Wur data transmission method, related apparatus, and communication system

Abstract

The application provides a WUR data sending method, related devices and a communication system. The method does not modify the traditional Wi-Fi transmitter hardware device, and by giving a software-processed WUR data source to the traditional Wi-Fi transmitter, the traditional Wi-Fi transmitter can generate a WUR frame that is narrowband and complies with OOK modulation. The software processing includes subcarrier mapping and reverse operations opposite to the processing of the traditional Wi-Fi transmitter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to WUR data transmission methods, related devices and communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] Wake-up radio (WUR) technology is a low-power technique that effectively reduces the standby power consumption of wireless receiving devices. WUR technology is applicable to devices in both Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi Direct networks. For example, a central device establishes a Wi-Fi connection with a node device. The node device may include a main Wi-Fi module and a WUR module. The WUR module consumes less power than the main Wi-Fi module. The main Wi-Fi module of the node device can be in sleep mode, while the WUR module can be in active mode. When the central device needs to send data to the node device, it can send a WUR frame. The node device's WUR module can then wake up the main Wi-Fi module based on the WUR frame. Once the main Wi-Fi module is awakened, the node device can receive service data from the central device through it. In other words, the node device's main Wi-Fi module only operates when data communication with the central device is required; otherwise, it can remain in sleep mode. This saves standby power consumption for the node device.

[0003] The key to low power consumption in WUR technology lies in the use of narrowband RF / analog circuits, low-rate analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) / baseband processing circuits, and on-off keying (OOK) modulation. These narrowband RF / analog circuits and OOK modulation require specific hardware to implement. Existing devices based on Wi-Fi protocols such as 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be lack the hardware to implement WUR technology and cannot send WUR frames. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a WUR data transmission method, related apparatus, and communication system. This method, without modifying the hardware of a traditional Wi-Fi transmitter, enables the traditional Wi-Fi transmitter to generate narrowband WUR frames conforming to OOK modulation by having the software-processed WUR data source processed by the transmitter.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a WUR data transmission method. This method can be applied to a first device, which includes a first Wi-Fi transmitter. The first Wi-Fi transmitter modulates the signal using a first modulation scheme, and the channel bandwidth of the modulated signal is a first bandwidth. The first device determines first data according to the 802.11ba protocol. The first data is a field sequence of the WUR payload. The first device performs subcarrier mapping on the first data. The subcarrier obtained after subcarrier mapping carries the first data, has a channel bandwidth of a second bandwidth, and conforms to a second modulation scheme. The second modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that the WUR receiver can demodulate, and the second bandwidth is less than the first bandwidth. The first device performs a first processing on the subcarrier obtained after subcarrier mapping to obtain second data. The first processing is the inverse of the second processing included in the first modulation scheme. The first device adds a Wi-Fi signal physical frame header to the front end of the second data to obtain third data. The first device uses the first Wi-Fi transmitter to modulate the third data according to the first modulation scheme, generating and transmitting a WUR frame. The WUR payload in the WUR frame conforms to the second modulation scheme, and the transmission channel bandwidth is the second bandwidth.

[0006] The physical frame header of the WUR frame conforms to the first modulation scheme, and the transmission channel bandwidth is the first bandwidth.

[0007] The first bandwidth can be an integer multiple of 20MHz, such as 20MHz, 40MHz, etc. The second bandwidth can be 4MHz.

[0008] Both the subcarrier mapping and the first processing described above can be implemented by the processor of the first device through corresponding software programs.

[0009] The aforementioned first data can also be referred to as a data source, including this application. Figure 4 The WUR-Sync field and the WUR data field are shown.

[0010] As can be seen, before the first device modulates the Wi-Fi signal using the first Wi-Fi transmitter according to the first modulation method, it can first perform a reverse operation to cancel the influence of the first modulation method on the mapped subcarrier. This allows the first Wi-Fi transmitter to transmit narrowband (e.g., the second bandwidth) WUR frames conforming to the second modulation method. Based on this method, even if the first device lacks the hardware for transmitting WUR frames, it can still transmit WUR frames through the first Wi-Fi transmitter without adjusting the hardware; only a software upgrade is needed. This reduces the receiving power consumption of devices equipped with WUR receivers.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first bandwidth corresponds to k1 subcarriers, and the second bandwidth corresponds to k2 subcarriers, where k1 and k2 are both positive integers. When the first device performs subcarrier mapping on the first data, for data with a bit value of 1 in the first data, the first device can select k2 consecutive subcarriers from the k1 subcarriers, assign values ​​to the k2 consecutive subcarriers according to the first sequence value, and assign the remaining subcarriers in the k1 subcarriers a value of 0. For data with a bit value of 0 in the first data, the first device can assign a value of 0 to all k1 subcarriers. Specifically, data with a bit value of 1 is converted into a signal with a square wave waveform after subcarrier mapping, and data with a bit value of 0 is converted into a signal with a zero-energy waveform after subcarrier mapping.

[0012] The first sequence value mentioned above can be determined based on the following principles: the time-domain energy envelope should be as close as possible to a square wave, and the peak-to-average power ratio should be as low as possible.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first Wi-Fi transmitter is an OFDM transmitter, the first modulation method is OFDM modulation, the second modulation method is OOK modulation, or the second modulation method is FSK modulation.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first process includes subcarrier demodulation, channel decoding, and descrambling, and the second process includes scrambling, channel coding, and subcarrier modulation.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, subcarrier demodulation is PSK demodulation, channel decoding is BCC decoding or LDPC decoding, channel coding is BCC coding or LDPC coding, and subcarrier modulation is PSK modulation.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the type of the first Wi-Fi transmitter includes: a transmitter conforming to the 802.11a protocol, a transmitter conforming to the 802.11g protocol, a transmitter conforming to the 802.11n protocol, a transmitter conforming to the 802.11ac protocol, a transmitter conforming to the 802.11ax protocol, and a transmitter conforming to the 802.11be protocol.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11a protocol or a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11g protocol, and the physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11a protocol or the 802.11g protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, and L-SIG field.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11n protocol, and the physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11n protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, L-SIG field, HT-SIG field, HT-STF field, and HT-LTF field.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11ac protocol, and the physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11n protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, L-SIG field, VHT-SIG-A field, VHT-STF field, VHT-LTF field, and VHT-SIG-B field.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter conforming to the 802.11ax-SU protocol, or a transmitter conforming to the 802.11ax-TB protocol, or a transmitter conforming to the 802.11ax-ER protocol. The Wi-Fi signal physical frame header is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11ax-SU protocol, the 802.11ax-TB protocol, or the 802.11ax-ER protocol, including: the L-STF field, the L-LTF field, and the L-SIG field. The RL-SIG field, HE-SIG-A field, HE-STF field, HE-LTF field; or, the first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11ax-MU protocol, and the physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11ax-MU protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, L-SIG field, RL-SIG field, HE-SIG-A field, HE-SIG-B field, HE-STF field, HE-LTF field.

[0021] It can be seen that the content of the physical frame header in the WUR frame transmitted by the first Wi-Fi transmitter is related to the Wi-Fi standard followed by the first Wi-Fi transmitter.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, during the process of establishing a communication connection between the first device and the second device, the first device determines that the second device has a WUR receiver. The first device assigns a first WUR ID to the second device and sends the first WUR ID to the second device, the first WUR ID being used to identify the second device.

[0023] In the presence of a second device, the WUR payload in the WUR frame transmitted by the first device contains a first WURID. The second device can determine that the WUR frame was sent from the first device based on the first WUR ID. Then, the WUR module in the second device can wake up the main Wi-Fi module in the second device.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first device establishes a communication connection with the third device, the third device does not have a WUR receiver, when the first device detects the service of the third device, the first device finds that the third device does not have a WUR receiver; the first device indicates the service information to the third device by broadcasting beacon frames.

[0025] As can be seen, the first device can establish communication connections not only with devices equipped with WUR receivers (such as the second device), but also with devices without WUR receivers (such as the third device). When a service from a device is detected, the first device can determine whether that device has a WUR receiver. If the device has a WUR receiver, the first device can transmit a WUR frame to wake up the device's main Wi-Fi module, and then communicate with the device to complete the service. If the device does not have a WUR receiver, the first device can broadcast a beacon frame to notify the device to initiate the service. The above embodiments allow the first device to flexibly choose the method of service with devices that have established communication connections with it.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal includes a WUR indicator bit, which is used to indicate whether the Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame. Specifically, a WUR indicator bit of 1 indicates that the Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame, and a WUR indicator bit of 0 indicates that the Wi-Fi signal is not a WUR frame.

[0027] The Wi-Fi signal physical frame header includes the L-SIG field, and the WUR indicator bit can be the 5th bit of the L-SIG field.

[0028] As can be seen, the aforementioned WUR indicator bit allows the receiving end to easily identify whether a Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame upon receiving the physical frame header. Thus, devices without a WUR receiver can stop receiving WUR frames once the WUR indicator bit identifies the Wi-Fi signal as a WUR frame, thereby saving standby power consumption and extending standby time.

[0029] Secondly, this application provides a WUR data transmission method. The first device can set a WUR indicator bit in the physical frame header of the transmitted Wi-Fi signal. The WUR indicator bit is used to indicate whether the Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame; a WUR indicator bit of 1 indicates that the Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame, and a WUR indicator bit of 0 indicates that the Wi-Fi signal is not a WUR frame.

[0030] The first device can be a device with hardware means for transmitting WUR frames, capable of transmitting WUR frames in accordance with the 802.11ba protocol. Alternatively, the first device can also be a device without hardware means for transmitting WUR frames, capable of transmitting WUR frames according to the method described in the first aspect above.

[0031] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the Wi-Fi signal physical frame header includes an L-SIG field, and the WUR indicator bit can be the 5th bit of the L-SIG field.

[0032] As can be seen, the first device can transmit Wi-Fi signals with a WUR indicator bit included in the physical frame header. This WUR indicator bit allows the receiving end to easily identify whether the Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame upon receiving the physical frame header. Thus, devices without a WUR receiver can stop receiving WUR frames once they identify the Wi-Fi signal as a WUR frame based on the WUR indicator bit, thereby saving standby power consumption and extending standby time.

[0033] Thirdly, this application provides a WUR data receiving method. This method should be applicable to a third device that does not have a WUR receiver. The third device receives the physical frame header of a Wi-Fi signal frame, the physical frame header including a WUR indicator bit; the third device determines that the Wi-Fi signal frame is a WUR frame based on the WUR indicator bit; the third device stops receiving the Wi-Fi signal frame.

[0034] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some embodiments, the physical frame header includes an L-SIG field, and the WUR indicator bit is the 5th bit of the L-SIG field.

[0035] As can be seen, the physical frame header of a Wi-Fi signal contains a WUR indicator bit. A third device without a WUR receiver can determine that the received signal is a WUR frame upon receiving the physical frame header of a WUR frame. Once the received signal is confirmed to be a WUR frame, the third device can stop receiving that WUR frame. In this way, the third device can terminate receiving WUR frames early without having to discard them after fully receiving them. This method can save the receiving power consumption of the third device and increase its standby time.

[0036] Fourthly, this application provides an electronic device that may include a communication device, a memory, and a processor. The communication device is used to receive and transmit wireless signals. The memory is used to store a computer program. The processor is used to invoke the computer program, causing the electronic device to execute any possible implementation method as described in the first, second, or third aspect.

[0037] Fifthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform any possible implementation of the first, second, or third aspect.

[0038] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a computer program product that may include computer instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform any possible implementation method as described in the first, second, or third aspect.

[0039] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a chip for use in an electronic device, the chip including one or more processors, the processors being configured to invoke computer instructions to cause the electronic device to perform any possible implementation method as described in the first, second, or third aspect.

[0040] It is understood that the electronic device provided in the fourth aspect, the computer-readable storage medium provided in the fifth aspect, the computer program product provided in the sixth aspect, and the chip provided in the seventh aspect are all used to execute the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of a communication system 10 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is an architecture diagram of a communication system 20 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first device and the second device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a WUR frame physical layer frame format provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a data communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a WUR data transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figures 7A to 7G These are schematic diagrams of the frame structure of some WUR frames provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an L-SIG structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a software structure block diagram of the first device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions "a," "the," "the," "the," and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the following embodiments of this application, "at least one" and "one or more" refer to one or more (including two). The term "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0052] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The term "connection" includes direct connections and indirect connections, unless otherwise stated. "First" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0054] The communication system involved in this application is described below.

[0055] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system 10 provided in this application is shown.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 10 may include a central device and multiple node devices. These multiple node devices may include node device 1, node device 2, node device N, etc. N can be a positive integer.

[0057] A Wi-Fi connection can be established between the central device and the node devices. The central device can be used to provide network access services. The central device can be called an access point (AP) or a central node, etc. Node devices can access the network, such as a Wi-Fi network, through the central device. This allows users to use the node devices for activities such as internet access. Node devices can also be called stations (STAs), etc.

[0058] The types of devices that can be used as central devices include: routers, mobile phones, smartwatches, smart speakers, personal computers, smart TVs, tablets, smart sockets, air purifiers, smart lamps, smart air conditioners, smart curtains, smart water heaters, etc. The types of devices that can be used as node devices include: mobile phones, smartwatches, smart speakers, personal computers, smart TVs, tablets, smart sockets, air purifiers, smart lamps, smart air conditioners, smart curtains, smart water heaters, etc. This application embodiment does not limit the types of devices used for either the central or node devices.

[0059] Figure 2 An exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system 20 provided in this application is shown.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the communication system may include a group owner (GO) device and multiple group client (GC) devices. These multiple group client devices may include group client device 1, group client device 2, group client device M, etc. M can be a positive integer.

[0061] GO devices and GC devices can establish a Wi-Fi Direct connection. Wi-Fi Direct can also be called a Wi-Fi peer-to-peer (Wi-Fi P2P) connection. After establishing a Wi-Fi Direct connection, GO devices and GC devices can transfer files and other data to each other via the Wi-Fi network without the need for an intermediary wireless access point.

[0062] The types of devices for GO devices and GC devices can include, but are not limited to: mobile phones, smartwatches, smart speakers, personal computers, smart TVs, tablets, smart sockets, air purifiers, smart desk lamps, smart air conditioners, smart curtains, smart water heaters, etc.

[0063] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first device and the second device is shown as an example.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the first device may include an 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 311. The second device may include an 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 and a Wi-Fi module 322. In some embodiments, the first device may be... Figure 1 The central device is shown. The second device can be... Figure 1 Any of the node devices shown. In some embodiments, the first device can be... Figure 2 The group owner device is shown. The second device can be... Figure 2 Any of the group client devices shown.

[0065] The 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 311 may include a transmitter for transmitting Wi-Fi signals and a receiver for receiving Wi-Fi signals. For example, a first device can transmit conventional 802.11 frames through the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 311. Conventional 802.11 frames may include, but are not limited to: beacon frames, probe request frames, probe response frames, association request frames, association response frames, etc. Conventional 802.11 frames may include Wi-Fi signals based on Wi-Fi protocols such as 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first device can send a WUR frame via the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 311. The WUR frame can be used to wake up the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 in the second device. The WUR frame can also be referred to as a wake-up frame, WUR wake-up frame, etc.

[0067] The 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 in the second device can be referred to the foregoing description of the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 311. Further details are omitted here. The aforementioned 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 311 and 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 can also be referred to as a main Wi-Fi module, main communication module, 802.11 main module, or Wi-Fi module, etc. This application embodiment does not limit this to any particular name.

[0068] The WUR module 322 in the second device may include a receiver for receiving WUR frames.

[0069] Because traditional 802.11 frames and WUR frames have different channel bandwidths and modulation methods, the WUR module 322 can receive and recognize WUR frames, but usually cannot recognize traditional 802.11 frames. The 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 can receive and recognize traditional 802.11 frames, but usually cannot recognize WUR frames.

[0070] In some embodiments, the WUR module 322 can be in an active state, while the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 can be in a sleep state. When the first device needs to communicate with the second device, the first device can first send a WUR frame. The WUR module 322 in the second device can receive the WUR frame. Based on the WUR frame, the WUR module 322 can send a wake-up signal to the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 to wake it up. When the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module is woken up, the second device can communicate with the first device through the main Wi-Fi module 321. Once the data communication between the first and second devices is complete, the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 in the second device can re-enter a sleep state to save power consumption.

[0071] In some embodiments, the WUR module 322 can remain continuously operational. Alternatively, the WUR module 322 can remain operational intermittently. The time window during which the WUR module 322 is operational can be called a wake-up window or a working window. The occurrence of the wake-up window can be regular so that the first device knows when the WUR module 322 can receive WUR frames. The intermittent operational mode of the WUR module can be called a duty cycle mode. For example, the WUR module 322 is operational for 2 ms out of every 100 milliseconds (ms). That is, the duty cycle of the WUR module 322 is 2%. When the first device needs to communicate with the second device, the first device can send a WUR frame to the second device during the wake-up window to wake up the second device's 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321. The intermittent operational mode of the WUR module 322 can further save power consumption of the second device.

[0072] Understandably, when the WUR module 322 is intermittently active, there is a wake-up delay when the first device needs to communicate with the second device. The wake-up delay depends on the duty cycle of the WUR module 322 during its active state. The larger the duty cycle of the WUR module 322, the smaller the wake-up delay. For example, when the WUR module 322 is continuously active, the first device can send WUR frames to the second device at any time, resulting in the minimum wake-up delay.

[0073] In some embodiments, the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 and the WUR module 322 may be modules integrated on the same circuit / chip. Alternatively, the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 and the WUR module 322 may be two separate modules. For example, the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 and the WUR module 322 may be integrated on different chips. This application does not limit the implementation of the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 and the WUR module 322.

[0074] In some embodiments, the WUR module 322 in the second device can also be connected to the Bluetooth module. When the WUR module 322 is connected to the Bluetooth module, the WUR module 322 can send a wake-up signal to the Bluetooth module based on the received WUR frame to wake up the Bluetooth module. That is, the first device can wake up the Bluetooth module in the second device by sending a WUR frame through the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 311, and then conduct Bluetooth communication with the second device.

[0075] Figure 4 An exemplary schematic diagram of a WUR frame physical layer frame format is shown.

[0076] The IEEE 802.11 standards organization released the 802.11ba protocol. The 802.11ba protocol is a WUR protocol specifically designed for Wi-Fi networks. The 802.11ba protocol defines a communication specification for a 4MHz channel bandwidth and OOK modulation. That is, a WUR frame can be a signal with a channel bandwidth of 4MHz and OOK modulation.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, a WUR frame at the physical layer may include: a legacy short training field (L-STF), a legacy long training field (L-LTF), a legacy signal field (L-SIG), a binary phase shift keying mark (BPSK-Mark), a WUR synchronize (WUR-Sync) field, and a WUR data field. The WUR-Data field may include: a media access control header (MAC Header), a frame body, and a frame check sequence (FCS).

[0078] In this context, L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, and BPSK-Mark are the physical headers of the WUR frame. L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG are the physical headers of a traditional 802.11 frame, or preamble fields. L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG are modulated using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) over a 20MHz (or multiples of 20MHz) channel bandwidth, allowing traditional Wi-Fi devices to identify the current packet as a Wi-Fi packet. BPSK-Mark is processed in the same way as L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG, also using OFDM modulation over a 20MHz (or multiples of 20MHz) channel bandwidth. BPSK-Mark is used to prevent secondary devices from misinterpreting the WUR frame as an 802.11n-based physical protocol data unit (PPDU).

[0079] In other words, the physical frame header of a WUR frame is modulated using OFDM over a wide bandwidth and has a wide-band OFDM waveform.

[0080] The WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields can be collectively referred to as the WUR payload of the WUR frame. The WUR payload uses a modulation method that is easy to demodulate, such as OOK modulation, and can be transmitted on narrower channel bandwidths, such as 2MHz, 4MHz, 5MHz, etc., resulting in lower power consumption of the receiving device.

[0081] The WUR-Sync field can be used for functions such as automatic gain control (AGC) and time synchronization. The WUR-Sync field can also be called the WUR preamble field. The WUR module can determine that a received frame is a WUR frame based on the WUR-Sync field, and then further perform demodulation and decoding operations on the subsequently received WUR-Data field.

[0082] The WUR-Data field can be used to carry the MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) of the WUR frame. Within the WUR-Data field, the frame body may include a WUR identifier (WUR ID). The WUR ID indicates the target receiving device of the WUR frame. When the first device establishes a communication connection with the second device, the second device can obtain and store the WUR ID from the first device. Upon receiving a WUR frame, the second device can determine whether the WUR ID in the WUR frame matches the locally stored WUR ID. If they match, the WUR module 322 in the second device can wake up the 802.11 main Wi-Fi communication module 321. In some embodiments, the WUR-Data field can also use simple channel coding methods such as Manchester encoding, repetition encoding, or spread spectrum coding to improve reliability. The WUR-Data field can also be referred to as the MAC section, etc.

[0083] In other words, the WUR load of a WUR frame is modulated using OOK on a narrowband, and has a narrow-band OOK waveform. For example, with a channel bandwidth of 4MHz, the energy of the WUR load can only be carried on 13 consecutive OFDM subcarriers.

[0084] In some embodiments, besides OOK modulation, the WUR load can also employ other easily demodulated modulation methods, such as frequency shift keying (FSK). OOK modulation of the WUR load is compatible with the IEEE 802.11ba protocol published by the IEEE 802.11 standards organization. Subsequent embodiments of this application will specifically use OOK modulation as an example for illustration.

[0085] In some embodiments, the WUR-Sync field includes a specific sequence. The WUR module 322 in the second device does not receive the physical frame header of the WUR frame, but instead directly detects the aforementioned specific sequence to identify the start of the WUR frame. That is, the WUR module 322 can receive only the WUR payload of the WUR frame.

[0086] It can be seen that WUR frames (mainly the WUR payload of WUR frames) typically employ modulation schemes that are easy for receiving devices to demodulate, such as OOK modulation, over narrowband. With OOK modulation, the receiving device (such as a second device) can determine the information carried by the received WUR frame by the presence or absence of energy. For example, energy is represented by 1, and no energy by 0. However, traditional 802.11 frames typically employ OFDM modulation, binary convolutional code (BCC) / low-density parity check (LDPC) codes, etc., over wideband. When receiving traditional 802.11 frames, the receiving device needs to perform complex signal processing operations such as fast fourier transform (FFT) and forward error correction (FEC) decoding. These signal processing operations consume a significant amount of energy. Therefore, the reception and decoding of WUR frames is much simpler and consumes less energy than that of traditional 802.11 frames. Compared to using only the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 to listen for and receive signals, the second device uses the WUR module 322 to listen for and receive WUR frames, and then wakes up the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321, which can save the standby power consumption of the second device.

[0087] Depend on Figure 4As can be seen, compared to traditional 802.11 frames, WUR frames add a BPSK-Mark to the physical frame header, and the WUR payload requires narrowband OOK modulation. The WUR transmitter defined by the 802.11ba protocol includes hardware devices for implementing the BPSK-Mark and narrowband OOK modulation, and is not backward compatible with Wi-Fi protocols such as 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be. In other words, without adding new hardware devices for implementing the BPSK-Mark and narrowband OOK modulation, existing Wi-Fi signal transmitters based on 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be Wi-Fi protocols cannot send WUR frames.

[0088] This application provides a WUR data transmission method that enables existing transmitters conforming to Wi-Fi protocols such as 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be to transmit WUR frames without modifying their hardware. Existing transmitters conforming to Wi-Fi protocols such as 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be can be referred to as conventional transmitters. Conventional transmitters do not possess the hardware for transmitting WUR frames. For example, a conventional transmitter may include an OFDM transmitter. OFDM transmitters can be used to transmit broadband signals modulated by OFDM.

[0089] Specifically, the first device can determine the data source of the WUR load according to the 802.11ba protocol. Since traditional transmitters require a wide channel bandwidth for signal transmission, they use a large number of subcarriers. The first device can leave some subcarriers idle to reduce the channel bandwidth occupied by the transmitted signal. The first device can then perform subcarrier mapping on the unidled subcarriers based on the WUR load data source. This subcarrier mapping allows the subcarriers to carry data corresponding to the WUR load data source, with the mapped subcarriers having a narrow bandwidth (e.g., 4MHz) and conforming to OOK modulation. Then, the first device can perform a reverse operation on the mapped subcarriers. The reverse operation can include demodulation, decoding, and descrambling. The first device can add a physical frame header to the front end of the reverse-operated data and use an OFDM transmitter to perform OFDM modulation on the data with the added physical frame header. OFDM modulation can include forward operations opposite to the reverse operation: scrambling, encoding, and modulation.

[0090] As can be seen, before using the OFDM transmitter for OFDM modulation, the first device can first perform a reverse operation to cancel the influence of OFDM modulation on the mapped subcarriers, so that the signal transmitted by the OFDM transmitter is a narrowband WUR frame conforming to OOK modulation. Based on the above method, the first device can transmit WUR frames without adjusting the hardware of the traditional transmitter, only by upgrading the software version, thereby reducing the receiving power consumption of the second device equipped with the WUR module.

[0091] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the type of conventional transmitter described above. This application specifically uses an OFDM transmitter as an example to introduce the method for transmitting WUR data. Other types of Wi-Fi transmitters that do not have the hardware for implementing BPSK-Mark and narrowband OOK modulation can refer to the OFDM transmitter for methods of transmitting WUR frames.

[0092] Based on the foregoing Figure 3 The structure of the first and second devices shown and Figure 4 The frame structure of the WUR frame is shown below. The following describes a method for data communication between a first device and a second device using WUR frames, provided by this application.

[0093] Figure 5 An exemplary flowchart illustrates a method for data communication between a first device and a second device.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown, the method may include steps S511 to S517.

[0095] S511, The first device establishes a communication connection with the second device, and the second device obtains the WUR ID from the first device.

[0096] The communication connection established between the first device and the second device can be as described above. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a Wi-Fi connection. Once established, the first device can access a network (such as Ethernet) through the second device. Alternatively, the communication connection established between the first and second devices can be as described above. Figure 2 The diagram shows a direct Wi-Fi connection. A local area network (LAN) is established between the first and second devices. This application does not limit the implementation method of the communication connection between the first and second devices.

[0097] During the establishment of a communication connection between the first device and the second device, the first device can detect whether the second device has the capability to receive WUR frames. That is, the first device can detect whether the second device has a WUR module. For example, the Probe Request frame or Association Request frame sent by the second device to the first device may contain a bit indicating the capability to receive WUR frames. A value of 1 for this capability bit indicates that the second device has a WUR module and can receive WUR frames. A value of 0 indicates that the second device does not have a WUR module and does not support receiving WUR frames. The capability bit can also be carried in other frames sent by the second device to the first device, not limited to the Probe Request or Association Request frames.

[0098] If the second device has a WUR module, the first device can assign a WUR ID to the second device. For example, the WUR ID can be 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. The first device can distinguish different node devices or group client devices with WUR modules based on the WUR ID. The first device can send the WUR ID assigned to the second device to the second device. Specifically, the first device can include the WUR ID in a Probe Response frame, Association Response frame, or other frames to send the WUR ID to the second device. In this way, the second device can obtain its own WUR ID from the first device. The second device can store its own WUR ID in its memory (i.e., store the WUR ID locally). The second device can use this WUR ID to determine whether subsequently received WUR frames are intended for it.

[0099] S512, The second device determines whether the first device has any service from the second device.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first device can temporarily store frames for the second device. The first device can send these stored frames to the second device periodically. The presence of the second device's service on the first device indicates that the first device is temporarily storing the second device's data. The absence of the second device's service on the first device indicates that the first device is not temporarily storing the second device's data. The first device can periodically send broadcast beacon frames. When the main Wi-Fi module is active, the second device can listen for beacon frames through the main Wi-Fi module. Upon receiving a beacon frame, the second device can determine whether its service is present on the first device.

[0101] In some embodiments, the main Wi-Fi module in the second device may periodically enter an operational state to listen for beacon frames.

[0102] The method described above for determining whether the first device carries the service of the second device via beacon frames is merely an illustrative example of this application. This application does not limit the implementation method of the second device determining whether the first device carries the service of the second device.

[0103] If the first device carries the service of the second device, the second device can perform the following step S517. If the first device does not carry the service of the second device, the second device can perform the following step S513.

[0104] S513, the main Wi-Fi module in the second device is powered off, and the WUR module is powered on.

[0105] Powering off the main Wi-Fi module indicates that it has entered a sleep state. Powering on the WUR module indicates that it has entered an active state. In some embodiments, the WUR module may power on when the main Wi-Fi module is powered off. Conversely, the WUR module may power off when the main Wi-Fi module is powered on. Here, powering on the main Wi-Fi module indicates that it has entered an active state, and powering off the WUR module indicates that it has entered a sleep state. In some embodiments, the WUR module may always be active. Alternatively, while the main Wi-Fi module is in a sleep state, the WUR module may be active intermittently.

[0106] In some embodiments, when the second device performs step S512, its main Wi-Fi module is powered down and its WUR module is powered on. Therefore, if it is determined that there is no service from the second device in the first device, the second device can keep its main Wi-Fi module powered down and its WUR module powered on.

[0107] S514. The first device determines whether there is a service from the second device.

[0108] If the first device determines that the second device has a service request, it means that the first device needs to send data to the second device. If the first device determines that the second device does not have a service request, it means that the first device does not need to send data to the second device.

[0109] If the first device has services from the second device, the first device can execute step S515. If the first device does not have services from the second device, then the first device does not need to send data to the second device. In this case, the main Wi-Fi module in the second device can continue to remain in sleep mode, and the WUR module can be always in or intermittently in working mode (i.e., step S513).

[0110] In some embodiments, when the first device determines that the second device has a service, the first device can further determine whether the second device is a device with a WUR module. The first device can look up the WUR ID corresponding to the second device. The existence of a corresponding WUR ID for the second device indicates that the second device has a WUR module. The absence of a corresponding WUR ID for the second device indicates that the second device does not have a WUR module. If the WUR ID corresponding to the second device is found, the first device can execute step S515. If the WUR ID corresponding to the second device is not found, the first device can periodically broadcast beacon frames to indicate that the second device has a service. The second device can then communicate with the first device based on the listened-to beacon frames to fulfill the service requirements. Alternatively, if the WUR ID corresponding to the second device is not found, the first device can transmit data to the second device when the second device's main Wi-Fi module is active. This application embodiment does not limit the method by which the first device and the second device implement services when the second device does not have a WUR module.

[0111] In some embodiments, the transmission of beacon frames and the transmission of WUR frames by the first device can be independent of each other. The first device may indicate the corresponding service information of each device associated with the first device simply by periodically broadcasting beacon frames.

[0112] S515, The first device sends a WUR frame to the second device.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first device may send a WUR frame to the second device when the WUR module in the second device is in a working state.

[0114] S516. The second device determines whether the WUR ID in the WUR frame matches the local WUR ID.

[0115] The WUR module in the second device can listen for and receive WUR frames. The WUR module can determine whether the WURID in the WUR frame matches the local WUR ID. The local WUR ID of the second device can be obtained from the first device when the second device establishes a communication connection with the first device in step S511 above.

[0116] If the WUR ID in the WUR frame matches the WUR ID stored in the second device, it indicates that the target device the first device wants to wake up and communicate with is the second device. If the WUR ID in the WUR frame does not match the WUR ID stored in the second device, it indicates that the target device the first device wants to wake up and communicate with is not the second device.

[0117] If the WUR ID in the WUR frame matches the local WUR ID, the second device can execute step S517. If the WUR ID in the WUR frame does not match the local WUR ID, the main Wi-Fi module in the second device can continue to remain in sleep mode, and the WUR module can be always in or intermittently in working mode (i.e., step S513).

[0118] S517. The main Wi-Fi module in the second device is powered on, and the second device communicates with the first device through the main Wi-Fi module to complete the service requirements.

[0119] In some embodiments, when the second device performs step S512, its main Wi-Fi module is powered on and its WUR module is powered off. When the second device detects a service from the first device, the second device can keep its main Wi-Fi module powered on and its WUR module powered off.

[0120] The following uses an OFDM transmitter as an example to introduce a WUR data transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0121] Figure 6 An exemplary flowchart of a WUR data transmission method is shown.

[0122] like Figure 6 As shown, the first device can perform subcarrier mapping on the data source, and then sequentially perform phase-shift keying (PSK) demodulation, binary convolutional code (BCC) decoding, and descrambling on the mapped subcarriers. Then, the first device can add a physical frame header to the front end of the descrambled data, and sequentially perform the following processing on the data with the added physical frame header: scrambling, BCC encoding, PSK modulation, pilot insertion, inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT), and guard interval (GI) addition, thereby obtaining a WUR frame.

[0123] The aforementioned data source can represent a sequence of WUR payloads (i.e., the WUR-Sync field and the WUR data field). The first device can determine the specific values ​​of the data source according to the 802.11ba protocol. For example, the sequence of the WUR-Sync field in the WUR payload can be {1 01 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0}. The WUR data field may include the WUR ID. The sequence corresponding to a WUR ID of 0 can be {0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0}. The sequence corresponding to a WUR ID of 1 can be {0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 11 1}. The sequence corresponding to WUR ID 2 can be {0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0}. The sequence corresponding to WUR ID 3 can be {0 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1}. The above WUR-Sync field and WUR ID sequences are merely illustrative examples of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0124] The data source can be determined by the processor (such as CPU) of the first device using software programs in accordance with the 802.11ba protocol.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first device can configure the OFDM transmitter in the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 with the following parameters via software: 20MHz channel bandwidth, BCC encoding, binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and normal GI. The BPSK mentioned above can be the modulation scheme corresponding to MCS0. MCS0 can also be referred to as MCS order 0. Not limited to the above parameters, the first device can also configure other parameters for the OFDM transmitter via software to control the channel bandwidth, coding and modulation scheme, etc., of the OFDM transmitter's transmitted signal. For example, not limited to 20MHz, the first device can also configure the channel bandwidth to 40MHz, or 80MHz, or 160MHz, or 320MHz, etc. Not limited to BCC encoding, the first device can also configure the encoding scheme to low-density parity check (LDPC) encoding. Not limited to the modulation scheme corresponding to MCS0, the first device can also configure the modulation scheme to be the modulation scheme corresponding to any one of the MCSs from MCS1 to MCS13.

[0126] This explanation will specifically use an OFDM transmitter with configuration parameters of 20MHz channel bandwidth, BCC coding, and MCS0 as an example.

[0127] A 20MHz channel bandwidth corresponds to 64 subcarriers. The first device can perform different subcarrier mappings for individual bits (0 and 1) in the data source. For example, the mapping relationship between data with a bit of 1 in the data source and the subcarriers can be as follows: assign the middle 13 subcarriers of the 64 subcarriers the value {1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,1,-1,-1,1,-1}, and leave the remaining subcarriers empty (i.e., assign the value 0). The aforementioned middle 13 subcarriers can be the subcarriers corresponding to the sequence numbers (-6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). The subcarrier corresponding to the sequence number 0 is a direct current (DC) subcarrier, which can also be called subcarrier number 0. Assigning values ​​to 13 subcarriers and leaving the remaining subcarriers empty can reduce the channel bandwidth required for signal transmission, thereby forming a signal with a 4MHz channel bandwidth. The mapping relationship between data with bits 0 in the data source and subcarriers can be as follows: all 64 subcarriers are left unused. After the above subcarrier mapping, the subcarriers carry the data from the data source, the channel bandwidth is 4MHz and conforms to OOK modulation.

[0128] The more subcarriers used for signal transmission, the wider the channel bandwidth they occupy. For example, 40MHz can correspond to 128 subcarriers. If the OFDM transmitter's configuration parameters include a 40MHz channel bandwidth, the first device can select 13 subcarriers from these 128 subcarriers to map data with bits 1 and 0, leaving the remaining subcarriers unused. The 40MHz channel bandwidth includes a primary 20MHz channel bandwidth. For example, the 0-20MHz channel bandwidth within the 40MHz bandwidth is the primary 20MHz bandwidth. The first device can select the middle 13 subcarriers corresponding to the primary 20MHz for subcarrier mapping. When the bit is 1, the values ​​of the 13 selected subcarriers in the primary 20MHz can be {1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,1,-1,-1,1,-1}. When the bit is 0, the values ​​of the 13 selected subcarriers in the primary 20MHz can all be 0. In this case, regardless of whether the bit is 1 or 0, the value of the unselected subcarriers (i.e. the remaining 115 subcarriers) in the subcarriers corresponding to 40MHz is 0.

[0129] The mapping relationship between data with bits set to 1 and subcarriers in the aforementioned data source is merely an illustrative example of this application and should not be construed as limiting the application. When performing subcarrier mapping on the data source, the first device may also perform subcarrier mapping based on other mapping relationships.

[0130] For example, instead of keeping only the middle 13 subcarriers out of the 64 subcarriers and leaving the rest empty, the first device can also keep 13 consecutive subcarriers with other sequence numbers out of the 64 subcarriers (such as the first 13 subcarriers out of the 64 subcarriers) and assign values ​​to these 13 subcarriers according to whether the bit of the data source is 1 or 0.

[0131] For example, the values ​​assigned to the 13 subcarriers when the bit is 1 are not limited to {1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,1,-1,-1,1,-1}, but can be other values. The first device can select the values ​​assigned to the 13 subcarriers when the bit is 1 based on the following principles: the time-domain energy envelope should be as close to a square wave as possible, and the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) should be as low as possible. This allows data with bits of 1 in the data source to be converted into signals with square wave waveforms, and data with bits of 0 in the data source to be converted into signals with zero energy waveforms. That is, the signal from the data source after subcarrier mapping conforms to OOK modulation.

[0132] Not limited to a narrow bandwidth of 4MHz (i.e., reserving 13 consecutive subcarriers), the first device can also reserve more or fewer subcarriers out of the 64 subcarriers for assignment during subcarrier mapping. For example, if the first device reserves fewer than 13 subcarriers, the channel bandwidth of the generated WUR frame may be less than 4MHz. If the first device reserves more than 13 subcarriers, the channel bandwidth of the generated WUR frame may be greater than 4MHz.

[0133] The first device can perform subcarrier mapping on the data source via software. The mapped subcarriers carry the data corresponding to the data source of the WUR load. That is, the mapped subcarriers can be equivalent to the modulated signal of the WUR load. From the mapping relationship between the data with bits of 1 and the subcarriers, and the mapping relationship between the data with bits of 0 and the subcarriers, it can be seen that when the bit is 1, all subcarriers except subcarrier 0 are not 0; when the bit is 0, all 13 reserved subcarriers are 0. Therefore, the mapped subcarriers conform to OOK modulation.

[0134] It should be noted that if the OFDM transmitter follows the 802.11ax Wi-Fi protocol, then the number of subcarriers corresponding to a 20MHz channel bandwidth is 64*4, or 256, and the number of subcarriers corresponding to a 4MHz channel bandwidth is 13*4, or 52. Therefore, under 802.11ax, when the first device performs subcarrier mapping, it can select 52 subcarriers from the 256 subcarriers to map the data with bits 1 or 0 in the data source, leaving the remaining subcarriers unused. Specifically, the mapping relationship between the data with bits 0 in the data source and the selected 52 subcarriers can be: all 52 subcarriers are left unused. The mapping relationship between the data with bits 1 in the data source and the selected 52 subcarriers can be: assigning values ​​to the 52 subcarriers according to a preset sequence. After subcarrier mapping, the channel bandwidth of the signal is 4MHz. The aforementioned preset sequence values ​​can be set based on the following principles: the time-domain energy envelope should be as close as possible to a square wave, and the peak-to-average power ratio should be as low as possible. This allows data with bits set to 1 in the data source to be converted into a signal with a square wave waveform, and data with bits set to 0 in the data source to be converted into a signal with a zero-energy waveform. That is, the signal from the data source after subcarrier mapping conforms to OOK modulation. This application does not limit the specific content of the aforementioned preset sequence values ​​in its embodiments.

[0135] Similarly, under 802.11ax, the number of subcarriers corresponding to a 40MHz channel bandwidth is 256*2, or 512. When the first device performs subcarrier mapping, it can select 52 subcarriers from the 512 subcarriers to map the data with bits of 1 or 0 in the data source, and leave the remaining subcarriers unused.

[0136] The first device can perform PSK demodulation on the mapped subcarriers via software. PSK demodulation is the inverse process of PSK modulation. Specifically, if the OFDM transmitter is configured to modulate the signal according to MCS0, the first device can demodulate the signal according to MCS0. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the above-described PSK modulation. PSK demodulation belongs to subcarrier demodulation. PSK modulation belongs to subcarrier modulation. Not limited to PSK demodulation and PSK modulation, the first device can also perform subcarrier demodulation and subcarrier modulation in other ways.

[0137] The first device can perform channel decoding on the PSK demodulated signal using software. This channel decoding can be BCC decoding or LDPC decoding, among other methods. Taking BCC decoding as an example, BCC decoding is the reverse process of BCC encoding. If the OFDM transmitter is configured to perform channel encoding using BCC encoding, then the first device can decode the signal using BCC decoding. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the above-mentioned BCC decoding.

[0138] The first device can descramble the signal after BCC decoding using software. Descrambling is the reverse process of scrambling. Scrambling disrupts the signal (i.e., shuffles the order of bits in the signal) without adding extra data, changing the statistical characteristics of the digital signal, reducing inter-symbol interference and jitter, and facilitating clock extraction at the receiver. The first device first descrambles the WUR load using software so that a signal conforming to OOK modulation can be obtained after subsequent scrambling of the WUR load by the OFDM transmitter.

[0139] Furthermore, the first device can add a physical frame header to the front end of the descrambled WUR load. The specific content of this physical frame header can be determined according to the Wi-Fi protocol followed by the OFDM transmitter. For example, if the Wi-Fi protocol followed by the OFDM transmitter is 802.11n, then the physical frame header added by the first device to the front end of the WUR load can be the physical frame header specified by 802.11n. The physical frame headers of different Wi-Fi protocols will be described in detail in subsequent embodiments. They will not be elaborated here.

[0140] The first device can use an OFDM transmitter to sequentially scramble, BCC encode, PSK modulate, insert pilots, perform IFFT, and add GI to the signal with the above physical frame header.

[0141] Inserting pilots can be used for channel estimation and synchronization. Pilots are data known to both communicating parties. Because the received symbols have a certain deviation, and this deviation accumulates over time, it causes a phase shift in the subcarrier. Inserting pilots into the signal provides a phase reference, enabling the receiver to perform channel estimation and synchronization.

[0142] IFFT can be used to convert the frequency domain representation of a signal into the time domain representation, and can be used to generate OFDM signals.

[0143] Adding a GI (Gross Interchange Registry) can be used to copy a portion of the signal from the tail of a time-domain signal and place it at the head of the time-domain signal. For example, an OFDM symbol may include a GI portion and a data portion. The duration of the data portion of an OFDM symbol is 3.2 microseconds (µs). The duration of a normal GI can be 0.8 µs. That is, a normal GI can be a 0.8 µs portion from the tail of an OFDM symbol. Adding a GI can copy the 0.8 µs portion from the tail of an OFDM symbol and place it at the head of that OFDM symbol. Therefore, the duration of an OFDM symbol is 4 µs. In the case of a 20 MHz channel bandwidth, the waveform of the data portion of an OFDM symbol can be considered as the superposition of the waveforms of 64 subcarriers.

[0144] One bit of data in the data source is processed Figure 6 After a series of processes, including subcarrier mapping, an OFDM symbol can be formed. Since 13 of the 64 subcarriers are retained during subcarrier mapping, while the other subcarriers are left unused, the waveform of the OFDM symbol corresponding to data with a bit value of 1 can be considered as the superposition of the waveforms of the aforementioned 13 retained subcarriers.

[0145] After software processing (including subcarrier mapping, PSK demodulation, BCC decoding, and descrambling), the data source, after further processing by the OFDM transmitter, converts data with bits of 1 into a square energy waveform of 4µs duration, and data with bits of 0 into a zero-energy waveform of 4µs duration. Thus, when the receiver receives the signal from the data source, it can use OOK demodulation to determine the data with bits of 1 based on the energy waveform and the data with bits of 0 based on the zero-energy waveform.

[0146] In some embodiments, the first device can perform analog and radio frequency (RF) processing on the GI-added data. Analog processing can be used to convert the digital baseband signal into an analog signal. RF processing can be used to modulate the analog signal to a suitable operating frequency band at an appropriate power, forming an RF signal. Figure 6 The signal processing performed by the OFDM transmitter shown (including scrambling, BCC encoding, PSK modulation, pilot insertion, IFFT, and GI addition) can be classified as baseband modulation processing. After baseband modulation processing, the first device can obtain the digital baseband signal of the WUR frame. Then, the OFDM transmitter can perform analog and radio frequency processing on the digital baseband signal of the WUR frame to obtain the radio frequency signal of the WUR frame, and send the radio frequency signal of the WUR frame to the antenna for transmission.

[0147] In some embodiments, the first device may be equipped with the following software programs: software programs for generating data sources according to the 802.11ba protocol, software programs for subcarrier mapping, software programs for PSK demodulation, software programs for channel decoding (such as BCC decoding or LDPC decoding), and software programs for descrambling. When the Wi-Fi transmitter in the first device is a conventional transmitter, the first device can acquire and install the above software programs through software version upgrades. When it is necessary to send WUR frames, the first device can obtain the software-processed data source through the above software programs, and then use an OFDM transmitter to process the software-processed data source. Based on the software-processed data source, the OFDM transmitter can generate a signal that is transmitted over a narrowband (such as a 4MHz channel bandwidth) and conforms to OOK modulation.

[0148] From the above Figure 6 As shown in the method, the first device can perform corresponding software processing on the data source to be transmitted before using an OFDM transmitter to send the signal. The software processing generates narrowband subcarriers conforming to OOK modulation and cancels out the influence of OFDM modulation on the subcarriers in the OFDM transmitter, thus enabling the OFDM transmitter to transmit narrowband signals conforming to OOK modulation. In this way, even if the OFDM transmitter lacks the hardware to implement narrowband OOK modulation, it can still transmit narrowband WUR frames conforming to OOK modulation. Therefore, the first device can send WUR frames without adjusting the hardware of a traditional transmitter, only requiring a software upgrade, thereby reducing the receiving power consumption of the second device equipped with a WUR module.

[0149] The following sections introduce several transmitters that follow different Wi-Fi protocols. Figure 6 The frame structure of the WUR frame generated by the method shown.

[0150] 1. WUR frames based on 802.11a / g.

[0151] Please refer to Figure 7A , Figure 7A An exemplary frame structure of a WUR frame based on 802.11a / g provided in this application is shown.

[0152] like Figure 7AAs shown, a WUR frame may include an 802.11a / g physical frame header, a WUR-Sync field, and a WUR-Data field. The 802.11a / g physical frame header may include L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG. The 802.11a / g physical frame header can be determined according to the specifications in the 802.11a / g protocol. The duration of L-STF is 8µs. The duration of L-LTF is 8µs. The duration of L-SIG is 4µs. The WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields can be referred to the aforementioned... Figure 4 The introduction is omitted here.

[0153] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that if the transmitter in the first device follows 802.11a / g, then the physical frame header added by the first device to the front end of the data source after software processing can be an 802.11a / g physical frame header. The 802.11a / g physical frame header in the WUR frame, after processing by the OFDM transmitter, can be converted into a wideband (e.g., 20MHz channel bandwidth) OFDM waveform. The WUR payload (i.e., the WUR-Sync field and the WUR-Data field) in the WUR frame is first processed... Figure 6 After being processed by the software, the signal is then passed to the OFDM transmitter for further processing. Therefore, the WUR load can be converted into a narrowband (e.g., 4MHz channel bandwidth) OOK waveform.

[0154] 2. WUR frames based on 802.11n.

[0155] Please refer to Figure 7B , Figure 7B An exemplary frame structure of a WUR frame based on 802.11n provided in this application is shown.

[0156] like Figure 7B As shown, a WUR frame may include an 802.11n physical frame header, a WUR-Sync field, and a WUR-Data field. The 802.11n physical frame header may include L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, a high-throughput signal field (HT-SIG), a high-throughput short training field (HT-STF), and a high-throughput long training field (HT-LTF). The 802.11n physical frame header can be determined according to the specifications in the 802.11n protocol. The duration of HT-SIG is 8µs. The duration of HT-STF is 4µs. The duration of HT-LTF is 4µs. The WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields can be referenced above. Figure 4 Introduction.

[0157] If the transmitter in the first device conforms to 802.11n, then the physical frame header added by the first device to the front end of the data source after software processing can be an 802.11n physical frame header. The 802.11n physical frame header in the WUR frame, after being processed by the OFDM transmitter, can be converted into a wideband (e.g., 20MHz channel bandwidth) OFDM waveform. The WUR payload can be converted into a narrowband (e.g., 4MHz channel bandwidth) OOK waveform.

[0158] 3. WUR frames based on 802.11ac.

[0159] Please refer to Figure 7C , Figure 7C An exemplary frame structure of a WUR frame based on 802.11ac provided in this application is shown.

[0160] like Figure 7C As shown, a WUR frame may include an 802.11ac physical frame header, a WUR-Sync field, and a WUR-Data field. The 802.11ac physical frame header may include L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, a very high throughout signal A field (VHT-SIG-A), a very high throughout short training field (VHT-STF), a very high throughout long training field (VHT-LTF), and a very high throughout signal B field (VHT-SIG-B). The 802.11ac physical frame header can be determined according to the specifications in the 802.11ac protocol. The duration of VHT-SIG-A is 8µs. The duration of VHT-STF is 4µs. The duration of VHT-LTF is 4µs. The duration of VHT-SIG-B is 4µs. The WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields can be referenced above. Figure 4 Introduction.

[0161] If the transmitter in the first device conforms to 802.11ac, then the physical frame header added by the first device to the front end of the data source after software processing can be an 802.11ac physical frame header. The 802.11ac physical frame header in the WUR frame, after being processed by the OFDM transmitter, can be converted into a wideband (e.g., 20MHz channel bandwidth) OFDM waveform. The WUR payload can be converted into a narrowband (e.g., 4MHz channel bandwidth) OOK waveform.

[0162] 4. WUR frames based on 802.11ax-SU.

[0163] Please refer to Figure 7D , Figure 7D An exemplary embodiment is shown of a WUR frame structure based on 802.11ax-single-user (SU) provided in this application.

[0164] like Figure 7D As shown, a WUR frame may include an 802.11ax-SU physical frame header, a WUR-Sync field, and a WUR-Data field. The 802.11ax-SU physical frame header may include L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, a repeat legacy signal field (RL-SIG), a high efficiency signal A field (HE-SIG-A), a high efficiency short training field (HE-STF), and a high efficiency long training field (HE-LTF). The 802.11ax-SU physical frame header can be determined according to the specifications in the 802.11ax-SU protocol. The duration of RL-SIG is 4µs. The duration of HE-SIG-A is 8µs. The duration of HE-STF is 4µs. The duration of HE-LTF is 4µs. The WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields can be referenced above. Figure 4 Introduction.

[0165] If the transmitter in the first device conforms to 802.11ax-SU, then the physical frame header added by the first device to the front end of the data source after software processing can be an 802.11ax-SU physical frame header. The 802.11ax-SU physical frame header in the WUR frame, after being processed by the OFDM transmitter, can be converted into a wideband (e.g., 20MHz channel bandwidth) OFDM waveform. The WUR payload can be converted into a narrowband (e.g., 4MHz channel bandwidth) OOK waveform.

[0166] 5. WUR frames based on 802.11ax-TB.

[0167] Please refer to Figure 7E , Figure 7E An exemplary embodiment is shown of a frame structure for a trigger-based (TB) WUR frame provided in this application.

[0168] like Figure 7E As shown, a WUR frame may include an 802.11ax-TB physical frame header, a WUR-Sync field, and a WUR-Data field. The 802.11ax-TB physical frame header may include L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, HE-SIG-A, HE-STF, and HE-LTF. The 802.11ax-TB physical frame header can be determined according to the specifications in the 802.11ax-TB protocol. Unlike the 802.11ax-SU physical frame header, the HE-STF duration in the 802.11ax-TB physical frame header is 8µs. The WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields can be referenced above. Figure 4 Introduction.

[0169] If the transmitter in the first device conforms to 802.11ax-TB, then the physical frame header added by the first device to the front end of the data source after software processing can be an 802.11ax-TB physical frame header. The 802.11ax-TB physical frame header in the WUR frame, after being processed by the OFDM transmitter, can be converted into a wideband (e.g., 20MHz channel bandwidth) OFDM waveform. The WUR payload can be converted into a narrowband (e.g., 4MHz channel bandwidth) OOK waveform.

[0170] 6. WUR frames based on 802.11ax-ER.

[0171] Please refer to Figure 7F , Figure 7F An exemplary embodiment is shown of a WUR frame based on 802.11ax-extended range (ER) provided in this application.

[0172] like Figure 7FAs shown, a WUR frame may include an 802.11ax-ER physical frame header, a WUR-Sync field, and a WUR-Data field. The 802.11ax-ER physical frame header may include L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, HE-SIG-A, HE-STF, and HE-LTF. The 802.11ax-ER physical frame header can be determined according to the specifications in the 802.11ax-ER protocol. Unlike the 802.11ax-SU physical frame header, the HE-SIG-A field in the 802.11ax-ER physical frame header has a duration of 16µs. The WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields can be referenced above. Figure 4 Introduction.

[0173] If the transmitter in the first device conforms to 802.11ax-ER, then the physical frame header added by the first device to the front end of the data source after software processing can be an 802.11ax-ER physical frame header. The 802.11ax-ER physical frame header in the WUR frame, after being processed by the OFDM transmitter, can be converted into a wideband (e.g., 20MHz channel bandwidth) OFDM waveform. The WUR payload can be converted into a narrowband (e.g., 4MHz channel bandwidth) OOK waveform.

[0174] 7. WUR frames based on 802.11ax-MU.

[0175] Please refer to Figure 7G , Figure 7G An exemplary embodiment is shown of a WUR frame structure based on 802.11ax-multi-user (MU) provided in this application.

[0176] like Figure 7G As shown, a WUR frame may include an 802.11ax-MU physical frame header, a WUR-Sync field, and a WUR-Data field. The 802.11ax-MU physical frame header may include L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, HE-SIG-A, HE-SIG-B, HE-STF, and HE-LTF. The 802.11ax-MU physical frame header can be determined according to the specifications in the 802.11ax-MU protocol. Compared to the 802.11ax-SU physical frame header, the 802.11ax-MU physical frame header also includes HE-SIG-B, and the duration of HE-SIG-B is 4µs. The WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields can be referred to the aforementioned... Figure 4 Introduction.

[0177] If the transmitter in the first device conforms to 802.11ax-MU, then the physical frame header added by the first device to the front end of the data source after software processing can be an 802.11ax-MU physical frame header. The 802.11ax-MU physical frame header in the WUR frame, after being processed by the OFDM transmitter, can be converted into a wideband (e.g., 20MHz channel bandwidth) OFDM waveform. The WUR payload can be converted into a narrowband (e.g., 4MHz channel bandwidth) OOK waveform.

[0178] The physical frame headers of 802.11a / g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax-SU, 802.11ax-TB, 802.11ax-ER, and 802.11ax-MU mentioned above are all physical frame headers of the traditional 802.11 Wi-Fi protocol.

[0179] contrast Figures 7A to 7G And the aforementioned Figure 4 As can be seen from the frame structure shown, based on this application Figure 6 The WUR frame generated by the method shown does not contain the BPSK-Mark field. The physical frame header of the WUR frame is compatible with the physical frame header of the traditional 802.11 Wi-Fi protocol. The WUR payload of the WUR frame can conform to the 802.11ba protocol.

[0180] Not limited to Figures 7A to 7G The physical frame header of the WUR frame shown is consistent with the physical frame headers specified by other conventional 802.11 Wi-Fi protocols when the transmitter in the first device follows other conventional 802.11 Wi-Fi protocols. For example, if the transmitter in the first device follows the 802.11be protocol, the physical frame header of the WUR frame can be an 802.11be physical frame header. The 802.11be physical frame header can be determined according to the specifications in the 802.11be protocol.

[0181] From the above Figures 7A to 7GAs shown in the WUR frame diagram, the physical frame header of the WUR frame is a wideband OFDM waveform signal, while the WUR-Sync and WUR-Data fields are narrowband OOK waveform signals. The WUR module of the second device is used to receive the narrowband OOK signal. Therefore, the physical frame header of the WUR frame cannot trigger the WUR module to generate a wake-up signal to wake up the main Wi-Fi communication module. After receiving and recognizing the WUR-Sync field, the WUR module can further identify the WUR-ID in the WUR-Data field. When it is determined from the WUR-ID that the WUR frame was sent to this device, the WUR module can send a wake-up signal to the main Wi-Fi communication module to wake it up.

[0182] In some embodiments, when the data source of the WUR load is determined according to the 802.11ba protocol, the first device can perform subcarrier mapping on the data source via software to generate narrowband subcarriers conforming to frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulation. FSK modulation represents binary 1 and 0 by the presence or absence of signal energy. FSK can represent binary 1 and 0 by the frequency of the signal. For example, in FSK-modulated subcarriers, a subcarrier with a higher frequency can represent binary 1, and a subcarrier with a lower frequency can represent binary 0.

[0183] Then, the first device can perform OFDM inversion on the mapped subcarriers via software. OFDM inversion can include the aforementioned... Figure 6 The diagram illustrates PSK demodulation, BCC decoding, and descrambling. The first device can add a physical frame header to the data front-end after the reverse operation and use an OFDM transmitter to perform OFDM modulation on the data with the added physical frame header. OFDM modulation can include forward operations opposite to the reverse operation described above: scrambling, encoding, and modulation. In this way, the first device can use an OFDM transmitter to generate narrowband WUR frames that conform to FSK modulation.

[0184] In other words, not limited to OOK modulated WUR frames, OFDM transmitters can also transmit narrowband WUR frames that conform to FSK modulation.

[0185] In some embodiments, electronic devices without a WUR module may also receive WUR frames transmitted over the air interface. However, WUR frames are useless frames for these electronic devices without a WUR module. Even if they receive WUR frames, these electronic devices without a WUR module will often discard them. Therefore, receiving WUR frames by electronic devices without a WUR module leads to wasted power, increased standby power consumption, and reduced standby time.

[0186] The receiver used to receive Wi-Fi signals in the aforementioned electronic devices that do not have a WUR module can be called a non-WUR receiver. These non-WUR receivers can receive and recognize traditional 802.11 frame Wi-Fi signals.

[0187] This application provides a WUR data transmission method. By adding a WUR indicator bit to the physical frame header of a WUR frame, a non-WUR receiver can determine that the received signal is a WUR frame upon receiving the physical frame header. Once the received signal is determined to be a WUR frame, the non-WUR receiver can stop receiving that WUR frame. In this way, the non-WUR receiver can terminate the reception of WUR frames early without having to discard the WUR frame after it has been fully received. This method can save power consumption for non-WUR receivers and improve the standby time of electronic devices without a WUR module.

[0188] In some embodiments, the physical frame header of a WUR frame includes L-SIG. The fourth bit in L-SIG is a reserved bit. The first device may use the fifth bit of L-SIG as a WUR indicator bit.

[0189] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 An exemplary structural diagram of L-SIG is shown.

[0190] As can be seen, L-SIG comprises 24 bits. B0 to B23 represent the 1st to 24th bits of L-SIG, respectively. L-SIG includes fields such as the Rate field, the WUR indicator bit, and the Length field. The Rate field occupies 4 bits (B0-B3). The Rate field is used to indicate the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of the data. The Length field occupies 12 bits (B5-B16). The Length field is used to indicate the number of bytes in the MAC portion of the Wi-Fi signal. The WUR indicator bit occupies one bit (B4). The WUR indicator bit is used to indicate whether the current Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame. A WUR indicator bit of 1 indicates that the current Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame. A WUR indicator bit of 0 indicates that the current Wi-Fi signal is not a WUR frame.

[0191] In other words, when a WUR frame needs to be sent, the first device can set the WUR indicator in L-SIG to 1. When other types of Wi-Fi signals besides WUR frames need to be sent, the first device can set the WUR indicator in L-SIG to 0.

[0192] In some embodiments, if the registers in the first device support modification of the WUR indicator bit in the L-SIG, the first device can configure the registers of the Wi-Fi transmitter in software and set the value of the WUR indicator bit through the registers. Specifically, the processor of the first device can send configuration parameters to the OFDM transmitter when transmitting Wi-Fi signals. These configuration parameters can include the value of the WUR indicator bit. Specifically, when the Wi-Fi signal to be transmitted is a WUR frame, the WUR indicator bit value in the configuration parameters sent by the processor of the first device to the OFDM transmitter can be 1. The OFDM transmitter can store these configuration parameters in a register. The OFDM transmitter can generate the corresponding physical frame header based on the Wi-Fi protocol it follows and set the WUR indicator bit value in the physical frame header to 1 through the configuration parameters in the register. Similarly, when the Wi-Fi signal to be transmitted is a non-WUR frame, the WUR indicator bit value in the configuration parameters sent by the processor of the first device to the OFDM transmitter can be 0. The OFDM transmitter can store these configuration parameters in a register. An OFDM transmitter can generate a corresponding physical frame header based on the Wi-Fi protocol it follows, and set the WUR indicator bit in the physical frame header to 0 using configuration parameters in a register. Then, the OFDM transmitter can add the physical frame header with the WUR indicator bit set to the aforementioned... Figure 6 The image shows the descrambled WUR load front end.

[0193] The above embodiments can add a WUR indicator bit to the physical frame header without modifying the chip logic of the Wi-Fi transmitter in the first device. That is, the above embodiments do not require re-chip fabrication or modification of the hardware of the Wi-Fi transmitter in the first device.

[0194] In some embodiments, setting the value of the WUR indicator bit can also be achieved by modifying the hardware of the Wi-Fi transmitter in the first device. The modified Wi-Fi transmitter can support setting the WUR indicator bit to 1.

[0195] The embodiments of this application do not limit the implementation method of setting the value of the WUR indicator bit as described above.

[0196] In some embodiments, the hardware of a non-WUR receiver can be adaptively adjusted to identify whether a Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame via the aforementioned WUR indicator bit. This application does not limit the adjustment method of the aforementioned non-WUR receiver hardware.

[0197] Figure 9 An exemplary software architecture block diagram of the first device is shown.

[0198] like Figure 9As shown, the first device includes a WUR data source determination module 911, a subcarrier mapping module 912, an OFDM reverse operation module 913, and a main Wi-Fi module 914.

[0199] The WUR data source determination module 911 can be used to determine the data source of WUR according to the 802.11ba protocol. The data source may include the binary sequence values ​​of the WUR-Sync field and the WUR-Data field.

[0200] The subcarrier mapping module 912 can be used to perform subcarrier mapping on the data source. For example, the subcarrier mapping module 912 can map the data source to a narrowband (such as a channel bandwidth of 4MHz, 2MHz, etc.) subcarrier conforming to OOK modulation. Alternatively, the subcarrier mapping module 912 can map the data source to a narrowband subcarrier conforming to FSK modulation. The subcarrier mapping module 912 can perform subcarrier mapping on the data source based on the channel bandwidth used by the OFDM transmitter for signal modulation (such as 20MHz, 40MHz, etc.), the narrowband bandwidth required for data source transmission (such as 4MHz, 2MHz, etc.), and the modulation scheme (such as OOK or FSK, etc.) that the WUR receiver can use to demodulate the data source.

[0201] For details on the subcarrier mapping process, please refer to the above. Figure 6 Introduction.

[0202] The OFDM reverse operation module 913 can be used to perform OFDM reverse operation on signals that have undergone subcarrier mapping. OFDM reverse operation may include demodulation, channel decoding, and descrambling. OFDM reverse operation can be referred to the foregoing. Figure 6 Introduction.

[0203] The main Wi-Fi module 914 can add a physical frame header to the signal front-end after the OFDM reverse operation described above. The physical frame header can be found in the previous description. Figures 7A to 7G The image shows the physical frame header of the traditional 802.11 Wi-Fi protocol.

[0204] The main Wi-Fi module 914 may include an OFDM transmitter. The OFDM transmitter can perform OFDM modulation on a signal with an added physical frame header. OFDM modulation may include forward operations, the opposite of the inverse OFDM operation described above: scrambling, channel coding, and modulation. OFDM modulation may also include the aforementioned... Figure 6 The insertion of pilot signals, IFFT, GI addition, etc. shown above can be referred to for details. Figure 6 The introduction states that the OFDM reverse operation described above can cancel the effect of OFDM modulation on the mapped subcarriers, making the signal transmitted by the OFDM transmitter a narrowband WUR frame that conforms to modulation methods such as OOK or FSK.

[0205] The main Wi-Fi module 914 can also refer to the aforementioned Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 911. In some embodiments, the main Wi-Fi module 914 may be integrated onto a separate Wi-Fi chip.

[0206] The data source determined by the WUR data source determination module 911 is processed sequentially by the subcarrier mapping module 912, the OFDM reverse operation module 913, and the main Wi-Fi module 914, and can be converted into a narrowband signal conforming to modulation methods such as OOK modulation or FSK modulation. Therefore, the first device can send WUR frames without adjusting the hardware of the traditional transmitter (i.e., without changing the hardware of the main Wi-Fi module 914), only by upgrading the software version, thereby reducing the receiving power consumption of the second device equipped with the WUR module.

[0207] The structure of an electronic device 100 provided in this application is described below. The structures of the first device and the second device involved in this application can be referred to electronic device 100.

[0208] Figure 10 An exemplary schematic diagram of the structure of electronic device 100 is shown.

[0209] like Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 100 may include: a processor 101, a memory 102, a wireless communication module 103, an antenna 105, and a power management module 106. Wherein:

[0210] Processor 101 may include one or more processing units, such as: application processor (AP), modem processor, graphics processing unit (GPU), image signal processor (ISP), controller, memory, video codec, digital signal processor (DSP), baseband processor, and / or neural network processing unit (NPU), etc. The different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0211] The controller can be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device 100. The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction opcode and timing signals to complete the control of instruction fetching and execution.

[0212] The processor 101 may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 101 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that the processor 101 has just used or that are used repeatedly. If the processor 101 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can directly retrieve it from the memory. This avoids repeated accesses, reduces the waiting time of the processor 101, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0213] In some embodiments, the processor 101 may include one or more interfaces. Interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.

[0214] It is understood that the interface connection relationships between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative and do not constitute a structural limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of this application, the electronic device 100 may also employ different interface connection methods or combinations of multiple interface connection methods as described in the above embodiments.

[0215] Memory 102 is coupled to processor 101 and is used to store various software programs and / or sets of instructions. In specific implementations, memory 102 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. Memory 102 may store an operating system, such as uCOS, VxWorks, RTLinux, or other embedded operating systems. Memory 102 may also store communication programs that can be used to communicate with electronic device 100 or other devices.

[0216] In some embodiments, the memory 102 may store software programs for generating a data source according to the 802.11ba protocol, software programs for performing subcarrier mapping, software programs for performing PSK demodulation, software programs for performing channel decoding (such as BCC decoding or LDPC decoding), and software programs for descrambling. The processor 101 can run the above software programs to generate a WUR data source that has undergone software processing (including subcarrier mapping and OFDM reverse operation). The processor 101 can then pass the software-processed WUR data source to the wireless communication module 103 for processing.

[0217] The wireless communication module 103 may include a main Wi-Fi communication module 104. The main Wi-Fi communication module 104 can provide a Wi-Fi wireless communication solution applied to the electronic device 100. The Wi-Fi protocol used in the main Wi-Fi communication module 104 may be IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be, etc.

[0218] In some embodiments, the main Wi-Fi communication module 104 can add a physical frame header to the front end of the WUR data source that has undergone software processing, and perform OFDM modulation. The software processing of the WUR data source can offset the influence of OFDM modulation on the signal. Therefore, the WUR payload in the WUR frame generated by the main Wi-Fi communication module 104 can be a narrowband signal conforming to modulation methods such as OOK modulation or FSK modulation. The main Wi-Fi communication module 104 can transmit the WUR frame through the antenna 105. The main Wi-Fi communication module 104 can refer to the foregoing... Figure 3 The 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 311 or 802.11 main Wi-Fi module 321 shown, or the aforementioned Figure 9 The main Wi-Fi module 914 is shown.

[0219] Possibly, the wireless communication module 103 may also include other communication modules to provide solutions for other wireless communications (e.g., Bluetooth (BT), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Frequency Modulation (FM), Near Field Communication (NFC), Infrared (IR)).

[0220] Possibly, the main Wi-Fi communication module 104 can be integrated with other communication modules (e.g., a Bluetooth communication module). The main Wi-Fi communication module 104 can listen to signals emitted by other devices, such as measurement signals, scan signals, etc., and can send response signals, such as measurement responses, scan responses, etc., so that other devices can discover the electronic device 100 and establish wireless communication connections with other devices through one or more of WLAN, Bluetooth, or other short-range wireless communication technologies for data transmission.

[0221] In some embodiments, one or more of the main Wi-Fi communication modules 104 may also transmit signals, such as broadcast detection signals or beacon signals, so that other devices can discover the electronic device 100 and establish wireless communication connections with other devices through WLAN or other short-range wireless communication technologies to transmit data.

[0222] Antenna 105 can be used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Antennas from different communication modules can be reused or used independently to improve antenna utilization.

[0223] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 is the second device in this application. The wireless communication module 103 of the electronic device 100 may further include a WUR module. The specific details of this WUR module can be found in the foregoing. Figure 3 The WUR module 322 is shown. Further details will not be provided here.

[0224] The power management module 106 can be used to control the power supply to the electronic device 100. This power supply can be a battery or an external power source.

[0225] In some embodiments, the hardware structure of the electronic device 100 may further include an audio module. Figure 10 (not shown in the image) and loudspeaker ( Figure 10 (Not shown in the image). The audio module is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signals for output, and also to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. The audio module can also be used for encoding and decoding audio signals. The loudspeaker, also called a "horn," is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.

[0226] In some embodiments, the hardware structure of the electronic device 100 may further include a microphone. Figure 10 (Not shown in the image). A microphone, also called a "voice transducer" or "microphone," is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a phone call or sending a voice message, the user can speak by bringing their mouth close to the microphone, inputting the sound signal into the microphone. Electronic device 100 may be equipped with at least one microphone.

[0227] In some embodiments, the hardware structure of the electronic device 100 may further include a display screen. Figure 10 (Not shown in the image). The display screen is used to display images, videos, etc. The display screen includes a display panel. The display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), a Mini LED, a MicroLED, a Micro-OLED, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc. In some embodiments, the terminal may include one or N displays, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0228] In some embodiments, the hardware structure of the electronic device 100 may further include one or more sensors. Figure 10 (Not shown in the image). The one or more sensors may include one or more of the following: pressure sensors, gyroscope sensors, barometric pressure sensors, magnetic sensors, accelerometers, distance sensors, proximity sensors, fingerprint sensors, temperature sensors, touch sensors, ambient light sensors, bone conduction sensors, etc.

[0229] It should be noted that, Figure 10 The electronic device 100 shown is merely one implementation of the embodiments of this application. In actual applications, the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components, which is not limited here.

[0230] It should be noted that, without causing contradictions or conflicts, any feature in any embodiment of this application, or any part of any feature, can be combined, and the combined technical solution is also within the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0231] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A WUR data transmission method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first device, the first device including a first Wi-Fi transmitter, the first Wi-Fi transmitter modulating the signal using a first modulation method and the channel bandwidth of the modulated signal being a first bandwidth, the method including: The first device determines the first data according to the 802.11ba protocol, and the first data is a field sequence of the WUR payload; The first device performs subcarrier mapping on the first data. The subcarrier obtained after the subcarrier mapping carries the first data, has a channel bandwidth of the second bandwidth, and conforms to the second modulation scheme. The second modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that the WUR receiver can demodulate, and the second bandwidth is less than the first bandwidth. The first device performs a first process on the subcarrier obtained through the subcarrier mapping to obtain second data, wherein the first process is the inverse of the second process included in the first modulation method; The first device adds a Wi-Fi signal physical frame header to the second data front end to obtain the third data; The first device uses the first Wi-Fi transmitter to modulate the third data according to the first modulation method, generates and transmits a WUR frame, wherein the WUR payload in the WUR frame conforms to the second modulation method, and the transmission channel bandwidth is the second bandwidth; wherein, the first processing includes subcarrier demodulation, channel decoding, and descrambling, and the second processing includes scrambling, channel coding, and subcarrier modulation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first bandwidth corresponds to k1 subcarriers, and the second bandwidth corresponds to k2 subcarriers, where k1 and k2 are both positive integers. The first device performs subcarrier mapping on the first data, specifically including: For the data in the first data where the bit is 1, the first device selects k2 consecutive subcarriers from the k1 subcarriers, assigns the k2 consecutive subcarriers a value according to the first sequence value, and assigns the remaining subcarriers in the k1 subcarriers a value of 0. For the data in the first data where the bit is 0, the first device assigns a value of 0 to all k1 subcarriers; Specifically, data with a bit value of 1 is converted into a signal with a square wave waveform through the subcarrier mapping, and data with a bit value of 0 is converted into a signal with a zero-energy waveform through the subcarrier mapping.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first Wi-Fi transmitter is an OFDM transmitter, the first modulation method is OFDM modulation, and the second modulation method is OOK modulation, or the second modulation method is FSK modulation.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The subcarrier demodulation is PSK demodulation, the channel decoding is BCC decoding or LDPC decoding, the channel coding is BCC coding or LDPC coding, and the subcarrier modulation is PSK modulation.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first Wi-Fi transmitter includes the following types: transmitters conforming to the 802.11a protocol, transmitters conforming to the 802.11g protocol, transmitters conforming to the 802.11n protocol, transmitters conforming to the 802.11ac protocol, transmitters conforming to the 802.11ax protocol, and transmitters conforming to the 802.11be protocol.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that complies with the 802.11a protocol or a transmitter that complies with the 802.11g protocol. The physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11a protocol or the 802.11g protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, and L-SIG field.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11n protocol, and the physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11n protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, L-SIG field, HT-SIG field, HT-STF field, and HT-LTF field.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11ac protocol, and the physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11n protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, L-SIG field, VHT-SIG-A field, VHT-STF field, VHT-LTF field, and VHT-SIG-B field.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11ax-SU protocol, or a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11ax-TB protocol, or a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11ax-ER protocol. The physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11ax-SU protocol, the 802.11ax-TB protocol, or the 802.11ax-ER protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, L-SIG field, RL-SIG field, HE-SIG-A field, HE-STF field, and HE-LTF field. Alternatively, the first Wi-Fi transmitter is a transmitter that conforms to the 802.11ax-MU protocol, and the physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal is the physical frame header specified by the 802.11ax-MU protocol, including: L-STF field, L-LTF field, L-SIG field, RL-SIG field, HE-SIG-A field, HE-SIG-B field, HE-STF field, and HE-LTF field.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first bandwidth is an integer multiple of 20MHz, and the second bandwidth is 4MHz.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: During the process of establishing a communication connection between the first device and the second device, the first device determines that the second device has a WUR receiver; The first device assigns a first WUR ID to the second device and sends the first WURID to the second device. The first WUR ID is used to identify the second device.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, In the presence of services from the second device, the WUR payload in the WUR frame contains the first WUR ID.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first device and the third device establish a communication connection, the third device does not have a WUR receiver, and the method further includes: When the service of the third device is detected, the first device finds that the third device does not have a WUR receiver. The first device indicates service information to the third device by broadcasting beacon frames.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The physical frame header of the Wi-Fi signal includes a WUR indicator bit, which is used to indicate whether the Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame. Specifically, a WUR indicator bit of 1 indicates that the Wi-Fi signal is a WUR frame, and a WUR indicator bit of 0 indicates that the Wi-Fi signal is not a WUR frame.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The Wi-Fi signal physical frame header includes an L-SIG field, and the WUR indicator bit is the 5th bit of the L-SIG field.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a communication device, a memory, and a processor, wherein the communication device is used to receive and transmit wireless signals, the memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to invoke the computer programs to cause the electronic device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-15.

17. A computationally readable storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on an electronic device, the electronic device performs the method of any one of claims 1-15.

18. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-15.

Images