Spiral membrane element and end member for spiral membrane element

Abstract

Provided is a spiral membrane element suitable for improving adhesion between an end member and an exterior member. A spiral membrane element (100) is provided with an element main body (10), an end member (20), and an exterior material (30). The end member (20) is provided with a main body section (21) having a first convex section (22), and a skirt section (25) positioned between the element main body (10) and the exterior member (30), and satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (1)-(3). (1) The first protruding portion (22) has a cutout portion (221), and a portion of the exterior material (30) enters at least a portion of the cutout portion (221). (2) The skirt section (25) has a hole (251) and / or a through-hole (252), and a portion of the exterior material (30) enters at least a portion of the hole (251) and / or the through-hole (252). (3) The first convex portion (22) has a recessed portion (222), and a portion of the exterior material (30) enters at least a portion of the recessed portion (222).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a spiral membrane element and an end member for the spiral membrane element. Background Art

[0002] As a method for separating acidic gases from mixed gases containing acidic gases such as carbon dioxide, membrane separation has been developed. Compared with absorption methods in which acidic gases contained in mixed gases are absorbed by absorbents for separation, membrane separation methods can efficiently separate acidic gases while suppressing running costs.

[0003] For example, a spiral membrane element is used in the membrane separation method. The spiral membrane element has an element body including a central tube and a membrane leaf wound around the central tube, and an outer casing covering the outer peripheral surface of the element body. The membrane leaf has a separation membrane. The outer casing is formed of a material that does not allow fluid to pass through.

[0004] During operation, the raw gas is supplied at high pressure to the end surface of the spiral membrane element. Therefore, due to the axial pressure from the raw gas, the wound body of the membrane leaf sometimes protrudes from the element body in a sleeve-like manner, which is called telescope phenomenon.

[0005] In order to suppress the telescoping phenomenon, a technique of attaching an end member to one or both ends of a spiral membrane element in the axial direction is known (for example, Patent Document 1). The end member is also called an anti-telescoping member, an anti-telescoping piece, or the like.

[0006] As an end member, an end member having an annular skirt portion disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the element body and the exterior member is proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). Figure 2 ) In the spiral membrane element using such an end member, the element body and the end member are fixed by bonding the skirt portion to a part of the exterior member.

[0007] Prior art literature

[0008] Patent Literature

[0009] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2000-354742 Summary of the invention

[0010] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0011] However, the spiral membrane element is usually used in a state of being stored in a pressure-resistant container. The spiral membrane element is configured to be detachable relative to the pressure-resistant container. In a spiral membrane element using an end member having a skirt, when the spiral membrane element is removed from the pressure-resistant container, the outer member may be broken or torn at the bonding portion between the skirt of the end member and the outer member, thereby generating cracks on the outer member. There is room for improvement in the adhesion between the end member and the outer member.

[0012] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a spiral membrane element including an end member suitable for improving adhesion between the end member and an exterior member, and an end member for a spiral membrane element.

[0013] Means for solving problems

[0014] The present invention provides a spiral membrane element, which comprises:

[0015] An element body, which includes a central tube and a membrane leaf having a separation membrane and wound around the central tube;

[0016] an end member disposed at one or both ends of the element body in the axial direction; and

[0017] an exterior member that covers at least the outer peripheral surface of the element body,

[0018] The end member includes a main body portion having a circular outline in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and an annular skirt portion.

[0019] The main body has a first protrusion formed along the circumferential direction.

[0020] The skirt portion extends from the first protrusion toward the element body and is located between the element body and the exterior member.

[0021] The end member satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (1) to (3).

[0022] (1) The first protrusion has a notch formed at an edge of the skirt portion, and a portion of the exterior member enters at least a portion of the notch.

[0023] (2) The skirt portion has at least one of a hole and a through hole formed in the outer peripheral surface, and a portion of the exterior member enters at least a portion of at least one of the hole and the through hole.

[0024] (3) The first protrusion has a recessed portion formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction on the end surface on the skirt side, and a part of the exterior member enters at least a part of the recessed portion.

[0025] In another aspect, the present invention provides an end member for a spiral membrane element, which is disposed at one or both ends of the spiral membrane element in the axial direction for use, wherein:

[0026] The spiral membrane element has:

[0027] An element body including a central tube and a membrane leaf having a separation membrane and wound around the central tube; and

[0028] an exterior member that covers at least the outer peripheral surface of the element body,

[0029] The end member includes a main body portion having a circular outline in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and an annular skirt portion.

[0030] The main body has a first protrusion formed along the circumferential direction.

[0031] The skirt portion extends from the first protrusion toward the element body and is arranged to be located between the element body and the exterior member when in use.

[0032] The end member satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (i) to (iii).

[0033] (i) The first protrusion has a notch formed at an edge portion on the skirt portion side.

[0034] (ii) The skirt portion has at least one of a hole and a through hole formed in the outer peripheral surface.

[0035] (iii) The first protrusion has a recessed portion formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction on the end surface on the skirt portion side.

[0036] Effects of the Invention

[0037] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a spiral membrane element including an end member suitable for improving adhesion between the end member and an exterior member, and an end member for a spiral membrane element. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] [ Figure 1 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a spiral membrane element according to the present embodiment.

[0039] [ Figure 2 ] is a perspective view schematically showing an expanded spiral membrane element according to the present embodiment.

[0040] [ Figure 3 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a separation membrane provided in the spiral membrane element of the present embodiment.

[0041] [ Figure 4A ] is a three-dimensional diagram showing an example of an end member that satisfies requirement (1).

[0042] [ Figure 4B ]yes Figure 4A A schematic side view of an end component.

[0043] [ Figure 4C ] is a partial cross-sectional view of the end component along the IVC-IVC line.

[0044] [ Figure 4D ] is a partial cross-sectional view showing the end component along the IVC-IVC line together with the exterior component.

[0045] [ Figure 4E ] is a schematic side view showing another example of the first protrusion of the end member that satisfies requirement (1).

[0046] [ Figure 4F ] is a partial side view and a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of the inner surface of the cutout portion of the first protrusion of the end member that satisfies requirement (1).

[0047] [ Figure 5A ] is a stereoscopic view showing an example of an end part that satisfies requirement (2).

[0048] [ Figure 5B ]yes Figure 5A A schematic side view of an end component.

[0049] [ Figure 5C ] is a partial cross-sectional view of the end component along the VC-VC line.

[0050] [ Figure 5D ] is a schematic side view showing another example of the skirt of the end part that satisfies requirement (2).

[0051] [ Fig. 6A ] is a three-dimensional diagram showing an example of an end part that satisfies requirement (3).

[0052] [ Figure 6B ]yes Fig. 6A A schematic side view of an end component.

[0053] [ Figure 6C ] is a partial cross-sectional view of the end component along the VIC-VIC line.

[0054] [ Fig.6D ] is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the inclination angle of the recess relative to the axial direction X.

[0055] [ Fig. 6E ] is a schematic side view showing another example of the first protrusion of the end part that satisfies requirement (3).

[0056] [ Fig. 7A ] is a diagram for illustrating a method for manufacturing a spiral membrane element according to the present embodiment.

[0057] [ Figure 7B ] is a diagram for illustrating a method for manufacturing a spiral membrane element according to the present embodiment.

[0058] [ Figure 7C] is a diagram for illustrating a method for manufacturing a spiral membrane element according to the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] A spiral membrane element according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises:

[0060] An element body, which includes a central tube and a membrane leaf having a separation membrane and wound around the central tube;

[0061] an end member disposed at one or both ends of the element body in the axial direction; and

[0062] an exterior member that covers at least the outer peripheral surface of the element body,

[0063] The end member includes a main body portion having a circular outline in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and an annular skirt portion.

[0064] The main body has a first protrusion formed along the circumferential direction.

[0065] The skirt portion extends from the first protrusion toward the element body and is located between the element body and the exterior member.

[0066] The end member satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (1) to (3).

[0067] (1) The first protrusion has a notch formed at an edge of the skirt portion, and a portion of the exterior member enters at least a portion of the notch.

[0068] (2) The skirt portion has at least one of a hole and a through hole formed in the outer peripheral surface, and a portion of the exterior member enters at least a portion of at least one of the hole and the through hole.

[0069] (3) The first protrusion has a recessed portion formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction on the end surface on the skirt side, and a part of the exterior member enters at least a part of the recessed portion.

[0070] In a second aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element of the first aspect, in the above (1), the first convex portion includes a plurality of the cutout portions formed in the edge portion along the circumferential direction.

[0071] In a third aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element of the first or second aspect, in the above (1), the cutout portion is formed in the edge portion so as to open in the axial direction and the radial direction.

[0072] In the fourth aspect of the present invention, for example, in a spiral membrane element of any one of the first to third aspects, in the above (1), when the end part is observed from the side, the cutout portion has a shape selected from a V-shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a semicircular shape, an M-shape, and a combination thereof.

[0073] In a fifth aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, in the above-mentioned (1), the cutout portion has irregularities on its inner surface.

[0074] In a sixth aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element of any one of the first to fifth aspects, in the above (2), the skirt portion includes at least one of a plurality of holes and through holes formed on the outer peripheral surface along the circumferential direction.

[0075] In a seventh aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, in the above-mentioned (2), the hole includes a groove portion continuous in the circumferential direction.

[0076] In an eighth aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, in the above (3), the first convex portion includes a plurality of concave portions formed on the end surface along the circumferential direction.

[0077] In a ninth aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, in the above (3), the recessed portion is formed to be inclined toward the element body side with respect to the axial direction.

[0078] In a tenth aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, in the above-mentioned (3), the recessed portion includes a groove portion continuous in the circumferential direction.

[0079] In an eleventh aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, the end member contains a polyamide resin as a main component.

[0080] In a twelfth aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, the exterior material includes glass fiber and resin,

[0081] The portion of the exterior member is formed only of the resin.

[0082] In the 13th embodiment of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element of any one of the 1st to 12th embodiments, the main body of the end component also has a second protrusion formed in the circumferential direction, and a sealing groove portion where the sealing component is to be configured, and the sealing groove portion is located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

[0083] In a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, for example, in the spiral membrane element according to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, a supply fluid to be processed by the spiral membrane element is a gas.

[0084] The end member for a spiral membrane element according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is an end member arranged at one end or both ends in the axial direction of the spiral membrane element for use, wherein:

[0085] The spiral membrane element has:

[0086] An element body including a central tube and a membrane leaf having a separation membrane and wound around the central tube; and

[0087] an exterior member that covers at least the outer peripheral surface of the element body,

[0088] The end member includes a main body portion having a circular outline in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and an annular skirt portion.

[0089] The main body has a first protrusion formed along the circumferential direction.

[0090] The skirt portion extends from the first protrusion toward the element body and is arranged to be located between the element body and the exterior member when in use.

[0091] The end member satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (i) to (iii).

[0092] (i) The first protrusion has a notch formed at an edge portion on the skirt portion side.

[0093] (ii) The skirt portion has at least one of a hole and a through hole formed in the outer peripheral surface.

[0094] (iii) The first protrusion has a recessed portion formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction on the end surface on the skirt portion side.

[0095] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail, but the following description is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments.

[0096] <Embodiment of spiral membrane element>

[0097] Figure 1This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a spiral membrane element 100 (hereinafter referred to as “separation membrane element 100 ”) according to the present embodiment. Figure 2 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a separation membrane element 100. The separation membrane element 100 includes an element body 10, an end member 20, and an exterior member 30. Figure 2 , the outer casing 30 is omitted. The element body 10 includes a central tube 16 and a membrane leaf 17 having a separation membrane 11 and wound around the central tube 16. The outer casing 30 covers at least the outer peripheral surface 10s of the element body 10. The end member 20 is arranged at one end or both ends of the axial direction X of the element body 10. In this specification, the axial direction X refers to a direction of the element body 10 parallel to the extension direction of the central tube 16.

[0098] [Component body]

[0099] A supply fluid flow path and a permeate fluid flow path are formed inside the element body 10. The supply fluid S is supplied to the interior of the separation membrane element 100 from the end surface of one side of the element body 10, and flows in the supply fluid flow path parallel to the length direction of the central tube 16. In the separation membrane element 100, the supply fluid S is separated to generate a permeate fluid S1 and a non-permeate fluid S2. The permeate fluid S1 passes through the central tube 16 and is guided to the outside. The non-permeate fluid S2 is discharged from the end surface of the other side of the element body 10 to the outside of the separation membrane element 100.

[0100] The feed fluid to be processed by the separation membrane element 100 may be a gas or a liquid. For example, the feed fluid is a mixed gas containing an acid gas, in particular, a mixed gas containing carbon dioxide and nitrogen.

[0101] The membrane leaf 17 includes the separation membrane 11 and the permeate-side flow path material 19. The element body 10 further includes a feed-side flow path material 18. The feed-side flow path material 18 is stacked on the membrane leaf 17.

[0102] As the supply side flow path material 18 and the permeate side flow path material 19, for example, a net, woven fabric or knitted fabric made of a resin obtained from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) or ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) can be used.

[0103] The center tube 16 has a cylindrical shape. A through hole 16h is formed on the surface of the center tube 16 for allowing the permeable fluid S1 to flow into the center tube 16. The number of through holes 16h is not particularly limited, and may be one or more than two. Examples of the material of the center tube 16 include resins such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), polyphenylene ether resin (PPE resin), and polysulfone resin (PSF resin); and metals such as stainless steel and titanium. The inner diameter of the center tube 16 is, for example, in the range of 20 to 100 mm.

[0104] The structure of the separation membrane 11 is not particularly limited. Figure 3 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the separation membrane 11 included in the separation membrane element 100. Figure 3 As shown, the separation membrane 11 may include a separation functional layer 1, a porous support 3 supporting the separation functional layer 1, and an intermediate layer 2 disposed between the separation functional layer 1 and the porous support 3. The intermediate layer 2 is in direct contact with the separation functional layer 1 and the porous support 3, for example.

[0105] (Separation Functional Layer)

[0106] The separation functional layer 1 is, for example, a layer that allows the acidic gas contained in the mixed gas to pass preferentially. The separation functional layer 1 preferably contains a resin. As the resin contained in the separation functional layer 1, for example, there can be mentioned: polyether block amide resin, polyamide resin, polyether resin, polyimide resin, polyetherimide resin, cellulose acetate resin, silicone resin and fluororesin. The separation functional layer 1 preferably contains a polyimide resin or a cellulose acetate resin, and more preferably contains a cellulose acetate resin. The separation functional layer 1 is preferably substantially formed of resin. In this specification, "substantially formed of" means excluding other components that will change the essential characteristics of the material mentioned, for example, it means that more than 95wt%, and further more than 99wt% is composed of the material.

[0107] The thickness of the separation functional layer 1 is, for example, 50 μm or less, preferably 25 μm or less, and more preferably 15 μm or less. The thickness of the separation functional layer 1 may be 0.05 μm or more, or 0.1 μm or more.

[0108] (Middle layer)

[0109] The intermediate layer 2 may include, for example, a resin, and may also include nanoparticles dispersed in the resin (matrix). The nanoparticles may be separated from each other in the matrix, or may be partially aggregated. The material of the matrix is ​​not particularly limited, and examples thereof include silicone resins such as polydimethylsiloxane; fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene; epoxy resins such as polyethylene oxide; polyimide resins; polysulfone resins; polyacetylene resins such as polytrimethylsilylpropyne and polydiphenylacetylene; and polyolefin resins such as polymethylpentene. The matrix preferably includes a silicone resin.

[0110] Nanoparticles may contain inorganic materials or organic materials. Examples of inorganic materials contained in nanoparticles include silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, and aluminum oxide. Preferably, the nanoparticles contain silicon dioxide.

[0111] The thickness of the intermediate layer 2 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, less than 50 μm, preferably 40 μm or less, and more preferably 30 μm or less. The lower limit of the thickness of the intermediate layer 2 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 1 μm. The intermediate layer 2 is, for example, a layer with a thickness of less than 50 μm.

[0112] (Porous Support)

[0113] The porous support 3 supports the separation functional layer 1 via the intermediate layer 2. Examples of the porous support 3 include: nonwoven fabric; porous polytetrafluoroethylene; aromatic polyamide fiber; porous metal; sintered metal; porous ceramic; porous polyester; porous nylon; activated carbon fiber; latex; silicone; silicone rubber; a permeable (porous) polymer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, and polyphenylene ether; a metal foam having open or closed cells; a polymer foam having open or closed cells; silicon dioxide; porous glass; a mesh, and the like. The porous support 3 may be a combination of two or more of these.

[0114] The porous support 3 has an average pore size of, for example, 0.01 to 0.4 μm. The thickness of the porous support 3 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 10 μm or more, preferably 20 μm or more, and more preferably 50 μm or more. The thickness of the porous support 3 is, for example, 300 μm or less, preferably 200 μm or less, and more preferably 150 μm or less.

[0115] The structure of the separation membrane 11 is not limited to Figure 3 The example shown. The separation membrane 11 can be composed of, for example, a separation functional layer 1 and a porous support body 3 arranged on one side of the separation functional layer 1 and supporting the separation functional layer 1. The separation membrane 11 can be composed of, for example, a separation functional layer 1, a protective layer arranged on one side of the separation functional layer 1 and protecting the separation functional layer 1, and a porous support body 3 arranged on the other side of the separation functional layer 1 and supporting the separation functional layer 1. As the protective layer, a layer containing the material described for the intermediate layer 2 can be used.

[0116] [Exterior parts]

[0117] The outer component 30 is wound along the outer peripheral surface 10s of the element body 10 to cover the outer peripheral surface 10s of the element body 10. The outer component 30 is made of a material through which fluid cannot pass. The outer component 30 includes, for example, glass fiber and resin. The resin is typically epoxy resin. The outer component 30 can also be made of FRP (fiber reinforced plastic). The outer component 30 can also be an object formed by winding glass roving (a bundle of glass fibers) impregnated with epoxy resin along the outer peripheral surface 10s of the element body 10 and curing it.

[0118] [End parts]

[0119] The end member 20 is a member for suppressing expansion and contraction during operation, and is mounted on one or both ends of the element body 10 in the axial direction X. Typically, the end member 20 is mounted on both ends of the element body 10 in the axial direction X. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the example, two end members 20 are arranged at both ends of the element body 10 in the axial direction X so as to face each other.

[0120] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the end member 20 includes a main body portion 21 having a circular outline in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction X, and an annular skirt portion 25 .

[0121] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the main body 21 has a first convex portion 22 and a second convex portion 23 respectively formed along the circumferential direction Y, and a sealing groove portion 24 located between the first convex portion 22 and the second convex portion 23 and in which a sealing member (not shown) is to be arranged. The first convex portion 22 and the second convex portion 23 protrude along the circumferential direction Y. In this specification, the circumferential direction Y refers to the direction of rotation around the axial direction X. By arranging the element main body 10 in the pressure-resistant container in a state where a sealing member such as an O-ring is installed in the sealing groove portion 24, the surface of the sealing member abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the pressure-resistant container.

[0122] The skirt 25 extends from the first protrusion 22 toward the element body 10. Specifically, the skirt 25 extends from an end face 28 of the first protrusion 22 on the skirt 25 side toward the element body 10. It should be noted that the end face 28 is an end face located on the skirt 25 side of a pair of end faces in the circumferential direction Y constituting the first protrusion 22. Figure 1As shown, the skirt 25 is located between the element body 10 and the outer member 30. The separation membrane element 100 is a structure in which the skirt 25 of the end member 20 is located between the element body 10 and the outer member 30, so that the length of the element body 10 in the axial direction X relative to the length of the separation membrane element 100 in the axial direction X can be increased as much as possible. As a result, the membrane area can be increased as much as possible. In other words, according to the separation membrane element 100, there is no need to reduce the membrane area due to the structure of the end member 20.

[0123] like Figure 1 As shown, the diameter R of the first convex portion 22 22 Greater than the diameter R of the skirt 25 25 Therefore, in the end member 20, there is a step 26 between the first protrusion 22 and the skirt 25 in the radial direction Z. In this specification, the radial direction Z refers to a direction orthogonal to the axial direction X. The outer member 30 covers the skirt 25 in a manner of filling the step 26, thereby fixing the end member 20 and the element body 10. It should be noted that in Figure 1 In the example shown, the diameter of the second protrusion 23 is equal to the diameter R of the first protrusion 22. 22 However, as long as the sealing groove 24 can be ensured between the first convex portion 22 and the second convex portion 23, the diameter of the second convex portion 23 may be larger than the diameter R of the first convex portion 22. 22 Small.

[0124] Diameter R of first convex portion 22 22 Greater than the outer diameter R of the element body 10 10 That is, in the separation membrane element 100, R 22 >R 25 >R 10 .

[0125] The inner diameter of the skirt 25 and the outer diameter R of the element body 10 are 10 Therefore, by arranging the end member 20 at the end of the element body 10 in the axial direction X, the inner peripheral surface 25si of the skirt 25 can be brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface 10s of the element body 10. In this state, by installing the outer peripheral surface 25so of the skirt 25 and the outer peripheral surface 10s of the element body 10, the element body 10 is covered by the end member 20 and the outer peripheral surface 30.

[0126] like Figure 2 As shown, the main body 21 has openings 21a formed along the axial direction X through which fluid can flow, and an annular portion 21b for inserting the center tube 16. Figure 2 As shown, the opening 21a may be divided by a plurality of connecting portions 21c arranged in a spoke shape.

[0127] The end component 20 may also contain polyamide resin, phenolic resin, fluororesin or austenitic stainless steel as a main component. "Main component" refers to the component that contains the most by weight in the end component 20. These materials have high resistance to heavy hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX components so far) and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Therefore, the end component 20 containing these materials as main components is particularly suitable for gas separation applications such as acidic gases. The end component 20 may also contain polyamide resin as a main component. As a polyamide resin, since it can be injection molded, a polyamide resin as a thermoplastic resin is preferred. Polyamide resin is also preferred from a cost perspective.

[0128] In the present embodiment, the end member 20 satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (1) to (3).

[0129] (1) The first convex portion 22 has the notch portion 221 formed in the edge portion 27 on the skirt portion 25 side, and the portion 30 a of the exterior member 30 enters at least a portion of the notch portion 221 .

[0130] (2) The skirt portion 25 has at least one of the hole 251 and the through hole 252 formed in the outer peripheral surface 25s о, and the portion 30 a of the exterior member 30 enters at least a portion of at least one of the hole 251 and the through hole 252 .

[0131] (3) The first protrusion 22 has the recess 222 formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction X on the end surface 28 on the skirt 25 side, and the portion 30 a of the exterior member 30 enters at least a portion of the recess 222 .

[0132] The following describes requirements (1) to (3) in further detail.

[0133] <Requirements (1)>

[0134] Figures 4A to 4F The end member 20 satisfying the requirement (1) is shown. For convenience, the end member 20 satisfying the requirement (1) is referred to as an end member 201. Figure 4A It is a perspective view showing an example of the end member 201 . Figure 4B 201 is a schematic side view of the end member 201. Figure 4A and Figure 4B As shown, in the end member 201 , the first protrusion 22 has a notch 221 formed in the edge 27 on the skirt 25 side.

[0135] Figure 4C 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the end member 201 along the line IVC-IVC. Figure 4CAs shown, the cutout portion 221 is a recessed portion formed so as to straddle the edge 27 of the first convex portion 22. The edge 27 is an edge located on the skirt 25 side of a pair of edges in the circumferential direction Y constituting the first convex portion 22.

[0136] Figure 4D FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the end member 201 along the IVC-IVC line together with the exterior member 30. Figure 4D As shown, in the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 201, a portion 30a of the outer member 30 enters at least a portion of the cutout portion 221. The presence of the cutout portion 221 increases the bonding area between the end member 201 and the outer member 30, thereby improving the adhesion between the end member 201 and the outer member 30. In this way, the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 201 is suitable for improving the adhesion between the end member 201 and the outer member 30. According to the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 201, when the separation membrane element 100 is removed from the pressure vessel, cracks generated between the end member 201 and the outer member 30 can be suppressed.

[0137] like Figure 4A and Figure 4B As shown, the first convex portion 22 may include a plurality of cutouts 221 formed on the edge 27 along the circumferential direction Y. In other words, a plurality of cutouts 221 may be formed on the edge 27 of the first convex portion 22 along the circumferential direction Y. The presence of the plurality of cutouts 221 further increases the bonding area between the end member 201 and the exterior member 30, and thus the bonding property between the end member 201 and the exterior member 30 is further improved.

[0138] The plurality of cutout portions 221 may be positioned evenly or unevenly along the edge 27 of the first convex portion 22 .

[0139] like Figure 4C As shown in FIG. 2 , the cutout portion 221 may be formed to open in the axial direction X and the radial direction Z in the edge portion 27. If the cutout portion 221 is formed to open in the axial direction X and the radial direction Z in the edge portion 27, Figure 4D As shown, a portion 30a of the exterior member 30 easily enters the cutout portion 221. Therefore, the adhesion between the end member 20 and the exterior member 30 can be further improved.

[0140] The shape of the cutout portion 221 when the end member 201 is viewed from the side is not particularly limited. Figure 4B As shown, when the end member 201 is viewed from the side, the cutout portion 221 may have a V-shape. Figure 4E FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing another example of the first protrusion 22 of the end member 201. Figure 4E In the figure, the portion other than the first protrusion 22 is omitted. Figure 4EAs shown in (a) to (f) of FIG. 2 , when the end member 201 is viewed from the side, the cutout portion 221 may have a shape other than a V-shape, and may have a shape selected from a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a semicircular shape, an M-shape, and a combination thereof. Figure 4E In the figure, (a) is an example in which the cutout portion 221 has a rectangular shape. (b) is an example in which the cutout portion 221 has a trapezoidal shape. (c) is an example in which the cutout portion 221 has an inverted trapezoidal shape. (d) is an example in which the cutout portion 221 has a semicircular shape. (d) is an example in which the cutout portion 221 has a semicircular shape. (e) is an example in which the cutout portion 221 has an M-shape. (f) is an example in which the cutout portion 221 has a combination of a rectangular shape and a trapezoidal shape.

[0141] Figure 4F It is a partial side view and a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of the inner surface 221 s of the cutout portion 221 included in the first convex portion 22 of the end member 201 . Figure 4F The upper part of FIG. 1 shows examples (a1) to (c1) of partial side views of the cutout portion 221. In (a1) to (c1), the cutout portion 221 is omitted. Figure 4F The lower part of the figure shows partial cross-sectional views (a2) to (c2) of the cutout portion 221 corresponding to (a1) to (c1). For example, (a2) is a partial cross-sectional view along the line a2-a2. Figure 4F As shown, the cutout portion 221 may also have projections and depressions on its inner surface 221s. Figure 4F In the examples, (a1) and (a2) are examples in which the inner surface 221s of the cutout portion 221 has a structure that is stepped and recessed toward the radial direction Z. (b1) and (b2) are examples in which the inner surface 221s of the cutout portion 221 has a ridge with a horizontal stripe. (c1) and (c2) are examples in which the inner surface 221s of the cutout portion 221 has a circular recess. If the inner surface 221s of the cutout portion 221 is formed with recesses and protrusions, the bonding area between the end member 201 and the exterior member 30 is further increased. Therefore, the bonding between the end member 20 and the exterior member 30 can be further improved.

[0142] The height 221h of the cutout portion 221 in the end member 201 is not particularly limited. Figure 4B and Figure 4C As shown, the height 221h of the cutout 221 is the distance from the edge 27 to the highest point of the cutout 221 when the end member 201 is viewed from the side. The height 221h of the cutout 221 can be appropriately set according to the height 22h of the first protrusion 22 and the length of the outer periphery of the first protrusion 22.

[0143] The depth 221d of the cutout portion 221 in the end member 201 is not particularly limited. Figure 4CAs shown, the depth 221d of the cutout 221 refers to the distance from the surface 22s of the first convex portion 22 to the deepest point of the cutout 221 when the end member 201 is observed in cross section. The depth 221d of the cutout 221 can be appropriately set according to the height 22h of the first convex portion 22 and the length of the outer periphery of the first convex portion 22.

[0144] <Requirements (2)>

[0145] Figures 5A to 5D The end member 20 satisfying the requirement (2) is shown. For convenience, the end member 20 satisfying the requirement (2) is referred to as the end member 202. Figure 5A It is a perspective view showing an example of the end member 202 . Figure 5B 2 is a schematic side view of the end member 202. Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, in the end member 202, the skirt portion 25 has at least one of a hole 251 and a through hole 252 formed in the outer peripheral surface 25sо.

[0146] Figure 5C is a partial cross-sectional view of the end component 202 along the line VC-VC. Figure 5C (a) is an example in which the skirt portion 25 has a hole 251 formed on the outer peripheral surface 25sо. The hole 251 is a bottomed hole formed on the outer peripheral surface 25sо of the skirt portion 25. Figure 5C (b) is an example in which the skirt portion 25 has a through hole 252 formed in the outer peripheral surface 25sо. The through hole 252 is a hole formed so as to penetrate the outer peripheral surface 25sо of the skirt portion 25.

[0147] Although not shown in the figure, in the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 202, a portion 30a of the outer member 30 enters at least a portion of at least one of the hole 251 and the through hole 252. The presence of at least one of the hole 251 and the through hole 252 increases the bonding area between the end member 202 and the outer member 30, thereby improving the adhesion between the end member 202 and the outer member 30. In this way, the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 202 is suitable for improving the adhesion between the end member 202 and the outer member 30. According to the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 202, when the separation membrane element 100 is removed from the pressure vessel, cracks generated between the end member 202 and the outer member 30 can be suppressed.

[0148] like Figure 5A and Figure 5BAs shown, the skirt 25 may include at least one of a plurality of holes 251 and a through hole 252 formed on the outer peripheral surface 25sо along the circumferential direction Y. In other words, a plurality of holes 251 and / or through holes 252 may be formed on the outer peripheral surface 25sо of the skirt 25 along the circumferential direction Y. A plurality of holes 251 and a plurality of through holes 252 may be mixed on the outer peripheral surface 25sо of the skirt 25. The presence of a plurality of holes 251 and / or through holes 252 further increases the bonding area between the end member 202 and the exterior member 30, and thus the bonding property between the end member 202 and the exterior member 30 is further improved.

[0149] The plurality of holes 251 and / or through holes 252 may be evenly positioned along the outer peripheral surface 25s о of the skirt 25 , or may be unevenly positioned.

[0150] The shape of the hole 251 and / or the through hole 252 when the end member 202 is viewed from the side is not particularly limited. Figure 5B As shown, when the end member 201 is viewed from the side, the hole 251 and / or the through hole 252 may have a circular shape. The hole 251 and / or the through hole 252 may have a rectangular shape, for example. The shape of the hole 251 and / or the through hole 252 may also be a combination of different shapes.

[0151] The diameter 251di of the hole 251 and the diameter 252di of the through hole 252 in the end member 202 are not particularly limited. The diameter 251di of the hole 251 and the diameter 252di of the through hole 252 can be appropriately set according to the height 25h of the skirt 25 and the length of the outer circumference of the skirt 25. It should be noted that when the shape of the hole 251 and / or the through hole 252 when the end member 202 is viewed from the side is other than a circular shape, the diameter 251di of the hole 251 refers to the maximum distance of the hole 251 in the axial direction X. The diameter 252di of the through hole 252 refers to the maximum distance of the through hole 252 in the axial direction X.

[0152] The depth 251d of the hole 251 in the end member 202 is not particularly limited. Figure 5C As shown in (a), the depth 251d of the hole 251 refers to the distance from the outer peripheral surface 25sо of the skirt 25 to the deepest point of the hole 251 when the end member 202 is observed in cross-section. The depth 251d of the hole 251 can be appropriately set according to the thickness 25t of the skirt 25 and the length of the outer periphery of the skirt 25.

[0153] The hole 251 is a concept including a groove portion 251 g continuous in the circumferential direction Y. Figure 5D FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing another example of the skirt portion 25 of the end member 202. Figure 5D In the figure, the portion other than the skirt 25 is omitted. Figure 5DAs shown, the hole 251 may also be a groove 251g that is continuous in the circumferential direction Y. A plurality of grooves 251g may also be formed in the skirt 25 along the axial direction X. The shape of the groove 251g is not particularly limited. The groove 251g may be Figure 5D The wavy line shape shown in the example may also be a straight line shape. Although not shown in the figure, a plurality of grooves 251g may be formed in the circumferential direction Y of the skirt 25.

[0154] <Requirements (3)>

[0155] Figures 6A to 6E The end member 20 satisfying the requirement (3) is shown. For convenience, the end member 20 satisfying the requirement (3) is referred to as the end member 203. Fig. 6A It is a perspective view showing an example of the end member 203 . Figure 6B 203 is a schematic side view of the end member 203. Fig. 6A and Figure 6B As shown, in the end member 203 , the first protrusion 22 has a recessed portion 222 formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction X on the end surface 28 on the skirt portion 25 side.

[0156] Figure 6C 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the end member 203 along the VIC-VIC line. Figure 6C As shown, the recess 222 is formed by hollowing out the end surface 28 of the first protrusion 22 in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction X. As described above, the end surface 28 is the end surface located on the skirt 25 side of a pair of end surfaces in the circumferential direction Y constituting the first protrusion 22. Figure 6C (a) is an example in which the recessed portion 222 is formed to be inclined toward the element body 10 side with respect to the axial direction X. Figure 6C (b) is an example in which the recessed portion 222 is formed to be inclined to the opposite side of the element body 10 with respect to the axial direction X.

[0157] Although not shown in the figure, in the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 203, a portion 30a of the outer member 30 enters at least a portion of the recess 222. Due to the presence of the recess 222, the bonding area between the end member 203 and the outer member 30 increases, so the adhesion between the end member 203 and the outer member 30 is improved. In addition, the recess 222 is formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction X, and thus, the portion 30a of the outer member 30 entering the recess 222 functions as a hook portion with respect to the end member 203. In this way, the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 203 is suitable for improving the adhesion between the end member 203 and the outer member 30. According to the separation membrane element 100 having the end member 203, when the separation membrane element 100 is removed from the pressure vessel, cracks generated between the end member 203 and the outer member 30 can be suppressed.

[0158] like Fig. 6A and 6B As shown, the first convex portion 222 may include a plurality of concave portions 222 formed on the end surface 28 along the circumferential direction Y. In other words, a plurality of concave portions 222 may be formed on the end surface 28 of the first convex portion 222 along the circumferential direction Y. The presence of the plurality of concave portions 222 further increases the bonding area between the end member 203 and the exterior member 30, and thus the bonding property between the end member 203 and the exterior member 30 is further improved.

[0159] The plurality of recessed portions 222 may be positioned evenly or unevenly along the end surface 28 of the first protruding portion 222 .

[0160] The inclination direction of the recessed portion 222 relative to the axial direction X is not particularly limited. Figure 6C As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , the recess 222 may be formed to be inclined toward the element body 10 with respect to the axial direction X. Figure 6C As shown in (b), the recess 222 may be formed to be inclined toward the opposite side of the element body 10 with respect to the axial direction X. In either case, the portion 30 a of the exterior member 30 that enters the recess 222 can function as a hook portion for the end member 203 .

[0161] Fig.6D 2 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the inclination angle α of the recess 222 relative to the axial direction X. The inclination angle α of the recess 222 relative to the axial direction X may be in the range of -60°<α<60°. The inclination angle α may also be in the range of -45°<α<45°.

[0162] The height 222h of the recess 222 in the end member 203 is not particularly limited. Figure 6C As shown, the height 222h of the recess 222 refers to the distance of the recess 222 in the end surface 28 when the end member 203 is viewed in cross section. The height 222h of the recess 222 can be appropriately set according to the height 22h of the first protrusion 22 and the length of the outer periphery of the first protrusion 22.

[0163] The depth 222d of the recess 222 in the end member 203 is not particularly limited. Figure 6C As shown, the depth 222d of the recess 222 refers to the straight line distance from the end surface 28 to the deepest point of the recess 222 when the end member 203 is viewed in section. The depth 222d of the recess 222 can be appropriately set according to the height 22h of the first protrusion 22 and the length of the outer periphery of the first protrusion 22.

[0164] The recessed portion 222 is a concept including a groove portion 222 g continuous in the circumferential direction Y. Fig. 6E FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing another example of the first protrusion 22 of the end member 203. Fig. 6E In the figure, the portion other than the first protrusion 22 is omitted. Fig. 6E As shown, the recessed portion 222 may be a groove portion 222g continuous in the circumferential direction Y.

[0165] The descriptions of the above embodiments are applicable to each other as long as they are not technically contradictory. The above embodiments are combined with each other as long as they are not technically contradictory. For example, the separation membrane element 100 may be configured to satisfy all of the above requirements (1) to (3).

[0166] [Method for manufacturing spiral membrane element]

[0167] Next, taking the end member 201 satisfying requirement (1) as an example, refer to Figures 7A to 7C An example of a method for manufacturing the separation membrane element 100 is described. Fig. 7A As shown in the figure, the separation membrane 11 is folded into two parts in such a way that the separation functional layer 1 of the separation membrane 11 is located inside. The feed side flow path material 18 is arranged between the separation membrane 11 folded into two parts, and the permeate side flow path material 19 is arranged on the separation membrane 1. Next, the adhesive 191 is applied to three sides of the outer periphery of the permeate side flow path material 19. Thus, the separation membrane unit U is obtained. The adhesive 191 is in an uncured state at this time.

[0168] Then, if Figure 7B As shown, a central tube 16, a flow path material 15 and a plurality of separation membrane units U are prepared. The flow path material 15, for example, has a first portion 15a directly wound around the central tube 16 and a second portion 15b stacked with the separation membrane unit U. The first portion 15a of the flow path material 15 corresponds to the supply side flow path material 18, and the second portion 15b corresponds to the permeate side flow path material 19. The material, thickness, etc. of the first portion 15a may be the same as or different from those of the second portion 15b. The plurality of separation membrane units U are arranged in a stepped manner on the second portion 15b of the flow path material 15. The number of the plurality of separation membrane units U is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 2 to 30. It should be noted that the separation membrane unit U located at the top may not have the permeate side flow path material 19, for example.

[0169] Next, the first portion 15a of the flow path material 15 is wound around the core tube 16. The number of turns of the first portion 15a is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 1 to 15, and preferably 2 to 10.

[0170] Next, a plurality of separation membrane units U are wound around the central tube 16. At this time, the separation membrane unit U located at the top is stacked with the second portion 15b of the flow path material 15. After the separation membrane unit U is wound around the central tube 16, the adhesive 191 is cured to form an adhesive layer 191a, and a bag-shaped membrane leaf 17 is formed. Thus, the element body 10 is obtained.

[0171] Then, if Figure 7C As shown, end members 201 are arranged at both ends of the element body 10 in the axial direction X. At this time, the inner peripheral surface 25si of the skirt portion 25 of the end member 201 abuts against the outer peripheral surface 10s of the element body 10. It should be noted that the end member 201 can be manufactured by cutting, injection molding, etc.

[0172] Finally, while the element body 10 with the end member 201 attached is rotated in the axial direction X, the material 301 of the exterior member 30 is wound along the outer peripheral surface 10s of the element body 10. The material 301 of the exterior member 30 is, for example, glass fiber containing a resin such as epoxy resin. The resin is in an uncured state at this time. Therefore, the resin enters the cutout portion 221 of the end member 201. Then, through the curing step, the resin is cured, thereby forming the exterior member 30.

[0173] According to the above-mentioned manufacturing method, the resin contained in the material 301 of the outer member 30 enters at least a part of the cutout portion 221. In other words, a part 30a of the outer member 30 is formed only by the resin. As a result, the adhesion between the end member 201 and the outer member 30 is improved. In this way, the separation membrane element 100 including the end member 201 is suitable for improving the adhesion between the end member 201 and the outer member 30. According to the separation membrane element 100 including the end member 201, when the separation membrane element 100 is removed from the pressure vessel, cracks generated between the end member 201 and the outer member 30 can be suppressed.

[0174] <Embodiment of end member for spiral membrane element>

[0175] As described above, the end member 20 (201, 202, 203) is arranged at one end or both ends of the separation membrane element 100 in the axial direction X for use. The end member 20 includes a main body 21 having a circular profile in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction X, and an annular skirt 25. The main body 21 has a first protrusion 22 formed along the circumferential direction Y. The skirt 25 extends from the first protrusion 22 toward the element body 10 side. When in use, the skirt 25 is arranged so as to be located between the element body 10 and the exterior member 30.

[0176] The end member 20 satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (i) to (iii).

[0177] (i) The first protrusion 22 has the notch portion 221 formed in the edge portion 27 on the skirt portion 25 side.

[0178] (ii) The skirt portion 25 has at least one of the hole 251 and the through hole 252 formed in the outer peripheral surface 25sо.

[0179] (iii) The first protrusion 22 has the recessed portion 222 formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction X on the end surface 28 on the skirt portion 25 side.

[0180] The end member 20 is suitable for improving the adhesion between the end member 20 and the exterior member 30. By using the end member 20, when the separation membrane element 100 is removed from the pressure vessel, cracks generated between the end member 20 and the exterior member 30 can be suppressed.

[0181] Example

[0182] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Reference Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0183] With respect to Examples 1 and 2 and Reference Examples 1 and 2 shown in Table 1, the adhesiveness between the material 1 for the end member and the material 2 for the exterior member was evaluated.

[0184] [Table 1]

[0185]

[0186] Epoxy resin 1: a711-A, B

[0187] Epoxy resin 2: EPIKOTE 828, + curing agent ANCAMIDE 350A

[0188] [Evaluation of Adhesion]

[0189] Material 1 is cut into 1 cm wide x 10 cm long to make material sheet 1. Two identical material sheets 1 are prepared. The epoxy resin of material 2 is sandwiched between the two material sheets 1 and cured to bond them. It should be noted that the bonding area between the epoxy resin of material sheet 1 and material 2 is 10 x 10 mm 2 Then, a tensile test was conducted using a tensile testing machine (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, Autograph AGS-X) at a tensile speed of 20 mm / min, a distance between chucks of 50 mm, and room temperature. The material sheet 1 on one side was stretched in the longitudinal direction, and the stress when the epoxy resin of the material 2 broke and the material sheets 1 separated from each other was obtained as the tensile shear strength (N / mm 2 ). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0190] The end parts for gas separation purposes such as acidic gas preferably contain polyamide resin, phenolic resin, fluororesin or austenitic stainless steel as the main component. This is because these materials have high resistance to heavy hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX components so far) and unsaturated hydrocarbons. From the comparison between Example 1 and Example 2 using polyamide resin as Material 1, it can be seen that the tensile shear strength of Example 2 using epoxy resin 2 as Material 2 is excellent to the same extent as Reference Example 1, and shows a higher value than Example 1.

[0191] Industrial Applicability

[0192] The spiral membrane element of this embodiment is suitable for separating acidic gas from a mixed gas containing acidic gas. In particular, the spiral membrane element of this embodiment is suitable for separating carbon dioxide from exhaust gas of a chemical plant or thermal power generation.

Claims

1. Spiral membrane element, which has: An element body, which includes a central tube and a membrane leaf having a separation membrane and wound around the central tube; an end member disposed at one or both ends of the element body in the axial direction; and an exterior member that covers at least the outer peripheral surface of the element body, in, The end member includes a main body portion having a circular outline in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and an annular skirt portion. The main body has a first protrusion formed along the circumferential direction. The skirt portion extends from the first protrusion toward the element body and is located between the element body and the exterior member. The end member satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (1) to (3), (1) the first protrusion has a cutout portion formed at an edge portion on the skirt side, and a portion of the exterior member enters at least a portion of the cutout portion; (2) the skirt portion has at least one of a hole and a through hole formed in the outer peripheral surface, and a portion of the exterior member enters at least a portion of at least one of the hole and the through hole; (3) The first protrusion has a recessed portion formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction on the end surface on the skirt side, and a part of the exterior member enters at least a part of the recessed portion.

2. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (1), the first protrusion includes a plurality of the cutouts formed in the edge portion along the circumferential direction.

3. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (1), the cutout portion is formed in the edge portion so as to open in the axial direction and the radial direction.

4. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (1), when the end member is viewed from the side, the cutout portion has a shape selected from a V-shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a semicircular shape, an M-shape, and a combination thereof.

5. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (1), the cutout portion has projections and depressions on its inner surface.

6. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (2), the skirt portion includes at least one of a plurality of the holes and the through-holes formed on the outer peripheral surface along the circumferential direction.

7. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (2), the hole includes a groove portion continuous in the circumferential direction.

8. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (3), the first convex portion includes a plurality of concave portions formed on the end surface along the circumferential direction.

9. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (3), the recessed portion is formed so as to be inclined toward the element main body with respect to the axial direction.

10. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: In the above (3), the recessed portion includes a groove portion continuous in the circumferential direction.

11. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: The end member contains a polyamide resin as a main component.

12. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: The exterior member comprises glass fiber and resin, The portion of the exterior member is formed only of the resin.

13. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: The main body of the end member further includes second protrusions formed in the circumferential direction and a seal groove in which a seal member is to be arranged, the seal groove being located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

14. The spiral membrane element according to claim 1, wherein: The feed fluid to be processed by the spiral membrane element is gas.

15. An end member for a spiral membrane element, which is disposed at one or both ends of the spiral membrane element in the axial direction for use, wherein: The spiral membrane element has: An element body including a central tube and a membrane leaf having a separation membrane and wound around the central tube; and an exterior member that covers at least the outer peripheral surface of the element body, The end member includes a main body portion having a circular outline in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and an annular skirt portion. The main body has a first protrusion formed along the circumferential direction. The skirt portion extends from the first protrusion toward the element body and is arranged to be located between the element body and the exterior member when in use. The end member satisfies at least one selected from the group consisting of the following requirements (i) to (iii), (i) the first protrusion has a notch formed at an edge on the skirt side; (ii) the skirt portion has at least one of a hole and a through hole formed on the outer peripheral surface; (iii) The first protrusion has a recessed portion formed in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction on the end surface on the skirt portion side.

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