Techniques for polarization conversion for backscatter radio components

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a backscatter radio may transmit capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio. The backscatter radio may communicate with the network node according to the capability information. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 932,171, filed on September 14, 2022, entitled “TECHNIQUES FOR POLARIZATION CONVERSION FOR A BACKSCATTERING RADIO” and assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the prior application is considered a part of and incorporated by reference into this patent application. Technical Field

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communications, and to techniques and apparatus for polarization conversion for backscatter radio components. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communications for wireless communication devices, such as user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a network node via downlink communications and uplink communications. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to a communication link from a network node to a UE, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to a communication link from a UE to a network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communications, such as via a local link (e.g., a side link (SL), a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and / or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, etc.).

[0006] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate at a city, country, region, or global level. New Radio (NR), which may also be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM or single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) on the uplink, and supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation to improve spectrum efficiency, reduce costs, improve services, utilize new spectrum, and better integrate with other open standards. Summary of the invention

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a backscatter radio component. The method may include sending capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The method may include communicating with a network node based on the capability information.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a UE. The method may include identifying capability information of a backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The method may include sending the capability information to a network node.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include obtaining capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The method may include communicating with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a backscatter radio component for wireless communication. The backscatter radio component may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to send capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The one or more processors may be configured to communicate with a network node based on the capability information.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to identify capability information of a backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The one or more processors may be configured to send the capability information to a network node.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include: a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to obtain capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The one or more processors may be configured to communicate with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a backscatter radio component. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the backscatter radio component, may cause the backscatter radio component to send capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the backscatter radio component, may cause the backscatter radio component to communicate with a network node based on the capability information.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a UE. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to identify capability information of a backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to send the capability information to a network node.

[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a network node. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to obtain capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to communicate with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information.

[0016] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for sending capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the apparatus or a backscatter modulation capability of the apparatus. The apparatus may include means for communicating with a network node based on the capability information.

[0017] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for identifying capability information of a backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The apparatus may include means for sending the capability information to a network node.

[0018] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for obtaining capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. The apparatus may include means for communicating with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information.

[0019] Aspects collectively include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The features and technical advantages of examples according to the present disclosure have been outlined quite extensively above so that the following specific embodiments may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be easily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for the same purpose of achieving the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein (both their organization and methods of operation) and the associated advantages will be better understood according to the following description. Each of the figures in the accompanying drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of limitations to the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to fully understand the above-mentioned features of the present disclosure, a more specific description of the invention briefly summarized above can be obtained by referring to various aspects (some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings). However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings only illustrate certain typical aspects of the present disclosure and are therefore not to be considered as limiting the scope thereof, as the specification may admit of other equally effective aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0022] Figure 1is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a network node and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system including a backscatter radio component and a network node according to the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of categories of a radio frequency (RF) tag according to the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of backscatter communications between a network node and a backscatter radio component according to the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensing state for a backscatter radio component according to the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a backscatter radio component according to the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of polarization conversion for a backscatter radio component according to the present disclosure.

[0031] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating an example of capability signaling associated with polarization-converted or backscattered communication modulation according to the present disclosure.

[0032] Fig.11 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a backscatter radio component or an apparatus of a backscatter radio component according to the present disclosure.

[0033] Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a UE according to the present disclosure.

[0034] Fig.13 is a diagram illustrating an example process, for example, performed by a network node, according to the present disclosure.

[0035] Fig.14 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure.

[0036] Fig.15 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure.

[0037] Fig.16 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The various aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms, and should not be interpreted as being limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout the present disclosure. On the contrary, these aspects are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and the scope of the present disclosure will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether it is implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement a device or practice method. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such a device or method that is practiced using other structures, functions, or structures and functions in addition to or different from the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0039] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0040] Although various aspects may be described herein using terms generally associated with 5G or new radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT), various aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or RATs beyond 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0041] Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network or elements of a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, etc. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), or other entities. The network node 110 is an example of a network node that communicates with the UE 120. As shown, the network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, the network node 110 may be a converged network node, which means that the converged network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). For another example, the network node 110 may be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), which means that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0042] In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as an RU) that communicates with the UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a DU) that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link. In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a CU) that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or communicates with a core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, the network node 110 (such as an aggregated network node 110 or a decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. The network node 110 may include, for example, an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, or a transmit receive point (TRP), a DU, a RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a core network node, a network element, a network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, network nodes 110 may be interconnected to each other or to one or more other network nodes 110 in wireless network 100 via various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and / or backhaul interfaces, such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks, using any suitable transport network.

[0043] In some examples, the network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of ​​the network node 110 or a network node subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. The network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several thousand meters) and may allow unrestricted access by a UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by a UE 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residence) and may allow restricted access by a UE 120 associated with the femto cell (e.g., a UE 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node. Figure 1 In the example shown in , network node 110a may be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b may be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c may be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. A network node may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of ​​a cell may move depending on the location of a mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0044] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to an aggregated base station, a decomposed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, a "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, a DU, a RU, a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions (such as those described herein in conjunction with the network node 110). In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a plurality of devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a number of different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to repeat the execution of at least a portion of the function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one of the base station functions but not another base station function. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.

[0045] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that receives transmissions of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and transmits transmissions of data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that is capable of relaying transmissions for other UEs 120. Figure 1 In the example shown, a network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) may communicate with a network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and a UE 120d to facilitate communications between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. A network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, or a relay, etc.

[0046] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, or relay network nodes. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, or different effects on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro network node may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while a pico network node, a femto network node, and a relay network node may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1 watt to 2 watts).

[0047] The network controller 130 may be coupled to or in communication with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for the network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other or indirectly via a wireless backhaul communication link or a wired backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be or may include a CU or a core network device.

[0048] UE 120 can be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 can be stationary or mobile. UE 120 can include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. UE 120 can be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet device, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, an industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0049] Some UEs 120 may be considered as machine type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, or location tags, which may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered as customer premises equipment. UE 120 may be included inside a housing 284, which houses components of UE 120, such as a processor component or a memory component. In some examples, the processor component and the memory component may be coupled together. For example, a processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory component (e.g., a memory) may be operably coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled.

[0050] In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a specific RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology or air interface. Frequency may also be referred to as a carrier or frequency channel. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

[0051] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by network node 110.

[0052] Devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided into various categories, bands, or channels by frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “below 6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz to 300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0053] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125GHz to 24.25GHz). The bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thus the features of FR1 or FR2 can be effectively extended to mid-band frequencies. In addition, currently exploring higher frequency bands to extend 5G NR operation to more than 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designation FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6GHz to 71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz to 114.25GHz) and FR5 (114.25GHz to 300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0054] With these examples in mind, unless otherwise specifically stated, if the term "sub-6 GHz" is used herein, it may broadly refer to frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, frequencies that may be within FR1, or frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies. Additionally, unless otherwise specifically stated, if the term "millimeter wave" is used herein, it may broadly refer to frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, frequencies that may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5, or frequencies that may be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5) may be modified, and that the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0055] In some aspects, the backscatter radio component may include a communication manager 160. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 160 may perform operations such as: sending capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; and communicating with the network node based on the capability information. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 160 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0056] In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may perform the following operations: identifying capability information of the backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; and sending the capability information to a network node. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0057] In some aspects, the network node 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may perform operations such as obtaining capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of a backscatter radio component; and communicating with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0058] As indicated above, Figure 1 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 1 The examples described are different.

[0059] Figure 2 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a network node 110 communicating with a user equipment (UE) 120 in a wireless network 100. The network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). The network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antenna 234 and modem 254. In some examples, the network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include a radio frequency component that facilitates direct communication with the UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0060] At the network node 110, the transmit processor 220 may receive data intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) from the data source 212. The transmit processor 220 may use one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE 120 to select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for the UE 120. The network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 using the MCS selected for the UE 120 and may provide data symbols to the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSS) or secondary synchronization signals (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-coding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, or reference symbols, where applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of the modem 232. Each modem 232 may process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) using a corresponding modulator component to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may also process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, or up-convert) the output sample stream using a corresponding modulator component to obtain a downlink signal. The modems 232a to 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a to 234t).

[0061] At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) may receive downlink signals from the network node 110 or other network nodes 110, and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of the modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, or digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modem 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and may provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, or a CQI parameter, among other things. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in the housing 284.

[0062] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0063] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or may be included in one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc. An antenna panel, antenna group, set of antenna elements, or antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (in a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or coupled to one or more transmit or receive components (such as Figure 2 One or more antenna elements of one or more components).

[0064] On the uplink, at the UE 120, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from the data source 262 and control information from the controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or CQI). The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-decoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and sent to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, or a TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (eg, controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the processes described herein (eg, with reference to Figures 4 to 16 ).

[0065] At the network node 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 or other UEs may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of the modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected by the MIMO detector 236 where applicable, and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted via the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and provide the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communication. In some examples, the modem 232 of the network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the network node 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the processes described herein (e.g., reference 200 to FIG. 1 ). Figures 4 to 16 ).

[0066] In some aspects, the controller / processor 280 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally be a system or series of machines or components that receives inputs and processes the inputs to produce a set of outputs that may be communicated to other systems or components, such as the UE 120. For example, the processing system of the UE 120 may be a system that includes various other components or subcomponents of the UE 120.

[0067] The processing system of UE 120 may interface with one or more other components of UE 120, may process information (such as input or signal) received from one or more other components, or may output information to one or more other components. For example, a chip or modem of UE 120 may include: a processing system, a first interface for receiving or obtaining information, and a second interface for outputting, sending, or providing information. In some examples, the first interface may be an interface between a processing system and a receiver of the chip or modem, so that UE 120 may receive information or signal input, and may pass the information to the processing system. In some examples, the second interface may be an interface between a processing system and a transmitter of the chip or modem, so that UE 120 may send information output from the chip or modem. A person of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the second interface may also obtain or receive information or signal input, and the first interface may also output, send, or provide information.

[0068] In some aspects, controller / processor 240 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally be a system or series of machines or components that receives inputs and processes the inputs to produce a set of outputs that may be passed to other systems or components, such as network node 110. For example, a processing system of network node 110 may be a system that includes various other components or subcomponents of network node 110.

[0069] The processing system of the network node 110 may interface with one or more other components of the network node 110, may process information (such as input or signal) received from one or more other components, or may output information to one or more other components. For example, a chip or modem of the network node 110 may include: a processing system, a first interface for receiving or obtaining information, and a second interface for outputting, sending, or providing information. In some examples, the first interface may be an interface between a processing system and a receiver of the chip or modem, so that the network node 110 may receive information or signal input, and may pass the information to the processing system. In some examples, the second interface may be an interface between a processing system and a transmitter of the chip or modem, so that the network node 110 may send information output from the chip or modem. A person of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the second interface may also obtain or receive information or signal input, and the first interface may also output, send, or provide information.

[0070] The controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, or Figure 2 Any other component of the network node 110 may perform one or more techniques associated with capability signaling for backscatter communications, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, or Figure 2 Any other component (or combination of components) of Fig.11 Process 1100, Fig.12 The process 1200 Fig.13 1300 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program codes for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and memory 282 may include non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions (e.g., code or program code) for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of network node 110 or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, conversion, or interpretation), may cause the one or more processors, UE 120, or network node 110 to execute or direct, for example, Fig.11 Process 1100, Fig.12 The process 1200 Fig.13 The process 1300 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running instructions, converting instructions, compiling instructions, and / or interpreting instructions, etc.

[0071] In some aspects, the backscatter radio component includes: means for transmitting capability information related to at least one of the polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or the backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; and / or means for communicating with a network node based on the capability information. In some aspects, the means for the backscatter radio component to perform the operations described herein may include, for example Figures 4 to 8 One or more components illustrated.

[0072] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) includes: means for identifying capability information of a backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; and / or means for sending capability information to a network node. Means for the UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: a communications manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0073] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) includes: means for obtaining capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of a backscatter radio component; and / or means for communicating with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information. Means for the network node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.

[0074] Although Figure 2 The blocks in the 2000 and 2010 are illustrated as distinct components, but the functionality described above for these blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functionality described for the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0075] As indicated above, Figure 2 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 2 The examples described are different.

[0076] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G NR system) can be arranged with various components or components in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element, a base station or network equipment can be implemented in an aggregated or decomposed architecture. For example, a base station (such as a node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NRBS, a 5G NB, an access point (AP), a TRP or a cell, etc.) or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also called an independent base station or a monolithic base station) or a decomposed base station. A "network entity" or a "network node" may refer to a decomposed base station or one or more units of a decomposed base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof).

[0077] An aggregated base station (e.g., an aggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). A decomposed base station (e.g., a decomposed network node) may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, a CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other network nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of a CU, a DU, and a RU may also be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), and the like.

[0078] Base station type operations or network designs may take into account the aggregated nature of base station functionality. For example, a decomposed base station may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as a network configuration initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of a communication system by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed separately. A decomposed base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented virtually for at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. Individual units of a decomposed base station may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0079] Figure 33 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 according to the present disclosure. The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that may communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more disaggregated control units, such as a near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a non-RTRIC 315 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both. The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as via an F1 interface. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0080] Each of the units (including CU 310, DU 330, RU 340) and the near-RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO framework 305 may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively referred to as signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to one or more communication interfaces of the corresponding unit may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via a transmission medium. In some examples, each of the units may include a wired interface and a wireless interface, the wired interface being configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium, and the wireless interface being configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wireless transmission medium, or both.

[0081] In some aspects, the CU 310 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include RRC functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface that is configured to transmit signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., central unit-user plane (CU-UP) functionality), control plane functionality (e.g., central unit-control plane (CU-CP) functionality), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, the CU 310 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface (such as an E1 interface). As needed, the CU 310 may be implemented to communicate with the DU330 for network control and signaling.

[0082] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a MAC layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers, at least in part, according to a functional partition such as that defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc. In some aspects, the DU 330 may also host one or more low PHY layers, such as one or more modules for fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc. Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330 or with control functions hosted by the CU 310.

[0083] Each RU 340 may implement lower layer functionality. In some deployments, the RU 340 controlled by the DU 330 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low PHY layer functions (such as performing FFT, performing iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, etc.) based on functional splitting (e.g., functional splitting defined by 3GPP). In this architecture, each RU 340 may be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 120. In some specific implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of communicating with the control plane and user plane of the RU 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture such as a vRAN architecture.

[0084] The SMO framework 305 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 315, and near-RT RIC 325. In some specific implementations, the SMO framework 305 may communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 311) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 305 can communicate directly with each of the one or more RUs 340 via a corresponding O1 interface. The SMO framework 305 can also include a non-RT RIC 315 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 305.

[0085] The non-RT RIC 315 may be configured to include logic functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 may be coupled to or in communication with the near-RT RIC 325 (such as via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to include logic functions that enable near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface (such as via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, and the O-eNB with the near-RT RIC 325.

[0086] In some implementations, in order to generate an AI / ML model to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and may be received from a non-network data source or from a network function at the SMO framework 305 or the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or the near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns of performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO framework 305 (such as via reconfiguration of the O1 interface) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0087] As indicated above, Figure 3 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0088] Figure 4is a diagram of an example 400 of a communication system including a backscatter radio component 405 (e.g., a radio frequency identifier (RFID) tag) and a network node 110 (e.g., an RFID reader) in accordance with the present disclosure. RFID is a rapidly growing technology that is impacting many industries due to its economic potential for inventory and asset management inside and outside warehouses, IoT, sustainable sensor networks in factories and / or agriculture, and smart home applications. RFID systems may use small transponders, sometimes referred to as RFID tags. An RFID tag is an example of a backscatter radio component. An RFID tag may transmit a signal carrying information when a signal is received. An RFID system may operate without batteries with low operating expenses, low maintenance costs, and a long life cycle. The backscatter radio component may include a processor (e.g., a controller / processor) and a memory. In some aspects, the memory may store instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the backscatter radio component to perform, for example, the instructions described herein with respect to Figures 9 to 11 One or more operations described.

[0089] In some examples, a passive backscatter radio component (such as a passive RFID tag) can collect energy radiated in the air and can power the transmit / receive circuit of the backscatter radio component, wherein the transmitted signal is generally backscatter modulated. The backscatter modulated signal may be referred to as backscatter communication or may carry backscatter communication in this article. In some examples, a semi-passive backscatter radio component (such as a semi-passive RFID tag) or an active backscatter radio component (such as an active RFID tag) with a battery may be deployed, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.

[0090] As shown by reference numeral 410, the network node 110 (e.g., an RFID reader associated with the network node 110) can transmit a signal. As shown by reference numeral 415, in some aspects, the backscatter radio component 405 can receive the signal without performing backscattering. For example, the backscatter radio component 405 can use a transceiver, a repeater, a receiving circuit, etc. to receive energy of the signal. As shown by reference numeral 420, in some aspects, the backscatter radio component 405 can use energy harvested from the signal transmitted by the network node 110 to transmit the signal. For example, the backscatter radio component 405 can modulate information onto the signal and can backscatter (e.g., reflect, retransmit) the modulated signal.

[0091] One application for the backscatter radio component 405 is passive IoT. As 5G expands to an increasing number of industrial applications in addition to eMBB (e.g., ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) and machine type communications (MTC)), 5G and subsequent radio access technologies may be extended to support passive IoT. Some standard development organizations (SDOs) such as 3GPP have developed specifications to support MTC, narrowband (NB) IoT, and reduced capabilities (RedCap) for MTC use cases. However, conventional 5G technology may experience difficulties in efficiently supporting the most common RFID-type sensors (such as passive IoT devices) in many future use cases (such as asset management, logistics, warehousing, and manufacturing).

[0092] The network node 110 (such as a node of a gNB or a decomposed gNB) can read and write information stored on a passive IoT device (such as a backscatter radio component 405). The network node 110 can provide energy to the passive IoT device via signal transmission, as described above. The backscatter radio component 405 can reflect the signal carrying information to the network node 110, which is referred to as backscattered communication herein, as described above. The network node 110 can read the reflected signal to decode the information modulated by the IoT device onto the signal carrying information. As used herein, "backscatter" refers to the reflection or deflection of a signal or wave back to the direction in which the signal or wave was received. In some aspects, backscattering may include reflecting or deflecting a signal or wave to a direction different from the direction in which the signal or wave was received.

[0093] As described above, the backscatter radio component 405 can harvest energy from signals sent, for example, by the network node 110 (and other devices). This can be referred to as radio frequency (RF) power harvesting. Energy harvesting can be nonlinear (e.g., due to the diode) relative to the input power at the power harvesting circuit. Typically, an input power greater than -20 dBm (in some examples, greater than -10 dBm) can be expected to activate the energy harvesting circuit (due to the activation voltage of the diode). Energy harvesting may be more efficient at lower frequencies due to diode junction capacitance and resistance (which can be considered as frequency selective conversion efficiency). In some examples, RFID can support short range (e.g., less than 10 meters) for passive IoT due to link budget issues. For example, the power link (i.e., the downlink from the reader to the tag, which provides energy for the backscatter radio component 405) can limit the range of the RFID tag. For example, the power harvesting circuit may typically require an input power (e.g., -13 dBm) that is difficult to achieve on the downlink, because lower input powers (e.g., -20 dBm or less) may not ensure satisfactory cost and conversion efficiency. Multipath reflections can also cause fading of the energy signal and can degrade range.

[0094] As indicated above, Figure 4 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 4 The examples described are different.

[0095] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of categories of a radio frequency (RF) tag according to the present disclosure. Figure 5 A first type (shown by reference numeral 505) of passive RF tags, a second type (shown by reference numeral 510) of semi-passive RF tags, and a third type (shown by reference numeral 515) of active RF tags are illustrated.

[0096] As shown, a passive RF tag may include a transponder. For example, a passive RF tag may include an inductively coupled transponder, a backscatter transponder, or a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter-based transponder. A passive RF tag may not include a power source. For example, a passive RF tag may collect energy via energy harvesting, such as with respect to Figure 4 as described.

[0097] As further shown, the semi-passive RF tag may include a transponder. The semi-passive RF tag may include a power source (such as a battery) and may communicate via backscattered communication. For example, the transponder of the semi-passive RF tag may include an inductively coupled transponder or a backscatter transponder.

[0098] As shown, an active RF tag may include a transceiver. An active RF tag may also include a power source (e.g., a battery). An active RF tag may typically have a larger communication range than a passive RF tag or a semi-passive RF tag, and may have a higher complexity and energy cost than a passive RF tag or a semi-passive RF tag. As used herein, a "backscatter radio component" may refer to a passive RF tag or a semi-passive RF tag.

[0099] As indicated above, Figure 5 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 5 The examples described are different.

[0100] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 of backscatter communications between a network node 110 (eg, a mmWave access point (AP)) and a backscatter radio component 605 according to the present disclosure.

[0101] In some examples, backscatter in the mmWave range can enable high throughput and long-range backscatter-based communications. For example, an RFID reader capable of mmWave communications (e.g., network node 110) can send a beamformed continuous wave (CW) signal to an RFID tag capable of mmWave communications. The RFID tag can absorb or backscatter the signal (such as using on-off keying (OOK)), or can apply amplitude and phase shifts to the CW to modulate data symbols (e.g., quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) symbols) onto the backscattered signal. A passive beamforming network (BFN) can be used for low power consumption (which can be referred to as a Van Atta reverse BFN).

[0102] When transmitting CW signals and decoding backscattered signals from RFID tags, mmWave readers (e.g., network node 110) may suffer from full-duplex interference. For example, network node 110 may use the same spatial resources (e.g., the same beam) to transmit CW signals and receive backscattered signals. Full-duplex processing in the mmWave range (such as to eliminate interference between CW signals and reflected signals) is complex and expensive. Some techniques described herein provide polarization conversion at an RFID tag when backscattering (e.g., reflecting) a signal (e.g., a CW signal) to network node 110, such as in combination with Fig. 9 Described in more detail.

[0103] As indicated above, Figure 6 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 6 The examples described are different.

[0104] Figure 7700 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensing state for a backscatter radio component according to the present disclosure. The backscatter radio component may support modulation of information onto a backscattered (e.g., reflected) signal. For example, an RF switch 705 may be used to switch between different impedances. For example, the RF switch 705 may switch the backscatter radio component between a first impedance 710 and a second impedance 715 to manipulate the amplitude and / or phase of the backscattered signal. The backscatter radio component may use a variety of modulation schemes (e.g., OOK, amplitude shift keying (ASK), phase shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc.), depending on the number of different impedances that the backscatter radio component is capable of achieving. The RF switch 705 may connect the antenna 720 of the backscatter radio component to a set of components that provide a specific impedance state, depending on the phase and / or amplitude characteristics to be imparted to the backscattered signal (e.g., depending on the information to be transmitted via the antenna). In some examples, such as in FR1, a backscatter radio component using mmWave may support ASK or OOK using one or more single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switches, which may provide a lower cost solution for phase manipulation than RF switch 705 (although RF switch 705 may also facilitate amplitude manipulation).

[0105] As indicated above, Figure 7 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 7 The examples described are different.

[0106] Figure 8800 according to the present disclosure. The backscatter radio component 800 can support PSK or QAM. The backscatter radio component 800 can generate a bias signal 805. The bias signal 805 can control a transistor 810, which is illustrated as a pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT). According to the bias signal 805, an antenna array 815 of the backscatter radio component 800 can be tuned by the transistor 810 to radiate a backscatter signal with a controllable amplitude and phase. Therefore, the backscatter radio component 800 can implement a PSK or QAM modulation scheme. The backscatter radio component 800 may include a data generator, which may include a processor (e.g., a controller / processor), a digital baseband component, a communication manager 160, etc. The capability of modulation of the signal used for backscattering may vary from backscatter radio component to backscatter radio component. For example, some backscatter radio components may be capable of implementing more complex modulation schemes (e.g., PSK, QAM, such as using a transistor 810 or RF switch 705 with a large number of impedance states), while other backscatter radio components may only be capable of implementing less complex modulation schemes (such as using one or more SPDT switches or RF switch 705 with a small number of impedance states). If the network node 110 cannot determine the modulation scheme supported by a given backscatter radio component, the complexity of decoding backscattered communications may increase, and the network node may not be able to predict the data rate between the network node 110 and the backscatter radio component. For example, the network node 110 may assume a less complex modulation scheme than the modulation scheme that the backscatter radio component is capable of, which reduces the efficiency of throughput and resource utilization, and this may result in a failure to decode backscattered communications. For another example, the network node 110 may assume a more complex modulation scheme than the modulation scheme that the backscatter radio component is capable of, which results in a failure to decode communications between the network node 110 and the backscatter radio component. Some techniques described herein define signaling between the network node 110 and the backscatter radio component to support the modulation of backscattered communications. For example, the network node 110 may advertise that the network node 110 may use one or more modulation schemes to receive signals, or may request capability information from the backscatter radio component, the capability information indicating one or more modulation schemes supported by the backscatter radio component. Additionally or alternatively, the backscatter radio component may report (such as via the UE 120) that the backscatter radio component supports the one or more modulation schemes. Thus, efficiency of resource utilization and throughput are improved, and the incidence of failure to decode backscattered communications is reduced.

[0107] As indicated above, Figure 8 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 8 The examples described are different.

[0108] Fig. 9 900 is a diagram illustrating an example of polarization conversion for a backscatter radio component according to the present disclosure. As shown, the backscatter radio component can receive a signal 905 from a network node 110 (e.g., an RFID reader). As further shown, the backscatter radio component can backscatter (e.g., reflect) the signal 905 into a signal 910 having a converted polarization. For example, the signal 910 can have a polarization that is orthogonal to the polarization of the signal 905.

[0109] In some aspects, signal 905 may have a linear polarization (eg, include an x-component or a y-component). In such examples, the polarization of signal 910 may be rotated 90 degrees relative to the polarization of signal 905.

[0110] In some aspects, signal 905 may have circular polarization (eg, including an x ​​component and a y component). In such examples, the backscatter radio component may swap the x component and the y component and may rotate the x component 180 degrees to achieve orthogonality between signal 905 and signal 910.

[0111] In some aspects, the antenna of the backscatter radio component can be connected to a polarization conversion circuit. The polarization conversion circuit can convert the polarization of the signal 905 so that the incident signal 905 and the backscattered signal 910 have orthogonal polarizations. Therefore, the network node 110 can isolate the signal 905 from the signal 910 by polarization, thereby reducing the complexity of decoding the backscattered signal.

[0112] Some backscatter radio components may not have the capability for polarization conversion, while other backscatter radio components may have the capability for polarization conversion. For example, the backscatter radio component may or may not incorporate polarization conversion circuitry. If the network node 110 cannot determine whether a given backscatter radio component is capable of performing polarization conversion for backscattered communications, the complexity of decoding the backscattered communications may increase. For example, the network node 110 may need to perform interference cancellation between the signal 905 and the signal 910, thereby increasing the complexity. As another example, the network node 110 may use multiple hypotheses to decode the information of the signal 910, such as a first hypothesis without polarization conversion and a second hypothesis using polarization conversion. Some techniques described herein define signaling between the network node 110 and the backscatter radio component for reporting whether the backscatter radio component supports polarization conversion. For example, the network node 110 may notify the network node 110 that the signal can be received using polarization conversion. Additionally or alternatively, the backscatter radio component may report (such as via the UE 120) that the backscatter radio component supports polarization conversion for backscattered communications. Thus, the complexity at the network node 110 is reduced.

[0113] As indicated above, Fig. 9 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Fig. 9 The examples described are different.

[0114] Fig.10 1 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 of capability signaling associated with polarization conversion or backscattered communication modulation according to the present disclosure. As shown, example 1000 includes UE 120, a backscatter radio component, and a network node 110. In some aspects, network node 110 may include a reader (such as an RFID reader) or be associated with a reader (such as an RFID reader) (e.g., may control a reader (such as an RFID reader), may communicate with a reader (such as an RFID reader)). In some aspects, the backscatter radio component may include an RFID tag (e.g., a passive tag, a semi-passive tag, or an active tag). In some aspects, the backscatter radio component may be a component of UE 120. In some other aspects, the backscatter radio component may be separate from UE 120. If the backscatter radio component is a component of UE 120, the backscatter radio component may communicate with UE 120 via an interface (e.g., a wired interface) with UE 120, and "transmission" by the backscatter radio component may refer to communication via the interface. If the backscatter radio is separated from the UE 120, the backscatter radio and the UE 120 may communicate over the air.

[0115] As shown by reference numeral 1005, in some aspects, the network node 110 may output configuration information. For example, the network node 110 may output the configuration information via radio resource control (RRC) signaling, medium access control (MAC) signaling, downlink control information (DCI), or another form of signaling. In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate whether the capability information (e.g., capability information indicating the capabilities of the backscatter radio component) will include polarization conversion capability or backscatter modulation capability. Polarization conversion capability is information indicating whether the backscatter radio component has the ability to perform polarization conversion for backscattered communications. Backscatter modulation capability is information indicating one or more capabilities for modulating information onto a backscattered signal, such as information indicating one or more modulation schemes supported by the backscattered radio component and / or information indicating whether the backscatter radio component is capable of modulating information onto a backscattered signal.

[0116] In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate a modulation scheme (e.g., a modulation format) for the capability information. For example, the configuration information may indicate a modulation scheme for which the UE 120 (or the backscatter radio component) is to send the capability information. In some aspects, the modulation scheme may be selected from a set of modulation schemes. For example, the modulation scheme may be a mandatory modulation scheme in a set of mandatory modulation schemes for the capability information. In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate whether polarization conversion is allowed for the capability information. For example, the configuration information may indicate whether the backscatter radio component can provide the capability information via backscattered communications that are polarization converted relative to an incident signal at the backscatter radio component. In some aspects, if the network node 110 (via the configuration information) indicates that the network node 110 allows polarization conversion for the capability information, the network node 110 may use multiple hypotheses to monitor the capability information. For example, the multiple hypotheses may include a first hypothesis that polarization conversion is used for the capability information and a second hypothesis that polarization conversion is not used for the capability information. In some aspects, if the network node 110 indicates (via configuration information) that the network node 110 does not allow polarization conversion for capability information, the network node 110 may monitor the capability information using a single hypothesis (eg, for which polarization conversion is disabled).

[0117] In some aspects, the configuration information (or other signaling) may indicate modulation schemes supported by the network node 110. In one example, the configuration information may indicate that the network node 110 supports only OOK. In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate whether the network node 110 supports polarization conversion. In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate whether the network node 110 supports polarization conversion and one or more modulation schemes supported by the network node 110. For example, the configuration information may indicate a class, and the class may indicate whether the network node 110 supports polarization and one or more modulation schemes supported by the network node 110.

[0118] In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that connection to the backscatter radio component is prohibited. For example, the configuration information may indicate that backscatter radio components lacking a specific capability (e.g., polarization conversion capability) are prohibited from connecting to the network node 110. For another example, the configuration information may indicate that backscatter radio components belonging to a specific category (indicating polarization conversion capability and / or backscatter modulation capability, as described below) are prohibited from connecting to the network node 110. As used herein, "connecting to the network node 110" may refer to performing backscatter communications with the network node 110.

[0119] As shown by reference numeral 1010, in some aspects, the UE 120 or the backscatter radio component may receive a first trigger. For example, the network node 110 may output the first trigger, such as via RRC signaling, MAC signaling, DCI, or another form of signaling. In some aspects, the first trigger may indicate sending capability information. For example, the first trigger may be a trigger for sending capability information shown by reference numeral 1025.

[0120] As shown by reference numeral 1015, UE 120 may identify capability information. Additionally or alternatively, as shown by reference numeral 1020, the backscatter radio component may send capability information. For example, the backscatter radio component may provide capability information to UE 120 (e.g., before or in association with a trigger). As another example, the backscatter radio component may send capability information to network node 110 (e.g., an RFID reader of network node 110). In some aspects, UE 120 may identify capability information in association with a trigger. For example, UE 120 may obtain capability information from the backscatter radio component in response to receiving a trigger. In some aspects, UE 120 may store capability information before receiving a trigger. For example, UE 120 may be pre-configured with capability information, or may obtain capability information from the backscatter radio component when connected to the backscatter radio component.

[0121] The capability information may include at least one of polarization conversion capability or backscatter modulation capability. For example, the capability information may indicate whether the backscatter radio component is capable of modulating information onto a backscattered signal. Additionally or alternatively, the capability information may indicate one or more modulation schemes (e.g., ASK only, PSK only, QAM, OOK only, etc.) for backscattered communications supported by the backscatter radio component. In some aspects, the capability information may indicate a category. The category may identify (or may be used to identify) polarization conversion capability and / or backscatter modulation capability. For example, a first category may indicate that the backscatter radio component does not support polarization conversion and is only capable of OOK modulation. A second category may indicate that the backscatter radio component supports polarization conversion and is only capable of OOK modulation. A third category may indicate that the backscatter radio component supports polarization conversion and is capable of QAM modulation. In some aspects, the capability information may indicate a plurality of modulation schemes supported by the backscatter radio component. In some aspects, the capability information may indicate that the backscatter radio component is capable of activating or deactivating (e.g., switching on or off) polarization conversion.

[0122] In some aspects, the backscatter radio component or UE 120 may not respond to the trigger to provide capability information. For example, the backscatter radio component or UE 120 may not respond to the first trigger based at least in part on the network node 110 not supporting a modulation scheme supported by the backscatter radio component. For example, if the backscatter radio component communicates using QAM and the network node 110 does not support QAM (e.g., as indicated by the configuration information), the backscatter radio component or UE 120 may not respond to the network node 110. Therefore, air interface resources are saved.

[0123] As indicated by reference numeral 1025, the UE 120 and / or the backscatter radio component may send the capability information to the network node 110. For example, the UE 120 and / or the backscatter radio component may send the capability information in conjunction with receiving the first trigger (e.g., in response to the first trigger). In some aspects, the UE 120 and / or the backscatter radio component may send the capability information using polarization conversion (e.g., based at least in part on configuration information indicating that the network node 110 supports polarization conversion). For example, the backscatter radio component may enable polarization conversion based at least in part on the network node 110 allowing polarization conversion for the capability information.

[0124] As shown by reference numeral 1030, the network node 110 may receive capability information. For example, the network node 110 may monitor the capability information as described elsewhere herein. In some aspects, the network node 110 may monitor the capability information using basic capabilities (such as assuming no polarization and assuming a relatively simple modulation scheme compared to QAM, such as OOK or PSK). After receiving the capability information, the network node 110 may communicate with the backscatter radio component using a modulation scheme supported by the backscatter radio component according to the capability information. Additionally or alternatively, the network node 110 may activate or deactivate (e.g., not use) polarization conversion according to the capability information. In some aspects, as shown by reference numeral 1035, the network node 110 may send a second trigger. For example, the second trigger may indicate activation of polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component. The backscatter radio component and / or the UE 120 may activate polarization conversion in conjunction with receiving the second trigger. In some aspects, as shown by reference numeral 1040, the network node 110 may send information indicating the modulation scheme. For example, the network node 110 may send information indicating a modulation scheme for subsequent data communications between the network node 110 and the backscatter radio component. The modulation scheme may be selected from one or more modulation schemes indicated by the capability information supported by the backscatter radio component. As shown by reference numeral 1045, the backscatter radio component and the network node 110 may communicate based on the capability information. For example, the backscatter radio component may send backscattered transmissions, and the network node may receive backscattered transmissions (e.g., by backscattering signals of the network node 110). As another example, the network node 110 may schedule backscattered transmissions from the backscatter radio component. The backscattered transmissions may use a modulation scheme indicated by the capability information and / or by the information shown by reference numeral 1040. In some aspects, the backscattered transmissions may use polarization conversion (e.g., depending on whether the backscatter radio component and the network node 110 support polarization conversion).

[0125] In some respects, Fig.10 The downlink communication (e.g., the first trigger, the second trigger, the configuration information, the information indicating the modulation scheme) can be sent from the network node 110 to the UE 120. The UE 120 can then send the downlink communication to the backscatter radio component (e.g., via an interface or over the air). In some aspects, Fig.10 Downlink communications (eg, the first trigger, the second trigger, configuration information, information indicating a modulation scheme) may be sent from the network node 110 directly to the backscatter radio component.

[0126] As indicated above, Fig.10 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Fig.10 The examples described are different.

[0127] Fig.11 1 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100 performed, for example, by a backscatter radio component or an apparatus of a backscatter radio component according to the present disclosure. The example process 1100 is a diagram in which a backscatter radio component (e.g., backscatter radio component 405, Figures 5 to 10 An example of performing operations associated with polarization conversion or modulation for a backscatter radio component.

[0128] like Fig.11 As shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include sending capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of a backscatter radio component (block 1110). Fig.14 The depicted communications manager 160 and / or transmitting component 1404) can transmit capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of a backscatter radio component, as described above.

[0129] like Fig.11 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include communicating with a network node based on the capability information (block 1120). For example, a backscatter radio component (e.g., using communication manager 160 and / or Fig.14 The depicted transmitting component 1404 can communicate with the network node based on the capability information, as described above.

[0130] Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in combination with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0131] In a first aspect, the transmitting of the capability information further comprises transmitting the capability information to a user equipment associated with the backscatter radio component.

[0132] In a second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

[0133] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 1100 includes sending the capability information in association with a trigger.

[0134] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the communicating with the network node according to the capability information further comprises performing backscatter transmission according to the capability information.

[0135] In a fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, process 1100 includes receiving information indicating a modulation scheme from one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme.

[0136] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, process 1100 comprises receiving information indicating a modulation scheme supported by the network node, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme supported by the network node.

[0137] In a seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 6, process 1100 comprises receiving information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the transmission of the backscatter is based at least in part on whether the network node supports polarization conversion.

[0138] In an eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, process 1100 includes receiving a trigger to activate polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the backscatter transmission uses polarization conversion based at least in part on the trigger.

[0139] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, performing the backscattered transmission according to the capability information further comprises: receiving a first signal; and backscattering the first signal with converted polarization.

[0140] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, process 1100 includes transmitting an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for transmission for the backscatter.

[0141] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the capability information indicates a category identifying at least one of the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0142] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the polarization conversion capability indicates that the backscatter radio component can activate and deactivate polarization conversion.

[0143] In a thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, process 1100 includes receiving configuration information before sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0144] In a fourteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to thirteen, the sending of the capability information further comprises sending the capability information using polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability.

[0145] In the fifteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, the sending of the capability information further comprises: sending the capability information without polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will not include the polarization conversion capability.

[0146] although Fig.11 Example blocks of process 1100 are shown, but in some aspects, process 1100 may include Fig.11 The blocks depicted may be additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1100 may be performed in parallel.

[0147] Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1200 performed, for example, by a UE according to the present disclosure. The example process 1200 is an example in which a UE (eg, UE 120) performs operations associated with polarization conversion or modulation for a backscatter radio component.

[0148] like Fig.12 As shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include identifying capability information of a backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component (block 1210). Fig.15 The depicted communications manager 140 and / or capability signaling component 1508) can identify capability information of the backscatter radio related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio, as described above.

[0149] like Fig.12 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include sending capability information to a network node (block 1220). For example, a UE (e.g., using Fig.15The depicted communications manager 140 and / or transmitting component 1504) can transmit capability information for a network node, as described above.

[0150] Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in combination with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0151] In a first aspect, the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

[0152] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 1200 includes sending the capability information in association with a trigger.

[0153] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 1200 includes receiving information indicating a modulation scheme of one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability, and sending the received information to the backscatter radio component.

[0154] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, process 1200 includes receiving information indicating modulation schemes supported by the network node, and sending the received information to the backscatter radio component.

[0155] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, process 1200 includes receiving information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, and sending the received information to the backscatter radio component.

[0156] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, process 1200 includes receiving a trigger to activate polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, and sending the received information to the backscatter radio component.

[0157] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, process 1200 includes sending an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for the backscatter radio component.

[0158] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the capability information indicates a category identifying at least one of the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0159] In a ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the polarization conversion capability indicates that the backscatter radio component can activate and deactivate polarization conversion.

[0160] In a tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, process 1200 includes receiving configuration information prior to sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0161] although Fig.12 An example block diagram of process 1200 is shown, but in some aspects, process 1200 may include Fig.12 The blocks depicted may be additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1200 may be performed in parallel.

[0162] Fig.13 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1300 performed, for example, by a network node in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 1300 is an example in which a network node (eg, the network node 110) performs operations associated with polarization conversion of a backscatter radio component.

[0163] like Fig.13 As shown, in some aspects, process 1300 may include obtaining capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of a backscatter radio component (block 1310). Fig.16 The depicted communications manager 150 and / or receiving component 1602) can obtain capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of a backscatter radio component, as described above.

[0164] like Fig.13 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1300 may include communicating with a backscatter radio component based on the capability information (block 1320). For example, a network node (e.g., using communication manager 150 and / or Fig.16 The depicted transmitting component 1604 can communicate with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information, as described above.

[0165] Process 1300 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in combination with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0166] In a first aspect, obtaining the capability information further comprises obtaining the capability information from user equipment associated with the backscatter radio component.

[0167] In a second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

[0168] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 1300 includes outputting a trigger for sending the capability information.

[0169] In a fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the communicating with the backscatter radio component in accordance with the capability information further comprises receiving or scheduling transmission of backscatter in accordance with the capability information.

[0170] In a fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, process 1300 includes outputting information indicating a modulation scheme from one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme.

[0171] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, process 1300 comprises outputting information indicating a modulation scheme supported by the network node, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme supported by the network node.

[0172] In a seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, process 1300 comprises outputting information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the transmission of the backscatter is based at least in part on whether the network node supports polarization conversion.

[0173] In an eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, process 1300 includes outputting a trigger to activate polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the backscatter transmission uses polarization conversion based at least in part on the trigger.

[0174] In a ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, process 1300 includes transmitting an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for transmission for the backscatter.

[0175] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the capability information indicates a category identifying at least one of the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0176] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the polarization conversion capability indicates that the backscatter radio component can activate and deactivate polarization conversion.

[0177] In a twelfth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, process 1300 includes outputting configuration information before sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0178] In the thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, obtaining the capability information further comprises: monitoring the capability information using a first hypothesis with polarization conversion and a second hypothesis without polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability.

[0179] In a fourteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to thirteen, obtaining the capability information further comprises monitoring the capability information in the absence of polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will not include the polarization conversion capability.

[0180] although Fig.13 Example blocks of process 1300 are shown, but in some aspects, process 1300 may include Fig.13 The blocks depicted may be additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1300 may be performed in parallel.

[0181] Fig.14 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1400 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Apparatus 1400 may be a backscatter radio component, or a backscatter radio component may include apparatus 1400. In some aspects, apparatus 1400 includes a receiving component 1402 and a transmitting component 1404, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1400 may communicate with another apparatus 1406 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1402 and transmitting component 1404. As further shown, apparatus 1400 may include a communication manager 160. Communication manager 160 may include one or more of capability signaling component 1408, etc.

[0182] In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform Figures 3 to 10 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein (such as Fig.11 In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 and / or Fig.14 One or more of the components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the backscatter radio component described. Fig.14 One or more of the components shown may be combined with Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and can be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0183] The receiving component 1402 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, from the device 1406. The receiving component 1402 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1400. In some aspects, the receiving component 1402 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1400. In some aspects, the receiving component 1402 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described backscatter radio components.

[0184] The transmitting component 1404 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 1406. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1400 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1404 for transmission to the device 1406. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1404 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1406. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1404 may include combining Figure 2One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described backscatter radio components. In some aspects, the transmit component 1404 can be co-located with the receive component 1402 in a transceiver.

[0185] Transmitting component 1404 or capability signaling component 1408 can transmit capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component. Transmitting component 1404 can communicate with a network node based on the capability information.

[0186] The sending component 1404 can send the capability information in association with the trigger.

[0187] Receiving component 1402 can receive information indicating a modulation scheme among one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme.

[0188] Receiving component 1402 can receive information indicating a modulation scheme supported by a network node, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme supported by the network node.

[0189] Receiving component 1402 can receive information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at a backscatter radio component, wherein the transmission of backscatter is based at least in part on whether the network node supports polarization conversion.

[0190] The receiving component 1402 can receive a trigger to activate polarization conversion at a backscatter radio component, wherein the backscatter transmission uses polarization conversion based at least in part on the trigger.

[0191] Transmitting component 1404 can transmit an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for transmission for backscatter.

[0192] Receiving component 1402 can receive configuration information prior to sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include polarization conversion capability or backscatter modulation capability.

[0193] Fig.14 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. Fig.14 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Fig.14 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.14 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.14The illustrated set of component(s) may be described as being executable by Fig.14 Another collection of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0194] Fig.15 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1500 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Apparatus 1500 may be a UE, or a UE may include apparatus 1500. In some aspects, apparatus 1500 includes a receiving component 1502 and a transmitting component 1504, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1500 may communicate with another apparatus 1506 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1502 and transmitting component 1504. As further shown, apparatus 1500 may include a communication manager 140. Communication manager 140 may include a capability signaling component 1508, etc.

[0195] In some aspects, the apparatus 1500 may be configured to perform Figures 4 to 10 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1500 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein (such as Fig.12 In some aspects, Fig.15 The device 1500 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Fig.15 One or more of the components shown may be combined with Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and can be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0196] The receiving component 1502 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, from the device 1506. The receiving component 1502 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1500. In some aspects, the receiving component 1502 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1500. In some aspects, the receiving component 1502 may include combining Figure 2One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described UE.

[0197] Transmit component 1504 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1506. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1500 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to transmit component 1504 for transmission to device 1506. In some aspects, transmit component 1504 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 1506. In some aspects, transmit component 1504 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described UE. In some aspects, the transmit component 1504 can be co-located with the receive component 1502 in a transceiver.

[0198] Capability signaling component 1508 can identify capability information of the backscatter radio related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio.Transmitting component 1504 can transmit the capability information for the network node.

[0199] The sending component 1504 can send the capability information in association with the trigger.

[0200] The receiving component 1502 can receive information indicating a modulation scheme from one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component that transmits the received information.

[0201] Receiving component 1502 can receive information indicating modulation schemes supported by a network node.

[0202] Transmitting component 1504 can transmit the received information to a backscatter radio component.

[0203] Receiving component 1502 can receive information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at a backscatter radio component.

[0204] Transmitting component 1504 can transmit the received information to a backscatter radio component.

[0205] The receiving component 1502 can receive a trigger to activate polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component.

[0206] Transmitting component 1504 can transmit the received information to a backscatter radio component.

[0207] Transmitting component 1504 can transmit an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for the backscatter radio component.

[0208] Receiving component 1502 can receive configuration information prior to sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include polarization conversion capability or backscatter modulation capability.

[0209] Fig.15 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. Fig.15 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Fig.15 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.15 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.15 The illustrated set of component(s) may be described as being executable by Fig.15 Another collection of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0210] Fig.16 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1600 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Apparatus 1600 may be a network node, or a network node may include apparatus 1600. In some aspects, apparatus 1600 includes a receiving component 1602 and a sending component 1604, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1600 may communicate with another apparatus 1606 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1602 and sending component 1604. As further shown, apparatus 1600 may include a communication manager 150. Communication manager 150 may include a capability signaling component 1608, etc.

[0211] In some aspects, the apparatus 1600 may be configured to perform Figures 4 to 10 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1600 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein (such as Fig.12 In some aspects, Fig.16 The device 1600 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Fig.16 One or more of the components shown may be combined with Figure 2Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and can be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0212] The receiving component 1602 may receive communications from the device 1606, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof. The receiving component 1602 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1600. In some aspects, the receiving component 1602 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1600. In some aspects, the receiving component 1602 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof, of the described network nodes.

[0213] Transmit component 1604 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1606. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1600 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to transmit component 1604 for transmission to device 1606. In some aspects, transmit component 1604 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 1606. In some aspects, transmit component 1604 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described network nodes. In some aspects, the transmit component 1604 can be co-located with the receive component 1602 in a transceiver.

[0214] Capability signaling component 1608 can obtain capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio. Transmitting component 1604 can communicate with the backscatter radio based on the capability information.

[0215] The sending component 1604 can output a trigger for sending the capability information.

[0216] Transmitting component 1604 may output information indicating a modulation scheme among the one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme.

[0217] Transmitting component 1604 can output information indicating a modulation scheme supported by the network node, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme supported by the network node.

[0218] Transmitting component 1604 can output information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the transmission of the backscatter is based at least in part on whether the network node supports polarization conversion.

[0219] Transmitting component 1604 can output a trigger to activate polarization conversion at a backscatter radio component, wherein backscatter transmissions utilize polarization conversion based at least in part on the trigger.

[0220] Transmitting component 1604 can transmit an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for transmission for backscatter.

[0221] Transmitting component 1604 may output configuration information prior to transmitting the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include polarization conversion capability or backscatter modulation capability.

[0222] Fig.16 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. Fig.16 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Fig.16 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.16 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.16 The illustrated set of component(s) may be described as being executable by Fig.16 Another collection of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0223] The following provides an overview of some aspects of the disclosure:

[0224] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a backscatter radio component, the method comprising: sending capability information related to at least one of the polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or the backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; and communicating with a network node based on the capability information.

[0225] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, wherein the sending of the capability information further comprises sending the capability information to a user equipment associated with the backscatter radio component.

[0226] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

[0227] Aspect 4: According to the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, the method further includes: receiving a trigger for sending the capability information, wherein sending the capability information further includes sending the capability information in association with the trigger.

[0228] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the communication with the network node according to the capability information further comprises performing backscatter transmission according to the capability information.

[0229] Aspect 6: The method according to aspect 5 further comprises: receiving information indicating a modulation scheme among one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme.

[0230] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 5 further comprises: receiving information indicating a modulation scheme supported by the network node, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme supported by the network node.

[0231] Aspect 8: The method according to aspect 5 further comprises: receiving information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the sending of the backscatter is at least partially based on whether the network node supports polarization conversion.

[0232] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 5, further comprising: receiving a trigger to activate polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the backscatter transmission uses polarization conversion based at least in part on the trigger.

[0233] Aspect 10: The method according to aspect 9, wherein performing the backscattered transmission according to the capability information further comprises: receiving a first signal; and backscattering the first signal with converted polarization.

[0234] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 5, further comprising: sending an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for the transmission for the backscatter.

[0235] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, wherein the capability information indicates a category identifying at least one of the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0236] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12, wherein the polarization conversion capability indicates that the backscatter radio component can activate and deactivate polarization conversion.

[0237] Aspect 14: According to the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13, the method further includes: receiving configuration information before sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0238] Aspect 15: The method according to aspect 14, wherein the transmitting of the capability information further comprises: transmitting the capability information using polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information is to include the polarization conversion capability.

[0239] Aspect 16: The method of aspect 14, wherein the transmitting of the capability information further comprises transmitting the capability information without polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will not include the polarization conversion capability.

[0240] Aspect 17: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: identifying capability information of a backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; and sending the capability information to a network node.

[0241] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 17, wherein the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

[0242] Aspect 19: According to the method according to any one of Aspects 17 to 18, the method further includes: receiving a trigger for sending the capability information, wherein sending the capability information further includes sending the capability information in association with the trigger.

[0243] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of aspects 17 to 19, the method further comprising: receiving information indicating a modulation scheme among one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability; and sending the received information to the backscatter radio component.

[0244] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of aspects 17 to 20, further comprising: receiving information indicating a modulation scheme supported by the network node; and sending the received information to the backscatter radio component.

[0245] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 17 to 21, the method further comprising: receiving information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component; and sending the received information to the backscatter radio component.

[0246] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of aspects 17 to 22, the method further comprising: receiving a trigger to activate polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component; and sending the received information to the backscatter radio component.

[0247] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of aspects 17 to 23, further comprising: sending an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for the backscatter radio component.

[0248] Aspect 25: The method according to any one of aspects 17 to 24, wherein the capability information indicates a category identifying at least one of the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0249] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of aspects 17 to 25, wherein the polarization conversion capability indicates that the backscatter radio component can activate and deactivate polarization conversion.

[0250] Aspect 27: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 17 to 26, the method further comprises: receiving configuration information before sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0251] Aspect 28: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: obtaining capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; and communicating with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information.

[0252] Aspect 29: The method according to aspect 28, wherein obtaining the capability information further comprises obtaining the capability information from a user equipment associated with the backscatter radio component.

[0253] Aspect 30: The method according to any one of aspects 28 to 29, wherein the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

[0254] Aspect 31: According to the method of any one of Aspects 28 to 30, the method further comprises: outputting a trigger for sending the capability information.

[0255] Aspect 32: The method according to any one of aspects 28 to 31, wherein the communicating with the backscatter radio component according to the capability information further comprises receiving or scheduling transmission of backscatter according to the capability information.

[0256] Aspect 33: The method according to Aspect 32 further comprises: outputting information indicating a modulation scheme among one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme.

[0257] Aspect 34: The method according to aspect 32 further comprises: outputting information indicating a modulation scheme supported by the network node, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme supported by the network node.

[0258] Aspect 35: The method according to aspect 32 further comprises: outputting information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the transmission of the backscatter is at least partially based on whether the network node supports polarization conversion.

[0259] Aspect 36: The method of aspect 32, further comprising: outputting a trigger to activate polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the backscatter transmission uses polarization conversion based at least in part on the trigger.

[0260] Aspect 37: The method according to aspect 32, the method further comprising: sending an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for the transmission for the backscatter.

[0261] Aspect 38: The method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 37, wherein the capability information indicates a category identifying at least one of the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0262] Aspect 39: The method according to any one of aspects 28 to 38, wherein the polarization conversion capability indicates that the backscatter radio component can activate and deactivate polarization conversion.

[0263] Aspect 40: According to the method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 39, the method further includes: outputting configuration information before sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

[0264] Aspect 41: A method according to Aspect 40, wherein obtaining the capability information further comprises: monitoring the capability information using a first hypothesis with polarization conversion and a second hypothesis without polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability.

[0265] Aspect 42: The method of aspect 40, wherein obtaining the capability information further comprises: monitoring the capability information without polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will not include the polarization conversion capability.

[0266] Aspect 43: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 1 to 42.

[0267] Aspect 44: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 42.

[0268] Aspect 45: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 42.

[0269] Aspect 46: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 42.

[0270] Aspect 47: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 1 to 42.

[0271] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the various aspects.

[0272] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, the phrase "based on" is intended to be broadly interpreted as "based at least in part on". As used herein, depending on the context, "satisfying a threshold value" may refer to a value greater than a threshold value, greater than or equal to a threshold value, less than a threshold value, less than or equal to a threshold value, equal to a threshold value, not equal to a threshold value, etc. As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of these items (including a single member). As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover: a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c.

[0273] In addition, as used herein, the article "one" is intended to include one or more items, and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the article "said" is intended to include one or more items connected to the article "said", and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the term "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items (for example, related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related and unrelated items), and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". If only want to refer to an item, the phrase "only one" or similar terms will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the term "having" and similar terms are intended to be open terms that do not limit the elements (for example, element "including" A can also contain B) that they modify. In addition, as used herein, the term "or" is intended to be inclusive when used in a sequence, and can be used interchangeably with "and / or", unless otherwise explicitly stated (for example, in the case of being used in combination with "any one of" or "only one of").

[0274] The various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic processes described in conjunction with the various aspects disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been generally described in terms of functionality and is illustrated in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and processes described herein. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0275] The hardware and data processing apparatus for implementing the various illustrative logic components, logic blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the various aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or executed using a general purpose single-chip or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors and a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some aspects, specific processes and methods may be performed by circuits dedicated to a given function.

[0276] In one or more aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents, or any combination thereof. Aspects of the subject matter described in this specification may also be implemented as one or more computer programs (such as one or more modules of computer program instructions) encoded on computer storage media to be executed by a data processing apparatus or to control the operation of the data processing apparatus.

[0277] If implemented in software, the function may be stored on a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes or sent through a computer-readable medium. The process of the method or algorithm disclosed herein may be implemented in a processor executable software module that may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media, and communication media include any medium that can realize the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium that a computer can access. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage devices, disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, any connection may be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. Disks and optical disks as used herein include compact disks (CDs), laser disks, optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks and blue-ray disks, wherein disks generally reproduce data magnetically, and optical disks reproduce data optically with lasers. The combination of media described herein should also be included in the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, the operations of a method or algorithm may reside as a code and instruction set, or any combination of code and instruction sets, on a machine-readable medium or computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.

[0278] Various modifications to the various aspects described in this disclosure may be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but should be granted the broadest scope consistent with the disclosure, the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0279] Additionally, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily understand that the terms "upper" and "lower" are sometimes used for ease of describing the drawings and indicate relative positions on a properly oriented page corresponding to the orientation of the drawing, and may not reflect the proper orientation of any device as implemented.

[0280] Certain features described in this specification in the context of independent aspects may also be implemented in combination in a single aspect. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single aspect may also be implemented in multiple aspects individually or in any suitable subcombination. In addition, although features may be described as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination may be removed from the combination in some cases, and a claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination, or a variation of a subcombination.

[0281] Similarly, although the operations are depicted in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be understood as requiring such operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order, or to perform all illustrated operations to achieve the desired result. In addition, the accompanying drawings can schematically depict one or more example processes in the form of a flow chart. However, other operations not depicted can be incorporated into the example processes schematically illustrated. For example, one or more additional operations can be performed before, after, at the same time, or between any operations in the illustrated operations. In some environments, multitasking and parallel processing are advantageous. In addition, the separation of various system components in the various aspects described should not be understood as requiring such separation in all aspects, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, other aspects also fall within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions recorded in the claims can be performed in different orders and still achieve the desired result.

Claims

1. A backscatter radio component for wireless communication, the backscatter radio component comprising: Memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory and configured to: transmitting capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; and Communicating with the network node is performed based on the capability information.

2. The backscatter radio component of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors for transmitting the capability information are configured to transmit the capability information to a user equipment associated with the backscatter radio component.

3. The backscatter radio component of claim 1, wherein the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

4. The backscatter radio component of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive a trigger for sending the capability information, wherein the one or more processors for sending the capability information are further configured to send the capability information in association with the trigger.

5. The backscatter radio component of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors that communicate with the network node based on the capability information are configured to perform backscatter transmission based on the capability information.

6. The backscatter radio component of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive information indicating a modulation scheme from among one or more modulation schemes indicated by the backscatter modulation capability, wherein the backscatter transmission uses the modulation scheme.

7. The backscatter radio component of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive information indicating a modulation scheme supported by the network node, wherein the transmission of the backscatter uses the modulation scheme supported by the network node.

8. The backscatter radio component of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive information indicating whether the network node supports polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the transmission of the backscatter is based at least in part on whether the network node supports polarization conversion.

9. The backscatter radio component of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive a trigger to activate polarization conversion at the backscatter radio component, wherein the backscatter transmission uses polarization conversion based at least in part on the trigger.

10. The backscatter radio component of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors that perform the transmission of the backscatter according to the capability information are configured to: receiving a first signal; and The first signal is backscattered having a converted polarization.

11. The backscatter radio component of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for transmissions for the backscatter.

12. The backscatter radio component of claim 1, wherein the capability information indicates a class identifying at least one of the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

13. The backscatter radio component of claim 1, wherein the polarization conversion capability indicates that the backscatter radio component can activate and deactivate polarization conversion.

14. The backscatter radio component of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive configuration information prior to sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information is to include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

15. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the user equipment (UE) comprising: Memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory and configured to: identifying capability information of a backscatter radio component related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; as well as The capability information is sent to a network node.

16. The UE of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive a trigger for sending the capability information, wherein the one or more processors for sending the capability information are further configured to send the capability information in association with the trigger.

17. The UE of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to send an indication of whether polarization conversion or backscatter modulation is activated for the backscatter radio component.

18. The UE of claim 15, wherein the polarization conversion capability indicates that the backscatter radio component can activate and deactivate polarization conversion.

19. The UE of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive configuration information before sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

20. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprising: Memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory and configured to: obtaining capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of a backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; as well as Communicating with the backscatter radio component is performed based on the capability information.

21. The network node of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors for obtaining the capability information are configured to obtain the capability information from user equipment associated with the backscatter radio component.

22. The network node of claim 20, wherein the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

23. The network node of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to output a trigger for sending the capability information.

24. The network node of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors that communicate with the backscatter radio component based on the capability information are configured to receive or schedule transmissions of backscatter based on the capability information.

25. The network node of claim 24, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to output configuration information prior to sending the capability information, the configuration information indicating whether the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability or the backscatter modulation capability.

26. A network node according to claim 25, wherein the one or more processors for obtaining the capability information are configured to monitor the capability information using a first hypothesis with polarization conversion and a second hypothesis without polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will include the polarization conversion capability.

27. The network node of claim 25, wherein the one or more processors for obtaining the capability information are configured to monitor the capability information without polarization conversion based at least in part on the configuration indicating that the capability information will not include the polarization conversion capability.

28. A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a backscatter radio component, the method comprising: transmitting capability information related to at least one of a polarization conversion capability of the backscatter radio component or a backscatter modulation capability of the backscatter radio component; as well as Communicating with the network node is performed based on the capability information.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the transmitting of the capability information further comprises transmitting the capability information to a user equipment associated with the backscatter radio component.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein the backscatter modulation capability indicates one or more modulation schemes that the backscatter radio component can apply for backscattered communications.

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