energy storage device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of energy storage equipment, it relates to energy technology field.The energy storage equipment includes battery, first flow channel, hydrogen storage device and heat storage device, battery is solid oxide battery, battery includes anode layer, electrolyte layer and cathode layer, electrolyte layer is between anode layer and cathode layer, battery also includes anode channel and cathode channel;First flow channel is communicated with the outlet of anode channel;Hydrogen storage device includes first shell and solid-state hydrogen storage medium, solid-state hydrogen storage medium is located in first shell, and solid-state hydrogen storage medium is used to store hydrogen;Heat storage device includes second shell and heat storage medium, heat storage medium is located in second shell, and heat storage medium is used to exchange heat with a part of first flow channel and solid-state hydrogen storage medium.Through the above technical scheme, in the case that solid-state hydrogen storage medium of hydrogen storage device needs to release hydrogen, solid-state hydrogen storage medium can absorb heat generated by other devices, so as to reduce the energy consumption of hydrogen storage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage technology utilizes a chemical reaction between hydrogen and a solid storage medium. Hydrogen atoms are attracted into the pores of the solid storage medium to form stable hydrides, thus achieving low-pressure and safe hydrogen storage. Solid-state hydrogen storage technology has attracted attention due to its advantages such as safety, cleanliness, and high hydrogen storage density.

[0003] In related technologies, the process of releasing hydrogen from solid hydrogen storage media requires the absorption of a large amount of heat, which consumes a lot of energy and restricts the development and ease of use of solid hydrogen storage technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an energy storage device that, when the solid hydrogen storage medium of a hydrogen storage device needs to release hydrogen, enables the solid hydrogen storage medium to absorb the heat generated by other devices, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the hydrogen storage device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This application provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery, a first flow channel, a hydrogen storage device, and a heat storage device. The battery is a solid oxide battery, and includes an anode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a cathode layer. The electrolyte layer is located between the anode layer and the cathode layer. The battery also includes an anode channel and a cathode channel. The anode channel is used to guide internal gas to the anode layer, and the cathode channel is used to guide internal gas to the cathode layer. The first flow channel is connected to the outlet of the anode channel. The hydrogen storage device includes a first shell and a solid hydrogen storage medium. The solid hydrogen storage medium is located inside the first shell and is used to store hydrogen. The heat storage device includes a second shell and a heat storage medium. The heat storage medium is located inside the second shell. The second shell is connected to the first flow channel, and the heat storage medium inside the second shell exchanges heat with a portion of the first flow channel. The second shell is also connected to the first shell, and the heat storage medium inside the second shell exchanges heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium inside the first shell.

[0007] When a battery is used as a reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC), it operates in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes. The solid oxide battery can not only operate in fuel cell mode, converting chemical energy into electrical energy as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), but it can also operate in electrolysis mode, converting electrical energy into chemical energy as a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). This bidirectional energy conversion capability gives the battery (solid oxide battery) high flexibility and application potential.

[0008] The anode layer of the battery can be a fuel electrode, and the cathode layer can be an air electrode or an oxygen electrode. The anode channel can guide hydrogen or water (water vapor) to the anode layer, and the gas generated by the reaction in the anode layer can also be discharged outside the battery through the anode channel. The cathode channel can guide air to the cathode layer, and the gas generated by the reaction in the cathode layer can also be discharged through the cathode channel.

[0009] In the case of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the battery converts hydrogen in the anode layer into water (water vapor) and releases electricity, creating a current between the anode and cathode layers. Since the battery discharge process is exothermic (e.g., the battery's operating temperature is approximately 550–800°C), the gas discharged through the anode channel carries away some of the battery's heat. The high-temperature gas discharged from the anode channel enters the first flow channel and exchanges heat with the heat storage medium, allowing the heat storage device to obtain and store a large amount of heat.

[0010] When the battery is used as a solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC), water (water vapor) in the anode layer is converted into hydrogen gas by an external current. Although the electrolysis process is an endothermic reaction, the battery generates heat due to its own impedance and gradually reaches thermal equilibrium. Once the external current between the anode and cathode layers reaches a certain level, the excess heat generated by the battery is stored in the heat storage device through heat exchange with the heat storage medium. This fully utilizes the battery's heat for use by the hydrogen storage device during hydrogen release.

[0011] In addition, the solid hydrogen storage medium also exchanges heat with the thermal storage medium. During the process of storing hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage medium, the solid hydrogen storage medium also releases heat. In some cases, the heat released by the solid hydrogen storage medium is also stored in the thermal storage device.

[0012] When hydrogen needs to be released from a solid hydrogen storage medium, the heat stored in the thermal storage device is transferred to the solid hydrogen storage medium, enabling it to absorb sufficient heat and release hydrogen (for example, the temperature at which the solid hydrogen storage medium releases hydrogen is approximately 400°C). This technical solution allows the heat generated by battery power generation to be recovered and supplied to the thermal storage device, enabling it to absorb enough heat to support the release of hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage medium. This reduces the heat supplied by other heat sources (specifically for heating the hydrogen storage device) and lowers the energy consumption of the hydrogen storage device (for example, by 20%).

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the material of the solid hydrogen storage medium includes at least one of iron(II,III) oxide, lithium-based metals, magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, or rare-earth hydrogen storage alloys.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, the first housing is in communication with the inlet of the anode channel.

[0015] When the battery is in fuel cell mode, the discharge process requires hydrogen. The first casing is connected to the anode channel inlet, and the hydrogen released after the solid hydrogen storage medium absorbs heat can enter the anode channel for battery consumption. In other words, the hydrogen storage device absorbs the heat generated by the battery reaction and provides hydrogen to the battery, thus reducing the overall energy consumption of the thermal storage equipment.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a gas-liquid separator and a second flow channel. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate gas and liquid. The first flow channel connects the outlet of the anode channel to the gas-liquid separator. The second flow channel connects the gas-liquid separator and the inlet of the anode channel. The first housing is connected to the second flow channel.

[0017] A gas-liquid separator can separate gases and liquids through condensation. For example, a gas-liquid separator can separate hydrogen and liquid water in the first flow channel. The liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator is either directly discharged or recycled, while the gas continues to enter the second flow channel.

[0018] When the battery is in fuel cell mode, the gas (e.g., water vapor and unreacted hydrogen) in the anode channel is discharged and first enters the first flow channel. Before entering the gas-liquid separator for condensation, the gas in the first flow channel exchanges heat with the heat storage medium, allowing the heat storage medium to store the heat generated by the battery. After heat exchange with the heat storage medium, the gas in the first flow channel flows into the gas-liquid separator, where liquid (e.g., condensed liquid water) is separated from the gas. The separated gas (e.g., the remaining hydrogen) flows back into the anode channel through the second flow channel. Since the first casing is connected to the second flow channel, hydrogen released by the heating of the solid hydrogen storage medium also enters the anode channel through the second flow channel.

[0019] Furthermore, when the battery is in electrolysis mode, the gas (e.g., hydrogen and unreacted water vapor) in the anode channel is discharged and first enters the first flow channel. After exchanging heat with the heat storage medium, the gas in the first flow channel flows into the gas-liquid separator, where the liquid (e.g., condensed liquid water) is separated from the gas. The gas after gas-liquid separation (e.g., the remaining hydrogen) enters the heat storage device through the second flow channel for storage, to be consumed by the battery in fuel cell mode. Notably, before storing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device, the liquids such as water are condensed and discharged, reducing the impact on the solid hydrogen storage medium.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the second flow channel exchanges heat with the heat storage medium, and the location of the second flow channel that communicates with the first shell is located upstream of the portion of the second flow channel that exchanges heat with the heat storage medium.

[0021] The battery generates heat in fuel cell mode; however, it requires a significant amount of heat to sustain the reaction in this mode. In addition to the heat generated by the battery itself, the hydrogen released from the solid hydrogen storage medium exchanges heat with the heat storage medium before entering the anode channel. This heat storage device heats the hydrogen entering the anode channel, which is beneficial for the hydrogen reaction in the anode layer.

[0022] Furthermore, when the battery is in standby mode (battery not operating), hydrogen gas can be introduced into the anode channel through the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen entering the anode channel can be heated by the heat storage device. This allows the heat storage device to supply the stored heat back to the battery, maintaining its temperature and reducing the temperature difference between start-up and shutdown states. When the battery needs to be started, it only needs to raise its temperature slightly to reach the starting temperature, shortening the start-up time.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the portion of the second flow channel used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium is located within the second housing.

[0024] A portion of the second flow channel is located inside the second shell and comes into contact with the heat storage medium, facilitating heat exchange between the second flow channel and the heat storage medium inside the second shell. This direct heat exchange method (eliminating the need for additional heat exchangers) results in higher heat exchange efficiency and reduces heat loss generated during the heat exchange process between the second flow channel and the heat storage medium.

[0025] In one optional embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a heat exchange tube, which includes a first part, a second part, and a heat exchange medium. The first part and the second part are connected, and the heat exchange medium is located inside the first part and the second part. The first part is wrapped around the outside of the first housing or located inside the first housing, and the second part is located inside the second housing. The heat storage medium and the solid hydrogen storage medium exchange heat through the heat exchange tube.

[0026] When the solid hydrogen storage medium needs to exchange heat with the thermal storage medium, the heat exchange medium (e.g., gas) in the second part absorbs heat from the thermal storage medium and becomes a high-temperature heat exchange medium. This high-temperature heat exchange medium flows to the first part to heat the hydrogen storage device. If the first part is wrapped around the outside of the first shell, the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the first part will transfer heat to the first shell, and then transfer heat to the solid hydrogen storage medium through the first shell, thus heating the solid hydrogen storage medium. If the first part is located inside the first shell, the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the first part will directly transfer heat to the solid hydrogen storage medium, also achieving heating of the solid hydrogen storage medium by the thermal storage device.

[0027] In one alternative embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a first drive element for driving the heat exchange medium to circulate between the first part and the second part.

[0028] By controlling the start and stop of the first driving component, the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium and the thermal storage medium can be controlled. For example, when the hydrogen storage device does not need to release hydrogen, the operation of the first driving component can be stopped, causing the heat exchange medium to stop flowing, and the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium and the thermal storage medium will also stop; when the hydrogen storage device needs to release hydrogen, starting the first driving component will allow the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium and the thermal storage medium to proceed normally.

[0029] In one alternative embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a third flow channel, the outlet of the cathode channel being connected to the third flow channel, and a portion of the third flow channel being used for heat exchange with the thermal storage medium.

[0030] When the battery is in fuel cell or electrolysis mode, in addition to recovering and storing heat in the anode channel, the heat storage device can also store heat in the cathode channel. For example, in the case of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the battery is exothermic, and the gas discharged through the cathode channel can also carry away some of the battery's heat. The heat storage medium exchanges heat with both the gas discharged from the anode channel (heat exchange between the heat storage medium and the first flow channel) and the gas discharged from the cathode channel (heat exchange between the heat storage medium and the third flow channel), allowing the heat storage device to obtain and store more heat. As another example, in the case of a solid oxide electrolyzing water battery (SOEC), some of the excess heat generated by the battery is carried away by the gas discharged through the anode channel, and some is also carried away by the gas discharged through the cathode channel. The gas discharged from both the anode and cathode channels stores heat in the heat storage device through heat exchange, making the battery's heat utilization rate higher.

[0031] In one alternative embodiment, the portion of the third flow channel used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium is located within the second housing.

[0032] The third flow channel, which is used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium, is located inside the second shell, allowing the third flow channel to be in direct contact with the heat storage medium, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency and reducing heat loss generated during the heat exchange process between the third flow channel and the heat storage medium.

[0033] In one alternative embodiment, the portion of the first flow channel used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium is located within the second housing.

[0034] A portion of the first flow channel is located inside the second shell and comes into contact with the heat storage medium, facilitating heat exchange between the first flow channel and the heat storage medium inside the second shell. This direct heat exchange method (eliminating the need for additional heat exchangers) results in higher heat exchange efficiency and reduces heat loss generated during the heat exchange process between the first flow channel and the heat storage medium. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in fuel cell mode, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in electrolysis mode provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another battery structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 5A schematic diagram of another battery in fuel cell mode or electrolysis mode provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 A system diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 10 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 11 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 12 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 13 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 100 - Energy storage device; 10 - Battery cabinet; 1 - Cabinet body; 2 - Battery; 21 - Anode layer; 22 - Electrolyte layer; 23 - Cathode layer; 24 - Anode channel; 25 - Cathode channel; 26 - Battery cell; 27 - Connecting piece; 3 - Power distribution device; 4 - Pipeline; 5 - First flow channel; 6 - Second flow channel; 7 - Third flow channel; 8 - Fourth flow channel; 9 - Fifth flow channel; 20 - Hydrogen storage device; 201 - First shell; 202 - Solid hydrogen storage medium 203-Equipment box; 30-Heat storage device; 301-Second shell; 302-Heat storage medium; 40-Gas-liquid separator; 50-Heat exchange tube; 501-First part; 502-Second part; 503-Heat exchange medium; 601-First driving component; 602-Second driving component; 603-Third driving component; 604-Fourth driving component; 70-Heat exchanger; 80-Exchange tube; 90-Water tank; 200-Power supply / electrical device. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0051] In this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only to distinguish one element from another, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0052] In this application, unless otherwise expressly stated and limited, "multiple" means two or more.

[0053] Furthermore, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0054] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application, solid structures such as components and assemblies are represented by guide lines; structures composed of multiple components are represented by guide lines with parentheses or solid arrows; and hollow structures such as openings, holes, spaces, and cavities are represented by guide lines with hollow arrows.

[0055] This application provides an energy storage device 100. Figure 1 An exemplary structure of an energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to Figure 1 The energy storage device 100 includes a battery cabinet 10, a hydrogen storage device 20, and a thermal storage device 30 (e.g., a thermal storage tank).

[0056] Among them, reference Figure 1 The battery cabinet 10 includes a cabinet body 1, a battery 2, a power distribution device 3, and pipes 4. The cabinet body 1 can be any structure that can serve as the enclosure of the equipment; for example, the cabinet body 1 can be a metal cabinet. The battery 2 and the power distribution device 3 are both located inside the cabinet body 1. A portion of the pipes 4 is located inside the cabinet body 1, and another portion of the pipes 4 extends outside the cabinet body 1. The portion of the pipes 4 extending outside the cabinet body 1 is connected to other devices (e.g., a thermal storage device 30 and a hydrogen storage device 20).

[0057] Reference Figure 1The hydrogen storage device 20 includes a first housing 201 and a solid hydrogen storage medium 202. The solid hydrogen storage medium 202 is located inside the first housing 201 and is used to store and release hydrogen. The material of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 includes at least one of iron(II,III) oxide, lithium-based metals, magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, or rare-earth hydrogen storage alloys. During the release of hydrogen by the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 needs to absorb a large amount of heat (for example, the temperature at which the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 releases hydrogen is approximately 400°C). During the storage of hydrogen by the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 releases heat.

[0058] exist Figure 1 In the example shown, the hydrogen storage device 20 includes a plurality of first housings 201, each first housing 201 being filled with a solid hydrogen storage medium 202. Furthermore, in Figure 1 In the example shown, the hydrogen storage device 20 also includes a housing 203, within which a plurality of first housings 201 are located. In other examples, the hydrogen storage device 20 includes a first housing 201 filled with a solid hydrogen storage medium 202; in such examples, the hydrogen storage device 20 may not include a housing 203.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 The heat storage device 30 includes a second housing 301 and a heat storage medium 302. The second housing 301 can be any structure capable of storing the heat storage medium 302, such as a tank or box, etc. This application does not impose specific limitations on this. The heat storage medium 302 is located inside the second housing 301 and is used to store heat. For example, the heat storage medium 302 includes at least one of water, oil, fluorinated liquid, organic phase change heat storage material, molten salt phase change heat storage material, alloy phase change heat storage material, or composite phase change heat storage material.

[0060] The battery 2 housed within the cabinet 1 of the battery cabinet 10 is a solid oxide battery, also known as a reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC). Battery 2 can function as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, or as a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) to convert electrical energy into chemical energy.

[0061] Figure 2 An exemplary structure of a battery 2 is shown, with reference to Figure 2The battery 2 includes an anode layer 21, an electrolyte layer 22, and a cathode layer 23. The electrolyte layer 22 is located between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23. The anode layer 21 of the battery 2 can be a fuel electrode, and the cathode layer 23 of the battery 2 can be an air electrode or an oxygen electrode. In addition, the battery 2 also includes an anode channel 24 and a cathode channel 25. The anode channel 24 is used to guide internal gases (e.g., hydrogen and / or water) to the anode layer 21, and the gases generated by the reaction in the anode layer 21 are also discharged to the outside of the battery 2 through the anode channel 24. The cathode channel 25 is used to guide internal gases (e.g., air) to the cathode layer 23, and the gases generated by the reaction in the cathode layer 23 are also discharged to the outside of the battery 2 through the cathode channel 25.

[0062] In one example, battery 2 has a fuel cell mode, see reference. Figure 2 ( Figure 2 In the fuel cell mode, battery 2 acts as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Battery 2 converts hydrogen in the anode layer 21 into water and releases electricity, creating an external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 (battery 2 has an external current). For example, hydrogen (H2) is introduced into the anode channel 24, and oxygen (O2) is introduced into the cathode channel 25. The oxygen in the cathode channel 25 reacts at the cathode layer 23 to become oxygen ions (O2-). The oxygen ions (O2-) pass through the electrolyte layer 22 to reach the anode layer 21. The hydrogen in the anode channel 24 reacts with the oxygen ions at the anode layer 21 to generate water (H2O). The water generated at the anode layer 21 and the unreacted hydrogen are discharged from the anode channel 24.

[0063] Figure 2 The hollow arrow at the inlet of the anode channel 24 indicates the direction of gas inflow, and the hollow arrow at the outlet of the anode channel 24 indicates the direction of gas outflow. Similarly, the hollow arrow at the inlet of the cathode channel 25 indicates the direction of gas inflow, and the hollow arrow at the outlet of the cathode channel 25 indicates the direction of gas outflow. Furthermore, the hollow arrow on the circuit containing the power supply / consumption device 200 (or load in fuel cell mode) indicates the direction of the external current (the external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23) of the battery 2. It can be understood that when the battery 2 is in fuel cell mode, the external current of the battery 2 flows from the anode layer 21 to the cathode layer 23.

[0064] In another example, battery 2 has an electrolysis mode. Figure 3 An example is shown where battery 2 is in electrolysis mode, see reference. Figure 3In electrolysis mode, battery 2, acting as a solid oxide electrolyzing water battery (SOEC), converts water in the anode layer 21 into hydrogen gas using an external current applied by a power supply / consumption device 200 (which, in electrolysis mode, is a power supply device, such as a photovoltaic module). For example, when water is introduced into the anode channel 24 and an external current is applied between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23, the water introduced from the anode channel 24 reacts and decomposes into hydrogen gas and oxygen ions at the anode layer 21. The oxygen ions pass through the electrolyte layer 22 to reach the cathode layer 23 and produce oxygen. The hydrogen gas generated at the anode layer 21, along with unreacted water, is discharged from the anode channel 24. Furthermore, air can be introduced into the cathode channel 25 to remove the oxygen generated in the cathode layer 23.

[0065] Figure 3 The hollow arrow at the inlet of the anode channel 24 indicates the direction of gas inflow, and the hollow arrow at the outlet of the anode channel 24 indicates the direction of gas outflow; similarly, the hollow arrow at the inlet of the cathode channel 25 indicates the direction of gas inflow, and the hollow arrow at the outlet of the cathode channel 25 indicates the direction of gas outflow. Furthermore, the hollow arrow on the circuit containing the power supply / consumption device 200 indicates the direction of the external current to the battery 2; that is, when the battery 2 is in electrolysis mode, the external current to the battery 2 flows from the cathode layer 23 to the anode layer 21.

[0066] By comparison Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that in fuel cell mode ( Figure 2 The direction of the external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 in the electrolysis mode is different from that in the electrolysis mode. Figure 3 In the mode, the direction of the external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 is opposite.

[0067] In another example, battery 2 can switch between fuel cell mode and electrolysis mode. It is understood that when battery 2 is in operating mode, regardless of whether it is in fuel cell mode or electrolysis mode, there is an external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 of battery 2. After battery 2 stops operating, there is no external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 (battery 2 has no external current, and it is understood that battery 2 also has no internal current).

[0068] Figure 4 An exemplary diagram illustrates the structure of another battery 2, which can be understood as a battery stack, see reference. Figure 4The battery 2 includes multiple battery cells 26, each battery cell 26 including an anode layer 21, an electrolyte layer 22, and a cathode layer 23. In each battery cell 26, the electrolyte layer 22 is located between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23. Furthermore, the battery 2 also includes multiple connecting pieces 27, with each battery cell 26 located between two connecting pieces 27. The multiple connecting pieces 27, when combined, form an anode channel 24 and a cathode channel 25 inside the battery 2. Taking one connecting piece 27 (connecting piece 27a) as an example, one side of connecting piece 27a faces the cathode layer 23 of battery cell 26a, and the other side faces the anode layer 21 of battery cell 26b. Connecting piece 27 has two mutually isolated sub-channels (sub-channel a and sub-channel b). Sub-channel a of connecting piece 27a guides gas to the cathode layer 23 of battery cell 26a, and sub-channel b of connecting piece 27a guides gas to the anode layer 21 of battery cell 26b.

[0069] Reference Figure 4 After multiple connecting pieces 27 are combined, the sub-channels a of each connecting piece 27 are interconnected to form a cathode channel 25, and the sub-channels b of each connecting piece 27 are interconnected to form an anode channel 24. The anode channel 24 can guide the internal gas to the anode layer 21 of each battery cell 26, and the cathode channel 25 can guide the internal gas to the cathode layer 23 of each battery cell 26.

[0070] In addition, refer to Figure 4 The connecting piece 27 between two battery cells 26 can also serve to connect adjacent battery cells 26 in series, that is, multiple battery cells 26 can be connected in series with each other through multiple connecting pieces 27. Figure 5 An example is shown Figure 4 For the case of battery 2 in fuel cell mode or electrolysis mode, refer to... Figure 5 The multiple battery cells 26 connected in series are electrically connected to the power supply / consumption device 200. In the first state, an external current is generated between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 of any one of the battery cells 26 of the battery 2.

[0071] Since the discharge process of battery 2 is exothermic, battery 2 will generate a large amount of heat in fuel cell mode. Furthermore, although the electrolysis process of battery 2 (when battery 2 is in electrolysis mode) is an endothermic reaction, battery 2 will generate heat due to its own impedance. For example, under the influence of impedance, when the operating current (the external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23) reaches 0.8 A / cm², battery 2 is in thermal equilibrium. If the current continues to increase, and the external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 reaches a certain level, battery 2 will generate excess heat (e.g., an electrothermal conversion rate of 10%–20%).

[0072] Therefore, when battery 2 is in fuel cell mode or electrolysis mode, the heat from battery 2 can be used to heat hydrogen storage device 20. Figure 6 An exemplary system diagram of an energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to Figure 6 The energy storage device 100 also includes a first flow channel 5, wherein at least a portion of the first flow channel 5 is formed within the pipe 4, the first flow channel 5 is connected to the outlet of the anode channel 24 (the hollow arrow on the first flow channel 5 indicates the direction of gas flow), the first flow channel 5 is connected to the second housing 301 of the heat storage device 30 (e.g., in a heat exchange manner), so that a portion of the first flow channel 5 can exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302, for example, the operating temperature of the heat storage device 30 is not higher than the operating temperature of the battery 2, and the heat of the battery 2 is stored in the heat storage device 30 after heat exchange. Furthermore, the first housing 201 of the hydrogen storage device 20 is connected to the second housing 301 of the heat storage device 30 (for example, the first housing 201 and the second housing 301 are connected by a heat exchange structure), so that the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 in the first housing 201 can exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 in the second housing 301. For example, the temperature required for the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 to release hydrogen is not higher than the operating temperature of the heat storage device 30, and the heat storage device 30 can heat the hydrogen storage device 20.

[0073] In the above manner, the heat storage device 30 can store a large amount of heat. When the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 needs to release hydrogen, the heat stored in the heat storage device 30 will be transferred to the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 due to the heat exchange between the heat storage medium 302 and the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, so that the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 can absorb enough heat and release hydrogen.

[0074] The heat stored in the heat storage device 30 can come from multiple sources. For example, when the battery 2 is in fuel cell mode, acting as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the gas discharged through the anode channel 24 can carry away some of the heat from the battery 2. The high-temperature gas discharged from the anode channel 24 then enters the first flow channel 5 and exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302, allowing the heat storage device 30 to store a large amount of heat. As another example, when the battery 2 is in electrolysis mode, acting as a solid oxide electrolyzing water battery (SOEC), as the external current of the battery 2 increases, the gas discharged from the anode channel 24 will also carry a small amount of heat. After exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302 in the first flow channel 5, the heat storage device 30 can also store a small amount of heat.

[0075] In addition, during the process of storing hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 will also release heat. In some cases, the heat released by the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 will also be stored in the heat storage device 30.

[0076] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat generated by the battery 2 through the heat storage device 30 is recovered and provided to the hydrogen storage device 20, so that the hydrogen storage device 20 can absorb enough heat to support the release of hydrogen by the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, thereby reducing the heat provided by other heat sources (heat sources specifically for heating the hydrogen storage device 20) and reducing the energy consumption of the hydrogen storage device 20 (for example, energy consumption is reduced by 20%).

[0077] There are several ways in which the first flow channel 5 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302. Figure 6 In the example shown, the portion of the first flow channel 5 used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 is located within the second housing 301. This direct heat exchange method results in higher heat exchange efficiency and reduces heat loss during the heat exchange process between the first flow channel 5 and the heat storage medium 302. In other examples, the first flow channel 5 can also exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 through a heat exchange device.

[0078] Solid hydrogen storage medium 202 can also exchange heat with heat storage medium 302 in any suitable manner. In one example, refer to Figure 6 The energy storage device 100 also includes a heat exchange tube 50. The heat exchange tube 50 includes a first portion 501, a second portion 502, and a heat exchange medium 503. The first portion 501 and the second portion 502 are connected. The heat exchange medium 503 (e.g., water vapor) flows within the first portion 501 and the second portion 502. The heat exchange medium 503 is not shown in the accompanying drawings; its location within the first portion 501 and the second portion 502 is indicated only by a reference numeral in parentheses (i.e., the heat exchange medium 503 is located within the heat exchange tube 50). The first portion 501 is wound around the outside of the first housing 201 and exchanges heat with the first housing 201. The second portion 502 is located within the second housing 301 and exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302.

[0079] exist Figure 6 In the example shown, when the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 needs to exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302, the heat exchange medium 503 in the second part 502 will absorb the heat of the heat storage medium 302 and become a high-temperature heat exchange medium 503. The high-temperature heat exchange medium 503 flows to the first part 501. Since the first part 501 is wrapped around the first shell 201, the high-temperature heat exchange medium 503 in the first part 501 will transfer heat to the first shell 201, and then transfer heat to the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 through the first shell 201, thereby realizing the heating of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 by the heat storage device 30.

[0080] In some other examples, the first part 501 can also exchange heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 in other directions, for example, Figure 7 An exemplary system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to... Figure 7The first part 501 is located inside the first shell 201 and exchanges heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium 202. The heat exchange medium 503 in the second part 502 absorbs the heat of the heat storage medium 302 and flows into the first part 501. The heat exchange medium 503 in the first part 501 will directly transfer the heat to the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, thereby realizing the heating of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 by the heat storage device 30.

[0081] In some other examples, the second part 502 can also exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 through a heat exchange device, for example, Figure 8 An exemplary system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to... Figure 8 The energy storage device 100 also includes a heat exchanger 70 (heat exchange device, such as a plate heat exchanger) and an exchange tube 80. The second part 502 passes through the heat exchanger 70, and the exchange tube 80 is connected to the heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger 70. A portion of the exchange tube 80 is located within the second housing 301. The gas in the exchange tube 80 is driven by a driving device (such as a gas pump) to circulate the gas in the exchange tube 80. Through the heat exchanger 70, the gas in the second part 502 can exchange heat with the gas in the exchange tube 80, that is, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 is heated by the heat storage device 30.

[0082] In one example where the energy storage device 100 also includes a heat exchanger 70 and an exchange pipe 80, the heat exchanger 70 can be located inside the cabinet 1 (the structure of the cabinet 1 is shown in the figure). Figure 1 The heat exchanger 70 may also be located outside the cabinet 1, and this application does not impose specific restrictions on this. It should be noted that when the heat exchanger 70 is located inside the cabinet 1, a portion of the exchange pipe 80 extends into the cabinet 1 and communicates with the heat exchanger 70.

[0083] In some examples, the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 and the thermal storage medium 302 can be controlled, for example, referring to Figure 7 or Figure 8 The energy storage device 100 also includes a first drive unit 601, which drives the heat exchange medium 503 to circulate between the first part 501 and the second part 502. When hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage device 20 is not required, the operation of the first drive unit 601 can be stopped, causing the heat exchange medium 503 to stop flowing, and heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 and the heat storage medium 302 will also cease. When hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage device 20 is required, activating the first drive unit 601 allows normal heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 and the heat storage medium 302 to proceed.

[0084] The hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device 20 can be supplied to any entity that needs it, such as refueling hydrogen-powered vehicles or providing hydrogen to other devices that require it.

[0085] In some examples, the hydrogen storage device 20 can supply hydrogen to the battery 2 in fuel cell mode (the discharge process of battery 2 requires hydrogen). Figure 9 An exemplary system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to Figure 9 The first housing 201 is connected to the inlet of the anode channel 24. For example, the first housing 201 is connected to the inlet of the anode channel 24 through a portion of the pipe 4. When the battery 2 is in fuel cell mode, part of the heat from the battery 2 is transferred to the first flow channel 5 through the gas discharged from the anode channel 24, and the heat storage device 30 is heated by heat exchange between the heat storage device 30 and the first flow channel 5. The heat storage device 30 transfers heat to the hydrogen storage device 20, and the hydrogen released after the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 absorbs heat can enter the anode channel 24 for consumption by the battery 2. That is, the hydrogen storage device 20 absorbs the heat generated by the reaction of the battery 2 and provides hydrogen to the battery 2. This cycle reduces the overall energy consumption of the heat storage device.

[0086] In some examples, the hydrogen produced by battery 2 in electrolysis mode can also be stored in the thermal storage device 30. In order to reduce the impact of liquid water on the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, gas-liquid separation is required in the first flow channel 5. Figure 10 An exemplary system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to Figure 10 The energy storage device 100 also includes a gas-liquid separator 40 and a second flow channel 6. The gas-liquid separator 40 is used to separate gas and liquid. The first flow channel 5 connects the outlet of the anode channel 24 to the gas-liquid separator 40 and exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302. The second flow channel 6 connects the gas-liquid separator 40 and the inlet of the anode channel 24. The first housing 201 of the hydrogen storage device 20 is connected to the second flow channel 6, meaning the hydrogen storage device 20 is connected to the second flow channel 6.

[0087] The gas-liquid separator 40 can separate gas and liquid by condensation. For example, the gas-liquid separator 40 can separate hydrogen and liquid water in the first flow channel 5. The liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator 40 is either directly discharged or recycled for future use, while the gas continues to enter the second flow channel 6.

[0088] For example, when battery 2 is in electrolysis mode, acting as a solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC), the gas (e.g., hydrogen and unreacted water vapor) in the anode channel 24 is discharged and first enters the first flow channel 5. After exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302, the gas in the first flow channel 5 flows into the gas-liquid separator 40, where the liquid (e.g., condensed liquid water) is separated from the gas. The gas after gas-liquid separation (e.g., the remaining hydrogen) enters the heat storage device 30 through the second flow channel 6 for storage, to be consumed by battery 2 in fuel cell mode. Specifically, before storing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 20, the liquid in the first flow channel 5 is condensed and discharged through the gas-liquid separator 40, reducing the impact on the solid hydrogen storage medium 202.

[0089] For example, when battery 2 is in fuel cell mode, acting as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), since the first housing 201 is connected to the second flow channel 6, the hydrogen released by the heating of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 will also enter the anode channel 24 through the second flow channel 6. The gas in the anode channel 24 (e.g., water vapor and unreacted hydrogen) will first enter the first flow channel 5 after being discharged. Before entering the gas-liquid separator 40 for condensation, the gas in the first flow channel 5 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302, enabling the heat storage medium 302 to store the heat generated by battery 2. After exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302, the gas in the first flow channel 5 flows into the gas-liquid separator 40, separating the liquid (e.g., condensed liquid water) from the gas. The separated gas (e.g., the remaining hydrogen) flows back into the anode channel 24 through the second flow channel 6 for continued consumption by battery 2.

[0090] Reference Figure 10 The first flow channel 5, the second flow channel 6, and the anode channel 24 form a loop. To drive the gas (and / or liquid) to circulate within the first flow channel 5, the second flow channel 6, and the anode channel 24, the energy storage device 100 also includes a second drive element 602 (e.g., a pump), which is connected to either the first flow channel 5 or the second flow channel 24. Figure 10 (The diagram shows the second drive unit 602 connected to the second flow channel 6). The second drive unit 602 can drive the gas or liquid in the first flow channel 5, the second flow channel 6 and the anode channel 24 to circulate.

[0091] In some examples, refer to Figure 10 The energy storage device 100 also includes a water tank 90 and a third drive unit 603. Driven by the third drive unit 603 (e.g., a water pump), the water tank 90 supplies water to the battery 2, which is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The water tank 90 and the third drive unit 603 can be located inside a cabinet 1 (the structure of the cabinet 1 is shown in the figure). Figure 1 The water tank 90 and the third drive unit 603 can also be located outside the cabinet 1, or one of the water tank 90 and the third drive unit 603 can be located inside the cabinet 1 and the other outside the cabinet 1. This application does not impose specific limitations on this. In addition, the energy storage device 100 also includes a fourth flow channel 8, which connects the water tank 90 and the second flow channel 6. The third drive unit 603 is connected to the fourth flow channel 8 and is used to drive the water in the water tank 90 to flow into the second flow channel 6 through the fourth flow channel 8, and then into the anode channel 24 through the second flow channel 6, thereby supplying water to the battery 2.

[0092] The second flow channel 6 can contain both water vapor and hydrogen, and the ratio of water vapor to hydrogen is adjusted according to the mode of the battery 2 (electrolysis mode or fuel cell mode). For example, if the battery 2 is in fuel cell mode as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the amount of hydrogen in the second flow channel 6 is increased; if the battery 2 is in electrolysis mode as a solid oxide electrolyzing water battery (SOEC), the amount of water vapor in the second flow channel 6 is increased.

[0093] Figure 11 An exemplary system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to Figure 11 A portion of the first flow channel 5 and a portion of the second flow channel 6 exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302. The method of heat exchange between the portion of the first flow channel 5 and the heat storage medium 302 will not be detailed here. There are also various methods for the portion of the second flow channel 6 to exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302; for example, referring to… Figure 11 The portion of the second flow channel 6 used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 is located within the second shell 301, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency and reducing heat loss during the heat exchange process between the second flow channel 6 and the heat storage medium 302. Alternatively, in some other examples, an additional heat exchange device can be provided to assist in heat exchange between the second flow channel 6 and the heat storage device 30. Furthermore, in some other examples, the first flow channel 5 and the second flow channel 6 can share a heat exchange device for heat exchange with the heat storage device 30.

[0094] Reference Figure 11 The second flow channel 6, which communicates with the first housing 201 (indicated by the hollow arrow S1), is located upstream of the portion of the second flow channel 6 used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 (indicated by the hollow arrow S2). In other words, the hydrogen released from the hydrogen storage device 20 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302 before entering the anode channel 24.

[0095] For example, when battery 2 is not operating, hydrogen storage device 20 can also introduce hydrogen into the second flow channel 6. The gas in the second flow channel 6 re-exchanges heat with the higher-temperature heat storage medium 302, which then heats the gas in the second flow channel 6. The increased gas temperature then flows back into the anode channel 24, raising the temperature of battery 2. After absorbing heat from the anode channel 24 in the cooler parts of battery 2, the temperature of the gas in the anode channel 24 decreases, and it is then discharged from the outlet of the anode channel 24. In this way, battery 2 absorbs heat from the heat storage device 30, reducing the temperature difference between battery 2 in start-up and shutdown states. When battery 2 needs to be started, only a small increase in temperature is needed to reach the start-up temperature of battery 2, shortening the start-up and shutdown time of battery 2.

[0096] Among them, Figure 11 In the example shown, the second flow channel 6 has a higher temperature section and a lower temperature section. For example, the gas in the second flow channel 6 is at a lower temperature immediately after passing through the gas-liquid separator 40, and the gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 40 is at a lower temperature before exchanging heat with the heat storage device 30. Therefore, the section of the second flow channel 6 where heat is exchanged with the heat storage device 30 (the location indicated by the hollow arrow S2) to the gas-liquid separator 40 is the lower temperature section of the second flow channel 6, and the section of the second flow channel 6 where heat is exchanged with the heat storage device 30 (the location indicated by the hollow arrow S2) to the inlet of the anode channel 24 is the higher temperature section of the second flow channel 6.

[0097] Some high-temperature-sensitive devices in the energy storage device 100 can be connected to the lower-temperature section of the second flow channel 6, for example, referring to... Figure 11 The second drive component 602 (e.g., a pump) has poor high-temperature resistance, and a high operating temperature may affect its normal operation. Connecting the second drive component 602 to the second flow channel 6, positioning it downstream of the gas-liquid separator 40 and upstream of the portion of the second flow channel 6 used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 (the location indicated by the hollow arrow S2), places the second drive component 602 in a lower-temperature section of the second flow channel 6, thus reducing its operating temperature and the likelihood of damage.

[0098] For example, the location where the second flow channel 6 connects to the fourth flow channel 8 (indicated by the hollow arrow S3) is upstream of the section of the second flow channel 6 used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 (indicated by the hollow arrow S2). This keeps the ambient temperature of the third drive component 603 lower, reducing the possibility of damage to the third drive component 603.

[0099] The "upstream" and "downstream" mentioned in the above examples can be determined based on the gas flow path, or the following methods can be used as an aid in the determination. For example, if the gas in the first flow channel 5 flows from point a to point b, then point a in the first flow channel 5 is upstream of point b; as another example, if the gas in the second flow channel 6 flows from point c to point d, then point c in the second flow channel 6 is upstream of point d.

[0100] Based on the above judgment method, in Figure 11 In the example shown, the gas in the second flow channel 6 first flows to the second driving member 602, then flows to the position in the second flow channel 6 that communicates with the hydrogen storage device 20 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S1), then flows to the position in the second flow channel 6 that communicates with the fourth flow channel 8 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S3), and then flows to the part of the second flow channel 6 that exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2). Therefore, in... Figure 11 In the example shown, the second drive member 602 is located upstream of the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the hydrogen storage device 20 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S1), the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the hydrogen storage device 20 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S1) is located upstream of the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the fourth flow channel 8 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S3), and the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the fourth flow channel 8 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S3) is located upstream of the portion of the second flow channel 6 for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2).

[0101] In addition, Figure 11 In the example shown, when the battery 2 is not operating, the heat from the heat storage device 30 can be transferred to the battery 2 by hydrogen, by water, or by a combination of hydrogen and water.

[0102] For example, when the battery 2 is not running, the second drive unit 602 is activated and the third drive unit 603 is deactivated. Driven by the second drive unit 602, the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage device 20 can flow in the second flow channel 6 and be heated after flowing through the heat storage device 30. The heated gas enters the anode channel 24 and heats the battery 2.

[0103] For example, when the battery 2 is not running, the third drive unit 603 is activated and the second drive unit 602 is turned off. Driven by the third drive unit 603, the water in the water tank 90 can flow in the second flow channel 6 and be heated after flowing through the heat storage device 30. The heated gas (water vapor) enters the anode channel 24 and heats the battery 2.

[0104] For example, when the battery 2 is not running, both the second drive unit 602 and the third drive unit 603 are activated. Driven by the second drive unit 602 and the third drive unit 603, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 20 and the water in the water tank 90 can flow in the second flow channel 6 and be heated after flowing through the heat storage device 30. The heated gas (water vapor and hydrogen) enters the anode channel 24 and heats the battery 2.

[0105] In other examples, the hydrogen storage device 20 includes a plurality of first housings 201, and each first housing 201 is filled with a solid hydrogen storage medium 202. For example, Figure 12 An exemplary system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to Figure 12 Multiple first housings 201 are connected to the second flow channel 6. When the battery 2 is in electrolysis mode, the hydrogen produced by the battery 2 will be discharged from the anode channel 24 into the first flow channel 5. After exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302, the hydrogen in the first flow channel 5 will be separated into gas and liquid in the gas-liquid separator 40, and then enter the second channel and be stored in multiple first housings 201.

[0106] Reference Figure 12 When battery 2 is in fuel cell mode, in order for the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 in each of the multiple first housings 201 to release hydrogen smoothly, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 in each of the first housings 201 can exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302. For example, the first part 501 of the heat exchange tube 50 is wound around the outside of the multiple first housings 201 (or located inside the multiple first housings 201), and the second part 502 of the heat exchange tube 50 is located inside the second housing 301. Under the drive of the first driving member 601, the heat of the heat storage device 30 is transferred to the multiple first housings 201, and thus heats the solid hydrogen storage medium 202.

[0107] When battery 2 is in fuel cell mode or electrolysis mode, in addition to absorbing the heat from the gas discharged from anode channel 24, in some examples, the heat storage device 30 also absorbs the heat from the gas discharged from cathode channel 25. For example, the gas discharged from cathode channel 25 can also exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302. When battery 2 is in fuel cell mode, as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the discharge process of battery 2 is exothermic, and the gas discharged from cathode channel 25 can also carry away some of the heat from battery 2. For example, when battery 2 is in electrolysis mode, as a solid oxide electrolyzing water battery (SOEC), some of the excess heat generated by battery 2 will be carried away from battery 2 through the gas discharged from anode channel 24, and some will also be carried away from battery 2 through the gas discharged from cathode channel 25. In this case, the gas discharged from both anode channel 24 and cathode channel 25 stores heat in the heat storage device 30 through heat exchange.

[0108] In other words, the heat storage medium 302 exchanges heat with both the gas discharged from the anode channel 24 and the gas discharged from the cathode channel 25, allowing the heat storage device 30 to obtain and store more heat. As a result, the utilization rate of the heat of the battery 2 will be higher, and the heat storage device 30 can provide heat and keep the battery 2 warm for a longer period of time when the battery 2 stops operating.

[0109] The cathode channel 25 can exchange heat with the heat storage device 30 in any suitable manner. In one example, Figure 13 An exemplary system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown, with reference to Figure 13 The energy storage device 100 also includes a third flow channel 7 and a fifth flow channel 9. For example, at least a portion of the third flow channel 7 is formed within the pipe 4, and at least a portion of the fifth flow channel 9 is formed within the pipe 4. The outlet of the cathode channel 25 is connected to the third flow channel 7, and the inlet of the cathode channel 25 is connected to the fifth flow channel 9. The energy storage device 100 also includes a fourth drive member 604, which is connected to the fifth flow channel 9 (or the third flow channel 7). The fourth drive member 604 (e.g., an air pump) is used to drive gas in the cathode channel 25 into the third flow channel 7, wherein a hollow arrow on the third flow channel 7 indicates the direction of gas flow. A portion of the third flow channel 7 is located within the second housing 301, allowing the portion of the third flow channel 7 within the second housing 301 to exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. When the battery 2 is in fuel cell mode or electrolysis mode, the heat storage medium 302 is heated by the gas in the third flow channel 7 (the gas discharged into the third flow channel 7 from the cathode channel 25), which can store more heat from the battery 2 into the heat storage device 30.

[0110] The fourth drive component 604 can be located inside the cabinet 1 (the structure of the cabinet 1 is referenced). Figure 1 The fourth drive unit 604 can also be located outside the cabinet 1, and this application does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0111] In some other examples, the third flow channel 7 can exchange heat with the heat storage device 30 through a heat exchange device, and in such examples, if the first flow channel 5 also needs to exchange heat with the heat storage device 30 through a heat exchange device, the first flow channel 5 and the third flow channel 7 can share the heat exchange device.

[0112] In some examples, the gas in the cathode channel 25 can be air, and the oxygen comes from the air in the cathode channel 25 when the battery 2 needs to consume oxygen in the cathode channel 25.

[0113] In some examples, the energy storage device 100 can monitor the operating mode of the battery 2 (e.g., electrolysis mode, fuel cell mode), various parameters of the battery 2 (e.g., voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery 2), or various parameters of the gas in the pipe 4 (e.g., flow rate, pressure, temperature, etc. of the gas in the pipe 4), and use this information to determine the state of the battery 2 and control the heat exchange between the battery 2 and the heat storage device 30. For example, when the energy storage device 100 is in the second state, the heat storage device 30 will provide heat based on the temperature feedback from the battery 2 and the pipe 4.

[0114] In some examples, the energy storage device 100 of this application can replace a generator. For example, the energy storage device 100 can be used in a diesel generator scenario; for another example, the energy storage device 100 can be used as a backup power source for a data center; for yet another example, the energy storage device 100 can be used as a backup power source for a base station.

[0115] In some examples, the energy storage device 100 of this application can serve as a power source for chemical industrial parks with high heat demand or abundant waste heat, wherein the heat storage device 30 can be connected to the heat demand device or waste heat generation device of the chemical industrial park.

[0116] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The battery is a solid oxide battery, comprising an anode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a cathode layer, wherein the electrolyte layer is located between the anode layer and the cathode layer. The battery also includes an anode channel and a cathode channel, wherein the anode channel is used to guide internal gas to the anode layer, and the cathode channel is used to guide internal gas to the cathode layer. The first flow channel is connected to the outlet of the anode channel; A hydrogen storage device, comprising a first housing and a solid hydrogen storage medium, wherein the solid hydrogen storage medium is located within the first housing and is used to store and release hydrogen. A heat storage device, comprising a second shell and a heat storage medium, wherein the heat storage medium is located inside the second shell, the second shell is connected to a first flow channel, and the heat storage medium inside the second shell exchanges heat with a portion of the first flow channel; A heat exchange tube is provided, and the second shell is connected to the first shell through the heat exchange tube. The heat storage medium in the second shell exchanges heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium in the first shell through the heat exchange tube. The heat exchange tube includes a first part, a second part, and a heat exchange medium. The first part and the second part are connected. The heat exchange medium is located in the first part and the second part. The first part exchanges heat with the first shell, and the second part exchanges heat with the heat storage medium. A first driving member is used to drive the heat exchange medium to circulate between the first part and the second part.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing is connected to the inlet of the anode channel.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes: A gas-liquid separator for separating gas and liquid, wherein the first flow channel connects the outlet of the anode channel to the gas-liquid separator; The second flow channel connects the gas-liquid separator and the inlet of the anode channel, and the first housing is connected to the second flow channel.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second flow channel exchanges heat with the heat storage medium, and the position of the second flow channel that communicates with the first shell is located upstream of the portion of the second flow channel that exchanges heat with the heat storage medium.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The portion of the second flow channel used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium is located inside the second housing.

6. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first part is wrapped around the outside of the first housing or located inside the first housing, and the second part is located inside the second housing.

7. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes a third flow channel, the outlet of the cathode channel is connected to the third flow channel, and a portion of the third flow channel is used for heat exchange with the thermal storage medium.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The portion of the third flow channel used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium is located inside the second housing.

9. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The portion of the first flow channel used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium is located inside the second housing.

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