An anode electrode, a method for manufacturing the same, and a membrane electrode, and an application thereof

Abstract

The application provides an anode electrode, which is composed of an anode electrode base, a catalyst layer formed on the surface of the anode electrode base, and an ionomer layer formed on the surface of the catalyst layer, wherein the raw material of the catalyst layer comprises a non-noble metal catalyst, a solvent and an ionomer. The application also provides a preparation method of the anode electrode and an application thereof. The application provides an anode electrode, which realizes the stability of the anode electrode by introducing the ionomer, so that the obtained membrane electrode can be stably operated for at least 40 hours in the process of electrolyzing water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water electrolysis for hydrogen production, and in particular to an anode electrode, its preparation method, a membrane electrode, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Solid polymer anion electrolysis water (AEMWE) hydrogen production technology combines the advantages of traditional alkaline liquid electrolyte water electrolysis and PEM water electrolysis. It allows the use of non-precious metal catalysts such as Ni, Co, and Fe in an alkaline medium, saving on equipment and material costs while achieving high-efficiency hydrogen production. Currently, the performance bottleneck of AEMWE is stability, with electrode stability playing a significant role.

[0003] Spray coating is an important electrode fabrication technology widely used in fuel cells, capacitors, and solar cells. It involves spraying liquid materials (such as paints, catalyst inks, etc.) into a mist form onto a substrate surface using a spray gun or similar tool to form the desired coating or electrode. This method offers advantages such as high efficiency, high automation, and good coating uniformity, making it particularly suitable for large-area, complex-shaped electrodes. Ultrasonic spraying, as an advanced spraying technology, offers advantages in electrode fabrication such as high coating uniformity, high raw material utilization, high precision in coating thickness control, and wide applicability. However, electrodes prepared by these spraying methods still suffer from poor stability, and the catalyst layer is prone to detachment.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a method to improve the stability of AEMWE electrodes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide an anode electrode, which has good stability.

[0006] In view of this, this application provides an anode electrode, comprising an anode electrode substrate, a catalyst layer formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate, and an ionomer layer formed on the surface of the catalyst layer, wherein the raw materials of the catalyst layer include a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer.

[0007] Preferably, in the catalyst layer, the ionomer includes one or more of poly(terphenylfluorenealkylene) PFTA series compounds, Nafion, and poly(diphenylenealkylene) PBPA.

[0008] Preferably, in the catalyst layer, the ionomer is selected from Nafion, PFTA-75, a mixture of PFTA-75 and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2), or a mixture of PBTA and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2).

[0009] Preferably, in the catalyst layer, the ionomer is selected from a mixture of PFTA-75 and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2) or a mixture of PBTA and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2).

[0010] Preferably, in the catalyst layer, the solvent is selected from isopropanol and water, the mass ratio of water to isopropanol is 1:(3-10), and the non-precious metal catalyst includes NiFe2O4.

[0011] This application also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned anode electrode, comprising the following steps:

[0012] A catalyst slurry is obtained by mixing a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer.

[0013] The solvent and ionomer are mixed to obtain an ionomer slurry;

[0014] The catalyst slurry is formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate and dried to obtain a catalyst layer.

[0015] The ionomer slurry is formed on the surface of the catalyst layer, dried, and then annealed to obtain the anode electrode.

[0016] Preferably, the solid content of the catalyst slurry is 1.0 to 10.0 wt%.

[0017] Preferably, the catalyst slurry is formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate by spray gun coating, and the loading of non-precious metal catalyst in the catalyst layer is 1.0–5.0 mg / cm³. 2 .

[0018] This application also provides a membrane electrode, including an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, wherein the anode electrode is the anode electrode described above or the anode electrode prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0019] This application also provides the application of the membrane electrode in hydrogen production by solid polymer anion electrolysis of water.

[0020] This application provides an anode electrode, which comprises an anode electrode substrate, a catalyst layer formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate, and an ionomer layer formed on the surface of the catalyst layer. The catalyst layer comprises a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer. By introducing an ionomer into the catalyst layer of the anode electrode, this application provides a ionomer with good water absorption capacity, which reduces the deformation of the anode electrode and thus improves its stability. At the same time, the anionic groups in the ionomer can also form crosslinks with metal ions, reducing the swelling of the ionomer and stabilizing the anode electrode. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for preparing the anode electrode according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 The graphs show the stability test curves of the membrane electrodes prepared in Examples 1 to 4 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0024] In view of the problems of poor stability of the anode electrode and easy detachment of the catalyst layer in the prior art, this application provides an anode electrode that achieves stability by introducing ionomers into the catalyst layer, enabling the resulting membrane electrode to operate stably for at least 40 hours during water electrolysis. Specifically, this invention discloses an anode electrode composed of an anode electrode substrate, a catalyst layer formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate, and an ionomer layer formed on the surface of the catalyst layer. The raw materials of the catalyst layer include a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer.

[0025] In the anode electrode provided in this application, the anode electrode substrate is a substrate well known to those skilled in the art, and this application does not impose any special restrictions on it. For example, the anode electrode substrate is nickel foam.

[0026] The catalyst layer comprises a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer; wherein the non-precious metal catalyst is a catalyst well known to those skilled in the art, and in a specific embodiment, the non-precious metal catalyst is selected from NiFe2O4. In this application, the solvent is selected from water and isopropanol (IPA); the mass ratio of water to isopropanol is 1:(3-10), specifically, the mass ratio of water to isopropanol is 1:(4-6). The ionomer comprises one or more of poly(terphenylfluorenealkylene) PFTA series compounds, Nafion, and poly(diphenylenealkylene) PBPA; wherein the poly(terphenylfluorenealkylene) PFTA series compounds are specifically selected from PFTA-75, and the poly(diphenylenealkylene) PBPA is purchased from Jiamo Technology Co., Ltd. Specifically, the ionomer is selected from Nafion, PFTA-75, a mixture of PFTA-75 and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2), or a mixture of PBTA and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2). Preferably, the ionomer is selected from a mixture of PFTA-75 and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2), or a mixture of PBTA and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2). In the catalyst layer, the mass ratio of the ionomer to the non-precious metal catalyst is 1:(5-10), specifically, the mass ratio of the ionomer to the non-precious metal catalyst is 1:(7-9).

[0027] According to the present invention, an ionomer layer is further formed on the surface of the catalyst layer, the raw materials of which include a solvent and an ionomer. The solvent is specifically isopropanol and water; the volume ratio of water to isopropanol is 1:(3-10), specifically, the mass ratio of water to isopropanol is 1:(4-6). The ionomer includes poly(terphenylfluorenealkylene) PFTA series compounds or poly(biphenylenealkylene) PBPA; the ratio of water, isopropanol and the ionomer is 1 ml:4 ml:(40-60) mg, specifically, the ratio of water, isopropanol and the ionomer is 1 ml:4 ml:50 mg.

[0028] This application also provides a method for preparing the anode electrode, the specific process flow diagram of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0029] A catalyst slurry is obtained by mixing a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer.

[0030] The solvent and ionomer are mixed to obtain an ionomer slurry;

[0031] The catalyst slurry is formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate and dried to obtain a catalyst layer.

[0032] The ionomer slurry is formed on the surface of the catalyst layer, dried, and then annealed to obtain the anode electrode.

[0033] In the anode electrode preparation process, this application first mixes a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer to obtain a catalyst slurry. During this process, the mixing is preferably performed ultrasonically to fully break down the agglomerates of the non-precious metal particles and ensure uniform dispersion. The ultrasonic temperature is 20–30°C. For the above raw materials, the ionomer is added in the form of an ionomer solution. The solvent in the ionomer solution is selected from dimethyl sulfoxide, and the concentration of the ionomer solution is 10–20 wt%. More specifically, when the ionomer is selected from PFTA-75 or PBPA, the concentration of the ionomer solution is 10 wt%; when the ionomer is selected from Nafion, the concentration of the ionomer solution is 20 wt%.

[0034] According to the present invention, an ionomer slurry was prepared by mixing a solvent and an ionomer to obtain the ionomer slurry.

[0035] This application then prepares the obtained catalyst slurry on the surface of the anode electrode substrate, and after drying, obtains a catalyst layer. Specifically, the catalyst slurry can be prepared on the surface of the anode electrode substrate by spraying with a spray gun to achieve uniform distribution of the slurry on the electrode. The loading of non-precious metal catalyst in the catalyst layer is 1.0–5.0 mg / cm³. 2 Specifically, the loading of non-precious metal catalyst in the catalyst layer is 2.0–4.0 mg / cm³. 2 The drying method can be oven drying.

[0036] Finally, the ionomer slurry is formed on the surface of the catalyst layer, dried, and then annealed. During this process, the method for preparing the ionomer slurry on the catalyst layer surface can be a method well-known to those skilled in the art; for example, a coating method can be used. The ionomer loading in the ionomer layer is 0.1–1.0 mg / cm³. 2 Specifically, the ionomer loading in the ionomer layer is 0.35–0.45 mg / cm³. 2 The drying method can be oven drying, and the annealing treatment is specifically performed in a vacuum drying oven.

[0037] This application also provides a membrane electrode, including an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, wherein the anode electrode is the anode electrode described in the above-described scheme.

[0038] In the membrane electrode, the cathode electrode is a cathode electrode well known to those skilled in the art; for example, the cathode electrode is an electrode with a cathode catalytic layer composited on the surface of carbon paper.

[0039] This application also provides the application of the above-mentioned membrane electrode in hydrogen production by solid polymer anion electrolysis of water.

[0040] This application provides an anode electrode that improves anode stability by introducing ionomers into the catalyst layer, reducing the deformation of the anode catalyst layer; under anode water electrolysis conditions, it exhibits good stability (resistance to alkali and high-potential oxidation) and can operate at 1 A·cm -2 It can operate stably for at least 40 hours at current density, which enhances the durability of AEMWE over time and reduces its cost.

[0041] To further understand the present invention, the following detailed description of the anode electrode, its preparation method, and its application, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Weigh 45.72 mg of NiFe2O4 into a bottle, add 0.91 ml of water and 3.66 ml of isopropanol (IPA), add 12.5 wt% of PFTA-75, and sonicate at a temperature below 20°C until fully mixed to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 3.3%. Add 2 ml of H2O and 8 ml of isopropanol to 100 mg of PFTA-75 ionomer, and sonicate at a temperature below 20°C until fully mixed to obtain an ionomer slurry. The 12.5 wt% concentration is calculated as: (mass of PFTA-75 in a 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution) / (mass of NiFe2O4 catalyst + mass of PFTA-75 in a 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution) × 100%, where the solvent for the 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution is dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0044] Cut the gas diffusion layer to a suitable size, weigh the cut layer, and fix it on the heating plate, adjusting the temperature to 60℃. Adjust the gas flow rate, pour the slurry into the spray gun, and slowly and evenly spray it onto the electrode to allow the solvent to evaporate quickly. After the slurry is sprayed, weigh the electrode on a balance and record the weight, controlling the catalyst loading to 2 mg / cm³. 2 A layer of 0.45 mg / cm³ formed from ionomer slurry is coated onto the dried electrode. 2 The PFTA-75 ionomer layer was dried; then annealed in a vacuum drying oven to obtain the anode electrode; it was then coated onto carbon paper with a loading of 1.0 mg / cm³. 2 Cathode catalyst layer and CO 15 The membrane was assembled into a membrane electrode; the device was then installed and water electrolysis tests were conducted, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Weigh 45.72 mg of NiFe2O4 into a bottle, add 0.91 ml of water and 3.66 ml of IPA, add a mixture of 12.5 wt% PFTA-75 and Nafion, and sonicate at a temperature below 20°C until fully mixed to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 3.3%. Add 2 ml of H2O and 8 ml of isopropanol with 100 mg of NiFe2O4. The PFTA-75 ionomers were mixed and ultrasonicated below 20°C until fully mixed, then removed to obtain an ionomer slurry. The slurry was calculated as follows: 12.5 wt% = (total mass of PFTA-75 in a 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution + Nafion in a 20 wt% Nafion solution) / (mass of catalyst NiFe2O4 + mass of PFTA-75 in a 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution + mass of Nafion in a 20 wt% Nafion solution) × 100%. The solvent for the 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution was dimethyl sulfoxide. The mass ratio of PFTA-75 to Nafion was 1:1.

[0047] Cut the gas diffusion layer to a suitable size, weigh the cut layer, and fix it on the heating plate, adjusting the temperature to 60℃. Adjust the gas flow rate, pour the slurry into the spray gun, and slowly and evenly spray it onto the electrode to allow the solvent to evaporate quickly. After the slurry is sprayed, weigh the electrode on a balance and record the weight, controlling the catalyst loading to 2 mg / cm³. 2 A 0.45 mg / cm layer of ionomer slurry was applied to the dried electrode. 2 The PFTA-75 ionomer layer was dried; then annealed in a vacuum drying oven to obtain the anode electrode; it was then coated onto carbon paper with a loading of 1.0 mg / cm³. 2 Cathode catalyst layer and CO 15 The membrane was assembled into a membrane electrode; the device was then installed and water electrolysis tests were conducted, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Weigh 45.72 mg of NiFe2O4 into a bottle, add 0.91 ml of water and 3.66 ml of IPA, add 12.5 wt% PFTA-75:Nafion = 1:2, and sonicate at a temperature below 20°C until fully mixed to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 3.3%. Add 2 ml of H2O and 8 ml of isopropanol and 100 mg of... The PFTA-75 ionomers were mixed and ultrasonicated below 20°C until fully mixed, then removed to obtain an ionomer slurry. The slurry was calculated as follows: 12.5 wt% = (total mass of PFTA-75 in a 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution + Nafion in a 20 wt% Nafion solution) / (mass of catalyst NiFe2O4 + mass of PFTA-75 in a 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution + mass of Nafion in a 20 wt% Nafion solution) × 100%. The solvent for the 10 wt% PFTA-75 solution was dimethyl sulfoxide. The mass ratio of PFTA-75 to Nafion was 1:2.

[0050] Cut the gas diffusion layer to a suitable size, weigh the cut layer, and fix it on the heating plate, adjusting the temperature to 60℃. Adjust the gas flow rate, pour the slurry into the spray gun, and slowly and evenly spray it onto the electrode to allow the solvent to evaporate quickly. After the slurry is sprayed, weigh the electrode on a balance and record the weight, controlling the catalyst loading to 2 mg / cm³. 2 A 0.45 mg / cm layer of ionomer slurry was applied to the dried electrode. 2 The PFTA-75 ionomer layer was dried; then annealed in a vacuum drying oven to obtain the anode electrode; it was then coated onto carbon paper with a loading of 1.0 mg / cm³. 2 Cathode catalyst layer and CO 15 The membrane was assembled into a membrane electrode; the device was then installed and water electrolysis tests were conducted, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] Weigh 45.72 mg of NiFe2O4 into a bottle, add 0.91 ml of water and 3.66 ml of IPA, add 12.5 wt% of Nafion, and sonicate at a temperature below 20°C until fully mixed to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 3.3%. Add 2 ml of H2O and 8 ml of isopropanol to 100 mg of PFTA-75 ionomer, and sonicate at a temperature below 20°C until fully mixed to obtain an ionomer slurry. Wherein, 12.5 wt% = (mass of Nafion in a 20 wt% Nafion solution) / (mass of NiFe2O4 catalyst + mass of Nafion in a 20 wt% Nafion solution) × 100%.

[0053] Cut the gas diffusion layer to a suitable size, weigh the cut layer, and fix it on the heating plate, adjusting the temperature to 60℃. Adjust the gas flow rate, pour the slurry into the spray gun, and slowly and evenly spray it onto the electrode to allow the solvent to evaporate quickly. After the slurry is sprayed, weigh the electrode on a balance and record the weight, controlling the catalyst loading to 2 mg / cm³. 2 A 0.45 mg / cm layer of ionomer slurry was applied to the dried electrode. 2 The PFTA-75 ionomer layer was dried; then annealed in a vacuum drying oven to obtain the anode electrode; and then coated onto carbon paper with a loading of 1.0 mg / cm³. 2 Cathode catalyst layer and CO 15 The membrane was assembled into a membrane electrode; the device was then installed and water electrolysis tests were conducted, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] Weigh 45.72 mg of NiFe2O4 into a bottle, add 0.91 ml of water and 3.66 ml of IPA, add 12.5 wt% of PBPA:Nafion = 1:1, and sonicate at a temperature below 20°C until thoroughly mixed to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 3.3%. Add 2 ml of H2O and 8 ml of isopropanol to 100 mg of PBPA ionomer, and sonicate at a temperature below 20°C until thoroughly mixed to obtain an ionomer slurry. The 12.5 wt% is calculated as: (total mass of PBPA in a 10 wt% PBPA solution + mass of Nafion in a 20 wt% Nafion solution) / (mass of NiFe2O4 catalyst + mass of PBPA in a 10 wt% PBPA solution + mass of Nafion in a 20 wt% Nafion solution) × 100%. The solvent for the 10 wt% PBPA solution is dimethyl sulfoxide. The mass ratio of PBPA to Nafion is 1:1.

[0056] Cut the gas diffusion layer to a suitable size, weigh the cut layer, and fix it on the heating plate, adjusting the temperature to 60℃. Adjust the gas flow rate, pour the slurry into the spray gun, and slowly and evenly spray it onto the electrode to allow the solvent to evaporate quickly. After the slurry is sprayed, weigh the electrode on a balance and record the weight, controlling the catalyst loading to 2 mg / cm³. 2 A 0.45 mg / cm layer of ionomer slurry was applied to the dried electrode. 2 The PBPA ionomer layer was dried and then annealed in a vacuum drying oven to obtain the anode electrode; it was then coated onto carbon paper with a loading of 1.0 mg / cm³. 2 Cathode catalyst layer and CO 15The membrane was assembled into a membrane electrode; the device was then installed and water electrolysis tests were conducted, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0057] Example 6

[0058] Weigh 45.72 mg of NiFe2O4 into a bottle, add 0.91 ml of water and 3.66 ml of IPA, add 12.5 wt% PBPA:Nafion = 1:2, control the temperature below 20℃ and sonicate, mix thoroughly, and remove to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 3.3%; add 2 ml of H2O and 8 ml of isopropanol and mix with 100 mg of PBPA ionomer, sonicate below 20℃, mix thoroughly, and remove to obtain an ionomer slurry; where 12.5 wt% = (total mass of PBPA in 10 wt% PBPA solution + Nafion in 20 wt% Nafion solution) / (mass of catalyst NiFe2O4 + mass of PBPA in 10 wt% PBPA solution + mass of Nafion in 20 wt% Nafion solution) × 100%, the solvent of the 10 wt% PBPA solution is dimethyl sulfoxide; the mass ratio of PBPA to Nafion is 1:2;

[0059] Cut the gas diffusion layer to a suitable size, weigh the cut layer, and fix it on the heating plate, adjusting the temperature to 60℃. Adjust the gas flow rate, pour the slurry into the spray gun, and slowly and evenly spray it onto the electrode to allow the solvent to evaporate quickly. After the slurry is sprayed, weigh the electrode on a balance and record the weight, controlling the catalyst loading to 2 mg / cm³. 2 A 0.45 mg / cm layer of ionomer slurry was applied to the dried electrode. 2 The PBPA ionomer layer was dried; then annealed in a vacuum drying oven; and finally sprayed onto carbon paper with a loading of 1.0 mg / cm³. 2 Cathode catalyst layer and CO 15 Membrane, assembled into membrane electrode; device installed for water electrolysis (1 M KOH, 80 °C, 1 A / cm²). 2 The test was run (under [the specified conditions]), and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0060] Table 1. Formulations of Examples and Comparative Examples

[0061]

[0062] Table 2 Performance data of the membrane electrodes prepared in the examples

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Figure 2 The graph shows the voltage change over time of the membrane electrodes prepared in Examples 1 to 4 during water electrolysis for at least 40 hours. As can be seen from the graph, the stability of the battery voltage is better as the content of Nafion ionomer increases. However, since Nafion cannot conduct OH-, the preferred condition is PFTA-75:Nafion = 1:1 to 1:2. Other AEIs, such as PBPA, also have this effect.

[0066] After the membrane electrodes prepared in Examples 1-4 were reacted for 45 hours, the detached catalyst in the electrolyte was dissolved in hydrochloric acid and diluted to between 0.1 and 1.0 mg / L. The solution was shaken well, and 15 ml of the liquid was extracted. The catalyst content in the liquid was tested using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, and the total catalyst mass was calculated. The amount of detached catalyst is shown in Table 3.

[0067] Table 3. Catalyst shedding data for membrane electrodes prepared in the examples.

[0068] PFTA-75 0.9083 PFTA-75:Nafion = 2:1 0.2046 PFTA-75:Nafion = 1:1 0.1957 Nafion 0.1587

[0069] The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0070] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An anode electrode, comprising an anode electrode substrate, a catalyst layer formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate, and an ionomer layer formed on the surface of the catalyst layer, wherein the catalyst layer comprises a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer; In the catalyst layer, the ionomer is selected from a mixture of PFTA-75 and Nafion in a mass ratio of 1:1 or 1:

2.

2. The anode electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the catalyst layer, the solvent is selected from isopropanol and water, and the mass ratio of water to isopropanol is 1:(3~10). The non-precious metal catalyst includes NiFe2O4.

3. The method for preparing the anode electrode according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: A catalyst slurry is obtained by mixing a non-precious metal catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer. The solvent and ionomer are mixed to obtain an ionomer slurry; The catalyst slurry is formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate and dried to obtain a catalyst layer. The ionomer slurry is formed on the surface of the catalyst layer, dried, and then annealed to obtain the anode electrode.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solid content of the catalyst slurry is 1.0~10.0 wt%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The catalyst slurry is formed on the surface of the anode electrode substrate by spray gun coating, and the loading of non-precious metal catalyst in the catalyst layer is 1.0~5.0 mg / cm³. 2 .

6. A membrane electrode, comprising an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, characterized in that, The anode electrode is the anode electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or the anode electrode prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

7. The application of the membrane electrode according to claim 6 in hydrogen production by solid polymer anion electrolysis of water.

Images