated into the transmission equipment, reducing the need for additional network management deployment. The monitoring optical signal emitted by the monitoring unit can be coupled with the main signal optical signal emitted by the OLT device before entering the transmission fiber, or it can be transmitted independently into the fiber.

[0071] Further integration Figure 4The monitoring unit of the OLT device can occupy one slot width of the original OLT device, including a circulator, a data processing module, a laser module, and a spectral analysis module. The laser module is connected to the OLT device sub-frame via a backplane and draws power from the slot in the sub-frame. The data processing module communicates with the main control unit of the OLT device via the backplane of the OLT device sub-frame, enabling the reporting of monitoring information to the network management computer within the existing OLT network. As an example, the laser module emits a monitoring optical signal (i.e., the first monitoring optical signal) for monitoring manhole covers. As a specific example, unlike the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) communication used in existing passive optical networks, this embodiment uses a broadband light source with a wavelength range of 1560nm-1620nm. One end of the circulator is connected to the laser module, and the other end has an external interface connected to the fiber core of the optical cable. The third port of the circulator is connected to the spectral analysis module. The main function of the circulator is to transmit the reflected light signal (i.e., the second monitoring light signal) through the third port (i.e., the channel to the spectral analysis module), thus separating the emitted and reflected light. The spectral analysis module can have a built-in adjustable optical amplifier to amplify the weaker received reflected light signal (i.e., the second monitoring light signal). Its main function is to analyze the reflected light signal. The data processing module processes the power parameter variables of the reflected light signal (i.e., the second monitoring light signal). By acquiring the optical power values ​​of the reflected light (i.e., the second monitoring light signal) from wells at different distances, it analyzes the changes in the optical power parameter (i.e., optical power change data). Combining the optical power change data with the theoretical optical power value, it obtains the monitoring results of the well cover and reports these results to the network management computer via the transmission network.

[0072] The manhole cover data collection device can be matched one-to-one with the manhole. See also Figure 5 For a specific manhole, one end of the manhole cover acquisition device is connected to the manhole cover, and the other end is connected to the bottom or wall of the manhole. An optical fiber is coiled within the acquisition device, which is made of an elastic material and has a deformable spring in the center. When the manhole cover is pulled upwards, the acquisition device deforms, causing a change in the radius of curvature of the optical fiber, resulting in a change in the optical power of the reflected light at that location. Conversely, when the manhole cover is pressed downwards (damaged), the acquisition device also deforms, causing a change in the radius of curvature of the optical fiber, again resulting in a change in the optical power of the reflected light at that location. Therefore, by monitoring the change in the optical power of the reflected light at the manhole cover, the deformation of the acquisition device can be determined, thus enabling online monitoring of the manhole cover. Understandably, the optical signal transmission between the monitoring unit and the acquisition device can be achieved through optical fiber, such as G.652 or G.655 fiber.

[0073] In conjunction with the aforementioned manhole cover monitoring system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the manhole cover monitoring method provided in this disclosure embodiment may include the following steps:

[0074] S101, the first monitoring optical signal is sent to the manhole cover signal acquisition device through the monitoring unit of the OLT equipment.

[0075] In the embodiments of this disclosure, during manhole cover monitoring, a monitoring optical signal, i.e., a first monitoring optical signal, can be sent from the monitoring unit of the OLT device to the manhole cover signal acquisition device. For example, the monitoring unit can emit the first monitoring optical signal via a laser module, which is then transmitted to the manhole cover signal acquisition device via a circulator. It is understood that the first monitoring optical signal can be transmitted to the manhole cover signal acquisition device via optical fiber.

[0076] S102, the monitoring unit of the OLT device receives the second monitoring light signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device.

[0077] In the embodiments of this disclosure, after the manhole cover signal acquisition device receives the first monitoring optical signal, if the manhole cover is pulled up or pressed down (damaged), the manhole cover signal acquisition device will deform, causing the optical fiber disk in the manhole cover signal acquisition device to deform, thereby causing a change in the radius of curvature of the optical fiber. This will cause a change in the optical power of the reflected first monitoring optical signal at this point, resulting in a reflected monitoring optical signal, i.e., the second monitoring optical signal. The manhole cover signal acquisition device can transmit the second monitoring optical signal to the monitoring unit of the OLT device through optical fiber, for example, by transmitting the second monitoring optical signal to a circulator through optical fiber, and then through the circulator to the spectral analysis module and the data processing module for subsequent processing.

[0078] S103, based on the second monitoring light signal and the standard reflected monitoring light signal, determine the monitoring result of the manhole cover.

[0079] The standard transmitted monitoring light signal is the light signal reflected when the manhole cover is in a normal state.

[0080] In the embodiments of this disclosure, after the monitoring unit of the OLT device receives the second monitoring light signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device, it can acquire the standard reflected monitoring light signal reflected when the manhole cover is in a normal state. Then, it analyzes and processes the second monitoring light signal and the standard reflected monitoring light signal, and determines the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the analysis results. For example, the monitoring result of the manhole cover can be determined based on the change data of the second monitoring light signal and the standard reflected monitoring light signal. The monitoring result can be, for example, whether the manhole cover is in a normal state or an abnormal state. The abnormal state of the manhole cover can optionally be set as manhole cover damage, manhole cover loss, etc.

[0081] It is understandable that there can be one or more manhole covers. If there are multiple manhole covers, the above-mentioned manhole cover monitoring method can be applied to multiple manhole covers in parallel.

[0082] In this embodiment, a manhole cover monitoring system is applied. The manhole cover monitoring system includes an OLT device, which is equipped with a monitoring unit. The manhole cover monitoring method involves sending a first monitoring optical signal to a manhole cover signal acquisition device via the monitoring unit of the OLT device; receiving a second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device via the monitoring unit of the OLT device; wherein the first and second monitoring optical signals are transmitted via optical fiber; and determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and a standard reflected monitoring optical signal; wherein the standard transmitted monitoring optical signal is the optical signal reflected when the manhole cover is in a normal state. In this way, automatic monitoring of the manhole cover status can be achieved by sending monitoring optical signals via the monitoring unit of the OLT device and receiving monitoring optical signals reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device, using the standard reflected monitoring optical signal and the received reflected optical signal. This effectively improves the efficiency of manhole cover monitoring and reduces labor costs. Furthermore, by adding a monitoring unit to the existing OLT device and installing a manhole cover signal acquisition device on the manhole cover, the deployment cost and difficulty of the manhole cover monitoring system can be reduced, and the applicability of the manhole cover monitoring method can be improved.

[0083] In some possible implementations, if there are multiple manhole covers, the manhole cover signal acquisition device for each manhole cover reflects a second monitoring optical signal back to the monitoring unit; accordingly, based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal, the monitoring result of the manhole cover is determined, including:

[0084] Based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of each second monitoring optical signal, determine the manhole cover corresponding to each group of first monitoring optical signals and second monitoring optical signals;

[0085] The monitoring results for each manhole cover are determined based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal corresponding to each manhole cover.

[0086] In this embodiment, if there are multiple manhole covers, it is necessary to distinguish between them based on their distance from the OLT device to determine the monitoring result for each cover. Considering that different manhole covers have different distances from the OLT device, the propagation time of the optical signal also varies. Therefore, different manhole covers can be distinguished based on the propagation time of the optical signal. For example, the manhole cover corresponding to each set of first and second monitoring optical signals can be determined based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of the second monitoring optical signal. Then, the monitoring result for each manhole cover is determined based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal corresponding to each manhole cover. In this way, monitoring of multiple different manhole covers can be achieved, improving monitoring efficiency.

[0087] In a further possible implementation, based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of each second monitoring optical signal, the manhole cover corresponding to each set of first and second monitoring optical signals is determined, including:

[0088] For a certain set of first and second monitoring optical signals, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signal is determined based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of the second monitoring optical signal.

[0089] The distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device is calculated based on the speed of light in a vacuum, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring light signal, and the refractive index of the optical fiber.

[0090] Based on the distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device, the manhole cover corresponding to the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal is determined.

[0091] In this embodiment, for a certain set of first and second monitoring optical signals, i.e., for a certain manhole cover, the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of the second monitoring optical signal corresponding to the manhole cover can be obtained. Based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of the second monitoring optical signal corresponding to the manhole cover, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signal, i.e., the total time consumed, can be calculated. Then, based on the speed of light in a vacuum, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signal, and the refractive index of the optical fiber, the distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device can be calculated. The calculation formula can be found in formula (1). Then, based on the distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device, different manholes and manhole covers can be distinguished, and the manhole cover corresponding to each set of first and second monitoring optical signals can be determined. In this way, accurate data can be provided for subsequent manhole cover monitoring.

[0092] d=(c*t) / (2*n) (1)

[0093] Where c represents the speed of light in a vacuum; t is the total time from pulse transmission to reception (two-way), which is the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signal; and n is the refractive index of the optical fiber.

[0094] In some possible implementations, the monitoring results of the manhole cover are determined based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal, including:

[0095] Obtain the standard optical power of the standard reflected monitoring optical signal and the second optical power of the second monitoring optical signal;

[0096] Calculate the change in optical power between the standard optical power and the second optical power;

[0097] The monitoring results of the manhole cover were determined based on the change in optical power.

[0098] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal, the optical power of the standard reflected monitoring optical signal, i.e., the standard optical power, can be obtained; and the optical power of the second monitoring optical signal, i.e., the second optical power, can also be obtained. Then, the change in optical power between the standard optical power of the standard reflected monitoring optical signal and the second optical power of the second monitoring optical signal can be calculated, and the monitoring result of the manhole cover can be determined based on this change in optical power. In this way, real-time online monitoring of the manhole cover can be achieved based on the power change between the emitted and reflected light.

[0099] In a further possible implementation, the monitoring results of the manhole cover are determined based on the change in optical power, including:

[0100] Obtain the preset change threshold value;

[0101] Determine whether the change in optical power is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold value;

[0102] If the change in optical power is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold, the monitoring status of the manhole cover is determined to be abnormal.

[0103] In this embodiment, the status of the manhole cover can be determined by a threshold comparison method. For example, a preset change threshold value can be obtained, which can be set based on experience or historical data, or according to actual conditions. The preset change threshold value is then compared with the change in optical power to determine whether the change in optical power is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold value. If the change in optical power is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold value, the monitoring status of the manhole cover is considered abnormal, and abnormal status may further include, for example, damage or loss. Conversely, if the change in optical power is less than the preset change threshold value, the manhole cover can be considered to be in a normal state.

[0104] In some possible implementations, after determining that the monitoring status of the manhole cover is abnormal when the change is greater than or equal to a preset change threshold, the method further includes:

[0105] Output prompt information; the prompt information includes the manhole information corresponding to the manhole cover, and the manhole information includes one or more of the following: manhole identification, manhole location, manhole cover monitoring status, and optical power change.

[0106] In this embodiment, if the change in optical power is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, indicating an abnormal monitoring status of the manhole cover, a prompt message can be output. This prompt message may include, for example, the manhole information corresponding to the manhole cover. The manhole information includes one or more of the following: manhole identifier, manhole location, manhole cover monitoring status, and optical power change. For example, the prompt message may be reported to a network management computer, which then displays the specific manhole information using graphics, data, sound, etc., and issues a corresponding manhole alarm to notify maintenance personnel.

[0107] To make the manhole cover monitoring method provided in this disclosure clearer, specific examples are given below.

[0108] The manhole cover monitoring method provided in this disclosure involves a novel OLT device that upgrades existing OLT devices by incorporating a built-in monitoring board unit. The monitoring unit communicates with the main control unit of the original OLT device via its backplane bus, effectively solving the deployment problem of the monitoring network management system. Under normal circumstances, the monitoring unit sends monitoring light signals along the manholes of the road. A manhole cover signal acquisition device is installed at each manhole location, distributed along the route. Each manhole cover signal acquisition device reflects changes in light signal power. The monitoring unit compares the returned light signal power information with the reflected light signal power information under normal conditions, ultimately determining whether the change in reflected light power at each manhole exceeds a threshold. The OLT transmission network then displays information such as whether the manhole cover is abnormal through graphics, data, and sound, and reports this information to the network management computer, achieving online monitoring of manhole covers without the need for manual inspection. Specifically, the method may include the following steps:

[0109] Step 1: Install the monitoring unit on the OLT device.

[0110] Step 2: Install manhole cover signal acquisition devices in the manholes along the line (manhole 1, manhole 2, etc.).

[0111] Step 3: The monitoring optical signal (first monitoring optical signal) emitted by the monitoring unit passes through the circulator and then enters the fiber core of the optical cable.

[0112] Step 4: Monitor the light transmitted to the signal acquisition devices of different manhole covers at different times.

[0113] It should be noted that different manholes are distinguished by the different distances between the manhole cover and the OLT equipment. The light signals emitted by the monitoring light return at different times, which can be used to determine the different measurement distances, thereby distinguishing different manholes and enabling simultaneous online monitoring of multiple manholes. The formula for calculating the distance between the manhole cover and the OLT equipment can be found in formula (1).

[0114] Step 5: Under normal circumstances, the monitoring light signals (second monitoring light signals) reflected back from each well will enter the spectral analysis module through the circulator.

[0115] Step 6: The spectral analysis module analyzes various reflection events of the reflected light, thus forming a curve of gradually changing optical power in the spectral analysis module.

[0116] Step 7: The data processing module compares the optical power at the distance of each well with the standard optical power, that is, compares the first optical power of the first monitoring optical signal with the second optical power of the second monitoring optical signal to determine the change in optical power at each well. The change in optical power is then compared with a preset change threshold value, and any change in optical power exceeding the preset change threshold value is reported to the network management computer.

[0117] Step 8: The network management computer will finally display the information of the specific well in the form of graphics, data, sound, etc., and issue corresponding well alarms according to the preset optical power to notify the maintenance personnel.

[0118] At this point, the online, real-time, and accurate monitoring of the manhole cover is complete.

[0119] As can be seen, the manhole cover monitoring method disclosed herein proposes a novel OLT device. This novel OLT device can be supplemented with a monitoring unit on the basis of an existing OLT device. The added monitoring unit draws power from the sub-frame of the original OLT device and communicates with the original main control unit of the OLT device through the back of the sub-frame, effectively solving the problem of transmitting network management information and reducing the deployment cost and difficulty of the system. Simultaneously, the manhole cover monitoring system uses a purely passive fiber optic device for monitoring manhole covers, effectively avoiding power supply difficulties in manholes and coping with harsh environments such as humidity and temperature inside manholes, thus compensating for the shortcomings of current manhole cover monitoring. Furthermore, the manhole cover monitoring system can form a distributed monitoring effect, enabling distributed monitoring of multiple manhole covers along a route, effectively solving the problem of manhole cover monitoring efficiency.

[0120] The specific implementation and technical effects of each step in this embodiment are similar to those of the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0121] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a manhole cover monitoring device. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the manhole cover monitoring device 600 includes:

[0122] The signal transmission module 610 is used to send a first monitoring optical signal to the manhole cover signal acquisition device through the monitoring unit of the OLT device;

[0123] The signal receiving module 620 is used to receive the second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device of the manhole cover through the monitoring unit of the OLT device; wherein the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal are transmitted through optical fiber;

[0124] The monitoring module 630 is used to determine the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal; wherein the standard transmitted monitoring optical signal is the optical signal emitted by the manhole cover when it is in a normal state.

[0125] In one possible implementation, there are multiple manhole covers, and the manhole cover signal acquisition device of each manhole cover reflects a second monitoring light signal back to the monitoring unit;

[0126] The monitoring module 630 includes:

[0127] The manhole cover determination unit is used to determine the manhole cover corresponding to each group of the first monitoring light signal and the second monitoring light signal based on the transmission time of the first monitoring light signal and the reception time of each second monitoring light signal.

[0128] The first monitoring unit is used to determine the monitoring result of each manhole cover based on the second monitoring light signal and the standard reflected monitoring light signal corresponding to each manhole cover.

[0129] In one possible implementation, the manhole cover determining unit is configured to:

[0130] For a certain set of first monitoring optical signals and second monitoring optical signals, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signals is determined based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of the second monitoring optical signal;

[0131] The distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device is calculated based on the speed of light in a vacuum, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signal, and the refractive index of the optical fiber.

[0132] Based on the distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device, the manhole cover corresponding to the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal is determined.

[0133] In one possible implementation, the monitoring module 630 includes:

[0134] The power acquisition unit acquires the standard optical power of the standard reflected monitoring optical signal and the second optical power of the second monitoring optical signal;

[0135] The calculation unit is used to calculate the change in optical power between the standard optical power and the second optical power;

[0136] The second monitoring unit is used to determine the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the change in optical power.

[0137] In one possible implementation, the second monitoring unit is configured to:

[0138] Obtain the preset change threshold value;

[0139] Determine whether the change in optical power is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold value;

[0140] If the change in optical power is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the monitoring status of the manhole cover is determined to be abnormal.

[0141] In one possible implementation, the manhole cover monitoring device 600 further includes:

[0142] The prompt module is used to output prompt information; wherein, the prompt information includes the manhole information corresponding to the manhole cover, and the manhole information includes one or more of the following: manhole identifier, manhole location, manhole cover monitoring status, and optical power change.

[0143] The specific implementation and technical effects of the device provided in this disclosure are similar to those of the method embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also discloses an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0145] Figure 7 A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 700 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device 700 is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0146] like Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 700 includes a computing unit 701, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 702 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 708 into a random access memory (RAM) 703. The RAM 703 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the device 700. The computing unit 701, ROM 702, and RAM 703 are interconnected via a bus 704. An input / output (I / O) interface 705 is also connected to the bus 704.

[0147] Multiple components in electronic device 700 are connected to I / O interface 705, including: input unit 706, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 707, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 708, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 709, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 709 allows electronic device 700 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0148] The computing unit 701 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 701 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 701 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the manhole cover monitoring method. For example, in some embodiments, the manhole cover monitoring method may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 708. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 700 via ROM 702 and / or communication unit 709. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 703 and executed by the computing unit 701, one or more steps of the manhole cover monitoring method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 701 may be configured to perform the manhole cover monitoring method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0149] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0150] The program code of a computer program product used to implement the methods of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0151] In the context of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0152] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0153] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), the Internet, and blockchain networks.

[0154] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally geographically separated and typically interact via communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. A server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem, addressing the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS (Virtual Private Server, or simply "VPS") services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability. Servers can also be servers for distributed systems or servers incorporating blockchain technology.

[0155] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0156] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring manhole covers, characterized in that, An application is made in a manhole cover monitoring system, the manhole cover monitoring system including an OLT device, the OLT device being equipped with a monitoring unit, the monitoring unit of the OLT device occupying one slot width of the original OLT device, including a circulator, a data processing module, a laser module, and a spectral analysis module, wherein the laser module is connected to the OLT device sub-frame via a backplane and draws power from the slot of the OLT device sub-frame; the data processing module communicates with the main control unit of the OLT device through the backplane of the OLT device sub-frame, and the manhole cover monitoring method includes: The monitoring unit of the OLT device sends a first monitoring optical signal to the manhole cover signal acquisition device; The monitoring unit of the OLT device receives the second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device; wherein the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal are transmitted through optical fiber; Based on the second monitoring light signal and the standard reflected monitoring light signal, the monitoring result of the manhole cover is determined; wherein, the standard emitted monitoring light signal is the light signal reflected when the manhole cover is in a normal state.

2. The manhole cover monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple manhole covers, and the manhole cover signal acquisition device of each manhole cover reflects a second monitoring light signal back to the monitoring unit; The step of determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal includes: Based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of each of the second monitoring optical signals, determine the manhole cover corresponding to each group of the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal; The monitoring result for each manhole cover is determined based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal corresponding to each manhole cover.

3. The manhole cover monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the manhole cover corresponding to each group of the first and second monitoring optical signals based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of each second monitoring optical signal includes: For a certain set of first monitoring optical signals and second monitoring optical signals, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signals is determined based on the transmission time of the first monitoring optical signal and the reception time of the second monitoring optical signal; The distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device is calculated based on the speed of light in a vacuum, the total time from transmission to reception of the monitoring optical signal, and the refractive index of the optical fiber. Based on the distance between the manhole cover and the OLT device, the manhole cover corresponding to the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal is determined.

4. The manhole cover monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring optical signal and the standard reflected monitoring optical signal includes: Obtain the standard optical power of the standard reflected monitoring optical signal and the second optical power of the second monitoring optical signal; Calculate the change in optical power between the standard optical power and the second optical power; The monitoring results of the manhole cover are determined based on the change in optical power.

5. The manhole cover monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of determining the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the change in optical power includes: Obtain the preset change threshold value; Determine whether the change in optical power is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold value; If the change in optical power is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the monitoring status of the manhole cover is determined to be abnormal.

6. The manhole cover monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After determining that the monitoring status of the manhole cover is abnormal when the change is greater than or equal to the preset change threshold, the method further includes: Output prompt information; wherein, the prompt information includes the manhole information corresponding to the manhole cover, and the manhole information includes one or more of the following: manhole identifier, manhole location, manhole cover monitoring status, and optical power change.

7. A manhole cover monitoring device, characterized in that, include: The signal transmission module is used to send a first monitoring optical signal to the manhole cover signal acquisition device through the monitoring unit of the OLT device. The monitoring unit of the OLT device occupies one slot width of the original OLT device and includes a circulator, a data processing module, a laser module, and a spectral analysis module. The laser module is connected to the OLT device sub-frame through a backplane and draws power from the slot of the OLT device sub-frame. The data processing module communicates with the main control unit of the OLT device through the backplane of the OLT device sub-frame. The signal receiving module is used to receive the second monitoring optical signal reflected back from the manhole cover signal acquisition device of the manhole cover through the monitoring unit of the OLT device; wherein the first monitoring optical signal and the second monitoring optical signal are transmitted through optical fiber; The monitoring module is used to determine the monitoring result of the manhole cover based on the second monitoring light signal and the standard reflected monitoring light signal; wherein the standard transmitted monitoring light signal is the light signal emitted when the manhole cover is in a normal state.

8. A manhole cover monitoring system, characterized in that, The system includes an OLT device and a manhole cover signal acquisition device installed in the manhole. The OLT device is equipped with a monitoring unit, which includes a circulator, a data processing module, a laser module, and a spectral analysis module. The monitoring unit occupies one slot width of the original OLT device. The laser module is connected to the OLT device sub-frame via a backplane and draws power from the slot of the OLT device sub-frame. The data processing module communicates with the main control unit of the OLT device through the backplane of the OLT device sub-frame. The monitoring unit of the OLT device is used for: The laser module emits a first monitoring optical signal, which then passes through the circulator and enters the optical fiber. The circulator receives the second monitoring optical signal transmitted back from the well via the optical fiber and transmits the second monitoring optical signal to the spectral analysis module. The second monitoring optical signal is analyzed and processed by the spectral analysis module to obtain optical power change data, and the optical power change data is transmitted to the data processing module. The data processing module determines the monitoring results of the manhole cover based on the optical power change data.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method of any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the method of any one of claims 1-6.

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