A device and process for drafting hemp and wool fibers using single skin drafting

Abstract

The application relates to a sliver drawing device and process for drawing hemp and wool fibers using a single apron, which sequentially comprises a back roller and apron roller pair, a single apron drawing mechanism and a front roller and apron roller pair; the back roller and apron roller pair comprises a back roller and a back apron roller; the front roller and apron roller pair comprises a front roller and a front apron roller; the single apron drawing mechanism comprises a back apron roller, a front apron roller and corresponding back and front compression rollers, and the back apron roller and the front apron roller are provided with a drawing apron. The back and front compression rollers in the application work in cooperation with the drawing apron to control the fibers by using elastic jaws, which can control the movement of short fibers so that the short fibers do not disperse from the sliver, is conducive to improving the evenness of the output sliver, and can also make long fibers smoothly drawn out without being drawn out. The application adopts single apron drawing, which does not cause damage to the fibers, and the single apron drawing structure is simple, can adapt to high speed, and thus can improve the sliver output speed and production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile technology, and in particular relates to a drawing device and process for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer sliver drawing. Background Technology

[0002] The drawing of hemp and wool fibers is a crucial step in the spinning process, directly impacting subsequent processing and product quality. Hemp and wool fibers are long and uneven in length; therefore, to rationally control the movement of both long and short fibers during drafting, needle plate drafting is commonly used in hemp and wool fiber drawing. The needle plate is the intermediate mechanism controlling fiber movement. However, the up-and-down movement of the needle plate as it leaves and enters the drafting control zone relies on the impact of the screw head, resulting in significant noise and vibration on the machine. In particular, the periodic relative pauses that occur when each working needle plate leaves the drafting control zone and detaches from the fiber cause periodic changes in the distance between the foremost needle plate and the front jaws, hindering normal fiber movement and affecting the evenness of the output sliver. Furthermore, the needle plate can easily damage the fibers when penetrating the fiber layer and cause them to become entangled. Additionally, the needle plate drafting mechanism is complex, and the production speed of the drawing sliver (card comb) machine is limited by the up-and-down movement of the needle plate. At high speeds, the strong impact of the screw head on the needle plate can easily damage machine parts. Therefore, the current output speed (sliver speed) of the front roller of the combing machine is only 60-70 m / min, which seriously affects the production efficiency.

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of needle plate drafting, double-plate drafting is sometimes used in hemp and wool sliver drawing. Compared with needle plate drafting, double-plate drafting eliminates the need for a comb box, making it more suitable for high speeds. However, the plates have weaker control over large-quantity fiber slivers, effectively controlling only the fibers in direct contact. Therefore, when the fiber sliver is thick, the fibers in the middle layer are prone to a speed difference with the fibers in the upper and lower layers (the fiber layers in contact with the upper and lower plates), leading to delamination. Simultaneously, the plates are made of rubber with poor conductivity, and the friction between the double plates during movement easily generates static electricity, causing fibers to become entangled or wrap around machine parts.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of hemp and wool fiber drawing device and process to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose a drawing device and process for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer drawing, which can effectively solve the problems of poor uniformity of output sliver, fiber damage, and slow output speed when using needle plate drawing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A drawing device for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer drawing, comprising, in sequence, a pair of rear rollers, a single-layer drawing mechanism, and a pair of front rollers;

[0008] The rear roller pair includes a rear roller and a rear skin roller, which together form the rear jaws of the drafting process;

[0009] The front roller pair includes a front roller and a front skin roller, which together form the front jaws for drafting;

[0010] The single-sheet drafting mechanism includes a rear sheet roller, a front sheet roller, and corresponding rear pressure rollers and front pressure rollers. Drafting sheets are fitted onto the rear and front sheet rollers. The rear and front pressure rollers, relying on their weight, form elastic jaws with the drafting sheets to hold the fiber sliver, thus balancing the control of long and short fibers during drafting.

[0011] Preferably, the rear and front rollers have the same diameter, rotate synchronously, and have the same linear velocity.

[0012] Preferably, both ends of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller are supported by U-shaped support frames.

[0013] A sliver drawing process for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer veneer drawing, employing the aforementioned sliver drawing device, includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: The feed strip is first held by the rear jaws formed by the rear roller and the rear skin roller;

[0015] S2: It is then transferred to the stretching plate;

[0016] S3: Finally, the fiber is held by the front nip formed by the front roller and the front skin roller. The fiber is pulled out from the elastic nip formed by the rear pressure roller, the front pressure roller and the drafting skin plate. After acceleration and drafting, the output strip is formed and output from the front nip.

[0017] Preferably, the diameters of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller are both 35-60 mm, the center distance between them is 180-220 mm, and the thickness of the stretching sheet is 2-4 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the center distance between the rear roller and the front roller is 300-350 mm, and the center distance between the rear roller and the rear skin plate roller is 35-65 mm.

[0019] Preferably, the feed strip is fed at a rate of 5-20 g / m, and 4-12 strips can be fed at the same time.

[0020] Preferably, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rear skin roller to the rear roller is 1 to 1.6 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller to the front skin roller is 4 to 10 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller to the rear roller, i.e. the mechanical drafting ratio of the drafting interval, is 4 to 16 times, and the output strip weight is 5 to 20 g / m.

[0021] Preferably, the surface linear velocity of the front roller is 120–300 m / min.

[0022] This invention provides a drawing device and process for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer veneer drawing, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The rear pressure roller, front pressure roller and drafting plate work together to control the fiber with elastic jaws. This can control the movement of short fibers, which is beneficial to improving the evenness of the output sliver, and can also make long fibers pull out smoothly without being unable to be drafted.

[0024] 2. This invention uses a single-layer sheet for drafting, which will not damage the fibers. Furthermore, due to the simple single-layer sheet drafting structure, it can adapt to high speeds, thereby increasing the sliver output speed and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drawing and stretching device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the support of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Feed bar; 2. Rear roller; 3. Rear roller; 4. Rear pressure roller; 5. Rear sheet roller; 6. Drafting sheet; 7. Front pressure roller; 8. Front sheet roller; 9. Front roller; 10. Front roller; 11. Output bar; 12. U-shaped support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-2 A drawing device for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer drawing, comprising, in sequence, a pair of rear rollers, a single-layer drawing mechanism, and a pair of front rollers;

[0033] The rear roller pair includes a rear roller 3 and a rear roller 2, which together form the rear jaws for drafting;

[0034] The front roller pair includes a front roller 10 and a front roller 9, which together form the front jaws for drafting.

[0035] The single-sheet drafting mechanism includes a rear sheet roller 5, a front sheet roller 8, and corresponding rear pressure rollers 4 and front pressure rollers 7. Drafting sheets 6 are fitted onto the rear sheet roller 5 and the front sheet roller 8. The rear pressure rollers 4 and the front pressure rollers 7 rely on their weight to form elastic jaws with the drafting sheets 6 to hold the fiber sliver, thus taking into account the control of long and short fibers during drafting.

[0036] The present invention also provides a drawing process for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer veneer drawing, employing the above-mentioned drawing device, and including the following steps:

[0037] S1: The feed bar 1 is first held by the rear jaws formed by the rear roller 3 and the rear skin roller 2;

[0038] S2: It is then transferred to the stretching plate 6;

[0039] S3: Finally, the fiber is held by the front nip formed by the front roller 10 and the front skin roller 9. The fiber is pulled out from the elastic nip formed by the rear pressure roller 4, the front pressure roller 7 and the drafting skin plate 6. After acceleration and drafting, the output strip 11 is formed and output from the front nip.

[0040] In this invention, the rear roller 5 and the front roller 8 have the same diameter and rotate synchronously with the same linear speed, which can accurately control the rotation of the drafting plate 6. The rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 are both supported by U-shaped support frames 12. The pressure of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 on the fiber strip relies solely on their own weight, thereby forming an elastic jaw.

[0041] The rear pressure roller, front pressure roller and drafting plate work together to control the fibers with elastic jaws. This controls the movement of short fibers, which helps improve the evenness of the output sliver, and also allows long fibers to be pulled out smoothly without being unable to be drafted.

[0042] Specifically, during the drafting process, the front jaws grip the fibers more strongly, while the rear pressure roller 4 and front pressure roller 7 rely solely on their own weight to apply pressure to the fibers, resulting in weaker control. Therefore, the long fibers gripped by the front jaws can be pulled out from the elastic jaws and thus drafted. The pressure formed by the rear pressure roller 4 and front pressure roller 7 relying solely on their own weight to apply pressure to the fibers is stable, and the fibers are subjected to stable frictional forces. This leads to more orderly fiber acceleration, which helps reduce disordered fiber movement and entanglement, thereby improving the evenness of the yarn.

[0043] Furthermore, needle plate drafting is currently used in the drafting and drawing of hemp and wool fibers. When the needle plate penetrates the fiber layer, it can damage the fiber. Moreover, the needle plate drafting comb box is large and complex, and is not suitable for high speeds, generally only 60-70m / min. In contrast, this invention uses a single-skin plate for drafting, which does not damage the fiber. Furthermore, because the single-skin plate drafting structure is simple, it can adapt to high speeds, thereby increasing the sliver output speed and improving production efficiency.

[0044] Compared to traditional double-plate drafting, this invention uses single-plate drafting. During the drafting process, the fiber strip is controlled by friction on the side closer to the drafting plate 6, while the other side is relatively free. There is no complex difference in friction between the upper and lower plates, thus avoiding layered movement. At the same time, single-plate drafting can also avoid friction between the plates, effectively reducing the generation of static electricity, thereby preventing fibers from entangled or wrapped around the machine parts.

[0045] In one specific implementation, the diameters of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 are both 35-60 mm, the center distance between them is 180-220 mm, and the thickness of the stretching sheet 6 is 2-4 mm.

[0046] In one specific implementation, the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the front roller 10 is 300-350mm, and the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the rear skin plate roller 5 is 35-65mm.

[0047] In one specific implementation, the amount of each feeding strip 1 is 5-20 g / m, and 4-12 strips can be fed at the same time.

[0048] In one specific implementation, the surface linear velocity ratio of the rear roller 5 to the rear roller 3 is 1 to 1.6 times, the surface linear velocity ratio of the front roller 10 to the front roller 8 is 4 to 10 times, the surface linear velocity ratio of the front roller 10 to the rear roller 3, i.e., the mechanical drafting ratio of the drafting interval, is 4 to 16 times, and the output strip 11 has a basis weight of 5 to 20 g / m.

[0049] In one specific implementation, the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 is 120–300 m / min.

[0050] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the production efficiency of the present invention after using single-layer veneer for drawing hemp and wool fibers.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The single-sheet drafting device proposed in this invention is used to draft and combine ramie slivers. The length of the ramie fibers is 120 mm, the feed weight of each ramie sliver is 5 g / m, and the number of slivers fed is 12. The diameter of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 is 60 mm, and the center distance between them is 220 mm. The thickness of the drafting sheet 6 is 2 mm. The center distance between the rear roller 3 and the front roller 10 is 350 mm, and the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the rear sheet roller 5 is 65 mm. The ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rear sheet roller 5 to that of the rear roller 3 is 1.2 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to that of the front sheet roller 8 is 10 times, and the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to that of the rear roller 3, i.e., the mechanical drafting ratio of the drafting interval, is 12 times. The feed weight of the output sliver 11 is 5 g / m, and the output speed is 180 m / min.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The single-strip drafting device proposed in this invention is used to draft and combine flax slivers. The length of the flax fibers is approximately 100 mm, the feed weight of each flax sliver is 16 g / m, and the number of slivers fed is 10. The diameter of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 is 45 mm, and the center distance between them is 200 mm. The thickness of the drafting sliver 6 is 3 mm. The center distance between the rear roller 3 and the front roller 10 is 320 mm, and the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the rear sliver 5 is 50 mm. The ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rear sliver 5 to that of the rear roller 3 is 1, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to that of the front sliver 8 is 8, and the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to that of the rear roller 3, i.e., the mechanical drafting ratio of the drafting interval, is 8.0. The feed weight of the output sliver 11 is 20 g / m, and the output speed is 120 m / min.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] The single-sheet drafting device proposed in this invention is used to draft and combine wool slivers. The wool fiber length is approximately 80 mm, the feed weight of each sliver is 20 g / m, and the number of fibers fed is 4. The diameter of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 is 35 mm, and the center distance between them is 220 mm. The thickness of the drafting sheet 6 is 4 mm. The center distance between the rear roller 3 and the front roller 10 is 300 mm, and the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the rear sheet roller 5 is 35 mm. The ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rear sheet roller 5 to that of the rear roller 3 is 1.6 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to that of the front sheet roller 8 is 5.0 times, and the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to that of the rear roller 3, i.e., the mechanical drafting ratio of the drafting interval, is 8.0 times. The feed weight of the output sliver 11 is 10 g / m, and the output speed is 300 m / min.

[0057] As can be seen from the above three embodiments, after the hemp and wool fibers are drawn by using a single-skin plate, the sliver output speed is 180m / min, 120m / min and 300m / min respectively. Compared with the needle plate drawing with the current sliver output speed of only 60-70m / min, the sliver output speed is greatly improved, ensuring production efficiency.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drawing device for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer sliver drawing, characterized in that: It consists of, in sequence, the rear roller pair, the single-sheet stretching mechanism, and the front roller pair; The rear roller pair includes a rear roller and a rear skin roller, which together form the rear jaws of the drafting process; The front roller pair includes a front roller and a front skin roller, which together form the front jaws for drafting; The single-sheet drafting mechanism includes a rear sheet roller, a front sheet roller, and corresponding rear pressure rollers and front pressure rollers. Drafting sheets are fitted onto the rear sheet roller and the front sheet roller. The rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller form elastic jaws with the drafting sheets to balance the control of long and short fibers during drafting. The rear and front skin rollers have the same diameter and rotate synchronously with equal linear velocities. Both ends of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller are supported by U-shaped support frames; The center distance between the rear roller and the front roller is 300~350mm, and the center distance between the rear roller and the rear skin plate roller is 35~65mm; The diameters of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller are both 35~60mm, the center distance between them is 180~220mm, and the thickness of the stretching sheet is 2~4mm. The ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rear skin roller to the rear roller is 1 to 1.6 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller to the front skin roller is 4 to 10 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller to the rear roller, i.e. the mechanical drafting ratio of the drafting interval, is 4 to 16 times, and the output strip weight is 5 to 20 g / m. The surface linear velocity of the front roller is 120~300m / min.

2. A drawing process for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer veneer drawing, employing the drawing device described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The feed strip is first held by the rear jaws formed by the rear roller and the rear skin roller; S2: It is then transferred to the stretching plate; S3: Finally, the fiber is held by the front nip formed by the front roller and the front skin roller. The fiber is pulled out from the elastic nip formed by the rear pressure roller, the front pressure roller and the drafting skin plate, forming an output strip that is output from the front nip.

3. The drawing process for hemp and wool fibers using single-layer veneer drawing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed strip is 5~20g / m in quantity, and 4~12 strips can be fed at the same time.

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