Hydrogen energy automobile combined power generation device

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel automobile, and particularly relates to a hydrogen energy automobile combined power generation device, which comprises a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a generator, a high-temperature gas pipeline, a gas flow control valve, a methanol reforming hydrogen generator, a waste gas heat exchange mechanism and a lithium battery assembly. The lithium battery assembly is electrically connected with the generator. The gas inlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline is connected with the exhaust pipeline of the hydrogen internal combustion engine. The high-temperature gas pipeline is connected with the waste gas heat exchange mechanism. The waste gas heat exchange mechanism is provided with the gas flow control valve. The methanol reforming hydrogen generator is sequentially divided into a first preheating chamber, a reforming chamber and a secondary preheating chamber from bottom to top by a heat conduction plate. The waste gas heat exchange mechanism is arranged in the reforming chamber, the first preheating chamber and the secondary preheating chamber respectively. The methanol reforming hydrogen generator can be heated by high-temperature exhaust gas, and the heat generated by the methanol reforming hydrogen generator is used to preheat the methanol gas, so that the energy utilization rate is improved, and the hydrogen fuel automobile's travel distance is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and specifically relates to a hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device. Background Technology

[0002] Globally, new energy product technologies are categorized into three main routes: pure electric, plug-in hybrid, and hydrogen fuel cell. However, each route has its drawbacks, including short driving range, relatively high cost, and significant technical challenges. Methanol, being a relatively safe, economical fuel with abundant reserves and convenient storage and transportation, is gaining increasing international recognition and widespread promotion.

[0003] Currently, the technological structures for products using methanol as fuel include: 1. Integrating a methanol engine with a generator to generate electricity and charge lithium batteries; or directly using a methanol engine for propulsion. However, methanol engines suffer from problems such as difficulty in cold starting, incomplete combustion, low engine power output, and component corrosion; 2. Using methanol to produce hydrogen, which is then used to power hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity and charge lithium batteries. The disadvantages of this structure are the high cost of hydrogen fuel cells and the high purity requirements for hydrogen.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a combined power generation device that utilizes methanol to produce hydrogen from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles has become a problem that needs to be considered by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention discloses a hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device. This invention fully utilizes the hot gas flow discharged from the internal combustion engine to heat the methanol reforming hydrogen generator and recovers and utilizes the heat generated by the methanol reforming hydrogen generator to promote hydrogen production. The produced hydrogen, combined with the vehicle's onboard hydrogen storage tank, can continuously supply hydrogen to the internal combustion engine to generate electricity, thereby increasing the vehicle's range.

[0006] Specifically, this application discloses the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle combined power generation device includes a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a generator, a high-temperature gas pipeline, a gas flow control valve, a methanol reforming hydrogen generator, an exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism, and a lithium battery assembly. The shaft of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is fixedly connected to the shaft of the generator, and the lithium battery assembly is electrically connected to the generator. The inlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline is connected to the exhaust pipe of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and the high-temperature gas pipeline is connected to the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism. A gas flow control valve is installed on the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism. The methanol reforming hydrogen generator is divided into a first preheating chamber, a reforming chamber, and a secondary preheating chamber from bottom to top by a heat-conducting plate. The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism is respectively installed in the reforming chamber, the primary preheating chamber, and the secondary preheating chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the inlet of the first preheating chamber is connected to the methanol storage tank, and the exhaust port of the first preheating chamber extends into the secondary preheating chamber through a pipeline passing through the reforming chamber. The exhaust port of the secondary preheating chamber is connected to the reforming chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism includes three serpentine heat exchange tubes, which are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first preheating chamber, the middle of the reforming chamber, and the top of the secondary preheating chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes temperature sensors, which are respectively installed in the reforming chamber, the first preheating chamber and the second preheating chamber, and the temperature sensors are electrically connected to the vehicle's control circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the secondary preheating chamber is also equipped with two sets of heat dissipation fins, which are interlaced and connected at both ends to a heat-conducting plate and a serpentine heat exchange tube.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a hydrogen compressor and a hydrogen cylinder. The hydrogen cylinder is connected to the hydrogen outlet pipeline of the methanol reforming hydrogen production machine. The hydrogen cylinder is connected to a hydrogen internal combustion engine through a pipeline. An intake control valve is installed on the pipeline. The hydrogen compressor is installed on the hydrogen outlet pipeline between the hydrogen cylinder and the methanol reforming hydrogen production machine.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a branch pipe, the air inlet of which is located at the front end of the high-temperature gas pipeline for the discharge of excess exhaust gas, and the exhaust port of the branch pipe is connected to the exhaust port of the high-temperature gas pipeline through a tee connector.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a gas pipeline fan, which is installed on a branch of the high-temperature gas pipeline and is electrically connected to the vehicle's control circuit.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a check valve, which is installed on the main pipeline between the waste gas heat exchange mechanism and the tee joint.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention uses the high-temperature exhaust gas from the hydrogen internal combustion engine to heat the primary preheating chamber, secondary preheating chamber, and reforming chamber of the methanol reforming hydrogen generator, eliminating the need for an electric heater and improving energy utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, the heat generated by the methanol reforming hydrogen generator is used to preheat the methanol gas, further improving energy utilization and reaction efficiency. This allows for rapid hydrogen production using the methanol reforming hydrogen generator, which, in conjunction with a hydrogen storage tank, supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen internal combustion engine for power generation, thereby extending the vehicle's range.

[0018] 2. By regulating and controlling the flow rate of the high-temperature gas discharged from the hydrogen internal combustion engine generator, this invention can ensure that the vaporization temperature in the methanol reforming hydrogen generator is controlled between 200 and 320°C, thereby increasing the catalytic reaction rate in the methanol reforming hydrogen generator while avoiding catalyst deactivation.

[0019] 3. This invention employs a mobile methanol-to-hydrogen technology that can be applied to various vehicles, ships, generator sets, low-altitude flights, mining vehicles, agricultural machinery, mobile power supplies, and other fields. The generated hydrogen is supplied indirectly or directly to hydrogen internal combustion engines, significantly reducing the cost of hydrogen supply. The price of hydrogen internal combustion engines with generators is also significantly lower than that of hydrogen fuel cells, and it can completely replace hydrogen fuel cells. Furthermore, it achieves independent control in terms of technology and manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the methanol reforming hydrogen production machine of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the serpentine heat exchange tube structure in the first preheating chamber of the present invention.

[0023] Among them, 1-hydrogen internal combustion engine; 2-generator; 3-high temperature gas pipeline; 4-gas flow control valve; 5-methanol reforming hydrogen generator; 501-first preheating chamber; 502-reformation chamber; 503-secondary preheating chamber; 6-temperature sensor; 7-lithium battery assembly; 8-heat conduction plate; 9-serpentine heat exchange tube; 10-heat dissipation fins; 11-hydrogen compressor; 12-hydrogen cylinder; 13-intake control valve; 14-branch pipeline; 15-gas pipeline fan; 16-tee connector; 17-check valve; 18-methanol storage device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment discloses a hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device, including a hydrogen internal combustion engine 1, a generator 2, a high-temperature gas pipeline 3, a gas flow control valve 4, a methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5, an exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism, a temperature sensor 6, and a lithium battery assembly 7.

[0027] The shaft of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the generator 2. The lithium battery assembly 7 is electrically connected to the generator 2. The rotation of the generator 2 is driven by the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 to charge the lithium battery assembly 7. The inlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline 3 is connected to the exhaust pipeline of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1. The high-temperature gas pipeline 3 is connected to the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism. A gas flow control valve 4 is installed on the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism. The methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5 is divided into a first preheating chamber 501, a reforming chamber 502 and a secondary preheating chamber 503 from bottom to top by a heat-conducting plate 8. The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism is respectively set in the reforming chamber 502, the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503.

[0028] Specifically, the inlet of the first preheating chamber 501 is connected to the methanol storage tank 18, and the exhaust port of the first preheating chamber 501 extends into the secondary preheating chamber 503 through a pipeline passing through the reforming chamber 502. The exhaust port of the secondary preheating chamber 503 is connected to the reforming chamber 502. Temperature sensors 6 are respectively installed in the reforming chamber 502, the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503, and are electrically connected to the vehicle's control circuit.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waste gas heat exchange mechanism includes three serpentine heat exchange tubes 9, which are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first preheating chamber 501, the middle of the reforming chamber 502 and the top of the secondary preheating chamber 503. Each serpentine heat exchange tube 9 is provided with a gas flow control valve 4 at its front end.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two sets of heat dissipation fins 10 are also provided in the secondary preheating chamber 503. The two sets of heat dissipation fins 10 are arranged alternately and interwoven. Both ends of the two sets of heat dissipation fins 10 are connected to the heat conduction plate 8 and the serpentine heat exchange tube 9. By setting the heat dissipation fins 10, the methanol gas can more fully contact the heat dissipation fins 10 for heat exchange, and the residence time of the methanol gas in the secondary preheating chamber 503 is increased, thereby improving its heating temperature.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen compressor 11 and a hydrogen cylinder 12 are also included. The hydrogen cylinder 12 is connected to the hydrogen outlet pipeline of the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5 and is connected to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 via a pipeline. An intake control valve 13 is provided on the pipeline. The hydrogen compressor 11 is located on the hydrogen outlet pipeline between the hydrogen cylinder 12 and the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5. The hydrogen from the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5 is input into the hydrogen cylinder 12 through a hydrogen booster pump and finally delivered to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a branch pipe 14, the air inlet of the branch pipe 14 is located at the front end of the high temperature gas pipe 3, and a gas pipe fan 15 is also provided on the branch pipe 14. The gas pipe fan 15 is electrically connected to the vehicle's control circuit for the discharge of excess exhaust gas, and the exhaust port of the branch pipe 14 is connected to the exhaust port of the high temperature gas pipe 3 through a three-way connector 16.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a check valve 17 is also included. The check valve 17 is disposed on the main pipeline between the waste gas heat exchange mechanism and the three-way connector 16 to prevent the exhaust gas of the branch pipeline 14 from flowing back.

[0034] After the vehicle starts, the exhaust gas generated by the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 driving the generator 2 is transported through the high-temperature gas pipeline 3 to the serpentine heat exchange tube 9 inside the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5. Simultaneously, the temperature sensor 6 continuously monitors the temperatures in the reforming chamber 502, the first preheating chamber 501, and the secondary preheating chamber 503, and feeds the results back to the vehicle's control circuit. Upon receiving the signal, the control circuit adjusts the opening degree of the three gas flow control valves 4 to ensure that the vaporization temperature inside the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5 is controlled between 200 and 320°C, guaranteeing optimal conditions within the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5. The catalytic reaction rate is affected by the fact that the reforming chamber 502 generates a large amount of heat after hydrogen production. This heat can be transferred to the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503 through the heat conduction plate 8 to preheat the methanol gas and improve the hydrogen production efficiency. When the methanol reforming process releases a large amount of heat, and the temperature of the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503 exceeds the set temperature, the vehicle's control circuit will control the gas flow control valve 4 of the corresponding chamber to reduce the opening angle and simultaneously control the speed of the gas pipeline fan 15 to guide the excess exhaust gas out through the gas pipeline fan 15.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen-powered vehicle combined power generation device, characterized in that: The system includes a hydrogen internal combustion engine (1), a generator (2), a high-temperature gas pipeline (3), a gas flow control valve (4), a methanol reforming hydrogen generator (5), an exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism, and a lithium battery assembly (7). The shaft of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the generator (2). The lithium battery assembly (7) is electrically connected to the generator (2). The inlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline (3) is connected to the exhaust pipe of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1). The high-temperature gas pipeline (3) is connected to the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism. The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism is equipped with a gas flow control valve (4). The methanol reforming hydrogen generator (5) is divided into a first preheating chamber (501), a reforming chamber (502), and a secondary preheating chamber (503) from bottom to top by a heat-conducting plate (8). The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism is respectively installed in the reforming chamber (502), the primary preheating chamber, and the secondary preheating chamber (503). The inlet of the first preheating chamber (501) is connected to the methanol storage tank (18), and the exhaust port of the first preheating chamber (501) extends into the secondary preheating chamber (503) through the reforming chamber (502) via a pipeline. The exhaust port of the secondary preheating chamber (503) is connected to the reforming chamber (502). The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism includes three serpentine heat exchange tubes (9), which are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first preheating chamber (501), the middle of the reforming chamber (502), and the top of the secondary preheating chamber (503); It also includes a temperature sensor (6), which is respectively installed in the reforming chamber (502), the first preheating chamber (501) and the second preheating chamber (503), and the temperature sensor (6) is electrically connected to the vehicle's control circuit; The secondary preheating chamber (503) is also equipped with two sets of heat dissipation fins (10). The two sets of heat dissipation fins (10) are interlaced and the two ends of the two sets of heat dissipation fins (10) are connected to the heat conduction plate (8) and the serpentine heat exchange tube (9).

2. The hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hydrogen compressor (11) and a hydrogen cylinder (12), the hydrogen cylinder (12) being connected to the hydrogen outlet pipe of the methanol reforming hydrogen generator (5), the hydrogen cylinder (12) being connected to the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) through a pipe, the pipe being equipped with an intake control valve (13), and the hydrogen compressor (11) being installed on the hydrogen outlet pipe between the hydrogen cylinder (12) and the methanol reforming hydrogen generator (5).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a branch pipe (14), the air inlet of which is located at the front end of the high-temperature gas pipeline (3) for the discharge of excess exhaust gas, and the exhaust port of the branch pipe (14) is connected to the exhaust port of the high-temperature gas pipeline (3) through a three-way connector (16).

4. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a gas pipeline fan (15), which is installed on a branch pipe (14) of the high-temperature gas pipeline (3) and is electrically connected to the vehicle's control circuit.

5. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a check valve (17), which is located on the main pipeline between the waste gas heat exchange mechanism and the tee joint (16).

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