A battery charge-discharge control device

Abstract

The application relates to a battery charging and discharging control device, which is connected in parallel with a first battery seat and a second battery seat, is favorable for ensuring that a load can continuously work without power failure when a battery is replaced, is favorable for avoiding circuit fire caused by mutual charging of the batteries by turning off a charging MOS tube corresponding to the second battery seat in response to high voltage of a first interface of the second battery seat when the battery is inserted into the first battery seat, and is favorable for ensuring normal power supply of the battery to the load and preventing charging of a high-voltage battery to a low-voltage battery by delaying the turn-on of a discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube corresponding to the first battery seat when the battery on the first battery seat is a high-voltage battery and by turning on the discharging MOS tube corresponding to the first battery seat when the battery on the first battery seat is a low-voltage battery, thereby avoiding circuit fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a battery charge and discharge control device. Background Technology

[0002] As a product of the integration of artificial intelligence and payload technology, robotics research has gradually moved from theoretical exploration to practical application with the development of disciplines such as computer technology, mechanical engineering, and control theory. Today, robotics has become one of the hottest research topics in the field of science and technology. However, the commercialization of robots faces many challenges, especially the issue of how to charge robots and other payloads, which requires in-depth research and discussion on its development path.

[0003] The defects of the existing technology are mainly reflected in two aspects. On the one hand, during the process of replacing the battery inside the load, it cannot be guaranteed that the load will continue to work normally without interruption of power. On the other hand, when replacing the battery inside the load, if a new high-voltage battery is put into the load, the high-voltage battery will charge the low-voltage battery, causing the internal circuit to burn out, which can easily damage the load.

[0004] Therefore, there are still many shortcomings in the existing technology, which cannot safely and effectively charge the load while ensuring that the load is not interrupted by power. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a battery charging and discharging control device to solve the problem in the prior art that it is impossible to safely and effectively charge the load while ensuring that the load is not interrupted by power.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery charging and discharging control device, comprising:

[0007] A battery holder for supplying power to a load when a battery is inserted into the battery holder, the battery holder including a first battery holder and a second battery holder connected in parallel, the battery holder including a first interface and a second interface;

[0008] An external circuit, connected to the battery holder, includes a discharge MOSFET and a charge MOSFET, used to control the discharge MOSFET and charge MOSFET in the external circuit to supply power to the load by detecting the discharge current and voltage of the battery holder;

[0009] When the battery is inserted into the first battery socket, the peripheral circuit responds to the high voltage of the first interface of the second battery socket by turning off the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery socket, so that the battery in the second battery socket cannot be charged.

[0010] When the battery is inserted into the first battery socket, the peripheral circuit responds to the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery socket to delay the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket when the battery in the first battery socket is a high-voltage battery, and to conduct the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket when the battery in the first battery socket is a low-voltage battery, so that the battery in the first battery socket supplies power to the load.

[0011] Optionally, the battery holder further includes a load holder, the load holder includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal, and the first battery holder and the second battery holder include their corresponding third interface, fourth interface and fifth interface;

[0012] The first interface of the first battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the second battery holder;

[0013] The first interface of the second battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the first battery holder;

[0014] The third interface of the first battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the first battery holder;

[0015] The third interface of the second battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the second battery holder;

[0016] The third interface of the first battery holder is connected to the positive terminal of the load holder;

[0017] The third interface of the second battery holder is connected to the positive terminal of the load holder;

[0018] The fifth interface of the first battery holder is connected to the negative terminal of the load holder;

[0019] The fifth interface of the second battery holder is connected to the negative terminal of the load holder;

[0020] The first end of the discharge MOSFET is connected to the positive terminal of the load socket, the second end is connected to the first end of the charging MOSFET, and the third end is connected to the first end of the battery management unit.

[0021] The second terminal of the charging MOSFET is connected to the negative terminal of the load socket, and the third terminal is connected to the second terminal of the battery management unit.

[0022] Optionally, in response to a high voltage at the first interface of the second battery holder, the peripheral circuit turns off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery holder, so that the battery in the second battery holder cannot be charged, including:

[0023] The third interface of the first battery holder is short-circuited with its own fourth interface, and the fourth interface of the first battery holder outputs a high level.

[0024] The first interface of the second battery holder responds to the high level of the fourth interface of the first battery holder and transmits the high level to the third terminal of the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery holder;

[0025] When the third terminal of the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket responds to the high level, it turns off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket, so that the battery in the second battery socket cannot be charged.

[0026] Optionally, the second interface of the first battery holder is connected to the peripheral circuit;

[0027] The second interface of the second battery holder is connected to the peripheral circuit;

[0028] The peripheral circuit responds to the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder by delaying the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and charging MOSFET corresponding to the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, and turning on the discharge MOSFET corresponding to the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery, so that the battery in the first battery holder supplies power to the load, including:

[0029] The peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, it outputs a first control signal and delays the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the high-voltage battery of the first battery holder supplies power to the load.

[0030] The peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery, it outputs a second control signal to turn on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the low-voltage battery in the first battery holder supplies power to the load and prevents the low-voltage battery from being charged.

[0031] Optionally, the peripheral circuitry may further include a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit;

[0032] The first end of the microcontroller unit is connected to the second interface of the first battery holder and the second interface of the second battery holder, and the second end is connected to the first end of the battery management unit.

[0033] The second terminal of the battery management unit is connected to the third terminal of the discharge MOSFET, and the third terminal is connected to the third terminal of the charge MOSFET.

[0034] The peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, it outputs a first control signal, delaying the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and charging MOSFET corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the high-voltage battery inserted into the first battery holder supplies power to the load, including:

[0035] The first terminal of the microcontroller unit sends a first control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder when the battery inserted in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery. The first control signal is a signal that delays the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder.

[0036] The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the first control signal, and the second terminal of the battery management unit delays the output of the discharge MOSFET voltage and the charge MOSFET voltage, and delays the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and the charge MOSFET corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the high-voltage battery supplies power to the load through the first battery socket.

[0037] Optionally, the peripheral circuitry may further include a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit;

[0038] The peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery, it outputs a second control signal to turn on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the low-voltage battery inserted in the first battery holder supplies power to the load and prevents the low-voltage battery from being charged, including:

[0039] The microcontroller unit sends a second control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery. The second control signal is a signal to turn on the discharge MOS transistor of the first battery holder.

[0040] The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the second control signal, and the second terminal of the battery management unit outputs the discharge MOS transistor voltage to turn on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the low-voltage battery supplies power to the load through the first battery socket and prevents the low-voltage battery from being charged.

[0041] Optionally, the peripheral circuitry may further include a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit;

[0042] The third terminal of the microcontroller unit is connected to the third terminal of the charging MOS transistor;

[0043] When the battery management unit malfunctions, the first terminal of the microcontroller unit responds to the discharge current of the second interface of the battery socket, and the third terminal of the microcontroller unit outputs the voltage of the charging MOSFET and transmits the voltage of the charging MOSFET to the third terminal of the charging MOSFET.

[0044] The third terminal of the charging MOSFET responds to the voltage required to turn on the charging MOSFET and turns on the charging MOSFET.

[0045] Optionally, the peripheral circuit includes a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit. When the battery power of the first battery holder and the battery power of the second battery holder are both below a preset threshold and cannot supply power to the load, power is supplied to the load through an external power source.

[0046] When the charge of the battery in the first battery holder is greater than the charge of the battery in the second battery holder, the microcontroller unit sends a third control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. The third control signal is a signal to turn off the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder.

[0047] The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the third control signal and outputs a voltage to turn off the discharge MOS transistor.

[0048] The third terminal of the discharge MOS transistor responds to the voltage of the discharge MOS transistor to turn off the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the external power supply can charge the battery on the first battery socket.

[0049] Optionally, the microcontroller unit sends a fourth control signal to the battery management unit, the fourth control signal being a signal to turn on the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery socket;

[0050] The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the fourth control signal and outputs the voltage to turn on the charging MOS transistor.

[0051] The third terminal of the charging MOSFET responds to the voltage of the conducting charging MOSFET to turn on the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket, and the charger charges the battery on the second battery socket.

[0052] Optionally, the battery charging and discharging control device is a device independently disposed outside the load to charge the load, or the battery charging and discharging control device is disposed inside the load to charge the load.

[0053] This application relates to a battery charging and discharging control device. The device uses a first battery holder and a second battery holder connected in parallel, which helps ensure uninterrupted power supply to the load when the battery is replaced. When a battery is inserted into the first battery holder, the external circuit responds to the high voltage at the first interface of the second battery holder by turning off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery holder, thus preventing cross-charging of batteries and potential circuit fires. Furthermore, the external circuit responds to the discharge current at the second interface of the first battery holder by delaying the conduction of the discharge and charging MOSFETs corresponding to the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, and turning on the discharge MOSFET corresponding to the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery. This ensures normal power supply to the load from the battery and prevents high-voltage batteries from charging low-voltage batteries, thus avoiding circuit fires. Attached Figure Description

[0054] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0056] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the battery charging and discharging control device provided in this application;

[0058] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the battery charge / discharge control device provided in this application connected to a load;

[0059] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the battery charge / discharge control device provided in this application;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the battery charge / discharge control device provided in this application connected to a load. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0063] To address the problems in the prior art, this application provides a battery charging and discharging control device.

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the battery charge / discharge control device provided in this application. The device includes:

[0065] A battery holder for supplying power to a load when a battery is inserted into the battery holder, the battery holder including a first battery holder and a second battery holder connected in parallel, the battery holder including a first interface and a second interface;

[0066] An external circuit, connected to the battery holder, includes a discharge MOSFET and a charge MOSFET, used to control the discharge MOSFET and charge MOSFET in the external circuit to supply power to the load by detecting the discharge current and voltage of the battery holder;

[0067] When the battery is inserted into the first battery socket, the peripheral circuit responds to the high voltage of the first interface of the second battery socket by turning off the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery socket, so that the battery in the second battery socket cannot be charged.

[0068] When the battery is inserted into the first battery socket, the peripheral circuit responds to the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery socket to delay the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket when the battery in the first battery socket is a high-voltage battery, and to conduct the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket when the battery in the first battery socket is a low-voltage battery, so that the battery in the first battery socket supplies power to the load.

[0069] In the embodiments of this application, the load can be a chargeable load terminal in various fields such as robots and electric vehicles, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0070] In this embodiment, the battery holder, also referred to as a battery box, battery compartment, or battery socket, is a key component in electronic devices used to secure the battery and provide electrical connection, typically existing in the form of a male and female connector. In this embodiment, an external battery supplies power to the load by inserting into the battery holder. Existing technologies typically use a single battery to power the load. When the battery is depleted and replaced with a new one, the load is directly disconnected from power because only a single battery provides power. However, to prevent power loss during battery replacement, this embodiment requires two batteries connected in parallel to jointly supply power to the load. Therefore, this application also requires two corresponding battery holders: a first battery holder and a second battery holder. It should be noted that the internal structures of the first and second battery holders are identical, and the parallel connection of the first and second battery holders enables the two batteries to jointly supply power to the load.

[0071] In one possible implementation, the battery holder of the battery charging and discharging control device also includes a load holder. The load holder, typically referring to a load base, is a key component of the load architecture. It generally consists of core components such as a chassis, motor, and driver, providing a stable foundation for the load, enabling it to move, position, and perform tasks freely. The load holder includes positive and negative terminals and two signal interfaces. CAN-H and CAN-L are two different signal lines in the CAN bus. The CAN bus is a serial communication protocol. CAN-H is the high-level signal line in the CAN bus, with a voltage range of 2.5V to 3.3V, while CAN-L is the low-level signal line, with a voltage range of 0V to 0.5V. Communication in the CAN bus is transmitted via differential signals between CAN-H and CAN-L. When CAN-H is high, CAN-L is low, and vice versa. Differential signal transmission effectively reduces signal interference and noise, improving signal reliability and anti-interference capability. In other embodiments, an RS-485 serial bus or serial communication can also be used as the signal lines.

[0072] Optionally, the battery holder further includes a load holder, the load holder including a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The first battery holder and the second battery holder include corresponding first, second, third, fourth, and fifth interfaces. The first interface of the first battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the second battery holder; the first interface of the second battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the first battery holder; the third interface of the first battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the first battery holder; the third interface of the second battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the second battery holder; the third interface of the first battery holder is connected to the positive terminal of the load holder; the third interface of the second battery holder is connected to the positive terminal of the load holder; the fifth interface of the first battery holder is connected to the negative terminal of the load holder; and the fifth interface of the second battery holder is connected to the negative terminal of the load holder.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the battery charging and discharging control device provided in this application. Each battery holder includes seven interfaces. In this embodiment, A1-A7 represent the first to seventh interfaces of the first battery holder, and B1-B7 represent the first to seventh interfaces of the second battery holder. When no load is connected, A6, A7, B2, B6, and B7 are respectively connected to the microcontroller unit, B1 is connected to the gate of the charging MOSFET, A3, A4, B3, and B4 are used to connect to the positive terminal of the load holder, and A5 and B5 are used to connect to the negative terminal of the load holder.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, when connected to the load socket, the following schemes can be used: A1 is connected to B4, B1 is connected to A4, A2 and A3 are connected, B2 and B3 are connected, A3 and B3 are connected to the positive terminal of the load socket, A5 and B5 are connected to the negative terminal of the load socket, A6 and B6 can be connected to the microcontroller unit through the CAN-H signal interface on the load socket, and A7 and B7 can be connected to the microcontroller unit through the CAN-L signal interface on the load socket.

[0075] In this embodiment, each interface has a different function. The first interface is used to sense a high level to turn off the charging MOSFET, the second interface is used to sense the discharge current, the third interface is used to connect to the positive terminal, the fourth interface is a detection socket used to detect relevant parameters, the fifth interface is used to connect to the negative terminal, the sixth interface is used to connect to the CAN-H signal interface via the CAN-H signal line to transmit signals, and the seventh interface is used to connect to the CAN-L signal interface via the CAN-L signal line to transmit signals.

[0076] In this embodiment, the peripheral circuit includes a discharge MOSFET and a charge MOSFET for connection to the battery socket. By detecting the discharge current and voltage of the interface on the battery socket, the discharge MOSFET and charge MOSFET in the peripheral circuit are controlled to be turned on or off.

[0077] Optionally, the first end of the discharge MOSFET is connected to the positive terminal of the load socket, and the second end is connected to the first end of the charging MOSFET; the second end of the charging MOSFET is connected to the negative terminal of the load socket.

[0078] The fourth interface of the first battery holder outputs a high level; the first interface of the second battery holder responds to the high level of the fourth interface of the first battery holder and transmits the high level to the third terminal of the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery holder; the third terminal of the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery holder responds to the high level and turns off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery holder, so that the battery of the second battery holder cannot be charged.

[0079] In practical applications, due to different factory settings, the initial voltages of two parallel batteries may differ, or their discharge rates may differ when they discharge simultaneously to the load, ultimately resulting in different charge levels—one high and one low. In another scenario, when the parallel batteries within the load fall below a preset charge threshold, both batteries are about to run out of power and cannot supply power to the load. In this embodiment, one battery needs to be removed and replaced with a new one. The newly replaced battery has a high charge level, while the battery still inside the load has a low charge level, again creating a high-charge and low-charge situation. For a battery, the higher its charge level, the higher its voltage when connected to the circuit. Because of the presence of a high-charge and a low-charge battery, the high-voltage, high-charge battery will charge the low-voltage, low-charge battery. If the charge levels of the two batteries are similar (i.e., their voltages are similar), they will charge each other. Both charging scenarios can cause a circuit fire, damaging the internal circuitry of the load.

[0080] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, all high-voltage batteries and low-voltage batteries refer only to two batteries connected in parallel. The battery with relatively high capacity is a high-voltage battery, and the battery with relatively low capacity is a low-capacity battery. There is no explicit definition of the threshold for high and low battery capacity.

[0081] It should be noted that, since the first and second battery holders are identical, when a battery is inserted into either holder, the external circuit will detect the discharge current and voltage at the interface on the battery holder, as per claim 1. Figure 1Taking the case where the battery is inserted into the first battery socket as an example, the peripheral circuit responds to the high voltage of the first interface of the second battery socket by turning off the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery socket, so that the battery inserted into the second battery socket cannot be charged.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The second embodiment of the battery charging and discharging control device provided in this application is illustrated in the following: when no load is connected, A6, A7, A2, B6, and B7 are respectively connected to the microcontroller unit, A1 is connected to the gate of the charging MOSFET, A3, A4, B3, and B4 are used to connect to the positive terminal of the load holder, and A5 and B5 are used to connect to the negative terminal of the load holder.

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, when connected to the load socket, the following schemes can be used: A1 is connected to B4, B1 is connected to A4, A2 and A3 are connected, B2 and B3 are connected, A3 and B3 are connected to the positive terminal of the load socket, A5 and B5 are connected to the negative terminal of the load socket, A6 and B6 can be connected to the microcontroller unit through the CAN-H signal interface on the load socket, and A7 and B7 can be connected to the microcontroller unit through the CAN-L signal interface on the load socket.

[0084] Taking the battery being inserted into the second battery socket as an example, when the battery is inserted into the second battery socket, the peripheral circuit responds to the high voltage of the first interface of the first battery socket and turns off the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the battery in the first battery socket cannot be charged.

[0085] For example, the batteries inside the load are A1 and B1. A1 is inserted into the first battery holder, and B1 is inserted into the second battery holder. Since batteries A1 and B1 are depleted, batteries A2 and B2 from outside the load need to replace them. First, remove either A1 or B1 and replace one with either A2 or B2. For example, remove battery A1 from the first battery holder and replace it with A2. Since A2 is a new battery, and B1 in the second battery holder is an old battery that hasn't been removed from the load, A2 has a higher charge than B1. Therefore, the voltage across A2 is higher than the voltage across B1. Thus, A2 in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, and B1 in the second battery holder is a low-voltage battery. In existing technology, the high-voltage battery A2 can charge the low-voltage battery B1, causing a circuit fire.

[0086] In view of this, this application provides an interlocking scheme. When replacing a battery, when an external high-voltage battery is first connected to any battery holder, the voltage of the first interface of the battery holder is detected by the peripheral circuit. If the new battery is found to be powered on, the charging MOSFET corresponding to the other battery holder in the peripheral circuit will be turned off to prevent the new battery from charging the low-charge battery in the other existing battery holder through the parallel connection between the battery holder and the other battery holder. At the same time, the peripheral circuit will also turn off the charging MOSFET of the other battery holder according to the voltage of the first interface of the other battery holder to prevent the old battery from charging the new battery due to the small voltage difference between the new battery and the existing old battery. Therefore, when the battery is connected to the battery holder, the interlocking scheme is not implemented. When a battery is connected to the first battery socket, the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket is turned off by detecting the high level of the first interface of the second battery socket. When a battery is connected to the second battery socket, the charging MOSFET corresponding to the first battery socket is turned off by detecting the high level of the first interface of the first battery socket. This achieves interlocking between the first and second battery sockets, turning off the charging MOSFETs corresponding to both battery sockets, and preventing mutual charging of batteries from causing a circuit fire and damaging the internal circuit of the load.

[0087] Specifically, the interlock between the first and second battery holders occurs because the third and fourth interfaces of the first battery holder are short-circuited when powered on. Due to this short circuit, the short-circuit voltage at the fourth interface is high. Since the fourth interface of the first battery holder is connected to the first interface of the second battery holder, the first interface of the second battery holder also senses a high level. The first interface of the second battery holder is connected to the gate of its corresponding charging MOSFET. In this embodiment, the charging MOSFET is a P-channel MOSFET. When the gate voltage of the P-channel MOSFET exceeds a preset high voltage, the charging MOSFET is turned off, thereby shutting off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery holder, preventing the battery on the second battery holder from being charged.

[0088] Similarly, the third and fourth interfaces of the second battery holder are short-circuited when powered on. Due to the short circuit between the third and fourth interfaces, the short-circuit voltage at the fourth interface is high. Since the fourth interface of the second battery holder is connected to the first interface of the first battery holder, the first interface of the first battery holder is also induced to be high. The first interface of the first battery holder is connected to the gate of its corresponding charging MOS transistor. In this embodiment, the charging MOS transistor is a P-channel MOS transistor. When the gate voltage of the P-channel MOS transistor is greater than the preset high voltage, the charging MOS transistor is turned off, thereby turning off the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the battery on the first battery holder cannot be charged.

[0089] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, A3 and A4 of the first battery socket are shorted when powered on, so A4 is at a high level due to the short circuit. Since A4 is connected to B1 of the second battery socket, B1 also responds with a high level. B1 is connected to the gate of the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket in the external circuit. The charging MOSFET is a P-channel charging MOSFET. When the gate voltage is higher than a preset voltage, the charging MOSFET is turned off, thus turning off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket. Similarly, B3 and B4 of the second battery socket are shorted when powered on, so B4 is at a high level due to the short circuit. Since B4 is connected to A1 of the first battery socket, A1 also responds with a high level. A1 is connected to the gate of the charging MOSFET corresponding to the first battery socket in the external circuit. The charging MOSFET is a P-channel charging MOSFET. When the gate voltage is higher than a preset voltage, the charging MOSFET is turned off, thus turning off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the first battery socket.

[0090] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, since the first battery holder and the second battery holder are exactly the same, A1 can also be inserted into the second battery holder, and B1 can also be inserted into the first battery holder; no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0091] In this embodiment, when the battery is first inserted into the battery holder, the voltage needs to be detected through the first interface to interlock the first battery holder and the second battery holder. After turning off the charging MOS transistors corresponding to the first battery holder and the second battery holder to prevent mutual charging, the discharging MOS transistors corresponding to the first battery holder and the second battery holder also need to be turned on so that the battery can supply power to the load through the first battery holder and the second battery holder. This section will take the first battery holder as an example and introduce two cases.

[0092] Turning on the charging and discharging MOSFETs requires an external circuit to determine the charge level of the battery inserted in the battery holder. Since the discharging and charging MOSFETs are corresponding to the battery holders, the external circuit turns on the charging and discharging MOSFETs corresponding to the first battery holder by detecting the discharge current on the second interface of the first battery holder. Similarly, it turns on the charging and discharging MOSFETs corresponding to the second battery holder by detecting the discharge current on the second interface of the second battery holder. Therefore, this embodiment uses the first battery holder as an example, but the principle applies to the second battery holder as well, and it is also necessary to first determine the charge level of the battery inserted in the battery holder.

[0093] The second interface of the first battery holder is connected to the peripheral circuit; the second interface of the second battery holder is connected to the peripheral circuit.

[0094] In the first scenario: the peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, it outputs a first control signal and delays the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the high-voltage battery of the first battery holder supplies power to the load.

[0095] In the second scenario: the peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery, it outputs a second control signal to turn on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the low-voltage battery in the first battery holder supplies power to the load and prevents the low-voltage battery from being charged.

[0096] Specifically, in the case of a high-voltage battery inserted into the first battery holder, the peripheral circuit further includes a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit; the first end of the microcontroller unit is connected to the second interface of the first battery holder and the second interface of the second battery holder, and the second end is connected to the first end of the battery management unit; the second end of the battery management unit is connected to the third end of the discharge MOSFET, and the third end is connected to the third end of the charge MOSFET.

[0097] The first terminal of the microcontroller unit sends a first control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder when the battery inserted in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery. The first control signal is a signal that delays the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder.

[0098] The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the first control signal, and the second terminal of the battery management unit delays the output of the discharge MOSFET voltage and the charge MOSFET voltage, and delays the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and the charge MOSFET corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the high-voltage battery supplies power to the load through the first battery socket.

[0099] In this embodiment, the peripheral circuit includes a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit. The microcontroller unit can be an MCU processor. An MCU is a single-chip computer system that integrates a processor core, memory, and peripheral interfaces. The MCU processor also supports the CAN protocol, which is a bus-based communication protocol used for data communication between control units. In this application, it is used to output control signals to the battery control unit when the discharge current and voltage of the battery socket are detected.

[0100] The battery control unit can be an AFE chip, which is a special-purpose integrated circuit for processing analog signals. The AFE chip carries a BMS (Battery Management System), an electronic system for monitoring, managing and protecting the battery. When the BMS system receives the control signal from CAN, it outputs a turn-on or turn-off voltage to turn on or off the charging MOSFET and discharging MOSFET connected to the AFE chip.

[0101] When the microcontroller unit simultaneously detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder, and the battery inserted in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, it outputs a first control signal and sends it to the AFE chip. The AFE chip responds to the first control signal by delaying the output of the discharge MOSFET voltage and the charging MOSFET voltage. The gates of the discharge MOSFET and the charging MOSFET act on these voltages, delaying the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and the charging MOSFET corresponding to the first battery holder. Delaying the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and the charging MOSFET corresponding to the high-voltage battery holder helps ensure that the battery can normally supply power to the load and dissipate heat, thus extending battery life.

[0102] Specifically, in the case of a second type of low-voltage battery inserted into the first battery holder, the microcontroller unit sends a second control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery. The second control signal is a signal to turn on the discharge MOS transistor of the first battery holder.

[0103] The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the second control signal, and the second terminal of the battery management unit outputs the discharge MOS transistor voltage to turn on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the low-voltage battery supplies power to the load through the first battery socket and prevents the low-voltage battery from being charged.

[0104] In this embodiment, when the microcontroller unit simultaneously detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder, and the battery inserted in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, it outputs a second control signal and sends the second control signal to the AFE chip. The AFE chip, in response to the second control signal, only outputs the voltage to turn on the discharge MOS transistor. The gate of the discharge MOS transistor acts on the voltage to turn on the discharge MOS transistor, thus turning on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder. Directly turning on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the battery holder where a low-voltage battery is inserted, while not turning on the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the battery holder where a low-voltage battery is inserted, helps ensure that the battery supplies power to the load while preventing the high-voltage battery from charging the low-voltage battery, thus avoiding circuit fire and damage to the load.

[0105] In one possible implementation, the third terminal of the microcontroller unit is connected to the third terminal of the charging MOSFET; when the battery management unit malfunctions, the first terminal of the microcontroller unit responds to the discharge current of the second interface of the battery socket, the third terminal of the microcontroller unit outputs the voltage to turn on the charging MOSFET, and transmits the voltage to the third terminal of the charging MOSFET; the third terminal of the charging MOSFET responds to the voltage to turn on the charging MOSFET.

[0106] When the BMS system of the AFE chip malfunctions, the microcontroller unit of the peripheral circuit also includes a dual-battery charging control port. This port outputs a power-on charging MOSFET to control the discharge MOSFET. The first terminal of the microcontroller unit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the battery holder and outputs a power-on charging MOSFET voltage via the CAN protocol. This voltage is then transmitted to the gate of the charging MOSFET, which in turn turns on in response. This allows the battery to power the load normally when the BMS system of the AFE chip malfunctions, thanks to the dual-battery charging control port within the microcontroller unit.

[0107] In another possible implementation, the peripheral circuit also includes a pre-discharge MOSFET. When the battery is connected to the battery socket and powered on, the pre-discharge MOSFET remains on. Only when the pre-discharge MOSFET remains on can the discharge current be detected in the peripheral circuit. In this embodiment, the discharge MOSFET that is turned on and off is the main discharge MOSFET, and the pre-discharge MOSFET remains on to ensure that the discharge current can be detected in the peripheral circuit.

[0108] Another possible implementation method, in this embodiment of the application, is to provide a charging method when the two parallel batteries supplying power to the load are depleted. Instead of removing the batteries from the first and second battery holders and replacing them with new ones, the charger connects the first and second battery holders to charge the batteries in the first and second battery holders. At the same time, in order to prevent the battery discharge rate from exceeding the charging rate during the charging process, which would cause the load to stop working due to power failure, the charger will simultaneously supply power to the load to ensure that the load continues to work while the battery is being charged.

[0109] Specifically, when the battery power in the first battery holder and the battery power in the second battery holder are both below a preset threshold and cannot supply power to the load, and power is supplied to the load through an external power source;

[0110] When the charge of the battery in the first battery holder is greater than the charge of the battery in the second battery holder, the microcontroller unit sends a third control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. The third control signal is a signal to turn off the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder.

[0111] The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the third control signal and outputs a voltage to turn off the discharge MOS transistor.

[0112] The third terminal of the discharge MOS transistor responds to the voltage of the discharge MOS transistor to turn off the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the external power supply can charge the battery on the first battery socket.

[0113] Furthermore, the microcontroller unit sends a fourth control signal to the battery management unit, the fourth control signal being a signal to turn on the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery socket;

[0114] The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the fourth control signal and outputs the voltage to turn on the charging MOS transistor.

[0115] The third terminal of the charging MOSFET responds to the voltage of the conducting charging MOSFET to turn on the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket, and the charger charges the battery on the second battery socket.

[0116] In this embodiment, the charger first charges the high-voltage battery. Since only the charging MOSFET of the high-voltage battery's socket is turned on when both batteries are discharging to the load in parallel, the charging MOSFET of the low-voltage battery's socket is turned off to prevent it from being charged. Therefore, the microcontroller unit outputs a third control signal to first turn off the discharge MOSFET of the high-voltage battery's socket and allow the charger to charge the high-voltage battery. When the high-voltage battery reaches a preset charge level, the microcontroller unit outputs a fourth control signal to turn on the charging MOSFET of the low-voltage battery's socket to charge the low-voltage battery. Simultaneously, the turning off of the discharge MOSFET prevents the high-voltage battery from charging the low-voltage battery, effectively preventing circuit fires caused by mutual charging. When the low-voltage battery reaches the same charge level as the high-voltage battery, both batteries' charging MOSFETs are turned on simultaneously, and the charger charges both batteries until they are fully charged.

[0117] It should be noted that the battery charging and discharging control device in this application can be a device that is independently set outside the load to charge the load, or it can be a device that is set inside the load to charge the load; no specific limitation is made here.

[0118] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0119] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented using software plus a general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, using hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the parts that contribute to the related technology, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0120] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0121] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A battery charging and discharging control device, characterized in that, The device includes: A battery holder for supplying power to a load when a battery is inserted into the battery holder, the battery holder including a first battery holder and a second battery holder connected in parallel, the battery holder including a first interface and a second interface; An external circuit, connected to the battery holder, includes a discharge MOSFET and a charge MOSFET, used to control the discharge MOSFET and charge MOSFET in the external circuit to supply power to the load by detecting the discharge current and voltage of the battery holder; When the battery is inserted into the first battery socket, the peripheral circuit responds to the high voltage of the first interface of the second battery socket by turning off the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery socket, so that the battery in the second battery socket cannot be charged. When the battery is inserted into the first battery socket, the peripheral circuit responds to the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery socket to delay the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket when the battery in the first battery socket is a high-voltage battery, and to conduct the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket when the battery in the first battery socket is a low-voltage battery, so that the battery in the first battery socket supplies power to the load.

2. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery holder also includes a load holder, which includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The first battery holder and the second battery holder include their corresponding third interface, fourth interface and fifth interface. The peripheral circuit also includes a battery management unit. The first interface of the first battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the second battery holder; The first interface of the second battery holder is connected to the fourth interface of the first battery holder; The third interface of the first battery holder is connected to the positive terminal of the load holder; The third interface of the second battery holder is connected to the positive terminal of the load holder; The fifth interface of the first battery holder is connected to the negative terminal of the load holder; The fifth interface of the second battery holder is connected to the negative terminal of the load holder; The first end of the discharge MOSFET is connected to the positive terminal of the load socket, the second end is connected to the first end of the charging MOSFET, and the third end is connected to the first end of the battery management unit. The second terminal of the charging MOSFET is connected to the negative terminal of the load socket, and the third terminal is connected to the second terminal of the battery management unit.

3. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The peripheral circuit, in response to a high voltage at the first interface of the second battery holder, turns off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery holder, so that the battery in the second battery holder cannot be charged, including: The fourth interface of the first battery holder outputs a high level; The first interface of the second battery holder responds to the high level of the fourth interface of the first battery holder and transmits the high level to the third terminal of the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery holder; When the third terminal of the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket responds to the high level, it turns off the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket, so that the battery in the second battery socket cannot be charged.

4. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second interface of the first battery holder is connected to the peripheral circuit; The second interface of the second battery holder is connected to the peripheral circuit; The peripheral circuit responds to the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder by delaying the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and charging MOSFET corresponding to the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, and turning on the discharge MOSFET corresponding to the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery, so that the battery in the first battery holder supplies power to the load, including: The peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, it outputs a first control signal and delays the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the high-voltage battery of the first battery holder supplies power to the load. The peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery, it outputs a second control signal to turn on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the low-voltage battery in the first battery holder supplies power to the load and prevents the low-voltage battery from being charged.

5. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The peripheral circuitry also includes a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit; The first end of the microcontroller unit is connected to the second interface of the first battery holder and the second interface of the second battery holder, and the second end is connected to the first end of the battery management unit. The second terminal of the battery management unit is connected to the third terminal of the discharge MOS transistor, and the third terminal is connected to the third terminal of the charge MOS transistor. The peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery, it outputs a first control signal, delaying the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and charging MOSFET corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the high-voltage battery of the first battery holder supplies power to the load, including: The first terminal of the microcontroller unit sends a first control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder when the battery inserted in the first battery holder is a high-voltage battery. The first control signal is a signal that delays the conduction of the discharge MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder. The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the first control signal, and the second terminal of the battery management unit delays the output of the discharge MOSFET voltage and the charge MOSFET voltage, and delays the conduction of the discharge MOSFET and the charge MOSFET corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the high-voltage battery supplies power to the load through the first battery socket.

6. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The peripheral circuitry also includes a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit; The peripheral circuit detects the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. When the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery, it outputs a second control signal to turn on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder, so that the low-voltage battery inserted in the first battery holder supplies power to the load and prevents the low-voltage battery from being charged, including: The microcontroller unit sends a second control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder when the battery in the first battery holder is a low-voltage battery. The second control signal is a signal to turn on the discharge MOS transistor of the first battery holder. The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the second control signal, and the second terminal of the battery management unit outputs the discharge MOS transistor voltage to turn on the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the low-voltage battery supplies power to the load through the first battery socket and prevents the low-voltage battery from being charged.

7. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peripheral circuitry also includes a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit; The third terminal of the microcontroller unit is connected to the third terminal of the charging MOS transistor; When the battery management unit malfunctions, the first terminal of the microcontroller unit responds to the discharge current of the second interface of the battery socket, and the third terminal of the microcontroller unit outputs the voltage of the charging MOSFET and transmits the voltage of the charging MOSFET to the third terminal of the charging MOSFET. The third terminal of the charging MOSFET responds to the voltage required to turn on the charging MOSFET and turns on the charging MOSFET.

8. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peripheral circuit includes a microcontroller unit and a battery management unit. When the battery power of the first battery holder and the battery power of the second battery holder are both below a preset threshold and cannot supply power to the load, the load is supplied with power through an external power source. When the charge of the battery in the first battery holder is greater than the charge of the battery in the second battery holder, the microcontroller unit sends a third control signal to the battery management unit based on the discharge current of the second interface of the first battery holder. The third control signal is a signal to turn off the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery holder. The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the third control signal and outputs a voltage to turn off the discharge MOS transistor. The third terminal of the discharge MOS transistor responds to the voltage of the discharge MOS transistor to turn off the discharge MOS transistor corresponding to the first battery socket, so that the external power supply can charge the battery on the first battery socket.

9. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The microcontroller unit sends a fourth control signal to the battery management unit, the fourth control signal being a signal to turn on the charging MOS transistor corresponding to the second battery socket; The first terminal of the battery management unit responds to the fourth control signal and outputs the voltage to turn on the charging MOS transistor. The third terminal of the charging MOSFET responds to the voltage of the conducting charging MOSFET to turn on the charging MOSFET corresponding to the second battery socket, and the charger charges the battery on the second battery socket.

10. The battery charging and discharging control device according to claims 1-9, characterized in that, The battery charging and discharging control device is either independently located outside the load to charge the load, or it is located inside the load to charge the load.

Images