Cold insulation device for a tower and method of installation

Abstract

The application discloses a cold-keeping device for towers and pipelines and a mounting method, which comprises a grid framework and a cold-keeping layer. The cold-keeping layer is connected to the outside of a tower device, and the grid framework is sleeved outside the cold-keeping layer. The grid framework comprises a plurality of annular horizontal flat steels and vertical flat steels. The vertical flat steels are connected to the outside of the annular horizontal flat steels. The plurality of vertical flat steels connect the plurality of annular horizontal flat steels into a cylindrical structure. An outer protective layer is further connected to the outside of the grid framework. Support blocks are further connected to the inside of the annular horizontal flat steels and are in contact with the cold-keeping layer. The cold-keeping layer is preliminarily fixed by soft binding belts. Then, the grid framework is sleeved outside the cold-keeping layer. The support blocks with a width greater than the width of a reserved expansion joint are connected to the inside of the grid framework. The support blocks press the cold-keeping layer on the device. When a gap is generated due to thermal expansion and cold contraction of the cold-keeping layer, the elastic support blocks are also elongated to press the cold-keeping layer on the device, so that the cold-keeping layer is prevented from sliding off due to the gap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of equipment and pipeline insulation, specifically relating to a cold insulation device and installation method for towers and pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] In the petrochemical industry, equipment used to store cryogenic media ranging from -200℃ to 0℃ typically requires insulation, with the insulation layer installed on the outer wall of the equipment. The insulation layer generally consists of insulation material, a moisture-proof layer, and an outer protective layer, with the protective layer providing waterproofing, windproofing, and UV protection.

[0003] During the installation and fixing of the insulation layer, to prevent moisture from entering, the support components on the side of the insulation layer closest to the equipment are not allowed to penetrate the insulation layer; nor are external rivets, self-tapping screws, etc., allowed to be embedded in the insulation layer. Therefore, during the insulation construction process, the outer protective layer (such as: 0.5-0.7mm thick aluminum sheet, galvanized iron sheet, stainless steel sheet, etc.) is usually fixed by first interlocking the protective layers together, and then binding them with steel straps.

[0004] The method of first interlocking the metal and then securing the outer protective layer with steel straps is simple, practical, quick, and convenient for horizontal equipment, pipelines, and small vertical equipment within 2 meters in height. However, this method is unsuitable and poses safety risks for large towers in cryogenic environments and exceeding 2 meters in height. Cryogenic equipment insulation materials experience thermal expansion and contraction. Typically, the ambient temperature during installation is between 10℃ and 40℃; during equipment operation, the temperature is usually between -196℃ and -50℃. This contraction causes gaps between the insulation material and the outer protective layer. During the insulation process of tower equipment, the higher the equipment, the greater the risk of the outer protective layer slipping off. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cold insulation device and installation method for towers and pipelines to solve the problem of the outer protective layer slipping off due to thermal expansion and contraction during the cold insulation process of towers.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical means: a cold insulation device for tower equipment and pipelines, comprising a grid frame and a cold insulation layer. The cold insulation layer is connected to the outside of the tower equipment, and the grid frame is fitted over the cold insulation layer. The grid frame includes several annular horizontal flat steel bars and vertical flat steel bars. The vertical flat steel bars are connected to the outside of the annular horizontal flat steel bars. The several vertical flat steel bars connect the several annular horizontal flat steel bars to form a cylindrical structure. The bottom of the vertical flat steel bars is a support leg, and the top of the several vertical flat steel bars is bent towards the center and connected to the center. An outer protective layer is also connected to the outside of the grid frame, and a support block is also connected to the inside of the annular horizontal flat steel bars. The support block is in contact with the cold insulation layer.

[0007] The mesh frame is also connected to wires, which are connected to the diagonals of the mesh.

[0008] A method for installing a cold insulation device for tower equipment and pipelines includes the following steps: Step 1: Fixing the insulation layer. Connect the insulation material to the tower equipment and glue and seal the insulation material into an integral insulation layer. Seal the joints of the insulation material with sealant. The insulation material is diene or nitrile rubber. Step 2: Mesh skeleton processing. Weld flat steel into a ring shape with the wide side of the flat steel facing the center, i.e., weld it into a ring-shaped horizontal flat steel. Weld the wide side of vertical flat steel on the outer side of the ring-shaped horizontal flat steel to form a cylindrical mesh skeleton. Reserve a section at the bottom of the vertical flat steel as a support leg. Weld the top of the vertical flat steel into a watermelon rind-like mesh skeleton for finishing. Iron wire is also welded on the diagonal of each grid. Step 3: Hoisting the grid frame. Hoist the grid frame outside the equipment to cover the equipment and the insulation layer. The diameter of the grid frame should be larger than the diameter of the insulation layer, and an expansion joint should be reserved between the grid frame and the insulation layer. Step 4: Fix the support blocks. Connect several support blocks to the inside of each annular transverse flat steel bar, wherein the width of the support blocks is greater than the width of the expansion joint. Step 5: Secure the outer protective layer. Using blind rivets, from bottom to top, rivet the outer protective layer to the flat steel of the grid frame without damaging the insulation layer, and securely connect the legs to the equipment foundation.

[0009] The outside of the insulation layer is also secured with soft strapping.

[0010] In the grid skeleton, the diameter of the circle formed by the annular transverse flat steel is the sum of the diameter of the cold insulation layer and twice the width of the expansion joint.

[0011] The outer protective layer is made of the same material as the mesh skeleton.

[0012] If there are protruding parts on the equipment, a notch shall be reserved on the annular transverse flat steel after the grid frame is hoisted.

[0013] The outer protective layer is composed of several thin outer protective plates overlapped together, and the thin protective plates are vertically bound together.

[0014] After step five, the piping is insulated and sealed. If the pipe support has a protrusion and the thickness of the pipe insulation layer is less than the thickness of the pipe support insulation layer, then a first layer of nitrile rubber is added outside the pipe insulation layer near the pipe support so that the first layer of nitrile rubber is flush with the pipe support, and a second layer of nitrile rubber is connected at the joint between the first layer of nitrile rubber and the pipe support. If the pipe support has a protrusion, and the thickness of the pipe insulation layer is equal to the thickness of the pipe support insulation layer, then connect the first layer of nitrile rubber at the joint between the pipe insulation layer and the pipe support. If the pipe support cross-section is planar, and the thickness of the pipe insulation layer is equal to the thickness of the pipe support insulation layer, then connect the first layer of nitrile rubber at the joint between the pipe insulation layer and the pipe support. If the pipe support cross-section is planar and the pipe insulation layer thickness is less than the pipe support insulation thickness, then near the pipe support, a first layer of nitrile rubber is added outside the pipe insulation layer so that the first layer of nitrile rubber is flush with the pipe support, and a second layer of nitrile rubber is connected at the joint between the first layer of nitrile rubber and the pipe support.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Initially fix the insulation layer with soft strapping. Then, put the grid frame over the insulation layer and connect the support blocks, which are wider than the reserved expansion joint width, inside the grid frame. The support blocks press the insulation layer onto the equipment. When the insulation layer expands and contracts with temperature, creating gaps, the elastic support blocks will also extend to press the insulation layer onto the equipment, preventing the insulation layer from slipping off due to gaps.

[0016] 2. By using a grid support system, the problem of cold bridging cannot be solved by traditional supports such as angle steel, thereby reducing the cold loss of tower equipment and realizing the effective operation of the tower equipment's insulation layer. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cold insulation layer installation structure; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh skeleton; Figure 4 This is a magnified view of a portion of the mesh skeleton; Figure 5 Top view of the grid skeleton; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the first type of cold insulation structure with a boss-shaped pipe support; Figure 7 This is a diagram of the second type of cold insulation structure with a boss-shaped pipe support; Figure 8 This is a diagram of the first type of cold insulation structure without a boss-shaped pipe support; Figure 9 This is a diagram of the second type of cold insulation structure without a boss-shaped pipe support; The diagram shows: 1. Grid frame; 1-1. Circular horizontal flat steel; 1-2. Vertical flat steel; 2. Cold insulation layer; 3. Support legs; 4. Outer protective layer; 5. Iron wire; 6. Support block; 7. Equipment body.

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0019]

Example 1

[0020] The mesh frame 1 is also connected to a wire 5, which is connected to the diagonal of the mesh.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the insulation layer 2 is attached to the device body 7 by adhesive, without relying on the various supporting components on the device body 7. The mesh frame 1 is fitted over the insulation layer 2, with a certain gap between them as an expansion joint. Figure 2 As shown, the inner side of the mesh frame 1 is connected to an elastic support block 6, which is made of elastic rubber material. The support block 6 presses the protective layer 6 onto the device body 7. The outer side of the mesh frame 1 is connected to an outer protective layer 4.

[0022] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the grid frame 1 consists of layers of annular horizontal flat steel 1-1 and vertical flat steel 1-2. Several annular horizontal flat steel 1-1 are arranged vertically into a cylindrical shape. The vertical flat steel 1-2 connects the annular horizontal flat steel 1-1 at different heights from the outside of the annular horizontal flat steel 1-1. The annular horizontal flat steel 1-1 and the vertical flat steel 1-2 form the cylindrical grid frame 1. The bottom of the vertical flat steel 1-2 is a support leg 3, which is welded to the equipment foundation. The top is as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the wire bends towards the center, forming a watermelon rind-like mesh frame at the end, and the end is welded to the top of the vertical flat steel 1-2.

[0023] The grid skeleton 1 has several approximately quadrilateral grids formed by annular horizontal flat steel bars 1-1 and vertical flat steel bars 1-2, with iron wires 5 connected to each diagonal of the grid, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it serves to fix and stabilize the mesh skeleton 1.

[0024] A method for installing a cold insulation device for tower equipment and pipelines includes the following steps; Step 1: Fixing the insulation layer 2. Connect the insulation material to the tower equipment and glue and seal the insulation material into an integral insulation layer 2. Seal the joints of the insulation material with sealant. The insulation material is diene or nitrile rubber. The outside of the cold insulation layer 2 is also bound with soft strapping.

[0025] First, fix the insulation layer 2 to the equipment body 7. The insulation material is mainly composed of diene and nitrile rubber, and is applied by adhesive bonding to the equipment surface. Several insulation materials are bonded and sealed together to form the insulation layer 2. The joints of the insulation materials on the insulation layer 2 are sealed with sealant. Then, use soft strapping to secure the insulation layer 2 to the equipment.

[0026] Step 2: Processing the mesh skeleton 1. Weld the flat steel into a ring shape with the wide side of the flat steel facing the center, i.e., weld it into a ring-shaped horizontal flat steel 1-1. Weld the wide side of the vertical flat steel 1-2 on the outer side of the ring-shaped horizontal flat steel 1-1 to form a cylindrical mesh skeleton. The bottom end of the vertical flat steel 1-2 is reserved as a support leg 3. The top of the vertical flat steel 1-2 is welded into a watermelon rind-like mesh skeleton for finishing. Iron wire 5 is also welded on the diagonal of each mesh. In the grid skeleton 1, the diameter of the circle formed by the annular transverse flat steel 1-1 is the sum of the diameter of the cold insulation layer 2 and twice the width of the expansion joint.

[0027] The outer protective layer 4 is made of the same material as the mesh frame 1. The flat steel in the mesh frame 1 should be made of the same material as the outer protective layer 4. For example, if the outer protective layer 4 is a stainless steel sheet, the flat steel should also be made of stainless steel.

[0028] If there are protruding parts on the equipment, a notch shall be reserved on the annular transverse flat steel 1-1 after the grid frame is hoisted.

[0029] Next, we will process the grid frame 1. Since the grid frame 1 will be fitted over the cold insulation layer 2, its diameter, that is, the diameter of the circular ring-shaped horizontal flat steel 1-1, must be larger than the diameter of the cold insulation layer 2 to allow for expansion joint space. This will facilitate hoisting. The diameter of the circle formed by the circular ring-shaped horizontal flat steel 1-1 is the diameter of the cold insulation layer 2 plus twice the width of the reserved expansion joint.

[0030] First, weld 20×2mm flat steel into a ring shape, with the wide side facing the center. The diameter of the ring (ring-shaped transverse flat steel 1-1) is: outer diameter of the equipment cylinder + 2 × thickness of insulation layer 2 (outer diameter of the cylinder + 2 × thickness of insulation layer, which is the diameter of insulation layer 2) + width of the expansion joint of insulation layer 2. The number of rings is: equipment cylinder height / 850mm + 1. Second, weld vertical flat steel 1-2 to the outer wide surface of the ring-shaped transverse flat steel 1-1. Weld 30×5mm steel at the 12, 3, 6, and 9 o'clock positions of the ring-shaped transverse flat steel 1-1. First, weld 30×3mm flat steel bars at intervals of ≤500mm in other positions, with the wide side welded to the wide side. The bottom vertical flat steel bars 1-2 are reserved with 50mm long support legs 3. Second, according to the shape of the horizontal cylinder, weld all the rings one by one with the corresponding vertical flat steel bars 1-2 to connect them into a cylindrical grid-like skeleton. Third, weld and fix iron wire 5 with a diameter of 2.5mm on each grid. Finally, according to the size of the equipment head, weld the corresponding flat steel bars to one end of the welded cylindrical grid skeleton to form a watermelon rind-like grid skeleton for closing.

[0031] For cases involving external accessories such as ladders or platforms, gaps can be reserved. For example, if there is a raised platform or other external accessory at the height of the third to fourth layer of annular transverse flat steel 1-1 from bottom to top, a corresponding gap can be reserved on the annular transverse flat steel 1-1 of the first to third layers. During hoisting, the equipment can be hoisted along the gap, and the gap can be welded after hoisting is completed.

[0032] Step 3: Hoisting of the grid frame 1. Hoist the grid frame 1 outside the equipment to cover the equipment and the insulation layer 2. The diameter of the grid frame 1 is larger than the diameter of the insulation layer 2. An expansion joint is reserved between the grid frame 1 and the insulation layer 2. Secure the slings at the 12, 3, 6, and 9 o'clock positions at the midpoint of the height of the grid frame 1 for load bearing; secondly, install slings or hangers for positioning at the end of the grid frame 1 before hoisting; thirdly, adjust the frame position to completely cover the tower equipment inside the grid frame, ensuring that the expansion joint between the frame and the insulation layer 2 is evenly reserved, and then the hoisting is completed. Step 4: Fix the support block 6. Connect several support blocks 6 to the inside of each annular transverse flat steel 1-1, wherein the width of the support block 6 is greater than the width of the expansion joint. Fourth: On the inner side of the ring-shaped transverse flat steel 1-1, at every interval, the support block 6 is fixed by hot-melt bonding or adhesive bonding, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the support block 6 has a length and width twice that of the expansion joint, and a thickness equal to the width of the expansion joint. 4-6 blocks are installed in each ring, evenly distributed vertically and horizontally. Finally, the bottom ring of the frame is completely and firmly welded to the equipment foundation.

[0033] Support block 6 should be made of a non-metallic material such as rubber with a certain degree of elasticity.

[0034] The elastic support block 6 presses the insulation layer 2 onto the equipment. Even if the insulation layer 2 shrinks and a gap is formed between the insulation layer 2 and the equipment, the support block 6 will extend accordingly to continue pressing the insulation layer 2 onto the equipment and fill the gap caused by the shrinkage.

[0035] Step 5: Fix the outer protective layer 4. Using blind rivets from bottom to top, the outer protective layer 4 is riveted to the flat steel of the grid frame 1 without damaging the cold insulation layer 2, and the support leg 3 is firmly connected to the equipment foundation.

[0036] The outer protective layer 4 is composed of several thin outer protective layer plates overlapped together, and the thin protective layer plates are vertically bound together.

[0037] The outer protective layer sheet is installed from bottom to top. The outer protective layer sheet is riveted to the flat steel of the grid frame 1 using blind rivets. The rivets must not damage the insulation layer 2. Next, the protective layer sheet is overlapped vertically and horizontally, with an overlap width of not less than 300mm. The upper layer overlaps the lower layer, and the right side overlaps the left side. Third, after the protective layer sheet is installed, 20×0.5mm steel strapping is used to further bind it vertically at intervals of about two meters. Finally, waterproof and heat-resistant outer sealant is applied to all joints and gaps.

[0038] After step five, pipe insulation and sealing are also performed. Since there are often pipes on the equipment, and pipe supports are needed in some places to support the pipes, it is necessary to insulate the connection between the pipes and pipe supports.

[0039] If the pipe support has a protrusion and the thickness of the pipe insulation layer is less than the thickness of the pipe support insulation layer, then a first layer of nitrile rubber is added outside the pipe insulation layer near the pipe support so that the first layer of nitrile rubber is flush with the pipe support, and a second layer of nitrile rubber is connected at the joint between the first layer of nitrile rubber and the pipe support. If the pipe support has a protrusion, and the thickness of the pipe insulation layer is equal to the thickness of the pipe support insulation layer, then connect the first layer of nitrile rubber at the joint between the pipe insulation layer and the pipe support. If the pipe support cross-section is planar and the thickness of the pipe insulation layer is equal to the thickness of the pipe support insulation layer, the first layer of nitrile rubber is connected at the joint between the pipe insulation layer and the pipe support. If the pipe support cross-section is planar and the pipe insulation layer thickness is less than the pipe support insulation thickness, then near the pipe support, a first layer of nitrile rubber is added outside the pipe insulation layer so that the first layer of nitrile rubber is flush with the pipe support, and a second layer of nitrile rubber is connected at the joint between the first layer of nitrile rubber and the pipe support.

[0040] Piping insulation and sealing is mainly for situations where the thickness of the pipe insulation layer is inconsistent with the thickness of the insulation pipe support, resulting in a blank cross section. The following overlapping method is adopted according to the size of the insulation pipe support.

[0041] like Figure 6As shown, the pipe support has a raised section. Since the pipe's own insulation layer thickness is less than the pipe support's insulation thickness, a first layer of nitrile rubber is added to the outside of the pipe's insulation layer near the pipe support, flush with the pipe support. A second 25mm nitrile rubber layer is then added at the joint.

[0042] like Figure 7 As shown, the pipe support cross-section has a boss, and the thickness of the pipe's own insulation layer is equal to the insulation thickness of the pipe support. A first layer of 25mm nitrile rubber is directly added at the joint between the pipe's own insulation layer and the pipe support.

[0043] like Figure 8 As shown, there is no boss, and the thickness of the pipe's own insulation layer is equal to the thickness of the pipe support insulation layer. The first layer of 25mm nitrile rubber is directly added at the joint between the pipe's own insulation layer and the pipe support.

[0044] like Figure 9 As shown, there is no protrusion, and the thickness of the pipe's own insulation layer is less than the insulation thickness of the pipe support. Therefore, near the pipe support, a first layer of nitrile rubber is added outside the pipe's insulation layer, flush with the pipe support. A second 25mm nitrile rubber layer is then added at the joint.

[0045] All of the outermost nitrile rubber, the outer wall of the pipe support, and the outer layer of the pipe itself are connected to a protective layer.

Claims

1. A cooling device for a tower, characterized in that: The equipment includes a grid frame (1) and a cold insulation layer (2). The cold insulation layer (2) is tied to the outside of the tower equipment with soft strapping. The grid frame (1) is fitted over the cold insulation layer (2). The grid frame (1) includes several annular horizontal flat steels (1-1) and vertical flat steels (1-2). The vertical flat steels (1-2) are connected to the outside of the annular horizontal flat steels (1-1). The several vertical flat steels (1-2) connect the several annular horizontal flat steels (1-1) into a cylindrical structure. The bottom of the vertical flat steels (1-2) is a support leg (3) connected to the equipment foundation. The top of the flat steel (1-2) is bent towards the center and connected to the center. The top is welded into a watermelon rind-like grid skeleton. The grid skeleton (1) is also connected to an outer protective layer (4). The inner side of the annular horizontal flat steel (1-1) is also connected to a support block (6). The support block (6) is in contact with the cold insulation layer (2). The horizontal flat steel (1-1) and the vertical flat steel (1-2) form a quadrilateral grid. The support block (6) is made of elastic rubber material. The grid skeleton (1) and the cold insulation layer (2) have an expansion joint reserved. The width of the support block (6) is greater than the width of the expansion joint.

2. The cold insulation device for a tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh frame (1) is also connected to a wire (5), which is connected to the diagonal of the mesh.

3. A method for installing a cold insulation device for a tower, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; Step 1: Fixing the cold insulation layer (2), connecting the cold insulation material to the tower equipment, and pasting and sealing the cold insulation material into an integral cold insulation layer (2), sealing the joints of the cold insulation material with sealant, the cold insulation material is diene or nitrile rubber, and the outside of the cold insulation layer (2) is also tied with soft strapping. Step 2, Mesh skeleton (1) Processing: Weld flat steel into a ring shape with the wide side of the flat steel facing the center, i.e., welded into a ring-shaped horizontal flat steel (1-1). Weld the wide side of the vertical flat steel (1-2) on the outer side of the ring-shaped horizontal flat steel (1-1) to form a cylindrical mesh skeleton. The bottom end of the vertical flat steel (1-2) is reserved as a support leg (3). The top of the vertical flat steel (1-2) is welded into a watermelon rind-like mesh skeleton for finishing. Iron wire (5) is also welded on the diagonal of each mesh. Step 3: Hoisting the grid frame (1) to the outside of the equipment, covering the equipment and the cold insulation layer (2), and the diameter of the grid frame (1) is larger than the diameter of the cold insulation layer (2), and an expansion joint is reserved between the grid frame (1) and the cold insulation layer (2); Step 4: Fixing the support blocks (6) Several support blocks (6) are connected to the inside of each annular transverse flat steel (1-1), wherein the width of the support block (6) is greater than the width of the expansion joint, and the support block (6) is made of elastic rubber material; Step 5: Fix the outer protective layer (4). Using blind rivets from bottom to top, the outer protective layer (4) is riveted to the flat steel of the grid frame (1) without damaging the cold insulation layer (2), and the legs (3) are firmly connected to the equipment foundation.

4. The method for installing a cold insulation device for a tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the grid skeleton (1), the diameter of the circle formed by the annular transverse flat steel (1-1) is the sum of the diameter of the cold insulation layer (2) and twice the width of the expansion joint.

5. The method for installing a cold insulation device for a tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer protective layer (4) is made of the same material as the mesh skeleton (1).

6. The method for installing a cold insulation device for a tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: If there are protruding parts on the equipment, a notch is reserved on the ring-shaped transverse flat steel (1-1). The equipment is hoisted along the notch, and the notch is welded after the grid frame is hoisted.

7. The method for installing a cold insulation device for a tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer protective layer (4) is formed by overlapping several outer protective layer thin plates and vertically binding the protective layer thin plates.

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