A method and apparatus for composite material detection based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection

Abstract

The application relates to a composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection, which comprises the following steps: a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting / receiving transducer generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal, outputs the signal into a detected composite material, and receives a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal from the detected composite material; the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting / receiving transducer inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal into a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal; and the detected composite material is judged according to the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal; wherein the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal comprises multiple incident signals with different pulse cycles and suitable for different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal comprises reflection signals corresponding to the incident signals. The application can meet the ultrasonic detection of composite materials in different detection scenes, and improves the ultrasonic detectability of the composite materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nondestructive testing technology for composite materials, and in particular to a method and apparatus for testing composite materials based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection. Background Technology

[0002] Composite materials with different functions and structural forms are currently being mass-produced and applied in aerospace, transportation, energy, and construction fields. Due to safety and quality control reasons, 100% non-destructive testing (NDT) is typically required for composite materials. Ultrasonic testing is currently the primary NDT method for composite materials. However, different types and structural forms of composite materials exhibit different ultrasonic propagation behaviors and signal characteristics, and different testing scenarios require different technical requirements and defect detection capabilities. To address the challenges of ultrasonic testing of composite materials with varying characteristics in different testing scenarios and to improve the reliability and accuracy of test results, appropriate ultrasonic testing methods and technologies are needed to meet the requirements for ultrasonic testing of composite materials. Currently, single-wavelength ultrasonic testing is primarily used to detect composite materials based on their characteristics.

[0003] Currently, ultrasonic testing of composite materials typically utilizes single-wave ultrasound generated by ultrasonic instruments. This method involves manual scanning by personnel or automated scanning by the equipment. However, its main drawbacks are: 1) Single-wave ultrasound is insufficient for the diverse testing scenarios required for composite materials. For example, some scenarios do not allow the use of liquid coupling agents, while others do. Single-wave ultrasound cannot meet the requirements of ultrasonic testing in different scenarios, thus affecting the inspectability of composite materials. 2) Some composite materials exhibit significant acoustic attenuation, while others have good wave transmission properties. Single-wave ultrasound cannot meet the testing requirements of composite materials with different acoustic attenuation behaviors, thus affecting the testing effectiveness and defect detection capabilities of ultrasound on different composite materials. 3) Different ultrasonic waves have different defect detection capabilities and sensitivities. Single-wave ultrasound cannot simultaneously meet the defect detection requirements of different composite materials. 4) When using different ultrasonic waves to test different composite materials in different testing scenarios, different ultrasonic testing systems are usually required, leading to increased equipment costs and increased testing space requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] This application provides a composite material testing method and device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection, which solves the problems of poor applicability, low accuracy and reliability, and low efficiency of current ultrasonic testing of composite materials.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection, which is implemented by a composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection; the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection includes a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver transducer and a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit;

[0008] Composite material testing methods based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection include:

[0009] The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer generates multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals, outputs them to the composite material being tested, and receives multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals from the composite material being tested.

[0010] The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit;

[0011] The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals to form multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signals;

[0012] Defect identification is performed on the composite material under test based on the time-domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal;

[0013] Among them, the multi-wave ultrasound incident signal includes a variety of incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasound reflection signal includes the reflection signal corresponding to each incident signal.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer includes multiple piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and acoustic beam characteristics.

[0015] A multi-wave ultrasonic transducer generates multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals, including:

[0016] The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit generates multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signals, which are then used to excite the corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer via a selection switch, generating multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals.

[0017] Furthermore, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit;

[0018] The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer inputs multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals into a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit, including:

[0019] The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / reception unit.

[0020] The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit performs analog processing on the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal and converts it into a radio frequency signal, which is then input into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit.

[0021] The multi-wave ultrasound signal processing unit digitizes the radio frequency signal and converts it into a digital signal, which is then input into the multi-wave ultrasound reflection signal fusion and display unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit;

[0023] The composite material testing method based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection also includes:

[0024] The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit drives the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver to scan the composite material under test, and obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each detection point;

[0025] The multi-wave ultrasound reflection scanning unit inputs multi-wave ultrasound position signals into the multi-wave ultrasound reflection signal fusion and display unit;

[0026] The multi-wave ultrasound reflection signal fusion and display unit fuses multi-wave ultrasound reflection signals and multi-wave ultrasound position signals to form a multi-wave ultrasound image;

[0027] Defects in the composite material being tested are identified based on the characteristics of multi-wave ultrasonic images.

[0028] Secondly, this application provides a composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection, including a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver transducer and a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit;

[0029] The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit;

[0030] The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer is used to generate multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals, output them to the composite material being tested, and receive multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals from the composite material being tested. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals are then input into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signal fusion and display unit.

[0031] The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit is used to reconstruct the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal, thereby identifying defects in the composite material being tested based on the time-domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal.

[0032] Among them, the multi-wave ultrasound incident signal includes a variety of incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasound reflection signal includes the reflection signal corresponding to each incident signal.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit, which includes multiple piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics, and acoustic beam characteristics.

[0034] Each piezoelectric sensing unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit via a selection switch; the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit.

[0035] The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit is used to generate multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signals. By selecting a switch, the corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer is excited to generate multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasound signal processing unit;

[0037] The multi-wave ultrasound signal processing unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasound excitation / receiving unit and the multi-wave ultrasound reflection signal fusion and display unit, respectively.

[0038] The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer is specifically used to input multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals into the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / reception unit.

[0039] The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit is also used to simulate and process the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals, converting them into radio frequency signals that are then input into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit.

[0040] The multi-wave ultrasound signal processing unit is used to digitally transform radio frequency signals into digital signals, which are then input into the multi-wave ultrasound reflection signal fusion and display unit.

[0041] Furthermore, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasound reflection scanning unit;

[0042] The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver transducer and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit, respectively.

[0043] The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit is used to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver to scan the composite material under test, obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each detection point, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit;

[0044] The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit is also used to fuse multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals and multi-wave ultrasonic position signals to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image, thereby identifying defects in the composite material being tested based on the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

[0045] Furthermore, the frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver is between 0.5MHz and 20MHz, and the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiver unit is matched with that of the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver.

[0046] Furthermore, the sampling frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is between 10MHz and 100MHz.

[0047] (3) Beneficial effects

[0048] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has the following advantages:

[0049] The first aspect of this application provides a composite material inspection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection. This method generates multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals using a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver, outputs these signals to the composite material being inspected, and receives multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals from the composite material. These reflected signals are then input into a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit. The unit reconstructs these signals to form a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal, thereby identifying defects in the composite material based on the temporal characteristics of the displayed signal. The multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals include various incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals include the reflected signals corresponding to each incident signal. This method can meet the needs of ultrasonic inspection of composite materials in different inspection scenarios, including situations where liquid coupling agents are not permitted or are applicable. This improves the applicability, accuracy, reliability, and efficiency of ultrasonic inspection of composite materials.

[0050] It is understandable that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 A flowchart of the composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection provided in this application;

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection provided in this application.

[0054] Reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver; 2. Multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit; 3. Multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit; 4. Multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit; 5. Multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit; 6. Composite material. Detailed Implementation

[0055] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0056] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0057] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. "A plurality" means "two or more."

[0059] The purpose of this application is to propose a method and device for ultrasonic reflection testing of composite materials for different composite materials and different testing scenarios, which is intended to improve the applicability, accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic testing of composite materials and the testing efficiency.

[0060] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0061] This application provides a composite material testing method based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection, implemented using a composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection includes a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 and a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, the composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection includes: a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 generates multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals and outputs them to the composite material 6 under test, and receives multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals from the composite material 6 under test; the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals into a multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signal fusion and display unit 4; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signal fusion and display unit 4 reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals to form a multi-wave ultrasonic reflected display signal; and the composite material under test is defect-identified based on the time-domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected display signal; wherein, the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals include multiple incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals include the reflected signals corresponding to each incident signal.

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2, and a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer 1 comprising multiple piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics, and acoustic beam characteristics. The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer 1 generates multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals, including: the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 generating multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signals, and the corresponding piezoelectric sensing units in the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer 1 being excited by a selection switch to generate multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3. The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4, including: the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2; the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 performs analog processing on the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal, converting it into a radio frequency signal which is then input into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3 performs digital conversion on the radio frequency signal, converting it into a digital signal which is then input into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5. The composite material testing method based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection further includes: the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5 driving the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 to scan the composite material 6 under test, obtaining multi-wave ultrasonic position signals at each testing point; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5 inputting the multi-wave ultrasonic position signals into a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4 fusing the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signals to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image; and determining defects in the composite material under test based on the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

[0066] In application, based on the characteristics of the composite material being tested and the testing scenario, a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal is generated by the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2. Through the selection switches K1, K2, and K3 in the multiplexer, the piezoelectric units M1, M2, and M3 in the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer 1 are sequentially excited to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u. i1 u i2 u i3 As an incident multi-wave ultrasound signal, u i1 This is the first type of ultrasound, with an ultrasonic pulse frequency N = 1.0–1.5, using a liquid as the acoustic coupling agent; i2 This is the second type of ultrasound, with N = 1.5–2, using a liquid as the acoustic coupling agent; u i3 This is the third type of ultrasound, with N = 3.0–20, using air as a coupling agent.

[0067] Multi-wave ultrasound incident signal u i1 u i2 u i3 The ultrasonic signal propagates through a suitable acoustic coupling medium into the composite material being tested and interacts with the composite material, forming a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal. r1 u r2 u r3 Multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal u r1 u r2 u r3 After being received by the piezoelectric units M1, M2, and M3 in the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1, the signals are transmitted to the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 for analog processing, and then converted into volt-level radio frequency signals. The multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3 then performs digital conversion, converting the signals into digital signals. After that, the signals are sent to the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4 for multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal reconstruction, forming a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal. Defects are then identified based on the time-domain characteristics of this multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal.

[0068] Simultaneously, the generated multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals are fused with the corresponding position signals from the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 to form a corresponding multi-wave ultrasonic image. Defects are then identified based on the characteristics of this multi-wave ultrasonic image. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5 drives the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 to scan the composite material under test, obtaining the multi-wave ultrasonic signal and corresponding multi-wave ultrasonic position signal at each detection point. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal is then reconstructed and imaged to obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal and image of the entire composite material under test, thereby achieving multi-wave ultrasonic reflection coverage detection of composite materials with different detection requirements in different scenarios.

[0069] Depending on the different detection scenarios, composite material characteristics, and defect detection requirements, multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals can be selected. i1 u i2 u i3 Or a combination thereof, to obtain the best detection results and effects. Based on different composite material processes, structural geometry characteristics, and detection requirements, a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5 is selected to realize the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u i1 u i2 u i3 Or a combination of them, to obtain the best detection results and detection effects.

[0070] The position signal of the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 is obtained by the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5, and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal u of the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 at the corresponding position is obtained by the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3. r1 u r2 u r3 Alternatively, combinations thereof, through the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4, can display the detection results in signal and / or image format, and perform defect identification based on the displayed results. Using different multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning units 5, automatic 2D (two-dimensional) and 3D (three-dimensional) multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning of composite material structures with different geometries can be achieved.

[0071] By selecting different multi-wave ultrasonic transducers 1 and multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing units 3, multi-wave ultrasonic testing of composite materials of different types or with different acoustic characteristics can be achieved. Using the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4, 2D and 3D display and analysis of the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection method test results can be realized.

[0072] The basic process of multi-wave ultrasonic reflection testing is as follows: determine the composite material being tested, its process and structural characteristics, and the testing requirements; determine the testing scenario; select the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u. i1 u i2 u i3Select the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5; select the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4; perform multi-wave ultrasonic reflection detection on the composite material 6 to be tested according to the given scanning method; after the detection is completed, use the detection results displayed in the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4 to perform defect assessment.

[0073] This application also provides a composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 and a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4. The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4. The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 generates multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals, outputs them to the composite material 6 under test, and receives multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals from the composite material 6 under test, inputting these multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4 reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals to form multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signals, thereby identifying defects in the composite material under test based on the time-domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signals. The multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals include various incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals include the reflection signals corresponding to each incident signal.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2. The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer 1 includes multiple piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics, and beam characteristics. Each piezoelectric sensing unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 via a selection switch. The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4. The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 is used to generate multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signals. By selecting the switch, the corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer 1 is excited to generate multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3 is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4 respectively; the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer 1 is specifically used to input the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2; the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 is also used to perform analog processing on the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal and convert it into a radio frequency signal for input into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3 is used to perform digital conversion on the radio frequency signal and convert it into a digital signal for input into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5 is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4 respectively; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5 is used to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 to scan the composite material 6 under test, obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each detection point, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4 is also used to fuse the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image, thereby judging the defects of the composite material under test based on the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

[0077] In some embodiments, the frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 is between 0.5 MHz and 20 MHz, and the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiver unit 2 is matched with that of the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver.

[0078] In some embodiments, the sampling frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3 is between 10 MHz and 100 MHz.

[0079] In applications, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection consists of a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1, a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2, a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3, a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4, and a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5, etc. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer 1 is composed of a piezoelectric sensing unit with different frequencies, pulse characteristics, and beam characteristics, and is used to generate multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals u. i1 u i2 u i3 and receiving multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals from the composite material being tested. r1 u r2 u r3 The frequency ranges from 0.5MHz to 20MHz; the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit 2 is composed of a unit capable of generating multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signals and pre-processing multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signals, and its bandwidth is matched with the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver 1 with a frequency range of 0.5MHz to 20MHz; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 3 is composed of an acquisition unit with A / D conversion, and its sampling frequency is selectable between 10MHz and 100MHz; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit 4 is composed of a computer and an imaging unit, realizing the display of detection result signals, 2D and 3D imaging; the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit 5 is composed of a multi-axis scanning mechanism, and is composed of 1-14 scanning axes depending on the shape and size of the composite material structure being tested.

[0080] This application proposes a composite material testing method and device based on the principle of multi-wave ultrasonic reflection, considering different testing scenarios, characteristics of different composite materials being tested, and testing requirements. This method can meet the ultrasonic testing needs of different testing scenarios and types of composite materials, applicable to both situations where liquid coupling agents are not permitted and situations where they are applicable. It addresses the ultrasonic testing requirements of composite materials under different testing scenarios, thereby improving the ultrasonic inspectability of composite materials. It can be used for ultrasonic testing of composite materials with significantly different acoustic attenuation characteristics and transmission characteristics, addressing the testing requirements of composite materials with different acoustic attenuation behaviors, thus improving the ultrasonic testing effect and defect detection capability for different composite materials. It can also meet the ultrasonic defect detection requirements of different composite materials. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for different ultrasonic testing systems in different testing scenarios, thereby saving ultrasonic equipment costs and reducing the demand for testing sites.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0082] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection, characterized by, Includes a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver and a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer is used to generate multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals, output them to the composite material being tested, and receive multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals from the composite material being tested. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signals are then input into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signal fusion and display unit. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit is used to reconstruct the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal, thereby identifying defects in the composite material under test based on the time-domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection display signal. The multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal includes multiple incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal includes the reflection signal corresponding to each incident signal; It also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit, wherein the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer includes multiple piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and acoustic beam characteristics, and each piezoelectric sensing unit has a fixed posture and is integrated together. Each of the piezoelectric sensing units is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit via a selection switch; the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit. The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit is used to generate multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signals. Through the selection switches K1, K2, and K3 in the multiplexer, the piezoelectric units M1, M2, and M3 in the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer are sequentially excited to generate multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals. , , As an incident multi-wave ultrasound signal, among which, This is the first type of ultrasound, with the number of ultrasound pulse cycles. Using liquid as an acoustic coupling agent; This is the second type of ultrasound. Using liquid as an acoustic coupling agent; This is the third type of ultrasound. Air is used as a coupling agent.

2. The composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a multi-wave ultrasound signal processing unit; The multi-wave ultrasound signal processing unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasound excitation / receiving unit and the multi-wave ultrasound reflection signal fusion and display unit, respectively. The multi-wave ultrasonic transducer is specifically used to input the multi-wave ultrasonic reflected signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / reception unit. The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit is also used to perform analog processing on the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal and convert it into a radio frequency signal input to the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit. The multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is used to digitally transform the radio frequency signal and input it into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit.

3. The composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a multi-wave ultrasound reflection scanning unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer and the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit, respectively. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection scanning unit is used to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer to scan the composite material under test, obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each detection point, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit. The multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal fusion and display unit is also used to fuse the multi-wave ultrasonic reflection signal and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image, thereby identifying defects in the composite material being tested based on the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

4. The composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver is between 0.5MHz and 20MHz, and the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation / receiving unit is matched with that of the multi-wave ultrasonic transducer / receiver.

5. The composite material testing device based on multi-wave ultrasonic reflection as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sampling frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is between 10MHz and 100MHz.

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