A wolfberry and crab ecological breeding system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of Chinese wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and method, the system includes breeding greenhouse, shunt configuration chamber, paddy field;Multiple breeding racks are arranged in breeding greenhouse, multiple breeding cages are arranged on each breeding rack, multiple feeding troughs are arranged at the back side of each layer of breeding cage, multiple feeding mechanisms for feeding breeding cage are arranged at the bottom of each feeding trough, multiple feed mixing tanks are arranged at the top of breeding rack, belt weighing conveyor is arranged below each feed mixing tank, lifting movable mixing bin is arranged at the discharge end of belt weighing conveyor, auger conveyor for feeding each feeding trough is arranged at the bottom of mixing bin;Water collecting tank is arranged below each breeding rack;Breeding method includes feeding crabs in paddy field through first section of mixed feed, second section of mixed feed, third section of mixed feed for five months, then feeding crabs in greenhouse through fourth section of mixed feed until marketing, the quality of bred crabs is good, breeding wastewater can be recycled and purified, and the environment will not be polluted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crab ecological farming technology, and in particular to a wolfberry crab ecological farming system and method. Background Technology

[0002] The "rice-crab symbiosis" farming model is an innovative agricultural production method that organically combines rice cultivation with crab farming, achieving a virtuous cycle of "dual use of water and double harvest from one plot of land." This model not only improves land utilization and increases the diversity of agricultural products but also reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, effectively protecting water sources and the ecological environment, truly achieving a win-win situation for both ecological and economic benefits. In this promising field, the vivid scene of "rice raising crabs and crabs nurturing rice" is becoming a reality, injecting new vitality into rural revitalization.

[0003] Natural food in rice paddies is limited, necessitating artificial feeding. Insufficient or inappropriate feed supply can negatively impact the growth and quality of the crabs. Currently, the main feeds for rice paddy crabs include: Animal feed: including small marine and freshwater fish, animal carcasses, snails, clams, livestock and poultry blood, fishmeal, silkworm pupae, etc. Plant feed: such as aquatic plants, duckweed, water hyacinth, Vallisneria natans, and Hydrilla verticillata. Commercial feed: including sweet potatoes, potatoes, grains, bran, and feed chaff. Roughage: such as corn, soybeans, and soybean meal. When feeding, the principle of a balanced mix of "concentrated feed, green feed, and roughage" should be followed, with animal concentrates accounting for 40%, aquatic plants for 35%, and other plant feeds for 25%. Furthermore, the feeding method should adhere to the principles of "fixed time, fixed location, fixed quantity, and fixed quality" to ensure the healthy growth of the crabs.

[0004] However, in the current rice paddy crab farming process in northern rice paddies, the large temperature difference between day and night and the unstable temperature in the northern climate are not conducive to the growth of crabs. When the temperature is low, it is not good for the growth of crabs, resulting in less activity, a significant reduction in food intake, and slow growth. In addition, the existing crab farming feed is greatly affected by the ecological environment, and the distribution of food for crabs is not balanced, so the crabs cannot obtain enough nutrients in the rice paddies. Furthermore, the water quality is not changed in a timely manner during the farming process, which affects the growth quality of the crabs, and the discharged wastewater causes ecological pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a wolfberry crab ecological farming system and method, which solves the problems of slow development due to the large influence of the farming environment, uneven distribution of nutrients in feed, and easy environmental pollution caused by wastewater generated during the farming process in traditional northern crab farming.

[0006] This invention provides an ecological farming system for wolfberry and crab, including a farming shed, a distribution room, and a paddy field. The farming shed contains multiple farming racks, each rack housing multiple layers of farming cages. Each layer of cages has a feeding trough at its rear, and each feeding trough has multiple feeding mechanisms at its bottom for feeding the cages. Multiple feed mixing tanks are located at the top of the farming racks, and belt conveyors are installed below each mixing tank. The unloading end of the belt conveyors has a movable mixing hopper, and the bottom of the mixing hopper has an auger conveyor for feeding the various feeding troughs. A water storage tank is located in the distribution room. The paddy field is surrounded by a perimeter netting, and a ring ditch is constructed around the netting. A system with horizontal and vertical cross-flowing drainage is installed within the paddy field. A staggered grid pipe network is used; the grid pipe network is connected to the water storage tank through the first water pipe; the water storage tank is connected to the ring ditch of the paddy field through the second water pipe; a water collection trough is set under each breeding rack, and the water collection trough is connected to the water storage tank through the third water pipe; an insulation shell is set on the outside of the multi-layer breeding cages; a constant temperature humidifier is set on the breeding rack, and the constant temperature humidifier is connected to the air inlet of the insulation shell through the first air pipe, and the exhaust port of the insulation shell is connected to the constant temperature humidifier through the second air pipe; a fourth water pipe is set on one side of each breeding cage, and each layer of breeding cages is connected to the fourth water pipe through the fifth water pipe, and the fourth water pipe is connected to the water supply pipe; an overflow main pipe is set on one side of each breeding cage, and the overflow main pipe is connected to each layer of breeding cages through overflow branch pipes.

[0007] Furthermore, the breeding rack includes a base and a mounting plate vertically mounted on the base. Multiple breeding cages are installed on the front side wall of the mounting plate. The bottom rear end of each breeding cage is hinged to the mounting plate via multiple hinges. A hydraulic cylinder is installed on one side of each breeding cage. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to a first hinge seat on the side wall of the mounting plate, and the other end is hinged to a corresponding second hinge seat on the side wall of the breeding cage. Each breeding cage includes multiple unit cages. The bottom plate of each unit cage is set as a sloping surface with a higher front and lower back. A feeding port is set at the top of each unit cage, and a feeding hopper is set at the feeding port. A placement port is set at the front of each unit cage, and a grid door is set at the placement port. The upper end of the grid door is hinged to the top plate of the unit cage.

[0008] Furthermore, each feeding mechanism includes a feeding pipe, a conveying shaft, and a spiral blade. The feeding pipe is horizontally set at the bottom of the feeding trough. One end of the feeding pipe is connected to the discharge hole corresponding to the bottom of the feeding trough, and the other end extends horizontally through the mounting plate to the top of the feeding hopper. The conveying shaft is rotatably set inside the feeding pipe, and the spiral blade is set on the conveying shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, a positioning plate is provided on the rear side of the feeding trough. The two ends of the positioning plate are fixedly connected to the feeding trough by two fixing rods. Each conveying shaft is rotatably connected to the corresponding shaft seat on the positioning plate. Each conveying shaft is equipped with a gear, and two adjacent gears can mesh with each other for transmission. A first motor for driving one of the conveying shafts to rotate is provided on the positioning plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the belt weighing conveyor frame is supported by multiple first weighing sensors installed on the top of the upper feeding trough.

[0011] Furthermore, the constant temperature humidifier includes a water tank, a spray pipe, and an atomizing nozzle. The spray pipe 42 is installed on the top side wall of the water tank, the atomizing nozzle is installed at the bottom of the spray pipe, and the heater is installed at the bottom of the water tank.

[0012] Furthermore, a vertical guide rail is provided on the front side wall of the mounting plate, and a slider is mounted on the guide rail. A mounting frame is mounted on the slider, and a mixing hopper is mounted on the mounting frame. The mixing hopper is supported on the mounting frame by multiple second weighing sensors. A spiral mixing mechanism is installed inside the mixing hopper. A lead screw is installed on one side of the guide rail. The upper and lower ends of the lead screw are rotatably supported by two shaft supports fixedly connected to the mounting plate. A lead screw nut is installed on the lead screw and is fixedly connected to the slider. A second motor for driving the lead screw to rotate is installed on the mounting plate.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for ecological farming of wolfberry crabs, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the crab juveniles in the rice paddy and feed them with the first stage of formulated feed for one month; in: The first stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 20 parts fish bone meal, 20 parts peeled corn, 20 parts goji berries, 18 parts pumpkin, 18 parts puffed corn, 20 parts soybean meal, 10 parts wheat bran, 10 parts rice bran, 10 parts brown sugar, 2 parts allicin, 2 parts salt, 2 parts multivitamin calcium, 2 parts cod liver oil, 3 parts mycotoxin binder, 3 parts glucose, 3 parts fermentation agent. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 12,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 2,500 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. S2. Continue to feed the crabs in the rice paddies for another month using the second stage of formulated feed; in: The second stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: Fish bone meal 25 parts, peeled corn 25 parts, goji berries 25 parts, pumpkin 20 parts, puffed corn 20 parts, soybean meal 25 parts, wheat bran 15 parts, rice bran 15 parts, brown sugar 15 parts, salt 4 parts, multivitamin calcium 4 parts, cod liver oil 4 parts, mycotoxin binder 6 parts, glucose 6 parts, fermentation agent 6 parts. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 13,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 2,800 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. S3. Continue to feed the crabs in the rice paddies for three more months using the third stage of compound feed; in, The third stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 50 parts fish bone meal, 50 parts peeled corn, 30 parts goji berries, 25 parts pumpkin, 25 parts puffed corn, 30 parts soybean meal, 20 parts wheat bran, 20 parts rice bran, 20 parts brown sugar, 6 parts salt, 6 parts multivitamin calcium, 6 parts cod liver oil, 8 parts mycotoxin binder, 8 parts glucose, 8 parts fermentation agent. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 15,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 3,000 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. S4. The crabs raised in the paddy fields are harvested and transferred to the breeding shed. Each crab is placed in a unit cage and fed with the fourth stage of compound feed until it is ready for market. in, The fourth stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 50 parts fish bone meal, 50 parts peeled corn, 35 parts goji berries, 30 parts pumpkin, 30 parts puffed corn, 35 parts soybean meal, 25 parts wheat bran, 25 parts rice bran, 25 parts brown sugar, 8 parts salt, 8 parts multivitamin calcium, 8 parts cod liver oil, 10 parts mycotoxin binder, 10 parts glucose, 10 parts fermenting agent. The feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 15,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 3,000 IU of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed.

[0014] In step S1, the release density of crab juveniles in the paddy field is 600-1000 crabs per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares).

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention provides a wolfberry and crab ecological farming system and farming method.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention, based on the growth stages and feeding needs of crabs, feeds crabs in rice paddies for five months using a first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage formulated feed. The crabs are then transferred to greenhouses and fed a fourth-stage formulated feed until they are ready for market. The wastewater from the aquaculture process can be recycled and purified, preventing environmental pollution. By rationally combining the feed, a nutritional balance is ensured, increasing the nutritional value of the crabs and resulting in high-quality crabs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the implementation examples will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wolfberry and crab ecological farming system and method proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the breeding rack for a wolfberry and crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the breeding rack structure of a wolfberry and crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a constant temperature humidifier for a wolfberry and crab ecological farming system and farming method proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the breeding rack for a wolfberry and crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a side view of the breeding rack structure of a wolfberry and crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breeding rack in the wolfberry and crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the breeding rack in the wolfberry and crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed in this invention.

[0019] In the picture: 1-Breeding shed; 11-Breeding rack; 12-Breeding cage; 13-Feeding trough; 14-Feeding mechanism; 15-Feed mixing tank; 16-Belt weighing conveyor; 17-Mixing bin; 18-Screw conveyor; 19-Insulated shell; 2-Diversion configuration room; 21-Water storage tank; 3-Paddy field; 31-Enclosure net; 32-Ring ditch; 33-Grid pipe network; 4-Constant temperature humidifier; 41-Water tank; 42-Spray pipe; 43-Atomizing nozzle; 44-Heater; 5-Guide rail; 51-Slider; 52-Mounting bracket; 53-Second load cell; 55-Lead screw; 56-Lead screw nut; 57-Second motor; 101-First water pipe; 102-Second water pipe; 103-Third water pipe; 104-Fourth water pipe; 105-Water supply pipe; 106-Overflow main pipe; 107-Overflow branch pipe; 110 - Water collection tank; 111-Base; 112-Mounting plate; 113-Hydraulic cylinder; 121-Unit cage; 122-Feeding hopper; 123-Grate gate; 141-Feeding pipe; 142-Conveying shaft; 143-Helical blade; 144-Positioning plate; 145-Gear; 146-First motor; 161-First weighing sensor; 201 - First trachea; 202 - Second trachea. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1: See Figure 1-8A goji berry and crab ecological farming system includes a farming shed 1, a distribution room 2, and a paddy field 3. Multiple farming racks 11 are installed inside the farming shed 1. Each farming rack 11 has multiple layers of farming cages 12. A feeding trough 13 is installed at the rear of each layer of farming cages 12. Multiple feeding mechanisms 14 for feeding the farming cages 12 are installed at the bottom of each feeding trough 13. Multiple feed mixing tanks 15 are installed at the top of the farming racks 11. A belt conveyor 16 is installed below each feed mixing tank 15. The unloading end of the belt conveyor 16 is equipped with… A movable mixing silo 17 is provided, with an auger conveyor 18 at the bottom for feeding each feeding trough 13. A water storage tank 21 is installed inside the distribution room 2. A perimeter fence 31 is installed around the paddy field 3, and a ring ditch 32 is installed around the fence 31. A grid network 33, arranged horizontally and vertically, is installed inside the paddy field 3. The grid network 33 is connected to the water storage tank 21 via a first water pipe 101. The water storage tank 21 is connected to the ring ditch 32 of the paddy field 3 via a second water pipe 102. A water collection trough 11 is installed below each breeding rack 11. 0. The water collection trough 110 is connected to the water storage tank 21 via a third water pipe 103; the multi-layer breeding cage 12 is equipped with an insulation shell 19; a constant temperature humidifier 4 is installed on the breeding rack 11, and the constant temperature humidifier 4 is connected to the air inlet of the insulation shell 19 via a first air pipe 201. The first air pipe 201 draws air from the constant temperature humidifier 4 into the breeding cage 12 via a fan installed on the insulation shell 19, and the exhaust port of the insulation shell 19 is connected to the constant temperature humidifier 4 via a second air pipe 202; a third air pipe 103 is installed on one side of each breeding cage 12. Four water pipes 104 are connected to each layer of breeding cages 12 via a fifth water pipe and a fourth water pipe 104. The fourth water pipe 104 is connected to a water supply pipe 105. An overflow main pipe 106 is installed on one side of each breeding cage 12. The overflow main pipe 106 is connected to each layer of breeding cages 12 via an overflow branch pipe 107. The breeding wastewater is recycled and purified, so it will not pollute the environment. By reasonably matching the feed, the nutritional balance of the feed is ensured, which increases the quality of the crabs. The farmed crabs are of good quality, large in size, uniform in weight, and contain high levels of nutrients.

[0022] In this embodiment, see Figure 3The breeding rack 11 includes a base 111 and a mounting plate 112 vertically mounted on the base 111. Multiple breeding cages 12 are mounted on the front side wall of the mounting plate 112. The rear bottom of each breeding cage 12 is hinged to the mounting plate 112 via multiple hinges. A hydraulic cylinder 113 is mounted on one side of each breeding cage 12. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 113 is hinged to a first hinge seat on the side wall of the mounting plate 112, and the other end is hinged to a corresponding second hinge seat on the side wall of the breeding cage 12. Each breeding cage 12 includes multiple unit cages 121, and the bottom plate of each unit cage 121 is a slope with a higher front and lower back. Each unit cage 121 has a feeding port at the top, with a feeding hopper 122 at the feeding port. Each unit cage 121 also has a placement opening at the front, with a grid door 123 at the placement opening. The upper end of the grid door 123 is hinged to the top plate of the unit cage 121, and a magnet is installed at the lower end of the grid door 123. A corresponding iron block is installed at the lower end of the unit cage 121. The grid door 123 is closed tightly by the magnet on the grid door 123 and the iron block on the unit cage 121, making it easy to open and put in and take out crabs. Raising crabs in unit cages 121 can reduce the activity of crabs and allow them to fatten up quickly in the later stages of breeding.

[0023] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 , 6 7, 8. Each feeding mechanism 14 includes a feeding pipe 141, a conveying shaft 142, and a spiral blade 143. The feeding pipe 141 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough 13. One end of the feeding pipe 141 is connected to a discharge hole corresponding to the bottom of the feeding trough 13, and the other end extends horizontally through the mounting plate 112 to the top of the feeding hopper 122. The conveying shaft 142 is rotatably arranged inside the feeding pipe 141, and the spiral blade 143 is arranged on the conveying shaft 142. Specifically, the spiral directions of the spiral blades 143 on the conveying shaft 142 in two adjacent feeding pipes 141 are opposite. A positioning plate 144 is arranged on the rear side of the feeding trough 13. The two ends of the positioning plate 144 are fixedly connected to the feeding trough 13 by two fixing rods. Each conveying shaft 142 is rotatably connected to the corresponding shaft seat on the positioning plate 144. Each conveying shaft 142 is equipped with a gear 145. Two adjacent gears 145 can mesh with each other for transmission. The positioning plate 144 is equipped with a first motor 146 for driving one of the conveying shafts 142 to rotate. The first motor 146 drives the gears 145 on each conveying shaft 142 to mesh with each other for transmission, thereby driving each conveying shaft 142 to rotate, so that the spiral blades 143 on each conveying shaft 142 can convey feed in the same direction.

[0024] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 The bottom of the frame of the belt weighing conveyor 16 is supported by multiple first weighing sensors 161 set on the top of the upper feeding trough 13. The first weighing sensors 161 facilitate real-time monitoring of the weight of the material added to the belt weighing conveyor 16.

[0025] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 , 4 The constant temperature humidifier 4 includes a water tank 41, a spray pipe 42, and an atomizing nozzle 43. The spray pipe 42 is installed on the top side wall of the water tank 41, and the atomizing nozzle 43 is installed at the bottom of the spray pipe 42. A heater 44 is installed at the bottom of the water tank 41. The spray pipe 42 is connected to the bottom of the water tank 41 through a water pump installed on the outer wall of the water tank 41. The water at the bottom of the water tank 41 is pumped to the spray pipe 42 by the water pump. After being atomized by the atomizing nozzle 43 on the spray pipe 42, the constant temperature and humidity air in the water tank 41 is drawn into the heat preservation shell 19 by a fan, which increases the humidity in the breeding cage 12 and keeps the breeding cage 12 at a constant temperature, so that the crab breeding environment is stable, the comfort of the crab breeding environment is increased, and the quality of the crabs is good.

[0026] In this embodiment, see Figure 5 , 6 A vertical guide rail 5 is provided on the front side wall of the mounting plate 112, and a slider 51 is provided on the guide rail 5. A mounting frame 52 is provided on the slider 51, and a mixing hopper 17 is provided on the mounting frame 52. The upper end of the mixing hopper 17 is open for adding materials, and the bottom is provided for discharging materials. The mixing hopper 17 is supported on the mounting frame 52 by multiple second weighing sensors 53. When the weight of the material in the mixing hopper 17 changes, the weight can be monitored in real time by the second weighing sensors 53 and fed back to the LCD screen of the controller for display. The mixing of materials in the mixing hopper 17 is controlled by the buttons on the LCD screen. A spiral mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing hopper 17. The spiral mixing mechanism includes a spiral shaft, spiral blades, and a spiral shaft drive motor. The spiral shaft is horizontally mounted on the mixing hopper 17. At the bottom, the two ends of the spiral shaft are rotatably connected to the bearing supports correspondingly provided on the two inner side walls of the mixing bin 17. The spiral blades are installed on the spiral shaft, and the spiral shaft drive motor is installed on the outer side wall of the mixing bin 17. The spiral shaft drive motor drives the spiral shaft to rotate, causing the spiral blades to rotate forward or backward, and reciprocally conveying the material in the mixing bin 17 to make the material mix evenly. A lead screw 55 is provided on one side of the guide rail 5. The upper and lower ends of the lead screw 55 are rotatably supported by two shaft supports fixedly connected to the mounting plate 112. A lead screw nut 56 is provided on the lead screw 55, and the lead screw nut 56 is fixedly connected to the slider 51. A second motor 57 for driving the lead screw 55 to rotate is provided on the mounting plate 112.

[0027] The present invention provides a method for ecological farming of wolfberry and crab, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the crab juveniles in the rice paddy and feed them with the first stage of formulated feed for one month (the feeding period is from March to April of the same year). in: The first stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 20 parts fish bone meal, 20 parts peeled corn, 20 parts goji berries, 18 parts pumpkin, 18 parts puffed corn, 20 parts soybean meal, 10 parts wheat bran, 10 parts rice bran, 10 parts brown sugar, 2 parts allicin, 2 parts salt, 2 parts multivitamin calcium, 2 parts cod liver oil, 3 parts mycotoxin binder, 3 parts glucose, 3 parts fermentation agent. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 12,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 2,500 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. S2. Continue to feed the crabs in the paddy field with the second batch of compound feed for another month (the feeding period is from April to May of the same year). in: The second stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: Fish bone meal 25 parts, peeled corn 25 parts, goji berries 25 parts, pumpkin 20 parts, puffed corn 20 parts, soybean meal 25 parts, wheat bran 15 parts, rice bran 15 parts, brown sugar 15 parts, salt 4 parts, multivitamin calcium 4 parts, cod liver oil 4 parts, mycotoxin binder 6 parts, glucose 6 parts, fermentation agent 6 parts. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 13,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 2,800 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. The first stage of compound feed is weighed or measured according to the weight proportions and then mixed in a mixer. After mixing, it is manually sown into the paddy field for feeding.

[0028] S3. Continue to feed the crabs in the rice paddies for three more months using the third stage of compound feed (feeding period is from May to August of the same year). in, The third stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 50 parts fish bone meal, 50 parts peeled corn, 30 parts goji berries, 25 parts pumpkin, 25 parts puffed corn, 30 parts soybean meal, 20 parts wheat bran, 20 parts rice bran, 20 parts brown sugar, 6 parts salt, 6 parts multivitamin calcium, 6 parts cod liver oil, 8 parts mycotoxin binder, 8 parts glucose, 8 parts fermentation agent. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 15,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 3,000 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. The second stage of compound feed is weighed or measured according to the weight percentages and then mixed in a mixer. After mixing, it is manually sown into the paddy field for feeding.

[0029] S4. The crabs raised in the paddy fields are harvested and transferred to the breeding shed. Each crab is placed in a unit cage and fed with the fourth stage of compound feed until they are ready for market (the feeding period is from August to October of the same year). in, The fourth stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 50 parts fish bone meal, 50 parts peeled corn, 35 parts goji berries, 30 parts pumpkin, 30 parts puffed corn, 35 parts soybean meal, 25 parts wheat bran, 25 parts rice bran, 25 parts brown sugar, 8 parts salt, 8 parts multivitamin calcium, 8 parts cod liver oil, 10 parts mycotoxin binder, 10 parts glucose, 10 parts fermenting agent. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 15,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 3,000 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. The release density of crab juveniles in the rice paddies is 600-1000 per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares).

[0030] In the above embodiments, the feed ratio for farmed crabs can be measured in kilograms.

[0031] In the above embodiment, a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the heat insulation shell 19, and a drain valve is provided at the drain outlet so that wastewater in the breeding shed can be discharged from the drain outlet.

[0032] In the above embodiment, multiple water spray nozzles are provided on the side wall of the pipeline network. Fresh water can be supplied to the paddy field 3 through the water spray nozzles on the grid pipeline network 33, so as to realize the rapid water exchange of the paddy field 3 aquaculture water.

[0033] In the above embodiment, the water supply pipe 105 is a flexible hose with an open end at the bottom of the overflow main pipe, which facilitates the control of the water level in the breeding cage 12 and keeps the water level in each breeding cage 12 consistent.

[0034] In step S1, the ring ditch 31 set around the paddy field 3 is 1.5-2 meters wide and 0.8-1 meters deep. The ring ditch 31 facilitates the rapid discharge of wastewater from the paddy field 3 to the surrounding areas and the addition of fresh water to the paddy field 3. The water exchange speed is fast and can quickly improve the water quality for crab farming in the paddy field 3.

[0035] This invention feeds crabs in rice paddies for five months with a first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage formulated feed, and then feeds crabs in greenhouses with a fourth-stage formulated feed until they are ready for market. The breeding method is adjusted according to the growth stage and feeding needs of the crabs, so that the crabs always live in a more comfortable environment and grow better than crabs raised entirely in rice paddies.

[0036] The working principle of this invention for raising crabs in cages includes:First, crabs are raised individually in each unit cage 121. Then, fish bone meal, peeled corn, goji berries, pumpkin, puffed corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and rice bran are added sequentially to each feed mixing tank 15. The controller then opens the discharge valves of each feed mixing tank 15 sequentially to add feed to the belt weighing conveyor 16 and weigh it. The weighed feed is then conveyed and unloaded into the mixing silo 17 via the belt weighing conveyor 16. Next, brown sugar, salt, multivitamin calcium, cod liver oil, mycotoxin binder, glucose, and fermentation agent (the fermentation agent is a microbial preparation such as lactic acid bacteria and yeast) are added sequentially to the mixing silo 17. The materials in the mixing silo 17 are mixed by the spiral mixing mechanism within the mixing silo 17. After mixing, the second motor 57 drives the lead screw. Rotating at 55°, the lead screw 55 rotates, driving the lead screw nut 56 and slider 51 downwards along the guide rail 5. After moving to each layer of breeding cages 12, the controller controls the auger conveyor 18 at the bottom of the mixing silo 17 to add materials to the corresponding feeding trough 13. (A laser beam emitter is installed on the side wall of the mixing silo 17, and a laser beam receiver is installed on the side wall of each feeding trough 13. Whenever the mixing silo 17 moves downwards until the laser beam emitter and the laser beam receiver form a horizontal beam angle, the mixing silo 17 will stop feeding materials to the corresponding feeding trough 13. The feeding time of the auger conveyor 18 is controlled by PLC programming, specifically by the PLC controller obtaining the data monitored by the gravity sensor on the mixing silo 17.) The weight reduction value is used to determine whether the feeding amount has reached the preset value, thereby controlling whether the auger conveyor 18 stops working. The start and stop of the auger conveyor 18 can also be controlled via the DCS controller buttons. (By reading the weight parameters displayed on the controller on the mixing bin 17 and then manually starting the auger conveyor 18 to add material to the feeding trough 13), after the feed in each feeding trough 13 is added, the controller controls the first motor 146 to drive one of the conveyor shafts 142 to rotate. This drives the gear 145 on the conveyor shaft 142 to mesh with the gears 145 on other conveyor shafts 142, causing all conveyor shafts 142 to rotate synchronously. The feed released from the bottom of the mixing bin 17 is then passed through the spiral blades on the conveyor shafts 142 in each feeding pipe 141. Feed is delivered from pipe 143 to the feeding hopper 122 of each breeding cage 12, and added to the breeding cage 12 to feed the crabs. When the water quality in the breeding cage 12 is poor, the hydraulic cylinder 113 drives the breeding cage 12 to rotate outward along the hinge, so that the placement opening is lower than the water level in the breeding cage 12. The water in the breeding cage 12 is discharged through the grid door 123 on the front side of the unit cage 121. After the water is discharged, the controller controls the breeding cage 12 to maintain a horizontal state, and then supplies fresh water to each unit cage 121 through the water supply pipe 105, the fourth water pipe 104, and the fifth water pipe. When the supplied water level is too high, the water overflows through the overflow pipe 106 and is discharged into the water collection tank 110. The water in the water collection tank 110 is discharged into the water storage tank 21 through the third water pipe 103.By adding flocculant to the water storage tank 21, the water in the tank is purified. Then, the water in the storage tank 21 is discharged through the first water pipe 101 into the grid network 33 in the paddy field 3. The grid network 33 quickly disperses fresh water into the paddy field for replenishment. Wastewater from the paddy field 3 is discharged into the ring ditch 32 in advance. A water pump draws the wastewater from the ring ditch 32 into the storage tank 21 for purification and sedimentation. Simultaneously, when the water level in the storage tank 21 is insufficient, water from the Yellow River is pumped into the grid network 33 to replenish the paddy field 3. When the breeding season reaches autumn and the temperature inside the breeding shed 1 is low, a controller operates a constant temperature humidifier 4 to maintain a constant temperature in the breeding cage 12, stabilizing the crab breeding environment, increasing the comfort of the crab breeding environment, and resulting in high-quality crabs.

[0037] Crabs cultured using this invention were verified through the following testing methods: The crabs farmed in this invention are located in Ningxia, in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. The excellent water quality and abundant water volume provide an ideal growth environment for the crabs. The Yellow River water is rich in various minerals and trace elements, which are beneficial for the crabs' nutrient absorption and healthy growth. By adopting modern aquaculture technology and promoting ecological farming concepts, a rice-crab co-culture model is implemented, achieving the dual goals of ecological balance and economic benefits.

[0038] The crabs raised using this invention have a bluish-green carapace and a grayish-white ventral surface, with two well-developed front legs. The meat is delicate and smooth, the crab roe is plump, and the taste is delicious.

[0039] The parameters of the crabs cultured according to this invention at the maturity stage are shown in the table below: By comparison, it is easy to see that the crabs farmed according to this invention have better performance in all indicators at maturity than the control reference values. The diversion of Yellow River water provides an ideal growth environment for the crabs, as the Yellow River water is rich in various minerals and trace elements. Simultaneously, the use of modern aquaculture technology and improved feeding conditions contribute to the Chinese mitten crab being rich in various trace elements, vitamin E, and multiple unsaturated fatty acids. The meat is delicate and smooth, the crab roe is full, and the taste is delicious. The mitten crab exhibits significantly higher levels of six indicators—vitamin E, linoleic acid, DHA, phosphorus, potassium, and iron—compared to other similar products. Furthermore, under the same farming cycle, the crabs farmed according to this invention are larger at maturity, with more uniform weight distribution among individuals, leading to higher economic benefits.

[0040] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope of the invention is indicated by the claims.

[0041] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wolfberry and crab ecological farming system, characterized in that, Including a breeding shed (1), a diversion and configuration room (2), and a paddy field (3); The breeding shed (1) is equipped with multiple breeding racks (11), and each breeding rack (11) is equipped with multiple breeding cages (12). Each breeding cage (12) is equipped with a feeding trough (13) on its rear side. Each feeding trough (13) is equipped with multiple feeding mechanisms (14) at the bottom for feeding the breeding cages (12). The top of the breeding rack (11) is equipped with multiple feed mixing tanks (15). Each feed mixing tank (15) is equipped with a belt weighing conveyor (16) below it. The unloading end of the belt weighing conveyor (16) is equipped with a lifting and movable mixing bin (17). The bottom of the mixing bin (17) is equipped with an auger conveyor (18) for feeding each feeding trough (13). A water storage tank (21) is provided inside the diversion configuration room (2); The paddy field (3) is surrounded by a fence (31), and a ring ditch (32) is set around the fence (31). A grid network (33) with horizontal and vertical interlaced distribution is installed inside the paddy field (3). The grid network (33) is connected to the water storage tank (21) through the first water pipe (101); The reservoir (21) is connected to the ring ditch (32) of the paddy field (3) via a second water pipe (102); Each of the breeding racks (11) is provided with a water collection trough (110) below it, and the water collection trough (110) is connected to the water storage tank (21) through a third water pipe (103); The multi-layered breeding cage (12) is provided with an insulated shell (19) on its exterior. A constant temperature humidifier (4) is installed on the breeding rack (11). The constant temperature humidifier (4) is connected to the air inlet of the heat insulation shell (19) through the first air pipe (201). The exhaust port of the heat insulation shell (19) is connected to the constant temperature humidifier (4) through the second air pipe (202). A fourth water pipe (104) is provided on one side of each of the breeding cages (12). Each layer of the breeding cages (12) is connected to the fourth water pipe (104) through a fifth water pipe. The fourth water pipe (104) is connected to a water supply pipe (105). An overflow main pipe (106) is provided on one side of each of the breeding cages (12). The overflow main pipe (106) is connected to each layer of the breeding cages (12) through an overflow branch pipe (107). The breeding rack (11) includes a base (111) and a mounting plate (112) vertically mounted on the base (111). Multiple breeding cages (12) are mounted on the front side wall of the mounting plate (112). The bottom rear end of each layer of the breeding cage (12) is hinged to the mounting plate (112) via multiple hinges. A hydraulic cylinder (113) is mounted on one side of each layer of the breeding cage (12). One end of the hydraulic cylinder (113) is hinged to a first hinge seat mounted on the side wall of the mounting plate (112), and the other end is hinged to the... The second hinge seat correspondingly provided on the side wall of the breeding cage (12) is hinged to each layer of the breeding cage (12) including multiple unit cages (121). The bottom plate of each unit cage (121) is set as a sloping surface with a higher front and lower back. The top of each unit cage (121) is provided with a feeding port, and the feeding port is provided with a feeding hopper (122). The front of each unit cage (121) is provided with a placement port, and the placement port is provided with a grid door (123). The upper end of the grid door (123) is hinged to the top plate of the unit cage (121).

2. The wolfberry and crab ecological farming system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the feeding mechanisms (14) includes a feeding pipe (141), a conveying shaft (142), and a spiral blade (143). The feeding pipe (141) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough (13). One end of the feeding pipe (141) is connected to the discharge hole correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough (13), and the other end extends horizontally through the mounting plate (112) to the top of the feeding hopper (122). The conveying shaft (142) is rotatably arranged inside the feeding pipe (141), and the spiral blade (143) is arranged on the conveying shaft (142).

3. The wolfberry and crab ecological farming system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A positioning plate (144) is provided on the rear side of the feeding trough (13). The two ends of the positioning plate (144) are fixedly connected to the feeding trough (13) by two fixing rods. Each of the conveying shafts (142) is rotatably connected to the corresponding shaft seat on the positioning plate (144). Each of the conveying shafts (142) is provided with a gear (145). Two adjacent gears (145) can mesh with each other for transmission. A first motor (146) is provided on the positioning plate (144) for driving one of the conveying shafts (142) to rotate.

4. The wolfberry and crab ecological farming system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the frame of the belt weighing conveyor (16) is supported by a plurality of first weighing sensors (161) set on the top of the upper feed trough (13).

5. The wolfberry and crab ecological farming system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constant temperature humidifier (4) includes a water tank (41), a spray pipe (42), and an atomizing nozzle (43). The spray pipe (42) is installed on the top side wall of the water tank (41), and the atomizing nozzle (43) is installed at the bottom of the spray pipe (42). A heater (44) is installed at the bottom of the water tank (41).

6. The wolfberry and crab ecological farming system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical guide rail (5) is provided on the front side wall of the mounting plate (112). A slider (51) is provided on the guide rail (5). A mounting frame (52) is provided on the slider (51). A mixing chamber (17) is provided on the mounting frame (52). The mixing chamber (17) is supported on the mounting frame (52) by multiple second weighing sensors (53). A spiral mixing mechanism is provided inside the mixing chamber (17). A lead screw (55) is provided on one side of the guide rail (5). The upper and lower ends of the lead screw (55) are rotatably supported by two shaft supports that are fixedly connected to the mounting plate (112). A lead screw nut (56) is provided on the lead screw (55). The lead screw nut (56) is fixedly connected to the slider (51). A second motor (57) for driving the lead screw (55) to rotate is provided on the mounting plate (112).

7. A method for ecological farming of wolfberry and crab, based on the ecological farming system of wolfberry and crab as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Place the crab larvae in the rice paddy and feed them with the first stage of formulated feed for one month; in: The first stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 20 parts fish bone meal, 20 parts peeled corn, 20 parts goji berries, 18 parts pumpkin, 18 parts puffed corn, 20 parts soybean meal, 10 parts wheat bran, 10 parts rice bran, 10 parts brown sugar, 2 parts allicin, 2 parts salt, 2 parts multivitamin calcium, 2 parts cod liver oil, 3 parts mycotoxin binder, 3 parts glucose, 3 parts fermentation agent. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 12,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 2,500 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. S2. Continue to feed the crabs in the rice paddies for another month using the second stage of compound feed; in: The second stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: Fish bone meal 25 parts, peeled corn 25 parts, goji berries 25 parts, pumpkin 20 parts, puffed corn 20 parts, soybean meal 25 parts, wheat bran 15 parts, rice bran 15 parts, brown sugar 15 parts, salt 4 parts, multivitamin calcium 4 parts, cod liver oil 4 parts, mycotoxin binder 6 parts, glucose 6 parts, fermentation agent 6 parts. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 13,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 2,800 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. S3. Continue to feed the crabs in the rice paddies for three more months using the third stage of compound feed; in, The third stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 50 parts fish bone meal, 50 parts peeled corn, 30 parts goji berries, 25 parts pumpkin, 25 parts puffed corn, 30 parts soybean meal, 20 parts wheat bran, 20 parts rice bran, 20 parts brown sugar, 6 parts salt, 6 parts multivitamin calcium, 6 parts cod liver oil, 8 parts mycotoxin binder, 8 parts glucose, 8 parts fermentation agent. The above feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 15,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 3,000 IU of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed. S4. The crabs raised in the paddy fields are harvested and transferred to the breeding shed. Each crab is placed in a unit cage and fed with the fourth stage of compound feed until it is ready for market. in, The fourth stage of compound feed is composed of the following parts by weight: 50 parts fish bone meal, 50 parts peeled corn, 35 parts goji berries, 30 parts pumpkin, 30 parts puffed corn, 35 parts soybean meal, 25 parts wheat bran, 25 parts rice bran, 25 parts brown sugar, 8 parts salt, 8 parts multivitamin calcium, 8 parts cod liver oil, 10 parts mycotoxin binder, 10 parts glucose, 10 parts fermenting agent. The feed also contains vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 15,000 IU of vitamin A acetate and 3,000 IU of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed.

8. The method for ecological farming of wolfberry and crab according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S1, the release density of crab juveniles in the paddy field is 600-1000 per mu.

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