Method, system, equipment and medium for measuring the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, system, device and medium for determining the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere. The method comprises: obtaining a set of measured Stokes parameters of observation geometry data, atmospheric data and a flare area of ​​a remote sensing image under observation conditions; determining a set of polarization angles based on the measured Stokes parameter set and the atmospheric data; subtracting the observed azimuth angle from the solar azimuth angle to obtain a relative azimuth angle, and linearly fitting the relative azimuth angle and the set of polarization angles to obtain a magnetic rotation angle value; and determining the Verdet constant based on the atmospheric data, the observed zenith angle and the magnetic rotation angle value. The method for determining the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere provided by the present invention can, based on a formula based on the Faraday effect principle, deduce the Verdet constant on an actual atmospheric path according to the total magnetic field intensity of the atmosphere, the effective length of polarized light in the atmosphere and the magnetic rotation angle value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical remote sensing application technology, and in particular to a method, system, equipment and medium for measuring the Verdet constant of the earth's atmosphere. Background Art

[0002] The Verdet constant is a characteristic constant of matter that describes the strength of the Faraday effect for a particular material. The Faraday effect, also known as the magneto-optical effect, is a magneto-optical effect in which polarized light is deflected when it passes through a transmission medium subjected to an applied magnetic field. The magnitude of this rotation angle is related to the transmission distance, the strength of the magnetic field, and the Verdet constant of the transmission medium (also known as the optical rotation constant). This phenomenon was first discovered by Michael Faraday in 1845 and named after it. The Verdet constant of most non-magnetic materials is very small and is a function of wavelength. Air and water vapor are typical non-magnetic materials. Therefore, laboratory measurements of their Verdet constants require the design of precise detectors to determine the optical rotation angle while simultaneously increasing the magnetic field strength within the transmission medium.

[0003] In a related measurement experiment conducted abroad, researchers applied a 210 gauss field strength to a 0.6-meter air cavity. Using phase difference measurements, they determined that the Verdet constant for laboratory air varies with wavelength, ranging from approximately 2.0e-6 min / G / cm to 1.6e-5 min / G / cm. This experiment assumed that air is a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 0.7809:0.2095. However, the real atmosphere contains numerous aerosol particles and absorbing gases, whose complex distribution patterns affect the overall atmospheric Verdet constant. Currently, no method has been developed to measure the atmospheric Verdet constant in the solar reflection band (0.4 μm to 2.5 μm). Furthermore, prior to 2007, Chinese researchers published theoretical research demonstrating the use of magneto-optical rotatory effects to measure the Earth's magnetic field. They estimated that the rotation angle of 490 nm blue light in a sun-synchronous orbit is approximately 1.7°. The relevant ideas of this study have given us inspiration to use polarization optical remote sensors to detect the actual atmospheric Verdet constant, but the study did not propose a specific process for data extraction and use based on polarization payload data.

[0004] From the above, we can see that the Verdet constant of air has been measured in the laboratory and determined to be a tiny parameter, but there is no suitable measurement method for the Verdet constant in the actual atmosphere in the range of 0.4um to 2.5um. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, system, equipment and medium for measuring the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that "the Verdet constant of air has been measured and determined to be a tiny parameter in the laboratory, but there is no suitable measurement method for the Verdet constant in the actual atmosphere in the range of 0.4um to 2.5um."

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a method for measuring the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtaining observation geometry data, atmospheric data, and a set of measured Stokes parameters of the flare region of the remote sensing image under observation conditions, wherein the observation geometry data includes an observation azimuth, a solar azimuth, and an observation zenith angle, and the observation conditions satisfy that an observation angle of the polarization remote sensor is within a preset error interval of the observation principal plane;

[0008] Determining a polarization angle set based on the measured Stokes parameter set and the atmospheric data;

[0009] Subtracting the observed azimuth from the solar azimuth to obtain a relative azimuth, and performing linear fitting on the relative azimuth and the polarization angle set to obtain a magnetic rotation angle value;

[0010] The Verdet constant is determined according to the atmospheric data, the observation zenith angle, and the magnetic rotation angle value.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing linear fitting on the relative azimuth angle and the polarization angle set to obtain the magnetic rotation angle value includes:

[0012] Generate a fitted linear function using the relative azimuth angle as an independent variable and the polarization angle set as a dependent variable;

[0013] The dependent variable value when the independent variable is 180 degrees is calculated according to the fitted linear function as the magnetic optical rotation angle value.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining a set of measured Stokes parameters of the glare area of ​​the observation geometry data, atmospheric data, and remote sensing images under observation conditions includes:

[0015] Obtain observation geometry data, atmospheric data, remote sensing images and geolocation data under observation conditions;

[0016] removing cloud-contaminated pixels from the remote sensing image using a scene radiation analysis method and a polarization change characteristic analysis method;

[0017] Based on the remote sensing image after cloud contaminated pixels are removed, the glare area of ​​the remote sensing image and the set of measured Stokes parameters of the glare area are determined according to the observation geometry data and the geographic positioning data.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the atmospheric data includes aerosol optical depth and aerosol distribution profile, and the step of determining the polarization angle set based on the measured Stokes parameter set and the atmospheric data includes:

[0019] Based on the vector radiation transfer algorithm, a set of non-magnetic Stokes parameters of the flare area is calculated according to the atmospheric data;

[0020] Calculating the difference between the measured Stokes parameter set and the non-magneto-optical Stokes parameter set as a corrected polarization radiation parameter set;

[0021] The polarization angle of each measuring point is calculated according to the polarized radiation parameter set to obtain a polarization angle set:

[0022]

[0023] Wherein, AOLP is the polarization angle, U is the intensity difference of the linear polarized light of the polarized light in the two diagonal directions, Q is the intensity difference of the linear polarized light of the polarized light in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and jj is the serial number of the measuring point.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the atmospheric data includes atmospheric thickness and atmospheric total magnetic field intensity, and the step of determining the Verdet constant based on the atmospheric data, the observed zenith angle, and the magnetic rotation angle value includes:

[0025] Determining the effective length of polarized light in the atmosphere according to the thickness of the atmosphere and the observation zenith angle;

[0026] The Verdet constant is determined according to the action length, the total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere, and the magnetic rotation angle value.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the action length is calculated according to the following formula:

[0028] L=H*cosθ VIEW

[0029] Where H is the thickness of the atmosphere, θ VIEW is the observation zenith angle, and L is the action length. In one embodiment of the present invention, the Verdet constant is calculated according to the following formula:

[0030] V=φ MOFE / (B×L)

[0031] Where B is the total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere, L is the action length, φ MOFE is the magnetic rotation angle value, and V is the Verdet constant.

[0032] The present application also provides a system for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant, the system comprising:

[0033] a data acquisition module, configured to acquire observation geometry data, atmospheric data, and a set of measured Stokes parameters of the flare region of the remote sensing image under observation conditions, wherein the observation geometry data includes the observation azimuth, the solar azimuth, and the observation zenith angle, and the observation conditions satisfy that the observation angle of the polarization remote sensor is within a preset error interval of the observation principal plane;

[0034] a polarization angle calculation module, configured to determine a polarization angle set based on the measured Stokes parameter set and the atmospheric data;

[0035] a magnetic rotation angle calculation module, configured to obtain a relative azimuth angle by subtracting the observed azimuth angle from the solar azimuth angle, and obtain a magnetic rotation angle value by performing a linear fit on the relative azimuth angle and the polarization angle set;

[0036] The Verdet constant calculation module is used to determine the Verdet constant according to the atmospheric data, the observation zenith angle and the magnetic rotation angle value.

[0037] The present application also provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0038] one or more processors;

[0039] A storage device for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors, enables the electronic device to implement the method for determining the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere as claimed in any one of the above claims.

[0040] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor of a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method for determining the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere as claimed in any one of the above claims.

[0041] As described above, the present invention's method, system, device, and medium for determining the Earth's atmospheric Verdet constant have the following beneficial effects: Using an on-orbit polarization remote sensor, under observation conditions, the present invention uses strongly linearly polarized light from flare as a detection target. This application combines observational geometry data, atmospheric data, and a set of measured Stokes parameters to derive the magnetic rotation angle. Based on the Faraday effect principle formula, the Verdet constant along the actual atmospheric path is inferred from the total magnetic field intensity, the length of polarized light's action in the atmosphere, and the magnetic rotation angle. This application provides an experimental basis for further understanding the optical behavior of gas molecules in electromagnetic fields and aids in exploring magneto-optical effects and quantum electrodynamics phenomena in dilute environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for determining the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a system for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. The details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other unless they conflict.

[0047] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the illustrations only show components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape, and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity, and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complex.

[0048] In the following description, numerous details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring the embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] The present invention provides a method for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step S100: Obtaining observation geometry data, atmospheric data, and a set of measured Stokes parameters of the flare region of the remote sensing image under observation conditions, wherein the observation geometry data includes the observation azimuth, the solar azimuth, and the observation zenith angle, and the observation conditions satisfy that the observation angle of the polarization remote sensor is within a preset error range of the observation principal plane;

[0051] Step S200: determining a polarization angle set based on a measured Stokes parameter set and atmospheric data;

[0052] Step S300: Subtracting the observed azimuth angle from the solar azimuth angle to obtain the relative azimuth angle, and performing a linear fit on the relative azimuth angle and the polarization angle set to obtain the magnetic rotation angle value;

[0053] Step S400: Determine the Verdet constant according to atmospheric data, the observed zenith angle, and the magnetic rotation angle value.

[0054] In step S100, a set of measured Stokes parameters of the observation geometry data, atmospheric data and flare area of ​​the remote sensing image under observation conditions is obtained, wherein the observation geometry data includes the observation azimuth angle, the solar azimuth angle and the observation zenith angle, and the observation conditions satisfy that the observation angle of the polarization remote sensor is within a preset error range of the observation main plane.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, a polarization remote sensor is used to obtain observation geometry data, atmospheric data, and a set of measured Stokes parameters of the glare area of ​​a remote sensing image under observation conditions. The polarization remote sensor is an on-orbit remote sensing instrument with band polarization detection capability.

[0056] In the embodiments of this application, the principal observation plane refers to the incident and observation plane formed when the observation azimuth angle and the solar azimuth angle form a 180° angle. For example, the preset error range refers to the range of -(2° to 5°) to +(2° to 5°) of the principal observation plane. Those skilled in the art may also set other appropriate error ranges based on actual conditions.

[0057] When the relative azimuth angle is 180°, the atmospheric effect on the polarization angle is zero. However, it is difficult to obtain data exactly equal to 180° in practice. Therefore, the calculation is based on measured data at observation angles close to 180°. These data can be considered to have received minimal atmospheric interference, but the atmospheric effect still needs to be deducted in subsequent steps.

[0058] Specifically, the steps of obtaining the set of measured Stokes parameters of the glare area of ​​the observation geometry data, atmospheric data and remote sensing images under observation conditions include:

[0059] Step S110: Acquire observation geometry data, atmospheric data, remote sensing images, and geographic positioning data under observation conditions;

[0060] Step S120: removing cloud-contaminated pixels from the remote sensing image using scene radiation analysis and polarization variation characteristic analysis.

[0061] Step S130: Based on the remote sensing image after removing cloud-contaminated pixels, determine the glare area of ​​the remote sensing image and the set of measured Stokes parameters of the glare area according to the observation geometry data and the geographic positioning data.

[0062] In step S110, the observation geometry data describes the geometric relationship between the observer (polarization remote sensor) and the observation target point, which is used to accurately describe the observation angle and the propagation path of light. The geolocation data describes the geographical location information of the observer (polarization remote sensor) and the observation target point, which is used to determine the precise position of the polarization remote sensor and the observation target point for spatial analysis and data correction.

[0063] In step S120, the scene radiation analysis method and the polarization change characteristic analysis method are used to remove cloud-contaminated pixels in the remote sensing image to improve the quality of the remote sensing image and the accuracy of subsequent analysis. The scene radiation analysis method and the polarization change characteristic analysis method are common analysis methods in this field, so they are not described in detail.

[0064] In step S130, the strong linear polarized light of the sea surface glare is mainly used as the detection target. The light in the glare area often has strong polarization characteristics. This strong polarization effect is conducive to the detection and analysis of physical processes in the atmosphere. The measured Stokes parameter set is expressed as: The Stokes parameters are used to reflect the polarization characteristics of light. I describes the total intensity or total irradiance of light, Q describes the intensity difference between linearly polarized light in the horizontal direction (relative to the reference axis) and the vertical direction, and U describes the intensity difference between linearly polarized light in the two diagonal directions (i.e., the directions of +45° and -45° relative to the reference axis).

[0065] In step S200, a set of polarization angles is determined based on a set of measured Stokes parameters and atmospheric data.

[0066] Specifically, the atmospheric data includes aerosol optical depth and aerosol distribution profile. The steps of determining the polarization angle set based on the measured Stokes parameter set and the atmospheric data include:

[0067] Step S210: Calculating the non-magnetic Stokes parameter set of the glare area based on the atmospheric data based on the forward vector radiation transfer algorithm;

[0068] Step S220: Calculate the difference between the measured Stokes parameter set and the non-magneto-optical Stokes parameter set as the corrected polarization radiation parameter set;

[0069] Step S230: Calculate the polarization angle of each measuring point according to the polarized radiation parameter set to obtain a polarization angle set:

[0070]

[0071] Where AOLP is the polarization angle, U is the intensity difference between the linear polarization light of the polarized light in the two diagonal directions, Q is the intensity difference between the linear polarization light of the polarized light in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and jj is the serial number of the measurement point.

[0072] For example, the atmospheric data includes aerosol optical depth and aerosol distribution profile. In some embodiments, the atmospheric data may also include water vapor content, ozone content, etc.

[0073] In step S210, the magneto-optical Stokes parameter set reflects the natural polarization state of light in the atmosphere, excluding the influence of magneto-optical rotation effect. The magneto-optical Stokes parameter set is expressed as The vector radiation transfer algorithm is a common algorithm in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0074] For example, a vector radiative transfer algorithm can be used to calculate the Stokes parameters at the top of the atmosphere in the absence of magneto-optical effects, for observation angles adjacent to the principal plane of observation, in the corresponding spectral channel. The spectral channel corresponds to the wavelength of the optical radiation detected by the polarization remote sensor, acquired through a narrowband filter. The data typically used in the embodiments of this application typically has three channels: the 490-wavelength band, the 670-wavelength band, and the 865-wavelength band.

[0075] In step S220, the difference between the measured Stokes parameter set and the non-magneto-optical Stokes parameter set is calculated, which is expressed as: The corrected polarization radiation parameter set can extract the influence of the magneto-optical effect on the polarization state of light by removing the natural polarization effect. That is, the corrected polarization radiation parameter set eliminates the interference of the natural polarization of the atmosphere.

[0076] In step S230, specifically, the polarization angle is calculated. The above formula is a common formula in this field, so the details are not repeated here.

[0077] In step S300, the relative azimuth angle is obtained by subtracting the observed azimuth angle from the solar azimuth angle, and the relative azimuth angle and the polarization angle set are linearly fitted to obtain the magnetic rotation angle value.

[0078] Specifically, the step of performing linear fitting on the relative azimuth angle and polarization angle set to obtain the magnetic rotation angle value includes:

[0079] Step S310, generating a fitted linear function using the relative azimuth angle as an independent variable and the polarization angle set as a dependent variable;

[0080] Step S320 , calculating the dependent variable value when the independent variable is 180 degrees according to the fitted linear function as the magnetic optical rotation angle value.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, first, the polarization angle set is set as the variable set Y, and the observed relative azimuth angle corresponding to the polarization angle set is taken as the independent variable set in and are the solar azimuth and the observation azimuth, respectively. Then, the least squares method is used to fit the linear function Y = aX + b to obtain the fitting coefficients a and b. Finally, the dependent variable value when the independent variable is 180 degrees is calculated based on the fitted linear function, as the magnetic rotation angle value, expressed as φ MOFE .

[0082] The relative azimuth angle is used as an independent variable set in order to form a characteristic space near the main observation plane. In this characteristic space, the atmosphere will not interfere with polarization only at points with a theoretical relative azimuth angle of 180°. However, it is difficult to obtain data with a relative azimuth angle of 180° in measured data. Usually, measured points near 180° are interpolated to generate data close to the theoretical value.

[0083] In step S400, the Verdet constant is determined according to atmospheric data, the observation zenith angle, and the magnetic rotation angle value.

[0084] Specifically, the atmospheric data includes the thickness of the atmosphere and the total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere. The steps of determining the Verdet constant based on the atmospheric data, the observed zenith angle, and the magnetic rotation angle value include:

[0085] Step S410: determining the effective length of polarized light in the atmosphere according to the thickness of the atmosphere and the observation zenith angle.

[0086] Step S420: Determine the Verdet constant according to the action length, the total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere, and the magnetic rotation angle value.

[0087] In step S410, the effective length of polarized light in the atmosphere refers to the effective distance that polarized light propagates in the atmosphere. The effective length is calculated according to the following formula:

[0088] L=H*cosθ VIEW

[0089] Where H is the thickness of the atmosphere, θ VIEW is the observation zenith angle, and L is the effective length.

[0090] In step S420, the Verdet constant is calculated according to the following formula:

[0091] V=φ MOFE / (B×L)

[0092] Where B is the total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere, L is the effective length, φ MOFE is the magnetic rotation angle value, and V is the Verdet constant.

[0093] For example, the total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere is calculated as follows: According to the International Geomagnetic Reference Model (IGRF), the atmosphere is divided into n layers. The magnetic field strength in each layer i is considered to be a fixed value, and then the total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere is obtained by superposition. The total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere is expressed as: The International Geomagnetic Reference Model (IGRF) is a common model in this field, so its details will not be described in detail.

[0094] The following describes a practical process and example of data cleaning and calculation using existing remote sensor data. The existing remote sensor can be the third-generation French Polarization Reflectometer (PARASOL). The payload's available data ranges from 2005 to 2006, and the atmospheric polarization radiance data collected by the payload is stored in H5 format.

[0095] Step S1: Get the latitude dataset from the Gelocation tag of the above data and set it as set F lat (rol,col), get the longitude dataset and set it as dataset F lon (rol,col); Get the land and sea flag dataset (land_sea_flag), set it to D sl (rol,col).

[0096] Step S2: Get the cloud pixel marker dataset (cloud_indicator) from the Data_Fields tag of the above data, set as D cloud (rol,col).

[0097] Step S3: Get the I, Q, and U data sets of the polarization bands from the Data_Direction_Fields tag of the above data (corresponding to I490P, Q490P, U490P, I670P, Q670P, U670P, I870P, Q870P, and U870P, respectively), and set up three sets for each polarization spectrum band for storage: NI k (angle,rol,col), NQ k (angle,rol,col), NU k (angle,rol,col), where the subscript k represents the spectral band, angle represents the angle layer, and rol and col represent the corresponding grid row and column numbers.

[0098] Step S4: Get the solar zenith angle dataset (thetas), observation zenith angle dataset (thetav), and relative azimuth angle dataset (phi) from the Data_Direction_Fields tag, and set the datasets for storage.

[0099] Step S5: Set up a small matrix set:

[0100]

[0101] Where tonum is the total number of small matrices, and the internal elements represent the data variables after traversing the angle and sequence number.

[0102] Step S6: Loop through the small matrix data set. The loop structure and inner loop steps are as follows:

[0103] Step S6.1: The outermost loop is the small matrix sequence number i, and the measurement point data storage set is preset inside the outermost loop. These data are the measurement point data sets obtained in each small matrix.

[0104] Step S6.2: For the currently traversed small matrix i, set up a double loop starting from the row and column number, and select the cloud judgment data small matrix D cloud and surface land and sea signs D sl The value of is used as the criterion. When it is marked as ocean and the cloud judgment data is clean, it is preliminarily considered that the measurement data point meets the requirements, and then the next step of angle cycle is carried out.

[0105] Step S6.3, in the angle loop, set anglenum as the current angle number, and obtain the current observation angle according to anglenum, the small matrix row and column numbers sm, sn. When the observed relative azimuth satisfies When the row and column numbers and angle numbers are stored in the measurement point data set Vresult , otherwise return to step 6.2.

[0106] Step S6.4: After all elements of the small matrix with sequence number i have been traversed, set i+1 and return to step 6.2 to start traversing the next small matrix.

[0107] Step S6.5: When i=totnum, stop traversal. result Contains all measurement point data sets, V result The elements in are all one-dimensional lists of equal length:

[0108]

[0109] Step S6.6: After obtaining the measurement point data set according to step 6.5, Extract and get the polarization component data list, assuming that jj is the data number NQ of each measurement point k , NU k The measured value of the component.

[0110] Step S7: While calculating the polarization angle parameter, extract the longitude and latitude information of the corresponding serial number, and search for atmospheric data (such as aerosol optical depth, water vapor content, ozone content, etc.) at the longitude and latitude of the target.

[0111] Step S8: Extract the geometric observation data according to the data sequence number jj of each scene, and then perform radiation transfer calculation to obtain the composite NQ of the atmosphere and sea surface. katm (jj), NU katm (jj) Component contribution.

[0112] Step S9: After deducting the contribution of the atmospheric and surface polarization components from the measured value, the remaining value is considered to be the component of the magnetic field rotation effect:

[0113] NQ kmag (jj)=NQ k (jj)-NQ katm (jj)

[0114] NU kmag (jj)=NU k (jj)-NU katm (jj)

[0115] Step S10: Calculate the magneto-polarization rotation angle according to the polarization angle calculation formula:

[0116]

[0117] Step S11: Calculate the magnetic field strength B according to the longitude and latitude and the measurement time point.

[0118] Step S12: Calculate the transmission path L according to the observation zenith angle and the atmospheric height (atmospheric thickness) (set as 100 km).

[0119] Step S13: Calculate the atmospheric Verdet constant V according to steps S10 to S12.

[0120] The present application also provides a system for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant, the system comprising:

[0121] a data acquisition module for acquiring observation geometry data, atmospheric data, and a set of measured Stokes parameters of the flare region of the remote sensing image under observation conditions, wherein the observation geometry data includes the observation azimuth, the solar azimuth, and the observation zenith angle, and the observation conditions satisfy that the observation angle of the polarization remote sensor is within a preset error interval of the observation principal plane;

[0122] Polarization angle calculation module, used to determine the polarization angle set based on the measured Stokes parameter set and atmospheric data;

[0123] The magnetic rotation angle calculation module is used to obtain the relative azimuth angle by subtracting the observed azimuth angle from the solar azimuth angle, and to obtain the magnetic rotation angle value by linearly fitting the relative azimuth angle and the polarization angle set;

[0124] The Verdet constant calculation module is used to determine the Verdet constant based on atmospheric data, observation zenith angle and magnetic rotation angle values.

[0125] The electronic device 1 may include a memory 12 , a processor 13 and a bus, and may further include a computer program stored in the memory 12 and executable on the processor 13 , such as a program for determining the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere.

[0126] Among them, the memory 12 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes a flash memory, a mobile hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (for example, SD or DX memory, etc.), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 12 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 1, such as a mobile hard disk of the electronic device 1. In other embodiments, the memory 12 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 1, such as a plug-in mobile hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the electronic device 1. Furthermore, the memory 12 can also include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device 1 and an external storage device. The memory 12 can not only be used to store application software and various types of data installed in the electronic device 1, such as the code for determining the Verdet constant of the earth's atmosphere, but can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0127] In some embodiments, the processor 13 may be composed of an integrated circuit, such as a single packaged integrated circuit or a plurality of packaged integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and a combination of various control chips. The processor 13 is the control core (Control Unit) of the electronic device 1, connecting the various components of the entire electronic device 1 using various interfaces and circuits. It executes or runs programs or modules stored in the memory 12 (such as the determination of the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant) and calls data stored in the memory 12 to perform various functions of the electronic device 1 and process data.

[0128] The processor 13 executes the operating system and various installed applications of the electronic device 1. The processor 13 executes the applications to implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for measuring the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere.

[0129] Exemplarily, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules, which are stored in the memory 12 and executed by the processor 13 to implement the present application. The one or more modules may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which describe the execution process of the computer program in the electronic device 1. For example, the computer program may be divided into a data acquisition module 10, a polarization angle calculation module 20, a magnetic rotation angle calculation module 30, and a Verdet constant calculation module 40.

[0130] The above-mentioned integrated unit implemented in the form of a software function module can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which can be non-volatile or volatile. The above-mentioned software function module is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, computer device, or network device, etc.) or a processor to perform part of the functions of the Verdet constant calculation module method described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0131] Despite the small atmospheric Verdet constant, the magneto-optical effect can still cause a measurable shift in the polarization angle of flare over a path greater than 100 km through the entire atmosphere. However, the actual atmospheric rotation of polarized light is more complex. First, the strength of the Earth's magnetic field varies with location and altitude. Furthermore, while scattering by atmospheric aerosols and molecules in the principal observation plane does not directly affect the polarization angle, it can still alter the transmission path through multiple scattering and indirectly affect the constancy of the polarization angle through depolarization. These effects, under the long-range influence of the weak Earth's magnetic field, require more complex mathematical models to describe. Currently, calculations and corrections can be performed using polarized radiation transmission that ignores the effects of the magnetic field.

[0132] In summary, this application uses an on-orbit polarization remote sensor, targeting the strongly linearly polarized light of flare under observation conditions. The magnetic rotation angle is obtained by combining observational geometry data, atmospheric data, and a set of measured Stokes parameters. Based on the Faraday effect principle, the Verdet constant along the actual atmospheric path is inferred from the total magnetic field intensity, the length of polarized light in the atmosphere, and the magnetic rotation angle. This application provides an experimental basis for further understanding the optical behavior of gas molecules in electromagnetic fields and aids in exploring the magneto-optical effect and quantum electrodynamics phenomena of matter in rarefied environments. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and possesses high industrial value.

[0133] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining a set of measured Stokes parameters of the flare region of the remote sensing image under observation conditions, including observation geometry data, atmospheric data, and observation geometry data, wherein the observation geometry data includes an observation azimuth, a solar azimuth, and an observation zenith angle, and the observation conditions satisfy that the observation angle of the polarization remote sensor is within a preset error interval of an observation principal plane, where the observation principal plane is an incident and observation plane formed when the observation azimuth and the solar azimuth form 180 degrees. Determining a polarization angle set based on the measured Stokes parameter set and the atmospheric data; Subtracting the observed azimuth from the solar azimuth to obtain a relative azimuth, and performing linear fitting on the relative azimuth and the polarization angle set to obtain a magnetic rotation angle value; Determining the Verdet constant based on the atmospheric data, the observation zenith angle, and the magnetic rotation angle value; The step of determining the polarization angle set based on the measured Stokes parameter set and the atmospheric data includes: the atmospheric data includes aerosol optical thickness and aerosol distribution profile, and based on a forward vector radiation transfer algorithm, calculating the magneto-optical Stokes parameter set of the glare area according to the atmospheric data; calculating the difference between the measured Stokes parameter set and the magneto-optical Stokes parameter set as a corrected polarization radiation parameter set; and calculating the polarization angle of each measuring point according to the polarization radiation parameter set to obtain a polarization angle set; The step of linearly fitting the relative azimuth angle and the polarization angle set to obtain the magnetic optical rotation angle value comprises: generating a fitted linear function using the relative azimuth angle as an independent variable and the polarization angle set as a dependent variable; and calculating, according to the fitted linear function, a dependent variable value when the independent variable is 180 degrees as the magnetic optical rotation angle value; The step of determining the Verdet constant based on the atmospheric data, the observed zenith angle, and the magnetic rotation angle value comprises: the atmospheric data includes the thickness of the atmosphere and the total magnetic field intensity of the atmosphere; determining the action length of polarized light in the atmosphere based on the atmospheric thickness and the observed zenith angle; and determining the Verdet constant based on the action length, the total magnetic field intensity of the atmosphere, and the magnetic rotation angle value; the action length L is: , H is the thickness of the atmosphere, is the observation zenith angle; the Verdet constant V is: , B is the total magnetic field strength of the atmosphere, is the magnetic rotation angle value.

2. The method for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant according to claim 1, wherein: The step of obtaining the observed geometric data, atmospheric data and a set of measured Stokes parameters of the glare area of ​​the remote sensing image under the observation conditions comprises: Obtain observation geometry data, atmospheric data, remote sensing images and geolocation data under observation conditions; removing cloud-contaminated pixels from the remote sensing image using a scene radiation analysis method and a polarization change characteristic analysis method; Based on the remote sensing image after cloud contaminated pixels are removed, the glare area of ​​the remote sensing image and the set of measured Stokes parameters of the glare area are determined according to the observation geometry data and the geographic positioning data.

3. The method for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant according to claim 1, wherein: The polarization angle set is: , AOLP is the polarization angle, the plane perpendicular to the observation principal plane is used as the plane of polarization angle rotation, U is the intensity difference of the linear polarized light of the polarized light in the two diagonal directions, Q is the intensity difference of the linear polarized light of the polarized light in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and jj is the serial number of the measuring point.

4. A system for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant, characterized in that: The method for measuring the Earth's atmosphere Verdet constant according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is applied, wherein the system comprises: a data acquisition module, configured to acquire observation geometry data, atmospheric data, and a set of measured Stokes parameters of the flare region of the remote sensing image under observation conditions, wherein the observation geometry data includes the observation azimuth, the solar azimuth, and the observation zenith angle, and the observation conditions satisfy that the observation angle of the polarization remote sensor is within a preset error interval of the observation principal plane; a polarization angle calculation module, configured to determine a polarization angle set based on the measured Stokes parameter set and the atmospheric data; a magnetic rotation angle calculation module, configured to obtain a relative azimuth angle by subtracting the observed azimuth angle from the solar azimuth angle, and obtain a magnetic rotation angle value by performing a linear fit on the relative azimuth angle and the polarization angle set; The Verdet constant calculation module is used to determine the Verdet constant according to the atmospheric data, the observation zenith angle and the magnetic rotation angle value.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: one or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors, enables the electronic device to implement the method for determining the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor of a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method for measuring the Verdet constant of the Earth's atmosphere as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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