A composition, suspension agent for thinning apple trees and its application

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and particularly relates to a composition for thinning flowers and fruits of apple trees, a suspension agent and application thereof. The composition for thinning flowers and fruits of apple trees provided by the present application comprises naphthalene acetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine, and the mass ratio of the naphthalene acetic acid and the 6-benzylaminopurine is 1: (6.25-7). By compounding naphthalene acetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in a specific ratio, the effect of thinning flowers and fruits is achieved. In the early growth stage of apple trees, the number of flowers and fruits can be reduced, the fruit setting rate can be improved, the nutrition can be ensured, the yield can be improved, and the economic benefit of fruits can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant growth regulators, specifically to a composition, suspension, and application for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees. Background Technology

[0002] The cultivation and management of apple trees involves a variety of factors, including soil conditions, water management, pest and disease control, and the use of plant growth regulators. Among these, plant growth regulators are widely used in fruit production to improve fruit yield and quality.

[0003] Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) is an organic compound that is stable but hygroscopic and discolors upon exposure to light, so it should be stored away from light. NAA exists in α- and β-forms, with the α-form being more reactive than the β-form. The term "naphthaleneacetic acid" usually refers to the α-form. Its melting point is 134.5-135.5℃. Pure NAA is a white, odorless, and tasteless crystal, insoluble in water but slightly soluble in hot water. 80% NAA powder is a light yellowish-brown powder, and its content of active ingredients does not change significantly when stored at room temperature. It is readily soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, acetic acid, and chloroform, and is stable in common organic solvents. Sodium NAA is soluble in water; therefore, when preparing pharmaceutical solutions, the powder is often dissolved in ammonia water before dilution.

[0004] Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) is a synthetic plant growth regulator, a type of auxin. Applying an appropriate concentration during the later stages of growth can delay apple fruit drop, and spraying after flowering can effectively thin out young fruit. Its mechanism of action involves enhancing the metabolism and transport of certain hormones within the fruit tree, promoting ethephon synthesis, and ultimately leading to fruit drop due to increased concentration. NAA can be used for cuttings and layering by soaking branches in NAA or spraying the plant directly. However, the concentration should not be too high during each soaking or spraying, otherwise it will negatively impact plant growth.

[0005] Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) is a plant growth regulator with multiple functions, including inhibiting the decomposition of chlorophyll, nucleic acids, and proteins in plant leaves, preserving green color and preventing aging; and transporting amino acids, auxins, and inorganic salts to treated parts of the plant. It is widely used in agriculture, fruit trees, and horticultural crops at all stages from germination to harvest. Currently, 6-BA is widely used in citrus for flower and fruit preservation and promoting flower bud differentiation. It shows good performance in promoting germination, promoting flower bud differentiation, increasing fruit set rate, promoting fruit growth, and improving fruit quality. It can also promote plant cell growth, inhibit chlorophyll degradation, increase amino acid content, and delay leaf senescence. When used for sprouting mung beans and soybeans, the maximum usage is 0.01 g / kg, with a residue level of less than 0.2 mg / kg.

[0006] Patent application CN115997776A, published on April 25, 2023, discloses a chemical fruit thinning agent for apple trees and its application method. The chemical fruit thinning agent includes 6-benzylaminopurine, benzoxazine, naphthaleneacetic acid, and water. Its mechanism of action is that the main components increase the ethylene content within the fruit; ethylene promotes the formation of the abscission layer, ultimately leading to fruit drop; it inhibits electron conduction in the dark reaction process of photosynthesis; and it reduces carbohydrate supply. During application, a gradual approach is adopted to weaken the growth advantage of lateral fruits and strengthen the growth of central fruits until the lateral fruits fall off. This replaces manual fruit thinning, improving thinning efficiency and reducing labor costs.

[0007] However, the aforementioned chemical fruit thinning agents have poor stability, cannot be stored for a long time, and have high transportation costs. They are generally prepared on-site and used immediately. Furthermore, they need to be sprayed multiple times at different growth stages of apple trees to gradually weaken the lateral fruit, which greatly increases the difficulty of using the fruit thinning agents. In addition, these chemical fruit thinning agents have not performed well in increasing apple tree yield. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composition for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees, which solves the problem of poor yield-increasing performance of existing chemical fruit thinning agents.

[0009] The second objective of this invention is to provide a suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees, solving the problem of poor stability of existing chemical fruit thinning agents.

[0010] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of a suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees, thereby solving the problem of poor yield-increasing performance of existing chemical fruit thinning agents.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the composition for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees according to the present invention is as follows:

[0012] A composition for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees, the composition comprising naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine, wherein the mass ratio of naphthaleneacetic acid to 6-benzylaminopurine is 1:(6.25-7).

[0013] This invention improves upon existing technology and provides a composition for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees. By compounding naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in a specific ratio, it has the effect of thinning flowers and fruits. In the early stage of apple tree growth, it can reduce the number of flowers and fruits, increase the fruit set rate, ensure sufficient nutrition, increase yield, and improve the economic benefits of the fruit.

[0014] The technical solution of the suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees according to the present invention is as follows:

[0015] A suspension for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees, the suspension comprising the aforementioned composition, an adjuvant, and water, wherein the adjuvant is selected from one or more of dispersants, thickeners, defoamers, preservatives, antifreeze agents, and synergists, and the mass fraction of the composition in the suspension is 1-50%.

[0016] The suspension concentrate for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees provided by this invention can improve the suspension stability of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine by introducing adjuvants. The suspension rate of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine is ≥93%, and the prepared suspension concentrate has good thermal storage stability and low temperature stability.

[0017] To further improve the stability of the suspending agent, preferably, the suspending agent is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 1-50% of the composition, 3.5-4% of the dispersant, 1-1.4% of the thickener, 0.3-0.5% of the defoamer, 0.1-3% of the preservative, 3-4% of the antifreeze, 3-5% of the synergist, and the balance being water. More preferably, the thickener is selected from one or two of xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate. The synergist mainly has the following three functions: 1) wetting and spreading; 2) promoting penetration; 3) adjusting the retention of the formulation.

[0018] To further improve the wettability of the suspending agent, preferably, the composition has a mass fraction of 5.8-6%.

[0019] To further improve the dispersibility and wettability of the suspending agent, preferably, the dispersant is selected from one or more of alkylphenol alkoxides, block polyethers, alcohol ethers, phosphate esters, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, polycarboxylates, sulfate esters, phosphate esters, methyl acrylate copolymers, and lignin sulfonates.

[0020] To further improve the thermal storage stability of the suspension, preferably, the dispersant includes dispersant A and dispersant B in a mass ratio of (1-3):(1-1.5), wherein dispersant A is selected from block polyether, phosphate ester, alcohol ether, and polycarboxylate, and dispersant B is selected from naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, lignin sulfonate, and sulfate ester.

[0021] To further improve the thermal storage stability of the suspension, preferably, the dispersant is composed of dispersant A and dispersant B in a mass ratio of (2-3):(1-1.5); or it is composed of dispersant A, dispersant B and dispersant C in a mass ratio of (1-1.5):(1-1.5):(2-2.5), wherein the dispersant C is a methyl acrylate copolymer.

[0022] To further improve the thermal storage stability of the suspending agent, preferably, the thickener is composed of xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate in a mass ratio of (0.1-0.3):(1-1.2).

[0023] To further improve the stability of the suspending agent, preferably, the defoamer is selected from one or more of modified organosilanes, mineral oils, and higher fatty acid esters; the preservative is 2.5-3% isothiazolinone; the antifreeze is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol, urea, and propylene glycol; and the synergist is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol ethers, sodium dioctyl succinate, and alkoxy alcohols.

[0024] The technical solution for the application of the suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees according to the present invention is as follows:

[0025] The application of the suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees involves diluting the suspension agent and applying it to the young fruit stage of apple trees. The effective components of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in the diluted suspension agent are 70-200 mg / kg.

[0026] The suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees provided by this invention exhibits good fruit thinning effects when used during the young fruit stage of apple trees. It can regulate the growth of apple trees, increase the rate of single fruits and double fruits, and improve the yield per tree. It is safe for the growth of apple trees, effectively promotes fruit growth, increases the weight of single apples, improves fruit shape, and can improve the production efficiency of apples. It has no significant impact on other non-target organisms and can be widely promoted and applied in production. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 The contact angle test results are for a 1.45% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0028] Figure 2 The contact angle test results are for a 2.9% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0029] Figure 3 The contact angle test results are for a 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0030] Figure 4 The contact angle test results are for 11.6% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension;

[0031] Figure 5 The contact angle test results are for a 23.2% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0032] Figure 6 The contact angle test results are for a 34.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0033] Figure 7 The contact angle test results are for a 46.4% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical concept of the composition for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees according to the present invention is as follows:

[0035] Existing chemical fruit thinning agents used for early-stage flower and fruit thinning in apple trees are specifically plant growth regulators such as 6-benzylaminopurine or ethephon alone; or a mixture of 1-10% 6-benzylaminopurine, 50-90% benzoxazine, and 30-50% ethephon; or a mixture of 2% 6-benzylaminopurine and 70% benzoxazine. Chinese patent application CN105211081A uses a composition of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in a mass ratio of (1-10):1, mainly used for increasing seed quality and yield in grain crops.

[0036] The present invention employs a novel combination: naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in a mass ratio of 1:(6.25-7). By using a specific ratio of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in combination, it can achieve the effect of thinning flowers and fruits, thereby increasing the fruit setting rate and apple yield.

[0037] The suspension concentrate for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees of the present invention is composed of the aforementioned composition, additives, and water. The additives consist of a dispersant, a thickener, an antifoaming agent, a preservative, an antifreeze agent, and a synergist. The mass fraction of the composition in the suspension concentrate is 1-50%, wherein the mass ratio of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in the composition is 1:6.25.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the suspending agent is composed of the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 1.45–1.5% of the composition, 3–3.2% of the block polyether, 1–1.2% of the naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 1–1.1% of the magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.3–0.4% of the xanthan gum, 0.3–0.5% of the defoamer, 0.1–3% of the preservative, 3–4% of the antifreeze, 3–5% of the synergist, and the balance being water;

[0039] Alternatively, it may consist of the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 2.9–3.0% of the composition, 2–2.2% of a phosphate ester dispersant, 1.5–1.7% of lignosulfonate, 1–1.1% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.24–0.25% of xanthan gum, 0.3–0.5% of an antifoamer, 0.1–3% of a preservative, 3–4% of an antifreeze, 3–5% of a synergist, and the balance being water;

[0040] Alternatively, it may consist of the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 5.8–6.0% of the composition, 3–3.2% of an alcohol ether dispersant, 1–1.2% of a naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 1–1.1% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.24–0.25% of xanthan gum, 0.3–0.5% of an antifoamer, 0.1–3% of a preservative, 3–4% of an antifreeze, 3–5% of a synergist, and the balance being water;

[0041] Alternatively, it may consist of the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 11.6–12% of the composition, 3–3.2% of the polycarboxylate dispersant, 1–1.2% of the naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 1–1.1% of the magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.24–0.25% of the xanthan gum, 0.3–0.5% of the defoamer, 0.1–3% of the preservative, 3–4% of the antifreeze, 3–5% of the synergist, and the balance being water;

[0042] Alternatively, it may consist of the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 23.2–24% of the composition, 3–3.2% of a polycarboxylate dispersant, 1–1.2% of a sulfate ester dispersant, 1–1.1% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.2–0.22% of xanthan gum, 0.3–0.5% of an antifoamer, 0.1–3% of a preservative, 3–4% of an antifreeze, 3–5% of a synergist, and the balance being water;

[0043] Alternatively, it may consist of the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 34.8–35% of the composition, 3–3.2% of a phosphate ester dispersant, 1–1.2% of a lignosulfonate, 1.2–1.4% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.16–0.2% of xanthan gum, 0.3–0.5% of an antifoamer, 0.1–3% of a preservative, 3–4% of an antifreeze, 3–5% of a synergist, and the balance being water;

[0044] Alternatively, it may consist of the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 46.4–48% of the composition, 2–2.2% of methyl acrylate copolymer, 1–1.2% of naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 1–1.2% of block polyether, 1–1.2% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.12–0.15% of xanthan gum, 0.3–0.5% of defoamer, 0.1–3% of preservative, 3–4% of antifreeze, 3–5% of synergist, and the balance being water.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the preparation method of the suspension is as follows: first, add liquid additives to water, stir to dissolve and form a homogeneous solution, then add solid additives, stir evenly, slowly add 6-benzylaminopurine and naphthaleneacetic acid technical, stir evenly; then transfer to a vertical sand mill and sand mill for 2 to 4 hours until the particle size reaches within 10 μm.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the chemical reagents involved in the following examples are all commercially available conventional products.

[0047] The specific information of each component used in the specific embodiments of the present invention is shown in Table 1.

[0048] Table 1 shows the main components and sources of each component used in the examples.

[0049]

[0050] I. Specific embodiments of the composition of the present invention for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees

[0051] The composition of the composition for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees in this embodiment is shown in Table 2.

[0052] Table 2. Composition of the composition (parts by weight)

[0053] Example 1 0.2 1.25 1:6.25 Example 2 0.4 2.5 1:6.25 Example 3 0.8 5.0 1:6.25 Example 4 1.6 10.0 1:6.25 Example 5 3.2 20.0 1:6.25 Example 6 4.8 30.0 1:6.25 Example 7 6.4 40.0 1:6.25

[0054] The composition for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 1 consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 parts naphthaleneacetic acid and 1.25 parts 6-benzylaminopurine.

[0055] The composition for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 2 consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 parts naphthaleneacetic acid and 2.5 parts 6-benzylaminopurine.

[0056] The composition for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 3 consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.8 parts naphthaleneacetic acid and 5.0 parts 6-benzylaminopurine.

[0057] The composition for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 4 consists of the following components in parts by weight: 1.6 parts naphthaleneacetic acid and 10.0 parts 6-benzylaminopurine.

[0058] The composition for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 5 consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3.2 parts naphthaleneacetic acid and 20.0 parts 6-benzylaminopurine.

[0059] The composition for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 6 consists of the following components in parts by weight: 4.8 parts naphthaleneacetic acid and 30.0 parts 6-benzylaminopurine.

[0060] The composition for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 7 consists of the following components in parts by weight: 6.4 parts naphthaleneacetic acid and 40.0 parts 6-benzylaminopurine.

[0061] II. Specific Embodiments of the Suspension Agent for Apple Tree Flower and Fruit Thinning of the Present Invention

[0062] The composition of the suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees in this embodiment is shown in Table 3.

[0063] Table 3. Composition of the suspending agent (mass fraction)

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] The suspension for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 8 consists of the following components by mass fraction: 1.45% of the composition (1.25% 6-BA and 0.2% naphthaleneacetic acid), 4% of the dispersant, 1.3% of the thickener, 0.3% of the defoamer AF-1501, 0.1% of the preservative 2.5% isothiazolinone, 4% of the antifreeze ethylene glycol, 3% of the synergist PHODASURF860 / P, and the balance being water; wherein the dispersant consists of 3% ANTAROX AL304 and 1% NNO, and the thickener consists of 0.3% xanthan gum and 1% magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0067] The preparation method of the suspension for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees in Example 8 is as follows:

[0068] Weigh out 1.25g (100% concentration) of benzylaminopurine, 0.2g (100% concentration) of naphthaleneacetic acid, and block polyether (ANTAROXAL 304).

[0069] 3g, NNO (naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate) 1g, xanthan gum 0.3g, magnesium aluminum silicate 1g, modified organosilane (AF-1501)

[0070] 0.3g, 2.5% isothiazolinone 0.1g, ethylene glycol 4g, fatty alcohol ether (PHODASURF 860 / P) 3g, deionized water to make up to 100g.

[0071] Add an appropriate amount of water to the reaction vessel, along with liquid wetting and dispersing agents ANTAROX AL304 and NNO, defoamer AF-1501, preservative 2.5% isothiazolinone, and antifreeze ethylene glycol. Stir to dissolve and form a homogeneous solution. Then add solid thickener xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate, and synergist PHODASURF 860 / P, and stir until homogeneous. Slowly add benzylaminopurine and naphthaleneacetic acid technical grade, and stir until homogeneous. Then transfer to a vertical sand mill and mill for 2 hours until the particle size reaches within 10 μm, thus preparing the suspension. Subsequent preparation methods for the suspension are similar and will not be described in detail.

[0072] The suspension for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 9 consists of the following components by mass fraction: 2.9% of the composition (2.5% 6-BA and 0.4% naphthaleneacetic acid), 3.5% of the dispersant, 1.24% of the thickener, 0.3% of the defoamer AF-1501, 0.1% of the preservative 2.5% isothiazolinone, 4% of the antifreeze ethylene glycol, 3% of the synergist PHODASURF860 / P, and the balance being water;

[0073] The dispersant consists of 2% H66 and 1.5% lignin, and the thickener consists of 0.24% xanthan gum and 1% magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0074] The suspension for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 10 consists of the following components by mass fraction: 5.8% of the composition (5% 6-BA and 0.8% naphthaleneacetic acid), 4% of the dispersant, 1.24% of the thickener, 0.5% of the defoamer AF-1501, 0.1% of the preservative 2.5% isothiazolinone, 4% of the antifreeze ethylene glycol, 5% of the synergist PHODASURF 860 / P, and the balance being water;

[0075] The dispersant consists of 3% RHODASURF 860 / P and 1% NNO, and the thickener consists of 0.24% xanthan gum and 1% magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0076] The suspension for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 11 consists of the following components by mass fraction: 11.6% of the composition (10% 6-BA and 1.6% naphthaleneacetic acid), 4% of the dispersant, 1.24% of the thickener, 0.3% of the defoamer AF-1501, 0.1% of the preservative 2.5% isothiazolinone, 4% of the antifreeze ethylene glycol, 3% of the synergist PHODASURF 860 / P, and the balance being water; wherein the dispersant consists of 3% GEROPON DA 1349 and 1% NNO, and the thickener consists of 0.24% xanthan gum and 1% magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0077] The suspension for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 12 consists of the following components by mass fraction: 23.2% of the composition (20% 6-BA and 3.2% naphthaleneacetic acid), 4% of the dispersant, 1.2% of the thickener, 0.3% of the defoamer TNESIOFIX LO51, 0.1% of the preservative 2.5% isothiazolinone, 4% of the antifreeze ethylene glycol, 3% of the synergist anhydrous fast T, and the balance being water; wherein the dispersant consists of 3% GEROPON DA 1349 and 1% SOPROPHOR FD, and the thickener consists of 0.2% xanthan gum and 1% magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0078] The suspension for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 13 consists of the following components by mass fraction: 34.8% of the composition (30% 6-BA and 4.8% naphthaleneacetic acid), 4% of the dispersant, 1.36% of the thickener, 0.3% of the defoamer AF-1501, 0.1% of the preservative 2.5% isothiazolinone, 4% of the antifreeze propylene glycol, 3% of the synergist ATPLUS-NG 285-LQ-(TH), and the balance being water; wherein the dispersant consists of 3% SC-9160 and 1% lignin, and the thickener consists of 0.16% xanthan gum and 1.2% magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0079] The suspension for thinning flowers and fruits in Example 14 consists of the following components by mass fraction: 46.4% of the composition (40% 6-BA and 6.4% naphthaleneacetic acid), 4% of the dispersant, 1.12% of the thickener, 0.3% of the defoamer soybean oil, 0.1% of the preservative 2.5% isothiazolinone, 3% of the antifreeze urea, 3% of the synergist PHODASURF 860 / P, and the balance water; wherein the dispersant consists of 2% STEP-FLOW 4000, 1% NNO and 1% ANTAROX AL304, and the thickener consists of 0.12% xanthan gum and 1% magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0080] III. Experimental Examples

[0081] Experimental Example 1

[0082] This experimental example illustrates the screening process for suspending agent component formulations.

[0083] Formula screening was conducted based on the performance indicators of the suspension concentrate. The testing standards for various indicators of the suspension concentrate are shown in Table 4.

[0084] Table 4. Testing Standards for Various Indicators of Suspension Agents

[0085]

[0086] (1) 1.45% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0087] The composition of 1.45% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension (0.2% naphthaleneacetic acid + 1.25% 6-BA) is shown in Table 5.

[0088] Table 5 Formulation scheme of 1.45% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0089] 6-BA 1.25 1.25 1.25 Naphthaleneacetic acid 0.2 0.2 0.2 ANTAROX AL304 3 2 2.5 NNO 1 2 1.5 Xanthan Gum 0.3 0.3 0.2 Magnesium aluminum silicate 1 1 1.5 AF-1501 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.5% Isothiazolinone 0.1 0.1 0.1 Ethylene glycol 4 6 4 PHODASURF 860 / P 3 3 5

[0090] The thermal storage performance of the three 1.45% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspensions in Table 5 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 6.

[0091] Table 6. Test results of thermal storage performance of 1.45% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0092]

[0093] Based on the test results in Table 6, Formula 1# exhibited the lowest water separation rate after heat storage, and showed no abnormalities after the sample was returned to room temperature. Therefore, Formula 1# is the preferred suspending agent. The performance index test results of the suspending agent for Formula 1# are shown in Table 7.

[0094] Table 7. Performance Index Test Results of 1.45% Benzylamine·Naphthaleneacetic Acid Suspension

[0095] Appearance off-white to pale yellow suspension off-white liquid qualified Benzylaminopurine mass fraction, % 1.25±0.19 1.25 qualified Benzylaminopurine mass concentration (20℃), g / L 12.5±1.9 13.7 qualified Benzylaminopurine suspension rate, % ≥90 97 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid mass fraction, % 0.2±0.03 0.21 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid mass concentration (20℃), g / L 2±0.3 2.1 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid suspension rate, % ≥90 97.6 qualified pH value 5.0～9.0 6.74 qualified Discard the residue, % ≤5.0 1.2 qualified Residue after washing, % ≤0.5 0.2 qualified Long-lasting foaming properties, ml 25 0 qualified Wet sieve test, % ≥98 99 qualified thermal storage stability qualified qualified qualified Low temperature stability qualified qualified qualified

[0096] After diluting the suspending agent of formulation #1 by 2000 times, the contact angle was tested on the same substrate surface for different contact times. The contact angle test results are shown in Table 8. Figure 1 As shown, where Figure 1 The contact time increases sequentially from left to right.

[0097] Table 8. Contact angle test results of 1.45% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0098] Contact angle / ° 137.0 135.3 135.3 133.8

[0099] (2) 2.9% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0100] The composition of 2.9% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension (0.4% naphthaleneacetic acid + 2.5% 6-BA) is shown in Table 9.

[0101] Table 9 Formulation scheme of 2.9% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0102] 6-BA 2.5 2.5 2.5 Naphthaleneacetic acid 0.4 0.4 0.4 H66 2 2 2.5 Lignin 1.5 2 1.5 Xanthan Gum 0.24 0.3 0.2 Magnesium aluminum silicate 1 1 1.5 AF-1501 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.5% Isothiazolinone 0.1 0.1 0.1 Ethylene glycol 4 4 4 PHODASURF 860 / P 3 3 3

[0103] The thermal storage performance of the three 2.9% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspensions in Table 9 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 10.

[0104] Table 10. Test results of thermal storage performance of 2.9% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0105]

[0106] Based on the test results in Table 10, Formula 1# exhibits the lowest water separation rate after thermal storage; therefore, the suspending agent of Formula 1# is the preferred choice. The performance index test results of the suspending agent of Formula 1# are shown in Table 11.

[0107] Table 11 Performance Index Test Results of 2.9% Benzylamine·Naphthaleneacetic Acid Suspension

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] After diluting the suspending agent of formulation #1 by 2000 times, the contact angle was tested on the same substrate surface for different contact times. The contact angle test results are shown in Table 12 and... Figure 2 As shown, where Figure 2 The contact time increases sequentially from left to right.

[0111] Table 12 Contact angle test results of 2.9% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0112] Contact angle / ° 83.4 82.9 82.1 82.1

[0113] (3) 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0114] The composition of 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension (0.8% naphthaleneacetic acid + 5.0% 6-BA) is shown in Table 13.

[0115] Table 13 Formulation scheme of 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0116] 6-BA 5.0 5.0 5.0 Naphthaleneacetic acid 0.8 0.8 0.8 RHODASURF 860 / P 3 3 2 NNO 1 1 2 Xanthan Gum 0.24 0.24 0.24 Magnesium aluminum silicate 1.2 1 1.5 AF-1501 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.5% Isothiazolinone 0.1 0.1 0.1 Ethylene glycol 4 4 4 Synergist 3 5 7

[0117] The thermal storage performance of the three 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspensions in Table 13 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 14.

[0118] Table 14. Test results of thermal storage performance of 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] Based on the test results in Table 14, Formula 2 does not separate water after heat storage and has good fluidity before heat storage. Therefore, the suspending agent of Formula 2 is preferred. The test results of the performance indicators of the suspending agent of Formula 2 are shown in Table 15.

[0122] Table 15 Performance Index Test Results of 5.8% Benzylamine·Naphthaleneacetic Acid Suspension

[0123] Appearance off-white to pale yellow suspension off-white liquid qualified Benzylaminopurine mass fraction, % 5.0±0.5 5.5 qualified Benzylaminopurine mass concentration (20℃), g / L 5.0±5 55 qualified Benzylaminopurine suspension rate, % ≥90 96 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid mass fraction, % 1±0.15 1.1 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid mass concentration (20℃), g / L 10±1.5 11 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid suspension rate, % ≥90 97 qualified pH value 5.0～9.0 7.03 qualified Discard the residue, % ≤5.0 2.6 qualified Residue after washing, % ≤0.5 0.2 qualified Long-lasting foaming properties, ml 25 0 qualified Wet sieve test, % ≥98 99 qualified thermal storage stability qualified qualified qualified Low temperature stability qualified qualified qualified

[0124] After diluting the suspending agent of formulation #2 by 2000 times, the contact angle was tested on the same substrate surface for different contact times. The contact angle test results are shown in Table 16. Figure 3 As shown, where Figure 3 The contact time increases sequentially from left to right.

[0125] Table 16 Contact angle test results of 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0126] Contact angle / ° 45.7 43.5 39.3 37.8

[0127] (4) 11.6% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0128] The composition of 11.6% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension (1.6% naphthaleneacetic acid + 10% 6-BA) is shown in Table 17.

[0129] Table 17 Formulation scheme of 11.6% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] The thermal storage performance of the three 11.6% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspensions in Table 17 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 18.

[0133] Table 18. Test results of thermal storage performance of 11.6% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0134]

[0135] Based on the test results in Table 18, Formula 2 does not separate water after heat storage and has good fluidity before heat storage. Therefore, the suspending agent of Formula 2 is preferred. The test results of the performance indicators of the suspending agent of Formula 2 are shown in Table 19.

[0136] Table 19 Performance Index Test Results of 11.6% Benzylamine·Naphthaleneacetic Acid Suspension

[0137] Appearance off-white to pale yellow suspension off-white liquid qualified Benzylaminopurine mass fraction, % 10.0±0.5 10.3 qualified Benzylaminopurine mass concentration (20℃), g / L 100±5 104 qualified Benzylaminopurine suspension rate, % ≥90 99 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid mass fraction, % 1.6±0.16 1.66 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid mass concentration (20℃), g / L 16±1.6 16.7 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid suspension rate, % ≥90 96 qualified pH value 5.0～9.0 7.16 qualified Discard the residue, % ≤5.0 3.2 qualified Residue after washing, % ≤0.5 0.4 qualified Long-lasting foaming properties, ml 25 0 qualified Wet sieve test, % ≥98 99 qualified thermal storage stability qualified qualified qualified Low temperature stability qualified qualified qualified

[0138] After diluting the suspending agent of formulation #2 by 2000 times, the contact angle was tested on the same substrate surface for different contact times. The contact angle test results are shown in Table 20. Figure 4 As shown, where Figure 4 Contact time increases sequentially from left to right. (From Table 20 and...) Figure 4 It can be seen that as the contact time increases, the contact angle on the substrate surface decreases slowly.

[0139] Table 20 Contact angle test results of 11.6% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0140] Contact angle / ° 72.6 71.8 70.9 70.8

[0141] (5) 23.2% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0142] The composition of 23.2% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension (3.2% naphthaleneacetic acid + 20% 6-BA) is shown in Table 21.

[0143] Table 21 Formulation scheme of 23.2% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0144] 6-BA 20.0 20.0 20.0 Naphthaleneacetic acid 3.2 3.2 3.2 SOPROPHOR FD 1 2 2 GEROPON DA 1349 3 2 3 Xanthan Gum 0.20 0.3 0.2 Magnesium aluminum silicate 1 1 1.5 TNESIOFIX LO51 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.5% Isothiazolinone 0.1 0.1 0.1 Ethylene glycol 4 6 4 Waterless Fast T 3 3 5

[0145] The thermal storage performance of the three 23.2% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspensions in Table 21 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 22.

[0146] Table 22 Test Results of Thermal Storage Performance of 23.2% Benzylamine·Naphthaleneacetic Acid Suspension

[0147]

[0148] Based on the test results in Table 22, the sample of formulation #1 showed no abnormalities after heat storage and returned to room temperature, and did not precipitate water. Therefore, the suspending agent of formulation #1 is preferred. The test results of the performance indicators of the suspending agent of formulation #1 are shown in Table 23.

[0149] Table 23 Performance Index Test Results of 23.2% Benzylamine·Naphthaleneacetic Acid Suspension

[0150]

[0151]

[0152] After diluting the suspending agent of formulation #1 by 2000 times, the contact angle was tested on the same substrate surface for different contact times. The contact angle test results are shown in Table 24. Figure 5 As shown, where Figure 5 The contact time increases sequentially from left to right.

[0153] Table 24 Contact angle test results of 23.2% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0154] Contact angle / ° 87.8 87.8 87.8 87.7

[0155] (6) 34.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0156] The composition of 34.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension (4.8% naphthaleneacetic acid + 30% 6-BA) is shown in Table 25.

[0157] Table 25 Formulation scheme for 34.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0158] 6-BA 30.0 30.0 30.0 Naphthaleneacetic acid 4.8 4.8 4.8 Lignin 1 1 3 SC-9160 3 3 1 Xanthan Gum 0.16 0.2 0.16 Magnesium aluminum silicate 1.2 1 1 AF-1501 0.3 0.3 0.5 2.5% Isothiazolinone 0.1 0.1 0.1 Propylene glycol 4 4 4 ATPLUS-NG 285-LQ-(TH) 3 3 5

[0159] The thermal storage performance of the three 34.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspensions in Table 25 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 26.

[0160] Table 26 Test results of thermal storage performance of 34.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0161]

[0162] Based on the test results in Table 26, the sample of Formulation 1 showed no paste formation at room temperature after heat storage and had a low water separation rate. Therefore, the suspending agent of Formulation 1 is preferred. The test results of the performance indicators of the suspending agent of Formulation 1 are shown in Table 27.

[0163] Table 27 Performance Index Test Results of 34.8% Benzylamine·Naphthaleneacetic Acid Suspension

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] After diluting the suspending agent of formulation #1 by 2000 times, the contact angle was tested on the same substrate surface for different contact times. The contact angle test results are shown in Table 28. Figure 6 As shown, where Figure 6 The contact time increases sequentially from left to right.

[0167] Table 28 Contact angle test results of 34.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0168] Contact angle / ° 72.6 70.9 70.9 70.9

[0169] (7) 46.4% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0170] The composition of 46.4% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension (6.4% naphthaleneacetic acid + 40% 6-BA) is shown in Table 29.

[0171] Table 28 Formulation scheme for 46.4% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0172] 6-BA 40.0 40.0 40.0 Naphthaleneacetic acid 6.4 6.4 6.4 ANTAROX AL304 2 - 1 NNO 2 2 1 STEP-FLOW 4000 - 2 2 Xanthan Gum 0.12 0.12 0.12 Magnesium aluminum silicate 1 1 1 soybean oil 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.5% Isothiazolinone 0.1 0.1 0.1 Urea 3 3 3

[0173] The thermal storage performance of the three 46.4% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspensions in Table 29 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 30.

[0174] Table 30. Test results of thermal storage performance of 46.4% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension.

[0175]

[0176]

[0177] Based on the test results in Table 30, after heat storage, the sample of Formula 3# showed no paste formation and no water separation upon returning to room temperature. Therefore, Formula 3# is the preferred suspending agent. The performance index test results of the suspending agent of Formula 3# are shown in Table 31.

[0178] Table 31 Performance Index Test Results of 46.4% Benzylamine·Naphthaleneacetic Acid Suspension

[0179] Appearance off-white to pale yellow suspension off-white liquid qualified Benzylaminopurine mass fraction, % 40.0±3.2 40 qualified Benzylaminopurine mass concentration (20℃), g / L 400±032 412 qualified Benzylaminopurine suspension rate, % ≥90 93 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid mass fraction, % 6.4±0.32 6.5 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid mass concentration (20℃), g / L 64±3.2 6.7 qualified Naphthaleneacetic acid suspension rate, % ≥90 96 qualified pH value 5.0～9.0 7.7 qualified Discard the residue, % ≤5.0 3.6 qualified Residue after washing, % ≤0.5 0.4 qualified Long-lasting foaming properties, ml 25 7 qualified Wet sieve test, % ≥98 99 qualified thermal storage stability qualified qualified qualified Low temperature stability qualified qualified qualified

[0180] After diluting the suspending agent of formulation #3 by 2000 times, the contact angle was tested on the same substrate surface for different contact times. The contact angle test results are shown in Table 32. Figure 7 As shown, where Figure 7 The contact time increases sequentially from left to right.

[0181] Table 32 Contact angle test results of 46.4% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension

[0182] Contact angle / ° 64.7 62.4 58.8 57.9

[0183] Based on the contact angle test results above, it can be seen that the 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension has the smallest contact angle and the best wetting performance under the condition of 2000 times dilution.

[0184] Experiment Example 2

[0185] This experiment uses 5.8% benzylamine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension (Example 10) to conduct a field efficacy experiment, that is, the application of suspension in apple trees and fruits.

[0186] 1. Field efficacy experiment one

[0187] 1.1 Experimental Design

[0188] The experimental and control agents used in this field efficacy experiment are shown in Table 32.

[0189] Table 33 Experimental and Control Drugs

[0190]

[0191] The apple trees were treated with the agents shown in Table 33, and the designed treatment groups are shown in Table 34.

[0192] Table 34 Treatment Groups in Experimental Design

[0193]

[0194] Experimental location: Apple orchard of Tianjin Shengqi Agricultural Crop Planting Professional Cooperative, Jinghai District, Tianjin. The blank control group was treated with the same amount of water, and the methods of pesticide application, survey, and field management were the same as those of the other treatment groups.

[0195] The test crop was an apple tree named "Sixth Generation Red Star".

[0196] 1.2 Community Arrangement

[0197] The blocks were arranged using randomized blocks, as shown in Table 35. Each block contained 2 trees, with 1 protective tree between blocks, and each treatment was repeated four times.

[0198] Table 35 Field Plot Arrangement

[0199] Repeat II E2 F2 G2 A2 H2 D2 C2 B2 Repeat III C3 H3 D3 G3 B3 E3 F3 A3 Repeat IV H4 A4 E4 B4 C4 G4 F4 D4

[0200] 1.3 Application Method

[0201] Apply the pesticide once during the young fruit stage of apple trees (about 3 weeks after flowering, when the young fruit has a transverse diameter of 10-12 mm). The application method is to spray the pesticide evenly inside and outside the canopy of the apple tree, and the leaves should be sprayed until they are dripping wet.

[0202] The spraying equipment is the "Unparalleled" Super Green 16 backpack manual sprayer.

[0203] The amount of pesticide solution applied is 800 ml per plant.

[0204] 1.4 Survey methods, timing, and frequency

[0205] 1.4.1 Survey time and number of times

[0206] (1) The total number of inflorescences on the marked branches during the initial flowering period of apple trees.

[0207] (2) The safety of the test agent on apple trees was investigated on the 2nd and 7th day after application.

[0208] (3) After the second physiological fruit drop of apples, the total number of fruit-bearing inflorescences, the number of single fruit inflorescences, and the number of double fruit inflorescences were investigated in the marked branch groups.

[0209] (4) During the apple harvesting period, investigate the weight, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter of apples and the yield per tree.

[0210] 1.4.2 Survey Methods

[0211] (1) One tree was fixed in each plot for investigation, and one branch was marked in each of the four directions of east, south, west and north. The total number of inflorescences was investigated. After the second physiological fruit drop, the number of fruit-bearing inflorescences and the number of single and double fruit inflorescences were investigated, and the fruit set rate and the single and double fruit rate were calculated.

[0212] (2) At maturity, pick four representative apples from each of the four directions (east, south, west, and north) of each tree, for a total of 16 apples per tree. Weigh the total weight of the 16 apples and calculate the weight of each apple.

[0213] (3) Select one tree from each plot and weigh the apple yield.

[0214] 1.4.3 Method for Calculating Drug Efficacy

[0215] Fruit set rate (%) = (Number of fruit-bearing inflorescences / Total number of inflorescences surveyed) × 100;

[0216] Single fruit rate (%) = (Number of single fruit inflorescences / Total number of inflorescences surveyed) × 100;

[0217] Double fruit rate (%) = (Number of double-fruit inflorescences / Total number of inflorescences surveyed) × 100;

[0218] Single fruit weight (kg) = Total weight of sample fruits / Number of sample fruits;

[0219] Yield increase rate (%) = (yield of chemical treatment - yield of water control treatment) / yield of water control treatment × 100;

[0220] Fruit shape index = (average longitudinal diameter / average transverse diameter) × 100.

[0221] 1.5 Experimental Results and Analysis

[0222] The results of the experiment on regulating the growth of apple trees by different experimental treatments are shown in Table 36.

[0223] Table 36 Results of the experiment on the effect of different experimental treatments on the growth regulation of apple trees

[0224]

[0225]

[0226] Note: Different letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level; the same letters indicate no significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0227] Table 36 shows that, based on the single fruit rate and double fruit rate, the experimental agent exhibited good fruit thinning effect when sprayed during the young fruit stage (3 weeks after flowering) of apple trees. Yield measurements at harvest showed that the single fruit weight in each treatment group was slightly higher than that in the water control group, but the difference was not significant. The experimental agent treatment had no significant effect on the fruit shape of the tested apple varieties. Yield measurements per tree in each treatment group showed that the yield and yield increase rate per tree in both the experimental agent and control agent treatments were extremely significant or significantly higher than those in the water control and control agent treatment groups.

[0228] A 5.8% benzylaminopurine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension can be applied once during the young fruit stage, approximately three weeks after apple blossom fall. This can regulate apple tree growth, increase the rate of single and double fruits, improve yield per tree, and is safe for apple tree growth. It is recommended to use this agent at an effective concentration of 72.5 mg / kg to 116 mg / kg, or a 500-800 times dilution, for high-yield apple varieties during their peak production period, applying it evenly as a spray. During spraying, ensure even and thorough coverage to prevent over-spraying or missed areas.

[0229] 2. Field efficacy experiment II

[0230] 2.1 Experimental Design

[0231] The experimental and control agents used in this field efficacy experiment were the same as those in Field Efficacy Experiment 1, and the treatment groups were designed as shown in Table 37.

[0232] Table 37 Treatment Group 2 of Experimental Design

[0233]

[0234] Experimental subject: Regulated growth.

[0235] Experimental crop: Apple, variety New Red Star, 8 years old, with a spacing of 2 meters × 4 meters, 80 trees per mu.

[0236] Experimental Location: Henan Agricultural High-tech Park (Longitude: 113°46′~114°12′, Latitude: 34°26′~34°56′), located in Guandu Town, Zhongmu County, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province. The experimental field is flat and level, with complete irrigation and drainage facilities. Field management was consistent, fertility was uniform and moderate, irrigation and drainage conditions were good, and there was sufficient rainfall in the early stage, resulting in good soil moisture. The apple trees were growing well and met the experimental requirements.

[0237] 2.2 Community Arrangement

[0238] The experiment consisted of 9 treatments, each replicated 4 times, for a total of 36 plots. Each plot contained 2 trees (10m long x 2m wide). A protection row was set up, and the plots were randomly arranged as shown in Table 38.

[0239] Table 38 Layout Diagram of the Community

[0240] Ⅱ 2 5 8 1 9 4 6 3 7 Ⅲ 3 7 9 8 4 1 5 2 6 Ⅳ 4 1 7 5 8 2 9 6 3

[0241] 2.3 Application Method

[0242] The experiment was conducted by applying the pesticide during the young fruit stage of apple trees. On the day of application, the weather was foggy, turning cloudy, with temperatures ranging from 10.8 to 18.8℃.

[0243] For the foliar spraying method, use the SX-MD16E-2L backpack electric sprayer manufactured by Shixia Holdings Co., Ltd., with a maximum capacity of 16L. The amount of pesticide solution used per acre is 90L, and the pesticide is applied once.

[0244] 2.4 Survey Methods

[0245] Survey of crop yield: During the initial flowering period of apple trees, lateral branches of each apple tree are marked and surveyed in four directions (north, south, east, and west). Each lateral branch has 25 inflorescences, and the diameter of the marked lateral branches should be as consistent as possible. After the second physiological fruit drop, the number of fruits set in the inflorescences and the number of single and double fruits are investigated, and the fruit set rate and the single and double fruit rate are calculated. At the time of apple harvest, 100 apples are randomly selected from each plot and the total weight of the fresh fruit is weighed. The average weight of a single fruit is calculated, and 30 apples are randomly selected from the 100 apples to measure their longitudinal and transverse diameters. The yield per tree is investigated, and the yield increase rate per tree is calculated.

[0246] The method for calculating drug efficacy is as follows:

[0247] Fruit set rate (%) = Number of fruit-bearing inflorescences / Number of surveyed inflorescences × 100;

[0248] Single fruit rate (%) = (Number of single fruit inflorescences / Total number of inflorescences surveyed) × 100;

[0249] Double fruit rate (%) = (Number of double-fruit inflorescences / Total number of inflorescences surveyed) × 100;

[0250] Fruit shape index = (average longitudinal diameter / average transverse diameter) × 100;

[0251] Single fruit weight gain rate (%) = (single fruit weight of pesticide treatment - single fruit weight of control) / single fruit weight of control × 100;

[0252] Yield increase per plant (%) = (yield of treated plants - yield of control plants) / yield of control plants × 100.

[0253] 2.5 Experimental Results and Analysis

[0254] The results of the experiment on regulating the growth of apple trees by different experimental treatments are shown in Table 39.

[0255] Table 39 Results of the experiment on regulating apple tree growth using different experimental treatments (Part 2)

[0256]

[0257]

[0258] Note: Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level, while different uppercase letters indicate significant differences at the 0.01 level. The same applies to the following table.

[0259] The results showed that there was no significant difference in inflorescence fruit set rate among the treatments (at the 0.01 level), but the fruit set rate of single-fruit inflorescences was significantly lower than that of the manual fruit thinning treatment. The fruit set rate of single-fruit inflorescences in all treatments was significantly higher than that in the blank control. The number of double-fruit inflorescences treated with the tested agent 5.8% benzylaminopurine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension at 94.3 mg / kg, 116 mg / kg, and 188.3 mg / kg was significantly higher than that in the control treatments and the blank control; the fruit set rate of single-fruit inflorescences in all treatments was significantly higher than that in the manual fruit thinning treatment.

[0260] There was no significant difference in single fruit weight between the tested pesticide treatments and the manual fruit thinning treatment, but the single fruit weight of each pesticide treatment was significantly higher than that of the control treatment. The fruit shape index of the 5.8% benzylaminopurine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension treatments at 116 mg / kg and 188.3 mg / kg was significantly higher than that of the control treatments and the control treatment. The yield per plant of each pesticide treatment was significantly higher than that of the control treatment, and the yield per plant of each pesticide treatment was significantly higher than that of the control treatment.

[0261] Experiments showed that the tested agent, 5.8% benzylaminopurine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension, effectively promoted fruit growth, increased single fruit weight, and improved fruit shape when used during the young fruit stage of apple trees, thus enhancing apple production efficiency. The tested agent, 5.8% benzylaminopurine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension, is safe for apples and has no significant effects on other non-target organisms, making it suitable for large-scale application in production.

[0262] 3. Field efficacy experiment three

[0263] 3.1 Experimental Design

[0264] The experimental and control agents and the treatment groups used in this field efficacy experiment were the same as those in the first field efficacy experiment.

[0265] 3.2 Community Arrangement

[0266] The experiment included nine treatments, using a randomized block design. The cell arrangement is shown in Table 40.

[0267] Table 40 Layout of Communities

[0268]

[0269] Note: ①: Repeat 1; ②: Repeat 2; ③: Repeat 3; ④: Repeat 4.

[0270] Area of ​​the residential area: 2 trees.

[0271] Number of repetitions: 4.

[0272] 3.3 Application Method

[0273] Application period: During the young fruit stage of apple trees.

[0274] Application method: Spraying (the sprayer was cleaned and calibrated before application, and spraying was carried out after confirmation of its qualification). The spraying volume was 2250 liters / hectare, and the designed water consumption per plot was 3000 mL.

[0275] 3.4 Investigation, Recording and Methods

[0276] 3.4.1 Survey time and number of times

[0277] Investigate the number of inflorescences and young fruits before applying the pesticide.

[0278] Three days after application, visually inspect the crop to determine if the pesticide has caused any phytotoxicity.

[0279] After the second physiological fruit drop, the number of fruit-bearing inflorescences, single and double fruit inflorescences, and the number of young fruits on the plants with fixed signs were investigated, and the fruit setting rate, single and double fruit rate, and fruit thinning rate were calculated.

[0280] At harvest, the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the fruit are measured, and the fruit shape index is calculated. All fruits on one tree in each plot are investigated, the average weight of a single fruit is measured, and the yield per tree is measured.

[0281] 3.4.2 Survey Methods

[0282] Before applying the pesticide, take four branches from one tree in each plot, in the four directions of east, west, south, and north (each branch should have no less than 25 inflorescences), and investigate the number of inflorescences and young fruits.

[0283] After the second physiological fruit drop, the plants with fixed signs were investigated. Four branches were taken from the four directions of east, west, south and north to investigate the number of fruit-bearing inflorescences, the number of single and double fruit inflorescences and the number of young fruits. The fruit setting rate, single and double fruit rate and fruit thinning rate of the inflorescences were calculated.

[0284] During harvest, all fruits on one tree in each plot were surveyed, the average weight of a single fruit was measured, and the yield per tree was actually measured.

[0285] 3.4.3 Method for Calculating Drug Efficacy

[0286] Yield increase rate (%) = (Production in the treatment area - Production in the blank control area) / Production in the blank control area × 100;

[0287] Fruit thinning rate (%) = (Number of young fruits before application - Number of young fruits after application) / Number of young fruits before application × 100;

[0288] Fruit set rate (%) = Number of fruit-bearing inflorescences / Number of surveyed inflorescences × 100;

[0289] Fruit shape index = (average longitudinal diameter / average transverse diameter) × 100.

[0290] 3.5 Experimental Results and Analysis

[0291] The results of the experiment on regulating the growth of apple trees by different experimental treatments are shown in Table 41.

[0292] Table 41 Results of the experiment on regulating apple tree growth using different experimental treatments (Part 3)

[0293]

[0294] The results showed that all treatments had significantly higher fruit thinning rate, single fruit rate, and single fruit weight than the control. Treatments 1 and 2 had significantly higher rates of double fruits than the control. There were no significant differences in fruit shape index between the treatments and those treated with artificial fruit thinning or the control. When 5.8% benzylaminopurine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension was applied to young apple trees (Red Fuji), the trees showed normal growth and vigor after application, with no phytotoxicity symptoms, and it had a good growth-regulating effect on the apple trees. Yield measurements at harvest showed that all treatments had a better yield-increasing effect than the control, and the fruit thinning effect was significant.

[0295] The recommended dosage of 5.8% benzylaminopurine·naphthaleneacetic acid suspension for apple trees is 72.5–116 mg / kg (500–800 times dilution of the formulation), with a water volume of 2250 liters / hectare. Apply the pesticide as a spray during the young fruit stage of apple trees.

[0296] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A suspension for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees, characterized in that, The suspending agent comprises the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 5.8-6.0% of the composition, 3-3.2% of the alcohol ether dispersant RHODASURF 860 / P, 1-1.2% of the naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate NNO, 1-1.1% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.24-0.25% of xanthan gum, 0.3-0.5% of the defoamer, 0.1-3% of the preservative, 3-4% of the antifreeze, 3-5% of the synergist, and the balance being water; the composition is composed of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in a mass ratio of 1:(6.25-7); the synergist is PHODASURF 860 / P.

2. The suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The xanthan gum content is 0.24%, and the magnesium aluminum silicate content is 1%.

3. The suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The defoamer is selected from one or more of modified organosilanes, mineral oils, and higher fatty acid esters.

4. The suspension agent for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preservative is 2.5-3% isothiazolinone.

5. The suspension concentrate for thinning flowers and fruits on apple trees as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The antifreeze is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol, urea, and propylene glycol.

6. The application of a suspension concentrate for thinning flowers and fruits in apple trees as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The suspension was diluted and applied to the young fruit stage of apple trees. The effective components of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in the diluted suspension were 70~200 mg / kg.

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