Processing method of adjustable guide vane cross hole, adjustable guide vane and compressor
By machining the first and second hole sections on the first and second end faces of the adjustable guide vane respectively, and combining this with an electrical discharge machining (EDM) or laser drilling machine, the problem of inaccurate control of the cross hole depth was solved, and the borehole inspection was successfully carried out.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUXI TURBINE BLADE
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, if the deep hole of the cross hole of the adjustable guide vane is too deep or too shallow, the borehole detector cannot enter smoothly, thus affecting the smooth progress of borehole detection.
The process involves first machining a blind hole on the first end face of the adjustable guide vane, with the axis of the hole forming an angle with the blade stalk and the bottom of the hole being perpendicular; then machining a second hole on the second end face along the axis of the blade stalk until the holes are connected, using an electrical discharge machine or a laser drilling machine for high-precision control.
This improves the control accuracy of the second borehole depth, reduces the probability of step formation, and ensures that the borehole detector can smoothly enter the cross borehole, thus enabling the smooth progress of borehole detection.
Smart Images
Figure CN119772280B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressor technology, and in particular to a method for processing adjustable guide vane cross holes, adjustable guide vanes, and a compressor. Background Technology
[0002] An air compressor is a component in a gas turbine engine that uses high-speed rotating blades to perform work on air and increase its pressure. The curved tip of the compressor impeller blades is called a guide wheel, which guides the gas into the working impeller without impact, reducing airflow impact losses.
[0003] Compressor blades are divided into moving blades and guide vanes. Guide vanes are further divided into conventional guide vanes and adjustable guide vanes. Adjustable guide vanes are usually located at the compressor inlet or between stages. By changing the blade installation angle, the direction, speed, and pressure distribution of the airflow entering the compressor are controlled, so that the airflow enters the subsequent blade passage at a suitable angle, thereby improving the compressor efficiency and stability and preventing unstable operating conditions such as surge.
[0004] To facilitate regular borehole inspection of the inner wall of the adjustable guide vane, such as Figure 1 As shown, a cross-hole with a large depth-to-diameter ratio needs to be machined on the petiole 11 of the adjustable guide vane. The cross-hole is formed by a deep hole 12 and a shallow hole 13 that are intersecting and connected. The axis of the deep hole 12 is parallel to the axis of the petiole 11, and the axis of the shallow hole 13 is at an angle to the axis of the petiole 11. Currently, the conventional machining method for this type of cross-hole is CNC drilling. The difficulty lies in controlling the depth of the deep hole 12. If the deep hole 12 is too deep, a step 14 will be formed at the junction of the deep hole 12 and the shallow hole 13 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 As shown), this causes the borehole detector to easily collide with the step 14 or even become stuck at the step 14 when entering the shallow borehole 13 from the deep borehole 12, making it unable to penetrate the shallow borehole 13. If the deep borehole 12 is too shallow, the deep borehole 12 cannot communicate with the shallow borehole 13 (as shown). Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this prevents the borehole detector from entering the shallow hole 13 from the deep hole 12. It can be seen that when the deep hole 12 of the cross hole is too deep or too shallow, the borehole detector will not be able to successfully enter the shallow hole 13 from the deep hole 12, thus making the borehole detection impossible.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a processing method for adjustable guide vane cross holes, adjustable guide vanes, and a compressor to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for processing adjustable guide vane cross holes, in order to solve the problem that when the second hole section of the cross hole is too long or too short, the borehole detector cannot enter the cross hole smoothly, thus causing the borehole detection to fail.
[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] A method for machining cross holes in adjustable guide vanes, wherein the adjustable guide vanes include a stalk, the stalk comprising a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, and the method for machining cross holes in adjustable guide vanes includes:
[0009] S1. A first hole segment with a diameter of D1 is machined on the end face of the first end. The first hole segment is a blind hole, so that the axis of the blind hole is at an angle to the axis of the petiole, and the bottom of the blind hole is perpendicular to the axis of the petiole.
[0010] S2. Along the direction parallel to the blade axis, process a second hole segment with a diameter of D2 on the end face of the second end until the bottom of the blind hole is opened up so that the second hole segment is connected to the first hole segment, and the axis of the second hole segment passes through the center of the bottom of the blind hole.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the processing method for the adjustable guide vane cross holes also includes:
[0012] S3. Widen the diameter of the second hole section to D21; widen the diameter of the first hole section to D11.
[0013] Preferably, between step S2 and step S3, the method further includes rinsing out the dirt in the first and second hole segments.
[0014] As a preferred option, D21 should be equal to D11.
[0015] Preferably, step S1 further includes: when processing the first hole segment, making the axis of the leaf stalk pass through the center of the bottom of the blind hole.
[0016] Preferably, the first hole segment in step S1 and the second hole segment in step S2 are both manufactured by electrical discharge machining.
[0017] Preferably, in step S3, an electrical discharge machining (EDM) machine is used to widen the diameter of the first and second hole sections.
[0018] Another objective of this invention is to provide an adjustable guide vane, which allows the borehole detector to enter the cross holes on the blade stalk more smoothly for borehole detection.
[0019] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0020] The adjustable guide vane includes a petiole and a blade shape disposed on the petiole. The petiole has a cross hole, which includes a first hole section and a second hole section that are interconnected. The cross hole is manufactured by the aforementioned method for manufacturing cross holes of the adjustable guide vane.
[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a compressor in which a bore detector can be easily inserted into the cross holes on the blade stalk for bore detection.
[0022] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0023] The compressor includes a housing and the aforementioned adjustable guide vanes, which are mounted on the inner wall of the housing.
[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0025] This invention provides a method for processing cross holes in adjustable guide vanes, adjustable guide vanes, and a compressor. The adjustable guide vane includes a stalk, which includes a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other. The method for processing cross holes in the adjustable guide vane includes: S1, processing a first hole segment with a diameter of D1 on the end face of the first end. The first hole segment is a blind hole, with the axis of the blind hole forming an angle with the axis of the stalk, and the bottom of the blind hole being perpendicular to the axis of the stalk; S2, processing a second hole segment with a diameter of D2 on the end face of the second end along a direction parallel to the axis of the stalk, until the bottom of the blind hole is opened to connect the second hole segment with the first hole segment, and the axis of the second hole segment passes through the center of the bottom of the blind hole. By first machining a first hole segment with its axis at an angle to the axis of the petiole on the end face of the first end, and then machining a second hole segment with its axis parallel to the axis of the petiole on the end face of the second end, until the bottom of the first hole segment is cleared, connecting the second and first hole segments, this machining method uses whether the bottom of the first hole segment is cleared as the standard to determine whether to continue machining the second hole segment. Compared to machining the second hole segment first and then the first hole segment, this method improves the control accuracy of the depth of the second hole segment, solves the problem of the second hole segment being too shallow to connect with the first hole segment, and reduces the probability of a step forming at the connection between the second and first hole segments. Therefore, this machining method facilitates the smooth entry of the borehole detector from the second hole segment into the first hole segment, thus enabling successful borehole detection. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-hole with excessive depth that generates a step in the existing technology;
[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in the prior art where the deep holes of the intersecting holes are too shallow, resulting in the intersecting holes not being connected.
[0028] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the processing steps for the adjustable guide vane cross hole provided by the present invention;
[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the petiole provided by the present invention;
[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable guide vane provided by the present invention;
[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blade shank cross-sectional structure provided by the present invention, showing that the axis of the second hole segment coincides with the center of the bottom of the blind hole.
[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blade stalk provided by the present invention, in which the blade axis coincides with the center of the bottom of the blind hole.
[0033] In the picture:
[0034] 11. Petiole; 12. Deep pore; 13. Shallow pore; 14. Step;
[0035] 2. Petiole; 21. First end; 22. Second end; 31. First pore segment; 32. Second pore segment; 4. Leaf shape. Detailed Implementation
[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.
[0037] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0039] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.
[0040] This embodiment provides a method for processing adjustable guide vane cross holes to solve the problem that when the second hole section of the cross hole is too long or too short, the borehole detector cannot enter the cross hole smoothly, thus causing the borehole detection to fail.
[0041] Specifically, such as Figures 3 to 4 As shown, a method for processing cross holes in an adjustable guide vane is disclosed. The adjustable guide vane includes a stalk 2, which includes a first end 21 and a second end 22 disposed opposite to each other. The method for processing cross holes in the adjustable guide vane includes: S1, processing a first hole segment 31 with a diameter of D1 on the end face of the first end 21. The first hole segment 31 is a blind hole, with the axis of the blind hole forming an angle with the axis of the stalk 2, and the bottom of the blind hole being perpendicular to the axis of the stalk 2; S2, processing a second hole segment 32 with a diameter of D2 on the end face of the second end 22 along a direction parallel to the axis of the stalk 2, until the bottom of the blind hole is opened to connect the second hole segment 32 with the first hole segment 31, and the axis of the second hole segment 32 passing through the center of the bottom of the blind hole. By first machining a first hole segment 31 at an angle to the axis of the blade stalk 2 on the end face of the first end 21, and then machining a second hole segment 32 parallel to the axis of the blade stalk 2 on the end face of the second end 22, until the bottom of the first hole segment 31 is cleared, connecting the second hole segment 32 with the first hole segment 31, this machining method uses whether the bottom of the first hole segment 31 is cleared as the standard to determine whether to continue machining the second hole segment 32. Compared to machining the second hole segment 32 first and then the first hole segment 31, this method improves the control accuracy of the depth of the second hole segment 32, solves the problem of the second hole segment 32 being too shallow to connect with the first hole segment 31, and reduces the probability of a step forming at the connection between the second hole segment 32 and the first hole segment 31. Therefore, this machining method facilitates the insertion of a borehole detector from the second end 22 into the second hole segment 32 and from the second hole segment 32 into the first hole segment 31, thus enabling smooth borehole detection. In addition, the connection between the first hole section 31 and the second hole section 32 also forms a chip removal channel, which facilitates the discharge of waste chips generated during the machining of the second hole section 32.
[0042] In actual operation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the machining position Q1 of the first hole segment 31 on the end face of the first end 21, the hole depth L2 of the first hole segment 31, and the included angle α between the axis Z1 of the first hole segment 31 and the end face of the first end 21 are preset. The value of n can be calculated according to the formula for calculating the side length of a right triangle, and then the position of point Q2 on the end face of the first end 21 is obtained. The orthographic projection of point Q2 on the end face of the second end 22 is the machining position Q3 of the second hole segment 32 on the end face of the second end 22. Then, the first hole segment 31 with a depth of L2 is machined at the machining position Q1 according to the included angle α, and the second hole segment 32 is machined at the machining position Q3, so that the axis Z2 of the second hole segment 32 coincides with the center of the bottom of the hole of the first hole segment 31.
[0043] Furthermore, such as Figures 3 to 4 As shown, step S1 further includes, during the processing of the first hole segment 31, ensuring that the axis of the blade stalk 2 passes through the center of the bottom of the blind hole. Based on the fact that the axis of the second hole segment 32 passes through the center of the bottom of the blind hole, passing the axis of the blade stalk 2 through the center of the bottom of the blind hole means that the axis of the second hole segment 32 coincides with the axis of the blade stalk 2. This avoids the blade stalk 2 breaking due to the eccentric setting of the second hole segment 32, thereby improving the quality of the adjustable guide vane and extending its service life. In other embodiments, the axis of the second hole segment 32 may not coincide with the axis of the blade stalk 2; in this case, the center of the bottom of the first hole segment 31 does not coincide with the axis of the blade stalk 2.
[0044] In actual operation, such as Figure 7 As shown, the machining position Q4 of the first hole segment 31 on the end face of the first end 21 is preset, and the included angle β between the axis Z1 of the first hole segment 31 and the end face of the first end 21 is set. The distance h between the machining position Q4 and the axis Z3 of the blade stalk 2 is measured. The hole depth L2 of the first hole segment 31 can be calculated according to the formula for calculating the side length of a right triangle. Then, the first hole segment 31 with a depth of L2 is machined at the machining position Q4 according to the included angle β, so that the center of the bottom of the first hole segment 31 coincides with the axis Z3 of the blade stalk 2. When machining the second hole segment 32, the axis Z2 of the second hole segment 32 is directly made to coincide with the center position of the second end 22 of the blade stalk 2, so that the axis Z2 of the second hole segment 32 coincides with the axis Z3 of the blade stalk 2, and thus the center of the bottom of the blind hole coincides with the axis Z2 of the second hole segment 32.
[0045] Optionally, such as Figures 3 to 4 As shown, both the first hole segment 31 in step S1 and the second hole segment 32 in step S2 are manufactured using an electrical discharge machining (EDM) machine. The EDM machine first processes the first hole segment 31 to a depth of L2, and then processes the second hole segment 32. When the bottom of the first hole segment 31 is drilled through, the second hole segment 32 connects with the first hole segment 31, at which point the depth of the second hole segment 32 is L1. Using an EDM machine, sub-millimeter level high-precision drilling can be achieved, meeting the dimensional accuracy requirements of cross holes. There is no direct mechanical contact between the tool electrode and the adjustable guide vane, avoiding deformation of the adjustable guide vane and tool wear caused by mechanical force. In other embodiments, the first hole segment 31 and the second hole segment 32 can also be processed using a laser drilling machine. It should be noted that both EDM machines and laser drilling machines are commonly used drilling machines in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.
[0046] It should be noted that the maximum diameter of the hole drilled by the electrical discharge machining (EDM) is 3mm. Therefore, in this embodiment, the diameter D1 of the first hole segment 31 and the diameter D2 of the second hole segment 32 are both 3mm. Of course, in other embodiments, D1 and D2 can be other diameters less than 3mm to meet the detection requirements of different types of borehole detectors.
[0047] Furthermore, D2 equals D1. The diameter of the first hole segment 31 is equal to the diameter of the second hole segment 32, further reducing the probability of a step forming at the connection point between the second hole segment 32 and the first hole segment 31. This makes the connection between the first hole segment 31 and the second hole segment 32 smoother, allowing the borehole detector to smoothly enter the second hole segment 32 from the second end 22 and smoothly enter the first hole segment 31 from the second hole segment 32. It also allows the borehole detector to smoothly retract from the first hole segment 31 back to the second hole segment 32 and exit from the second end 22. In other embodiments, D2 may be less than D1 or greater than D1.
[0048] Optionally, the machining method for the cross holes of the adjustable guide vanes further includes S3, widening the diameter of the second hole section 32 to D21 and widening the diameter of the first hole section 31 to D11. By widening the diameters of the first hole section 31 and the second hole section 32, the borehole detector can more smoothly enter the second hole section 32 from the second end 22 and smoothly enter the first hole section 31, while also accommodating the entry of large-size borehole detectors. In this embodiment, the diameter of the second hole section 32 is widened first, followed by the diameter of the first hole section 31. In other embodiments, the diameter of the first hole section 31 can be widened first, followed by the diameter of the second hole section 32, or the diameters of the first hole section 31 and the second hole section 32 can be widened simultaneously. In addition, the waste generated from widening the first hole section 31 and the second hole section 32 can be discharged from the chip removal channel, avoiding the waste in the first hole section 31 and the second hole section 32 from affecting the widening process and improving the dimensional accuracy of D11 and D21.
[0049] Optionally, between steps S2 and S3, the process further includes flushing out the dirt in the first hole segment 31 and the second hole segment 32. Flushing out the dirt in the first hole segment 31 and the second hole segment 32 further prevents the debris in the first hole segment 31 and the second hole segment 32 from affecting the widening process, thereby further improving the dimensional accuracy of D11 and D21.
[0050] Optionally, in step S3, an electrical discharge machining (EDM) machine is used to widen the diameter of the first hole segment 31 and the second hole segment 32. A forming electrode is designed based on the final machined hole diameter D21. This forming electrode is used on the EDM machine to widen the diameter of the second hole segment 32. The electrode rotates while being fed downwards, widening the diameter of the second hole segment 32 from D2 to D21. The feed depth of the second hole segment 32 is L1, and debris is discharged from the cross hole along the chip removal channel. Similarly, a forming electrode is designed based on the final machined hole diameter D11. This forming electrode is used on the EDM machine to widen the diameter of the first hole segment 31. The electrode rotates while being fed downwards, widening the diameter of the first hole segment 31 from D1 to D11. The feed depth of the first hole segment 31 is L2, and debris is discharged from the cross hole along the chip removal channel. The EDM machine can achieve high-precision hole widening operations through a precise control system and can complete the hole widening task in a short time, effectively improving production efficiency.
[0051] Optionally, when widening the first borehole segment 31 and the second borehole segment 32, D21 is made equal to D11. This reduces the probability of a step forming at the connection point between the widened first borehole segment 31 and the widened second borehole segment 32, allowing the borehole detector to enter the first borehole segment 31 more smoothly from the second borehole segment 32 and to retreat from the first borehole segment 31 back to the second borehole segment 32 more smoothly. In other embodiments, D11 may be less than or greater than D21.
[0052] Furthermore, the processing method for the cross holes of the adjustable guide vane also includes: S4, rinsing the outer surface of the adjustable guide vane, the interior of the first hole section 31, and the interior of the second hole section 32. The rinsing cleans the surface of the adjustable guide vane and the interior of the cross holes to meet the storage standards for the adjustable guide vane, facilitating its direct use.
[0053] This embodiment also provides an adjustable guide vane, which allows the borehole detector to enter the cross hole on the stalk 2 relatively smoothly for borehole detection.
[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjustable guide vane includes a petiole 2 and a blade shape 4 disposed on the petiole 2. The petiole 2 has a cross hole, which includes a first hole segment 31 and a second hole segment 32 that are interconnected. The cross hole is manufactured using the aforementioned method for manufacturing cross holes in adjustable guide vanes. With the aforementioned method for manufacturing cross holes in adjustable guide vanes, the probability of the first hole segment 31 and the second hole segment 32 on the petiole 2 being interconnected is high, and the probability of a step at the connection point between the first hole segment 31 and the second hole segment 32 is low. This allows the borehole detector to enter the cross hole on the petiole 2 relatively smoothly, thus enabling the borehole detector to successfully detect the adjustable guide vane. The blade shape 4 is fixedly connected to the end face of the first end 21 on the petiole 2, resulting in good overall integrity of the adjustable guide vane.
[0055] This embodiment provides another type of compressor, in which the borehole detector can enter the cross hole on the blade stalk 2 relatively easily for borehole detection.
[0056] Specifically, the compressor includes a housing and the aforementioned adjustable guide vanes, which are mounted on the inner wall of the housing. The first hole section 31 on the blade shank 2 communicates with the second hole section 32, and the probability of a step at the connection point between the two second hole sections 32 is low. This allows the borehole detector to easily enter the cross hole on the blade shank 2, thus enabling the borehole detector to successfully detect the adjustable guide vanes of the compressor.
[0057] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for machining the cross holes of adjustable guide vanes, characterized in that, The adjustable guide vane includes a stalk (2), the stalk (2) including a first end (21) and a second end (22) disposed opposite to each other, and the processing method of the cross hole of the adjustable guide vane includes: S1. A first hole segment (31) with a diameter of D1 is machined on the end face of the first end (21). The first hole segment (31) is a blind hole, so that the axis of the blind hole is at an angle to the axis of the leaf stalk (2), and the bottom of the blind hole is perpendicular to the axis of the leaf stalk (2). S2. Along the direction parallel to the axis of the leaf stalk (2), process a second hole segment (32) with a diameter of D2 on the end face of the second end (22) until the bottom of the blind hole is opened so that the second hole segment (32) is connected to the first hole segment (31) and the axis of the second hole segment (32) passes through the center of the bottom of the blind hole.
2. The method for processing the adjustable guide vane cross hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for machining the adjustable guide vane cross hole also includes: S3. Widen the aperture of the second hole segment (32) to D21; widen the aperture of the first hole segment (31) to D11.
3. The method for processing the adjustable guide vane cross hole according to claim 2, characterized in that, Between step S2 and step S3, the method further includes: rinsing out the dirt in the first hole segment (31) and the second hole segment (32).
4. The method for processing the adjustable guide vane cross hole according to claim 2, characterized in that, Make D21 equal to D11.
5. The method for processing the adjustable guide vane cross hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 further includes: when processing the first hole segment (31), making the axis of the leaf stalk (2) pass through the center of the bottom of the blind hole.
6. The method for processing the adjustable guide vane cross hole according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first hole segment (31) in step S1 and the second hole segment (32) in step S2 are both manufactured by electrical discharge machining.
7. The method for processing the adjustable guide vane cross hole according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, In step S3, an electrical discharge machining (EDM) machine is used to widen the diameter of the first hole segment (31) and the second hole segment (32).