A rim self-lubricating combined heavy crane vehicle wheel

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of crane wheels, in particular to a rim self-lubricating combined heavy crane wheel, comprising a wheel working sleeve, a wheel inner ring, a lubricating assembly, a first tensioning assembly and a second tensioning assembly; the inner ring of the wheel inner ring is connected with the wheel shaft of the crane through the first tensioning assembly in interference fit; the outer ring of the wheel inner ring and the inner ring of the wheel working sleeve are connected through the second tensioning assembly in interference fit; the outer ring of the wheel working sleeve is provided with the lubricating assembly for lubrication. Compared with the prior art, the present application can improve and enhance the performance of the wheel tread working layer, realize the separate, rapid and efficient replacement and assembly and disassembly of the wheel working layer without disassembling the axle, and reduce the impact load before the rim contacts with the track side and the friction when the rim contacts with the track side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of crane wheels, and in particular to a self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel with a rim. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy, the demand for steel has surged, and steel production capacity has continued to expand. Steel companies need casting cranes with larger lifting capacities. my country has independently designed and manufactured over a hundred casting cranes with a lifting capacity of over 400 tons. Taking the eight 550-ton four-beam, four-rail casting cranes (the largest lifting capacity in Asia) provided by Taiyuan Heavy Industry to JSW Steel Group of India as an example, these cranes consist of 12 sets of wheel sets, totaling 24 wheels, including 8 drive wheels. Taking the 480 / 80-ton, four-beam, six-rail, double-trolley casting cranes commonly used in large steel mills as an example, their wheel sets are divided into two-wheel sets and three-wheel sets. Each crane has a total of 16 wheel sets, or 36 wheels. A casting workshop with 10 480-ton cranes has 360 wheels in service, with each wheel set weighing over 2 tons.

[0003] The cost of replacing worn-out wheels constitutes a significant portion of crane operating and maintenance costs. The replacement process involves lengthy disassembly and reassembly, requires substantial manpower, operates in confined spaces, and involves working at height. Replacing each wheel set necessitates 8-10 fitters and 8-10 hours of maintenance. Especially when the crane's traveling mechanism wheel sets malfunction, prolonged forced shutdowns for repairs can cause substantial economic losses to steel mills. Furthermore, replacing wheels requires first disassembling the entire wheel set, hoisting it to a designated location, removing the axle and bearings, and then reinstalling the new wheels with the axle and bearings.

[0004] Currently, integral forged wheels commonly use materials such as 42CrMo and 65Mn, and the forging and heat treatment processes are relatively mature, leaving little room for further improvement in the performance of the working layer. Furthermore, heavy-duty casting cranes have large load capacities, and during crane operation, there is a certain amount of lateral displacement (wheel axial direction), which generates significant lateral impact on the wheel flange. This leads to severe dry sliding friction and wear between the flange and the rail side, resulting in excessive flange wear and premature wheel failure. Therefore, the quality and performance of large casting crane wheels are crucial. Improving the strength, hardness, and hardened layer depth of the crane wheel tread working layer, and enhancing its wear resistance, can extend the wheel's service life, reduce replacement frequency, and help steel companies reduce costs and increase efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel with a wheel flange. This improves the performance of the wheel tread working layer, enabling rapid and efficient replacement and disassembly of the wheel working layer without disassembling the axle, and reducing impact loads before the wheel flange contacts the rail side and friction during contact.

[0006] The technical solution for realizing the present invention is as follows: a rim-self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel, comprising a wheel working sleeve, a wheel inner ring, a lubrication component, a first tensioning component, and a second tensioning component; the inner circle of the wheel inner ring is interference-fitted with the crane wheel axle through the first tensioning component; the outer circle of the wheel inner ring is interference-fitted with the inner circle of the wheel working sleeve through the second tensioning component; a lubrication component is installed on the outer ring of the wheel working sleeve for lubrication.

[0007] Furthermore, a first groove is formed near the inner circle of the wheel inner rim, and a concave first oil groove with the inner rim of the wheel as the central axis is machined along the thickness direction from the bottom surface of the first groove, and hydraulic oil is injected into the concave first oil groove; a second groove is formed near the outer circle of the wheel inner rim, and a concave second oil groove with the inner rim of the wheel as the central axis is machined along the thickness direction from the bottom surface of the second groove, and hydraulic oil is injected into the concave second oil groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the first tensioning assembly includes: a first clamping pad, a hexagon socket head cap screw, a spring washer, a first clamping ring, and a first sealing ring; after hydraulic oil is injected into the first oil groove on the inner rim of the wheel, it is clamped and sealed by the first clamping ring and the first sealing ring; the first clamping pad is installed in the first recess on the inner rim of the wheel, and the first clamping pad has a through hole. The hexagon socket head cap screw passes through the spring washer, the through hole on the first clamping pad, and engages with the first threaded hole on the inner rim of the wheel to clamp the first clamping pad, thereby further clamping the first clamping ring and squeezing the hydraulic oil.

[0009] Furthermore, the second tensioning assembly includes: a second clamping pad, a hexagonal head screw, a spring washer, a second sealing ring, and a second clamping ring; after hydraulic oil is injected into the second oil groove on the inner wheel rim, it is clamped and sealed by the second clamping ring and the second sealing ring; the second clamping pad is installed in the second recess on the inner wheel rim, and the second clamping pad has a through hole. The hexagonal head screw passes through the spring washer, the through hole on the second clamping pad, and engages with the second threaded hole on the inner wheel rim to clamp the second clamping pad, further clamp the second clamping ring, and squeeze the hydraulic oil.

[0010] Furthermore, the first tensioning assembly or the second tensioning assembly also includes a cylindrical helical compression spring, one end of which is fixed to the end face of the recess, and the other end is pressed by the pressure pad, so that the force is balanced when the pressure pad is pressed by the internal hexagonal head screw.

[0011] Furthermore, the lubrication components include: a straight-through pressure injection cup and a friction-reducing ring; an annular groove is machined on the inner side of the wheel working sleeve rim portion for installing the friction-reducing ring, wherein the friction-reducing ring is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rim; the friction-reducing ring is used for rim impact buffering and automatic lubrication; through holes are uniformly machined along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the wheel working sleeve rim portion for installing the straight-through pressure injection cup, providing lubricating oil to the friction-reducing ring while preventing lubricating oil from flowing out of the holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the friction-reducing ring is machined with a lubricating oil injection port, which connects the hollow oil storage chamber inside the friction-reducing ring to the outside. When the friction-reducing ring comes into contact with the external crane rail, it undergoes elastic deformation, squeezing the lubricating oil out of the injection port to the wheel flange and the side of the rail.

[0013] Furthermore, the angle of the injection port machined on the friction reduction ring is designed to be close to the wheel working sleeve, which allows the flowing lubricating oil to be drawn into the hollow oil storage cavity through the injection port, achieving the effect of recycling.

[0014] Furthermore, the first tensioning component and the second tensioning component are respectively disposed on the two end faces of the inner rim of the wheel.

[0015] The significant advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are:

[0016] 1. This invention utilizes discarded crane wheels, which not only greatly improves the service life of the wheels but also allows for quick replacement of the wheel working sleeves once they reach the end of their service life, eliminating the need to replace other parts of the wheel and significantly reducing material consumption.

[0017] 2. Through the first tensioning component and the second tensioning component, the present invention enables the wheel to achieve a highly efficient interference fit between the wheel and the axle and between the wheel and the annular working sleeve, and enables online, fast, efficient and non-destructive disassembly, which can significantly reduce wheel maintenance time and downtime.

[0018] 3. The lubrication component of this invention plays the role of shock absorption and lubrication of the wheel flange, which can reduce the impact load and lubricate before the wheel flange contacts the side of the track. It can effectively reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the wheel flange and the side of the crane track, and has a significant effect on alleviating the severe dry sliding friction wear of the wheel flange side. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a two-dimensional view of the direction in which the second tensioning component of the present invention is located;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4A two-dimensional view of the first tensioning component of the present invention in the direction of its location;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a magnified view of a portion of the lubrication assembly;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a magnified view of a portion of the first tensioning component;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of wheel working sleeve;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the inner rim of a wheel;

[0027] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of a straight-through pressure injection cup (GB1152-89);

[0028] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a wheel rim impact buffer and self-lubricating friction-reducing ring (polyurethane);

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first clamping ring (small diameter);

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first compression pad (small diameter).

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second clamping ring (large diameter);

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the second compression pad (large diameter);

[0033] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the GB / T70.1-2008 standard for internal hex socket head cap screws.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] 1-Wheel working sleeve; 2-Straight-through pressure injection cup; 3-Wheel flange impact buffer and automatic lubrication friction reduction ring (polyurethane); 4-Wheel inner ring; 5-Cylindrical helical compression spring; 6-Pressure pad; 7-Hexagon socket head cap screw; 8-Spring washer; 9-Pressure ring; 10-First sealing ring; 11-Crane rail outline. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-15 The present invention will be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0037] This invention relates to a self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel. It improves the performance of the wheel tread working layer and allows for quick and efficient replacement and disassembly of the wheel working layer without disassembling the axle. The main structure includes a wheel working sleeve 1, a wheel inner ring 4, a lubrication assembly, a first tensioning assembly, and a second tensioning assembly. The inner circle of the wheel inner ring 4 is interference-fitted with the crane's wheel axle via the first tensioning assembly; the outer circle of the wheel inner ring 4 is interference-fitted with the inner circle of the wheel working sleeve 1 via the second tensioning assembly. A lubrication assembly is installed on the outer ring of the wheel working sleeve 1 for lubrication.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the first tensioning assembly includes: a cylindrical helical compression spring 5, a first clamping pad 6, an internal hexagonal head screw 7, a spring washer 8, a first clamping ring 9, and a first sealing ring 10.

[0039] After the inner ring 4 of the wheel is fitted onto the wheel axle, a first groove is formed on the inner ring 4 near the inner circle (with the central axis of the inner ring 4 as the center of rotation). From the bottom of the first groove, a concave first oil groove is machined along the thickness direction (with the central axis of the inner ring 4 as the center of rotation) from the inner circle of the inner ring 4. Hydraulic oil is injected into the concave first oil groove.

[0040] The first settling tank is also evenly provided with six sets of first threaded holes for installing the first tensioning component.

[0041] After hydraulic oil is injected into the concave first oil groove on the inner rim 4 of the wheel, it is pressed and sealed by the first clamping ring 9 and the first sealing ring 10.

[0042] A first pressure pad 6 is installed in the first recess (end face of the first pressure ring 9) on the inner rim 4 of the wheel. The first pressure pad 6 has six sets of through holes. The hexagonal head screw 7 passes through the spring washer 8, the through holes on the first pressure pad 6, and engages with the first threaded hole on the inner rim 4 of the wheel to press the first pressure pad 6, thereby further pressing the first pressure ring 9 and squeezing the hydraulic oil. One end of the cylindrical helical compression spring 5 is fixed to the end face of the first recess, and the other end is pressed by the first pressure pad 6. This ensures that the force is balanced when the first pressure pad 6 is pressed by the hexagonal head screw 7, thus ensuring a tight connection.

[0043] After the inner ring 4 of the wheel is connected to the wheel axle, tighten the internal hexagonal head screw 7. The hydraulic oil is squeezed by the first clamping pad 6 and the first clamping ring 9, causing the inner circle of the inner ring 4 of the wheel to expand inward and squeeze the wheel axle, thereby achieving the effect of interference fit between the inner ring 4 of the wheel and the wheel axle.

[0044] The first sealing ring 10 is a hydraulic and pneumatic O-ring rubber, used to ensure that hydraulic oil does not flow out of the groove and to prevent dust from entering.

[0045] Wheel sleeve 1 is made of high alloy material;

[0046] The first pressing pad 6, the first pressing ring 9, and the first sealing ring 10 all rotate around the central axis of the inner wheel ring 4.

[0047] The second tensioning assembly includes: a cylindrical helical compression spring 5, a second clamping pad, an internal hexagonal head screw 7, a spring washer 8, a second sealing ring, and a second clamping ring.

[0048] A second groove (on the opposite end face to the first groove) is provided on the inner rim 4 of the wheel near the outer circle (near the wheel working sleeve 1) with the central axis of the inner rim 4 as the center of rotation. From the bottom surface of the second groove, near the outer circle of the inner rim 4 of the wheel, a concave second oil groove is machined along the thickness direction (with the central axis of the inner rim 4 as the center of rotation). Hydraulic oil is injected into the concave second oil groove.

[0049] The second settling tank is also evenly provided with nine sets of second threaded holes for installing the second tensioning component.

[0050] After hydraulic oil is injected into the second oil groove on the inner rim 4 of the wheel, it is pressed and sealed by the second clamping ring and the second sealing ring.

[0051] A second clamping pad is installed in the second recess on the inner rim 4 of the wheel. The second clamping pad has nine sets of through holes. The hexagonal head screw 7 passes through the spring washer 8, the through holes on the second clamping pad, and engages with the second threaded hole on the inner rim 4 of the wheel to clamp the second clamping pad, thereby further clamping the second clamping ring and squeezing the hydraulic oil. One end of the cylindrical helical compression spring 5 is fixed to the end face of the second recess, and the other end is clamped by the second clamping pad, so that the force is balanced when the hexagonal head screw 7 clamps the second clamping pad, thus ensuring a tight connection.

[0052] After the inner ring 4 of the wheel is connected to the wheel working sleeve 1, tighten the internal hexagonal head screw 7. The hydraulic oil is squeezed by the second clamping pad and the second clamping ring, causing the outer circle of the inner ring 4 of the wheel to expand outward and squeeze the wheel working sleeve 1, so as to achieve the effect of interference fit between the inner ring 4 of the wheel and the wheel working sleeve 1.

[0053] The first sealing ring 10 and the second rubber sealing ring have the same structure but different dimensions, with the second rubber sealing ring being larger than the first sealing ring 10.

[0054] The first clamping ring 9 and the second clamping ring have the same structure but different dimensions;

[0055] The first and second pressing pads have the same structure, but differ in the number and size of the through holes.

[0056] like Figure 5As shown, the lubrication assembly includes: a straight-through pressure injection cup 2 and a friction-reducing ring 3;

[0057] Annular grooves are machined on the inner sides (symmetrically) of the two rim portions of the wheel working sleeve 1 (with the central axis of the wheel working sleeve 1 as the rotation center) to place the friction-reducing rings 3. The friction-reducing rings 3 are a pair (two), one on each side rim.

[0058] The friction-reducing ring 3 is used for impact buffering and automatic lubrication of the wheel rim. The friction-reducing ring 3 is made of polyurethane. The interior of the friction-reducing ring 3 has a hollow structure to store lubricating oil.

[0059] Furthermore, tiny through holes are uniformly machined along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the wheel flange portion of the wheel working sleeve 1, with 6 holes on each side, to install the straight-through pressure injection cup 2, which provides lubricating oil to the hollow structure of the friction-reducing ring 3 while preventing lubricating oil from flowing out of the tiny through holes.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, the friction-reducing ring 3 has a lubricating oil injection port machined near the wheel working sleeve 1. The injection port connects the hollow oil storage cavity inside the friction-reducing ring 3 to the outside. When the friction-reducing ring 3 comes into contact with the external crane rail, it will undergo elastic deformation, squeezing the lubricating oil from the injection port to the wheel flange and the side of the crane rail, thereby reducing friction.

[0061] Meanwhile, the angle of the injection port machined on the friction reduction ring 3 is designed to be close to the wheel working sleeve 1, so as to draw the lubricating oil left from the wheel flange into the hollow oil storage cavity through the injection port, so as to achieve the effect of lubricating oil recycling and avoid waste.

[0062] The lubrication component serves both as an impact buffer for the wheel flange and as a lubricant to reduce friction. It can reduce the impact load and provide lubrication before the wheel flange contacts the side of the rail. It can effectively reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the wheel flange and the side of the crane rail, and has a significant effect on alleviating the severe dry sliding friction wear on the side of the wheel flange.

[0063] This invention utilizes scrap crane wheels for manufacturing. The worn and failed parts of the scrap wheels only account for a small portion of the entire wheel. After cutting away the worn area (working layer), scrap Cr3 and Cr5 support roller materials are used to process a high-strength, high-wear-resistant annular U-shaped groove wheel working sleeve 1 through separate forging and heat treatment. This replaces the original wheel working layer, which not only greatly improves the service life of the wheel, but also allows for quick replacement after the wheel working sleeve 1 reaches the end of its service life. Other parts of the wheel do not need to be replaced, greatly reducing material consumption.

[0064] The modular heavy-duty crane wheel disclosed in this invention utilizes recycled materials and green manufacturing processes, which can reduce costs and increase efficiency for enterprises. Furthermore, the assembly and disassembly of this modular wheel are simple, quick, and efficient, significantly reducing wheel replacement time and downtime, and greatly lowering the maintenance and upkeep costs of the crane.

[0065] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this invention. This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flange-self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel, characterized in that, The system includes a wheel sleeve, an inner wheel ring, a lubrication assembly, a first tensioning assembly, and a second tensioning assembly. The inner circle of the inner wheel ring is interference-fitted with the crane's wheel axle via the first tensioning assembly. The outer circle of the inner wheel ring is interference-fitted with the inner circle of the wheel sleeve via the second tensioning assembly. A lubrication assembly is installed on the outer circle of the wheel sleeve for lubrication. After the wheel sleeve reaches the end of its service life, the heavy-duty crane wheel can be individually replaced and removed without disassembling the wheel axle. A cylindrical spiral compression spring is provided on the first or second tensioning assembly. One end of the cylindrical spiral compression spring is fixed to the end face of the sink, and the other end is pressed by the pressure pad, so that the force is balanced when the pressure pad is pressed by the internal hexagonal cylindrical head screw. The corner with the oil outlet slot machined on the friction reduction ring is designed to be close to the wheel working sleeve. When the excess lubricating oil squeezed out flows down the inner wall of the wheel working sleeve, the flowing lubricating oil can be sucked into the hollow oil storage cavity through the injection port, which plays the role of recovering excess lubricating oil.

2. The flange self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first groove is formed near the inner circle of the wheel. A concave first oil groove with the inner circle of the wheel as the center axis is machined along the thickness direction from the bottom surface of the first groove. Hydraulic oil is injected into the concave first oil groove. A second groove is formed near the outer circle of the wheel. A concave second oil groove with the inner circle of the wheel as the center axis is machined along the thickness direction from the bottom surface of the second groove. Hydraulic oil is injected into the concave second oil groove.

3. The flange self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first tensioning assembly includes: a first clamping pad, a hexagon socket head cap screw, a spring washer, a first clamping ring, and a first sealing ring. After hydraulic oil is injected into the first oil groove on the inner rim of the wheel, it is clamped and sealed by the first clamping ring and the first sealing ring. The first clamping pad is installed in the first recess on the inner rim of the wheel. The first clamping pad has a through hole. The hexagon socket head cap screw passes through the spring washer, the through hole on the first clamping pad, and engages with the first threaded hole on the inner rim of the wheel to clamp the first clamping pad, which in turn further clamps the first clamping ring and squeezes the hydraulic oil.

4. The flange self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second tensioning assembly includes: a second clamping pad, a hexagon socket head cap screw, a spring washer, a second sealing ring, and a second clamping ring. After hydraulic oil is injected into the second oil groove on the inner wheel rim, it is clamped and sealed by the second clamping ring and the second sealing ring. The second clamping pad is installed in the second recess on the inner wheel rim. The second clamping pad has a through hole. The hexagon socket head cap screw passes through the spring washer, the through hole on the second clamping pad, and engages with the second threaded hole on the inner wheel rim to clamp the second clamping pad, further clamp the second clamping ring, and squeeze the hydraulic oil.

5. The flange self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lubrication components include: a straight-through pressure injection cup and a friction-reducing ring; an annular groove is machined on the inner side of the wheel working sleeve rim to install the friction-reducing ring, wherein the friction-reducing ring is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rim; the friction-reducing ring is used for rim impact buffering and automatic lubrication; through holes are uniformly machined along the circumference on the outer side of the wheel working sleeve rim to install the straight-through pressure injection cup, which provides lubricating oil to the friction-reducing ring while preventing lubricating oil from flowing out of the holes.

6. The flange self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction-reducing ring is machined with a spray nozzle, which connects the hollow oil storage chamber inside the friction-reducing ring to the outside. When the friction-reducing ring comes into contact with the external crane rail, it undergoes elastic deformation, squeezing the lubricating oil out of the spray nozzle to the wheel flange and the side of the rail.

7. The flange self-lubricating combined heavy-duty crane wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first tensioning component and the second tensioning component are respectively installed on the two end faces of the inner rim of the wheel.

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