Method and device for harvesting rice on floating bed in coal mining subsidence water area

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for harvesting rice on floating beds in coal mining subsidence water areas, comprising the following steps: step S1: constructing an operation area and a floating bed passing area; the operation area comprises a harvesting area, and the lower part of the harvesting area is empty; the floating bed passing area is in the form of a curved channel and passes through the lower part of the harvesting area; step S2: connecting floating beds; connecting multiple floating beds end to end, and connecting the front end of the floating bed at the head to a towing boat; step S3: machine entry; arranging a combine harvester in the harvesting area, and adjusting the header of the combine harvester to be above the water surface and at the root position of the rice on the floating bed; step S4: towing the floating beds by the towing boat to pass through the floating bed passing area in sequence; and step S5: sequentially harvesting the rice until the harvesting is completed. The present application also discloses a device for harvesting rice on floating beds in coal mining subsidence areas. The present application has the beneficial effect of breaking the traditional harvesting mode, being suitable for this special environment of coal mining subsidence water areas, and being capable of effectively harvesting rice on floating beds in irregular and high water depth water body environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of planting technology in coal mining subsidence areas, and more particularly to a method for harvesting floating rice in coal mining subsidence waters. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional rice cultivation methods typically involve transplanting seedlings into fertile soil to provide ample nutrients, and the soil requires a stable water source for irrigation. This method is suitable for areas near rivers, lakes, or areas with sufficient rainfall. However, in coal mining subsidence areas, due to long-term underground coal mining, the water depth often exhibits uneven distribution and varies with the seasons, making it difficult to meet the requirements of traditional rice cultivation.

[0003] Floating bed rice is an innovative agricultural technology that cultivates rice on the surface of water. Floating beds serve as platforms for plant growth, with rice plants growing in a culture medium on these beds. This technology allows rice roots to absorb nutrients from the water, reducing eutrophication and promoting water purification. Furthermore, cultivating rice in subsidence areas reduces the occupation of other land resources while generating economic benefits and increasing farmers' income.

[0004] Traditional rice harvesting often uses combine harvesters, which is currently the most common and efficient method, offering high efficiency and low labor intensity. However, it cannot meet the harvesting requirements of floating bed rice. Floating bed rice is a relatively new technology, currently relying more on manual harvesting, which is labor-intensive and inefficient; the large amount of straw scattered in the water also causes water pollution. Combine harvesters have poor operational applicability and cannot harvest floating bed rice on water. Existing technologies also include floating bed rice harvesters, such as CN113079813A-Floating Bed Rice Harvester. However, this method involves the harvester moving to the floating bed and harvesting through it. This results in problems such as poor floating bed stability, and as the harvester's weight increases, it sinks, causing changes in the harvesting position and inconsistent rice stubble height.

[0005] Therefore, there is currently no efficient and mature harvesting method, and there is an urgent need to study an efficient and environmentally friendly floating rice harvesting method and device in coal mining subsidence areas.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to solve the problem that currently, because floating rice floats on water, it relies on manual harvesting, which is labor-intensive, and existing combine harvesters cannot meet the requirements for harvesting floating rice.

[0008] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0009] The method for harvesting rice on floating beds in coal mining subsidence areas includes the following steps:

[0010] Step S1: Construct the work area and the floating bed passage area;

[0011] The work area includes a harvesting area, which is open underneath; the floating bed passage is curved and passes under the harvesting area;

[0012] Step S2: Floating bed connection;

[0013] Multiple floating beds are connected end to end, with the front end of the first floating bed connected to the traction vessel.

[0014] Step S3: Machine enters the site;

[0015] Combine harvesters are deployed in the harvesting area, with the harvester's cutting platform adjusted above the water surface and positioned at the base of the rice plants on the floating bed.

[0016] Step S4: The floating beds are towed by the tugboat through the floating bed passage area in sequence;

[0017] Step S5: Harvest the rice in sequence until the harvest is complete.

[0018] This invention addresses the problems of low efficiency and easy spillage of rice in water bodies during manual harvesting of floating rice. It provides a method for harvesting floating rice in coal mining subsidence areas, transforming the traditional method of harvesting stationary rice by a moving combine harvester into a method where the moving rice is harvested by a stationary combine harvester, thus breaking with traditional harvesting methods.

[0019] Preferably, the work area also includes a road that extends along the shore toward the water, with the harvesting area located at the end of the road.

[0020] Preferably, the work area also includes a straw stacking area, which is located at the end of the road and adjacent to the harvesting area.

[0021] Preferably, the floating bed passage area includes a floating bed inlet, a floating bed bend, and a floating bed outlet connected in sequence, with the floating bed bend located below the harvesting area.

[0022] Preferably, the floating bed inlet is funnel-shaped, the floating bed outlet extends along the tangential direction at the end of the floating bed bend, and the floating bed outlet is straight.

[0023] Preferably, multiple steering rollers are installed at intervals on both sides of the floating bed curve.

[0024] The floating bed curve is semi-circular, and steering rollers are installed on both sides inside the curve to facilitate turning and guidance.

[0025] Preferably, in step S3, the machine further includes a grain transport vehicle and a belt conveyor. The grain transport vehicle is located at the grain outlet of the combine harvester; one end of the belt conveyor is located at the straw discharge outlet of the combine harvester, and the other end is located in the straw stacking area.

[0026] Preferably, the combine harvester is placed near the water, with the harvester's cutting platform adjusted above the water surface and positioned at the base of the rice on the floating bed. Once the floating bed is moved to the combine harvester, a grain transport vehicle is positioned at the combine harvester's discharge port. When the rice is harvested, the grain transport vehicle catches the rice grains, and the belt conveyor catches the straw discharged from the combine harvester and transports it to the straw stacking area.

[0027] Preferably, in step S4, the floating beds connected by the tractor boat pass through the floating bed passage area in sequence. When the floating bed reaches the bend of the floating bed passage area, the position of the combine harvester's cutting platform is adjusted to be above the water surface and located at the rice roots on the floating plate. The rice is harvested in sequence, the grain transport vehicle transfers the harvested rice, and the belt conveyor continuously transports the discharged straw for stacking.

[0028] This invention relates to a floating bed rice harvesting device for coal mining subsidence areas, comprising a working area, a floating bed passage area, a combine harvester, a grain transport vehicle, a belt conveyor, and a tractor boat. The working area is located on the shore of the coal mining subsidence area. The floating bed passage area is located below the harvesting area. The combine harvester is located on the harvesting area. The grain transport vehicle is located on one side of the combine harvester and on the harvesting area. One side of the belt conveyor is adjacent to one side of the combine harvester. The tractor boat is located within the water area.

[0029] The advantages of this invention are:

[0030] This invention addresses the problems of low efficiency and water pollution associated with manual harvesting of floating rice in coal mining subsidence areas. It provides a method for harvesting floating rice in these areas, transforming the traditional method of using a moving combine harvester to harvest stationary rice into a system where the moving rice is harvested by the stationary combine harvester, thus breaking with conventional harvesting methods. In this invention, the combine harvester does not need to move to the water surface, eliminating draft variations, and the harvested rice stubble is uniform, facilitating subsequent processing of the floating bed. Furthermore, the floating bed is moved to the combine harvester by a tugboat; the floating bed is confined to its designated area, ensuring stable position during relative movement and facilitating harvesting.

[0031] This invention is highly adaptable, particularly suitable for the unique environment of coal mining subsidence areas, enabling effective harvesting of floating rice in irregular and deep water environments. It boasts high operational efficiency, replacing manual harvesting with mechanized operations, significantly improving harvesting speed and overall efficiency. It reduces labor intensity by minimizing direct manual labor, thus improving working conditions. It offers high safety by reducing personnel working in the water, lowering the risks of drowning and heatstroke. It is environmentally friendly by preventing rice straw from scattering into the water, reducing the risk of eutrophication and pollution, and protecting the aquatic ecosystem. Finally, it offers high economic benefits by turning straw into a valuable resource, expanding farmers' income channels.

[0032] The floating bed curve is semi-circular, and steering rollers are installed on both sides inside the curve to facilitate turning and guidance. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating bed rice harvesting method in coal mining subsidence waters according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating bed bend in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 In this embodiment of the invention, the floating bed is towed by a tugboat through the floating bed passage area.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a process flow diagram of the floating bed rice harvesting method in coal mining subsidence waters according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Numbering on the map:

[0038] 1. Water area in coal mining subsidence zone; 2. Floating bed; 3. Working area; 31. Road; 32. Harvesting area; 33. Straw stacking area; 4. Floating bed passage area; 41. Floating bed entrance; 42. Floating bed bend; 421. Steering roller; 43. Floating bed exit; 5. Grain transport vehicle; 6. Belt conveyor; 7. Tractor boat; 8. Combine harvester. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, multiple floating beds 2 float in the water area 1 of the coal mining subsidence zone, and rice is planted on the floating beds 2.

[0042] The method for harvesting rice on floating beds in coal mining subsidence areas includes the following steps:

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, step S1: construct the work area 3 and the floating bed passage area 4.

[0044] In the floating rice planting area, a harvesting operation area 3 and a floating bed passage area 4 are constructed from the shore towards the water. The operation area 3 includes a road 31, a harvesting area 32, and a straw stacking area 33. The floating bed passage area 4 includes a floating bed entrance 41, a floating bed bend 42, and a floating bed exit 43. The area below the harvesting area 32 is open, allowing the floating bed bend 42 to pass underneath.

[0045] The work area 3 is mainly used for transportation, harvesting and stacking. The road 31 is built along the coal mining subsidence area 1 towards the water area, and a straw stacking area 33 is built at the end of the road 31. The road 31 and the straw stacking area 33 are built with materials such as soil and stone. The harvesting area 32 is supported by concrete pillars, which are located outside the floating bed bend 42. The top is made of concrete to form a stable and reliable harvesting area 32, so that the bottom of the harvesting area 32 is about 1 decimeter above the water surface.

[0046] Road 31 provides transportation for combine harvesters 8 and grain transport vehicles 5. Straw storage area 33 is a place for storing rice straw and where belt conveyors 6 are installed. Harvesting area 32 is the site for deploying combine harvesters 8 and grain transport vehicles 5.

[0047] The floating bed entrance 41 is funnel-shaped and can be formed by vertically placing planks or other sheet metal components, facilitating entry for the towing vessel 7 and the floating bed 2. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the floating bed bend 42 is semi-circular, with steering rollers 421 installed on both sides inside for easy turning. The floating bed outlet 43 extends tangentially along the end of the floating bed bend 42, forming a straight line for easy exit.

[0048] Floating beds 2 float on the water, spaced apart, providing a culture medium and floating platform for rice. A tractor 7 provides traction for harvesting rice from the floating beds.

[0049] Step S2: Floating bed connection.

[0050] When harvesting rice on floating bed 2, first release the floating bed 2 from its fixed position, then connect the two sides of the floating bed with ropes to form a row, with the front end tied to the tractor 7.

[0051] If it is inconvenient to connect all the floating beds 2 into a series, some of the floating beds 2 can be connected appropriately.

[0052] Step S3: Machine enters the site.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, a combine harvester 8 with straw baling function is placed on the harvesting area 32, directly above the floating bed curve 42. The grain transport vehicle 5 is placed at the grain outlet of the combine harvester 8. One end of the belt conveyor 6 is placed at the straw discharge outlet of the combine harvester 8, and the other end is placed at a suitable position in the straw stacking area 33.

[0054] The combine harvester 8 is placed with its back to the road 31 and facing the water. The cutting platform is adjusted to be above the water surface and above the roots of the rice on the floating bed 2. The floating bed 2 and the rice are then moved to the combine harvester 8. The grain transport vehicle 5 is positioned at the discharge port of the combine harvester 8 to catch the rice grains when the rice is harvested. The belt conveyor 6 catches the straw discharged from the combine harvester 8 and transports it to a suitable location in the straw stacking area 33.

[0055] Step S4: The floating bed 2 is towed by the tractor 7 through the floating bed passage area 4 in sequence.

[0056] The floating bed 2, towed by the tractor 7, passes through the floating bed passage area 4 in sequence. When the floating bed 2 reaches the bend 42 of the floating bed, the position of the combine harvester 8's cutting platform is adjusted above the water surface, and the rice roots on the floating bed 2 are harvested in sequence. The grain transport vehicle 5 transfers the harvested rice in a timely manner, and the belt conveyor 6 continuously transports the discharged straw for stacking.

[0057] Step S5: Harvest the rice in sequence until the harvest is complete.

[0058] The rice on floating beds 2 is harvested sequentially until all the rice has been harvested. During the harvesting process, grain transport vehicles 5 can transport the grain to the shore as needed.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the rice on the floating bed 2 is ripe and ready for harvesting, a harvesting-related work area is built to provide a water platform for the harvesting machine, and a floating bed passage area 4 is built to provide a fixed channel for the rice floating bed. Then, the tractor 7 pulls the rice floating bed into the fixed channel. At this time, the combine harvester 8 located above the fixed channel performs the harvesting operation. The generated straw is packaged and piled in the stacking area to avoid potential pollution caused by scattering into the water.

[0060] In this embodiment, the combine harvester 8 does not need to move to the water surface, so there is no issue of draft change. The harvested rice stubble is uniform, which facilitates the later processing of the floating bed. Furthermore, the floating bed is moved to the combine harvester 8 by the tractor 7. The floating bed is confined to the floating bed passage area 4, and its position is stable during relative movement, which facilitates harvesting.

[0061] This embodiment addresses the problems of low efficiency and water pollution caused by manual harvesting of floating rice, providing a method for harvesting floating rice in coal mining subsidence areas. It transforms the traditional method of using a moving combine harvester to harvest stationary rice into a method where the moving rice is harvested by the stationary combine harvester, breaking with traditional harvesting concepts. This embodiment is highly adaptable, particularly suitable for the special environment of coal mining subsidence areas, enabling effective harvesting of floating rice in irregular and deep water environments. It boasts high operational efficiency, significantly improving harvesting speed and overall efficiency by replacing manual harvesting with mechanized operations. It reduces labor intensity by minimizing direct manual labor, improving working conditions. It offers high safety by reducing personnel working in the water, lowering the risks of drowning and heatstroke. It is environmentally friendly by preventing rice straw from scattering into the water, reducing the risk of eutrophication and pollution, and protecting the aquatic ecosystem. Finally, it offers high economic benefits by turning straw into a valuable resource, expanding farmers' income channels.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] A floating rice harvesting device for coal mining subsidence water areas includes an operating area 3, a floating bed passage area 4, a combine harvester 8, a grain transport vehicle 5, a belt conveyor 6, and a tractor boat 7. The operating area 3 is equipped with a harvesting area 32, which is located on the shore of the water area in the coal mining subsidence area. The floating bed passage area 4 is located below the harvesting area 32. The combine harvester 8 is located on the harvesting area 32. The grain transport vehicle 5 is located on one side of the combine harvester 8 and on the harvesting area 32. One side of the belt conveyor 6 is adjacent to one side of the combine harvester 8. The tractor boat 7 is located in the water area.

[0064] The road 31 and the straw stacking area 33 are constructed using materials such as soil and stone. The harvesting area 32 is supported by concrete pillars located outside the floating bed bend 42. The upper part is made of concrete to form a stable and reliable harvesting area 32, so that the bottom of the harvesting area 32 is about 1 decimeter above the water surface.

[0065] The floating bed inlet 41 is funnel-shaped and can be formed by vertically placing planks or other board materials to facilitate the entry of the tractor 7 and the floating bed 2. The floating bed bend 42 is semi-circular, with steering rollers 421 installed on both sides inside for easy turning and movement. The floating bed outlet 43 extends tangentially along the end of the floating bed bend 42, forming a straight line to facilitate the exit of the tractor 7.

[0066] Combine harvester 8, grain transport vehicle 5, belt conveyor 6, and tractor boat 7 can be selected according to their needs.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for harvesting rice on floating beds in coal mining subsidence areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Construct the work area and the floating bed passage area; The work area includes a harvesting area, which is open underneath; the floating bed passage is curved and passes under the harvesting area; Step S2: Floating bed connection; Multiple floating beds are connected end to end, with the front end of the first floating bed connected to a tractor. The floating bed passage area includes a floating bed inlet, a floating bed bend, and a floating bed outlet connected in sequence. The floating bed bend is located below the harvesting area. The floating bed inlet is funnel-shaped, and the floating bed outlet extends along the tangent at the end of the floating bed bend, forming a straight line. Multiple steering rollers are installed at intervals on both sides of the floating bed bend. Step S3: Machine enters the site; Combine harvesters are deployed in the harvesting area, with the harvester's cutting platform adjusted above the water surface and positioned at the base of the rice plants on the floating bed. Step S4: The floating beds are towed by the tractor and pass through the floating bed passage area in sequence. When the floating beds reach the bend of the floating bed passage area, the position of the combine harvester's cutting platform is adjusted to be above the water surface and located at the rice roots on the floating board. The rice is harvested in sequence. The grain transport vehicle transfers the harvested rice, and the belt conveyor continuously transports the discharged straw for stacking. Step S5: Harvest the rice in sequence until the harvest is complete.

2. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The work area also includes a road that extends along the shore toward the water, with the harvesting area located at the end of the road.

3. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The work area also includes a straw storage area, which is located at the end of the road and adjacent to the harvesting area.

4. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the machine also includes a grain transport vehicle and a belt conveyor. The grain transport vehicle is located at the grain outlet of the combine harvester; one end of the belt conveyor is located at the straw discharge outlet of the combine harvester, and the other end is located in the straw stacking area.

5. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combine harvester is placed near the water, with its header adjusted above the water surface and positioned at the base of the rice on the floating bed. Once the floating bed is moved to the combine harvester, a grain truck is positioned at the harvester's outlet. After the rice harvest is complete, the grain truck catches the rice grains, and the belt conveyor catches the straw discharged from the combine harvester and transports it to the straw storage area.

6. A floating rice harvesting device for coal mining subsidence areas, wherein the device harvests rice using the method described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The system includes a work area, a floating bed passage area, a combine harvester, a grain transport vehicle, a belt conveyor, and a tractor. The work area is located on the shore of the water in the coal mining subsidence area. The floating bed passage area is located below the harvesting area. The combine harvester is located on the harvesting area. The grain transport vehicle is located on one side of the combine harvester and on the harvesting area. One side of the belt conveyor is adjacent to one side of the combine harvester. The tractor is located in the water.

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