Hot-wall ignition gas generator and method of implementing the same

Abstract

The application provides a hot-wall ignition gas generator implementation method, and the gas generator comprises an electromagnetic valve, an injector, an ignition section and a hot-wall section; the hot-wall ignition gas generator is implemented through the following steps: the ignition control time sequence of the hot-wall ignition gas generator is divided into a steady state period and a pulse period; in the steady state period, the electromagnetic valve and the igniter are both powered on, and the gas generator is ignited by the igniter; in the pulse period, the electromagnetic valve is opened according to the pulse width time, the igniter is powered off throughout the process, and the gas generator is ignited by the heat effect of the hot-wall section. The hot-wall ignition gas generator implementation method provided by the application adopts a new ignition mode combining the ignition of the igniter and the hot-wall ignition, compared with the conventional gas generator using only the ignition of the igniter, can significantly improve the ignition reliability, reduce the dependence on the igniter, and at the same time, reduce the use loss of the igniter, prolong the service life of the igniter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace engine combustion chamber design, specifically to a hot-wall ignition gas generator and its implementation method. Background Technology

[0002] Ignition is currently the most widely used ignition method in the aerospace engine field. For example, the ignition spark emits an electric spark to ignite the well-atomized air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, thus starting the engine. However, the ignition unit is a prone-to-failure component; statistics show that two-thirds of aero-engine ignition failures are caused by ignition unit malfunctions. If the ignition unit fails, it must be disassembled and replaced, affecting aircraft flight operations, increasing aircraft maintenance costs, and severely hindering the development of the aviation industry. Therefore, the current context places higher demands on aero-engine ignition technology. How to improve engine ignition reliability, reduce engine dependence on the ignition unit, and extend the ignition unit's service life has become an urgent engineering challenge.

[0003] Patent document CN115653786A (application number: 202211416571.4) discloses a gas-liquid nitrous oxide kerosene dual-component low-thrust rocket engine, including an igniter, an injector, and a combustion chamber. The igniter is an electric igniter, installed at the center of the injector. After installation, the ignition nozzle of the igniter extends 1.5mm-3mm beyond the injector plane. The injector is installed at one end of the combustion chamber via a flange. An injector baffle is installed inside the injector. Twelve sets of DC-hole coaxial shear gas-liquid nozzles are installed inside the injector. An adjustable water-cooling jacket assembly is provided on the outer shell of the combustion chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator.

[0005] According to the present invention, a hot-wall ignition gas generator is provided, the gas generator comprising: a solenoid valve 1, an injector 2, an ignition section 3, and a hot-wall section 4.

[0006] The solenoid valve 1 is installed upstream of the injector 2, and the injector 2 is connected to the ignition section 3; the ignition section 3 is connected to the hot wall section 4.

[0007] Preferably, the solenoid valve 1 includes an air solenoid valve 11 and a fuel solenoid valve 12, which are used to control the entry of air and fuel into the injector 2, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the injector 2 includes a fuel nozzle 21 and an air vortex 22; the fuel nozzle 21 is used to inject and atomize fuel; the air vortex 22 is used to inject and rotate air.

[0009] Preferably, the ignition section 3 includes an igniter 31 for igniting during the steady-state operation period of the gas generator.

[0010] Preferably, the hot wall section 4 is used to ignite the gas generator using its own thermal effect during the pulse operation period.

[0011] Preferably, the hot wall section 4 is constricted, and the angle α between the wall surface of the hot wall section 4 and the central axis of the gas generator is 10~80°.

[0012] According to a method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator provided by the present invention, the following steps are implemented based on the hot-wall ignition gas generator described above:

[0013] The ignition control timing of the hot-wall ignition gas generator is divided into a steady-state period of 0~T0 and a pulse period of T0~Ti+ΔTi;

[0014] During the steady-state period, both solenoid valve 1 and igniter 31 are energized and opened;

[0015] During the pulse period, solenoid valve 1 opens according to the pulse width time △Ti, and igniter 31 is de-energized and closed throughout the entire process.

[0016] Preferably, during the steady-state period: air enters the injector 2 through the air solenoid valve 11, fuel enters the injector 2 through the fuel solenoid valve 12, fuel is atomized and injected into the ignition section 3 through the fuel nozzle 21, air flows into the ignition section 3 through the air vortex 22, promoting fuel atomization to form fuel mist, and forming a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber, the igniter 31 emits an electric spark to ignite the fuel mist, and the ignition area is located at the ignition end of the igniter 31; by the end of the steady-state period, the hot wall section 4 has been heated to a higher temperature.

[0017] Preferably, during the pulse period: the solenoid valve 1 opens within the pulse width time ΔTi, air enters the injector 2 through the air solenoid valve 11, fuel enters the injector 2 through the fuel solenoid valve 12, the fuel is atomized and injected into the combustion chamber through the fuel nozzle 21, and the air flows into the combustion chamber through the air vortex 22, promoting fuel atomization to form oil mist and forming a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber. The oil mist is sprayed onto the inner surface of the hot wall section 4, and the high temperature thermal effect of the hot wall section 4 directly ignites the oil mist. The ignition zone is located on the wall surface of the hot wall section 4. The solenoid valve 1 closes within the pulse interval time (Ti-T0), no fuel or air enters the combustion chamber, and the gas generator does not work. The igniter 31 is closed throughout the entire process.

[0018] Preferably, by adjusting the duration of the ignition control sequence T0, Ti, and ΔTi, the hot wall section (4) is kept at a high temperature during the pulse period (T0~Ti+ΔTi), which enables the gas generator to reliably ignite the hot wall under various pulse working modes without the need for the igniter 31 to be turned on for a long time throughout the process.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention provides a method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator, which adopts a novel ignition method combining igniter ignition and hot-wall ignition. Compared with conventional gas generators that only use igniter ignition, it can improve ignition reliability and reduce dependence on igniter.

[0021] 2. This invention can reduce the usage time of the igniter by the gas generator, reduce igniter wear, and extend the igniter's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hot-wall ignition gas generator structure is provided for this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the ignition control timing of a hot-wall ignition gas generator implementation method.

[0025] Among them, 1-Solenoid valve, 2-Injector, 3-Ignition section, 4-Hot wall section, 11-Air solenoid valve, 12-Fuel solenoid valve, 21-Fuel nozzle, 22-Air swirler, 31-Ignition device. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example

[0028] According to the present invention, a method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the gas generator includes: a solenoid valve 1, an injector 2, an ignition section 3, and a hot wall section 4;

[0029] The solenoid valve 1 is installed upstream of the injector 2 to control the entry of air and fuel into the injector 2;

[0030] The solenoid valve 1 includes an air solenoid valve 11 and a fuel solenoid valve 12, which are used to control the entry of air and fuel into the injector 2, respectively.

[0031] The injector 2 includes a fuel nozzle 21 and an air swirl device 22. The fuel nozzle 21 is used to inject and atomize fuel, and the air swirl device 22 is used to inject and rotate air to promote fuel atomization and form a fuel mist, and to form a low-speed recirculation zone in the combustion chamber that is conducive to ignition.

[0032] The ignition section 3 is equipped with an igniter 31, which ignites the gas generator during the steady-state operation period of the gas generator.

[0033] The hot wall section 4 is located downstream of the ignition section 3, and is easily heated to maintain a high temperature. It uses its own thermal effect to ignite the gas generator during the pulse operation period.

[0034] The hot wall section is constricted, and the angle α between the wall surface and the central axis of the gas generator is 10~80°.

[0035] According to a method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator provided by the present invention, the following steps are implemented based on the hot-wall ignition gas generator:

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the ignition control timing is divided into a steady-state period (0~T0) and a pulse period (T0~Ti+△Ti); a high level indicates that the solenoid valve is open and the igniter 31 is open; a low level indicates that the solenoid valve is closed and the igniter 31 is closed; T0 is the end time of steady-state operation; Ti is the start time of the i-th pulse operation (i=1,2,…); △Ti is the duration of the i-th pulse operation.

[0037] 1) During the steady-state period (0~T0), both solenoid valve 1 and igniter 31 are open. Air enters injector 2 through air solenoid valve 11, and fuel enters injector 2 through fuel solenoid valve 12. Fuel is atomized and injected into ignition section 3 through fuel nozzle 21. Air flows into ignition section 3 through air swirl device 22, promoting fuel atomization to form fuel mist and forming a backflow zone in the combustion chamber, which is beneficial for stabilizing the flame. Igniter 31 emits an electric spark to ignite the fuel mist, and the ignition area is located at the ignition end of igniter 31. Since the hot wall section 4 is constricted, the combustion chamber flame can easily heat the hot wall section 4, so that by the end of the steady-state period (0~T0), the hot wall section 4 has been heated to a high temperature.

[0038] 2) During the pulse period: The solenoid valve opens during the high-level pulse width time ΔTi, and air enters the injector 2 through the air solenoid valve 11. Fuel enters the injector through the fuel solenoid valve 12. The fuel is atomized and injected into the combustion chamber through the fuel nozzle 21. Air flows into the combustion chamber through the air swirl diffuser 22, promoting fuel atomization and forming oil mist. The oil mist is sprayed onto the inner surface of the hot wall section 4 and directly ignites the oil mist using the high-temperature thermal effect of the hot wall section 4. The ignition zone is located on the wall surface of the hot wall section 4. The solenoid valve closes during the low-level pulse interval time (Ti-T0), and no fuel or air enters the combustion chamber. The gas generator does not work. The igniter 31 is closed throughout the entire process.

[0039] 3) By reasonably adjusting the ignition control timing T0, Ti, and ΔTi duration, the hot wall section 4 can be kept at a high temperature during the pulse period (T0~Ti+ΔTi), thus enabling reliable hot wall ignition of the gas generator under various pulse working modes without the need for the igniter 31 to be turned on for an extended period of time.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0041] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator, characterized in that, The following steps are achieved using a hot-wall ignition gas generator: The ignition control timing of the hot-wall ignition gas generator is divided into a steady-state period of 0~T0 and a pulse period of T0~Ti+ΔTi; During the steady-state period, both the solenoid valve (1) and the igniter (31) are energized and opened; During the pulse period, the solenoid valve (1) opens according to the pulse width time △Ti, and the igniter (31) is de-energized and closed throughout the entire process; During the steady-state period 0~T0: air enters the injector (2) through the air solenoid valve (11), fuel enters the injector (2) through the fuel solenoid valve (12), fuel is atomized and injected into the ignition section (3) through the fuel nozzle (21), air flows into the ignition section (3) through the air vortex (22), promotes fuel atomization to form fuel mist, and forms a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber. The igniter (31) is on throughout the process, and emits an electric spark to ignite the fuel mist. The ignition area is located at the ignition end of the igniter (31). By the end of the steady-state period at T0, the hot wall section (4) has been heated to a higher temperature. During the pulse period T0~Ti+△Ti: the solenoid valve (1) opens during the pulse width time △Ti, air enters the injector (2) through the air solenoid valve (11), fuel enters the injector (2) through the fuel solenoid valve (12), fuel is atomized and injected into the combustion chamber through the fuel nozzle (21), air flows into the combustion chamber through the air vortex (22) to promote fuel atomization and form oil mist, and a return zone is formed in the combustion chamber. The oil mist is sprayed onto the inner surface of the hot wall section (4), and the high temperature thermal effect of the hot wall section (4) directly ignites the oil mist. The ignition zone is located on the wall surface of the hot wall section (4); the solenoid valve (1) closes during the pulse interval time (Ti-T0), no fuel or air enters the combustion chamber, and the gas generator does not work; the igniter (31) is closed throughout the entire process; The hot-wall ignition gas generator includes: a solenoid valve (1), an injector (2), an ignition section (3), and a hot-wall section (4); The solenoid valve (1) is installed upstream of the injector (2), and the injector (2) is connected to the ignition section (3); the ignition section (3) is connected to the hot wall section (4).

2. The method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solenoid valve (1) includes an air solenoid valve (11) and a fuel solenoid valve (12), which are used to control the air and fuel entering the injector (2), respectively.

3. The method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injector (2) includes a fuel nozzle (21) and an air vortex (22); the fuel nozzle (21) is used to inject and atomize fuel; the air vortex (22) is used to inject and rotate air.

4. The method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ignition section (3) includes an igniter (31) for igniting during the steady-state operation of the gas generator.

5. The method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot wall section (4) is used to ignite the gas generator by utilizing its own thermal effect during the pulse working period.

6. The method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot wall section (4) is constricted, and the wall surface of the hot wall section (4) forms an angle α = 10~80° with the central axis of the gas generator.

7. The method for implementing a hot-wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, By adjusting the ignition control timing T0, Ti, and ΔTi duration, the hot wall section (4) is kept at a high temperature during the pulse period (T0~Ti+ΔTi), enabling the gas generator to achieve hot wall ignition under various pulse working modes without the need for the igniter (31) to be turned on for an extended period.

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