A hydraulic distance-adjustable nut sheller with reduced breakage

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of peeling equipment, in particular to a spacing-adjustable hydraulic nut peeling machine capable of reducing breakage, the top of an upper box body is provided with a feeding port; a mounting shaft is arranged on the top wall of the upper box body, a breakage hammer is mounted on the mounting shaft, the breakage hammer comprises a first hammer body fixedly mounted at the lower end of the mounting shaft and a second hammer body vertically and slidingly mounted on the mounting shaft; the lower end of the first hammer body is in an inverted conical shape, a breakage plate is arranged in the upper box body, a breakage passage is arranged between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the breakage plate, and a discharging hole is arranged at the central position of the breakage plate; the breakage plate is driven to ascend and descend by a power device; when the shell of nuts with a larger size is broken, the breakage plate is driven to descend by a hydraulic cylinder in contraction, so that the minimum spacing between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the breakage plate is increased; when the shell of nuts with a smaller size is broken, the breakage plate is driven to ascend by the hydraulic cylinder in extension, so that the minimum spacing between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the breakage plate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of peeling equipment, and more specifically to a hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing. Background Technology

[0002] Nuts are rich in nutrients and are a popular snack in daily life. However, the hard shells of nuts make them difficult to remove, which increases the difficulty of eating them.

[0003] In the prior art, utility model patent application number CN202221676708.5 discloses a high-efficiency nut shelling and kernel extraction machine, including a mounting shell, two shelling rollers rotatably mounted inside the mounting shell, and both ends of the drive shafts of the two shelling rollers extending outside the mounting shell. A dual-axis motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting shell, two first bevel teeth are respectively fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the dual-axis motor, and two second bevel teeth are respectively fixedly mounted on one end of the drive shafts of the two shelling rollers, with the two second bevel teeth meshing with the corresponding two first bevel teeth. When the dual-axis motor is running, it drives the shelling rollers to rotate, and the nuts in the hopper fall into the mounting shell through the opening. Then, the nuts are crushed by the rotating shelling rollers, which is not only labor-saving and convenient, but also has a relatively high shelling efficiency.

[0004] However, the distance between the two shelling rollers of the above-mentioned shelling and kernel-extracting machine is not adjustable, so it cannot be applied to nuts of different sizes and cannot meet production needs, and needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with adjustable crushing spacing to reduce the crushing distance of nuts, thereby solving the defects mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing includes a crushing mechanism and a separation mechanism located below the crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism includes an upper housing with a feed inlet at the top. A mounting shaft, driven by a drive device and rotating around its own axis, is provided on the top wall of the upper housing. A crushing hammer is mounted on the mounting shaft within the upper housing. The crushing hammer includes a first hammer body fixedly mounted on the lower end of the mounting shaft and a second hammer body vertically slidably mounted on the mounting shaft. The lower end of the first hammer body is an inverted cone shape coaxial with the mounting shaft. A crushing plate, also coaxial with the mounting shaft, is located within the upper housing below the crushing hammer. A crushing channel is provided between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the crushing plate. A discharge hole is located at the center of the crushing plate. The crushing plate is driven to move up and down by a power device.

[0008] As a further improvement, a slider is fixedly installed on the crushing plate, and a retainer is fixedly installed in the upper box. The retainer is provided with a sliding groove that matches the slider, and the sliding groove extends vertically.

[0009] As a further improvement, the power unit is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] As a further improvement, the vertical distance between the bottom of the first hammer and the top of the crushing plate gradually decreases from the edge of the crushing plate toward the discharge hole.

[0011] As a further improvement, an annular seat coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft is fixedly installed on the inner side of the top wall of the upper housing. A closed cam groove is arranged around the inner peripheral wall of the annular seat. A support wheel matching the cam groove is installed on the second hammer. When the second hammer rotates, the cam groove acts on the support wheel and drives the second hammer to move up and down reciprocally.

[0012] As a further improvement, the bottom of the second hammer is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the first hammer.

[0013] As a further improvement, the top of the second hammer is conical, and the projection of the feed inlet along the vertical direction is located on the conical surface of the top of the second hammer.

[0014] As a further improvement, the separation mechanism includes a lower housing, a discharge pipe fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing plate, the upper end of the discharge pipe communicating with the discharge hole and the lower end extending into the lower housing; an inclined receiving plate is vertically slidably installed in the lower housing, the upper end of the receiving plate being located below the discharge pipe; a turntable driven by a driving component and rotating around its own axis is provided in the lower housing, a pin is eccentrically fixedly installed on one side of the turntable, and a connecting rod is hinged between the pin and the bottom of the receiving plate, so that when the turntable rotates, the receiving plate reciprocates up and down through the connecting rod.

[0015] As a further improvement, a vertically extending slide bar is fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving plate, and a sleeve matching the slide bar is fixedly installed inside the lower box.

[0016] As a further improvement, a fan is installed inside the lower housing, with the air outlet of the fan horizontally facing the lower end of the receiving plate. A first discharge port is provided on the bottom wall of the lower housing located below the lower end of the receiving plate, and a second discharge port is provided on the bottom wall of the lower housing located on the side of the first discharge port away from the fan.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. When cracking larger nuts, the hydraulic cylinder retracts to lower the crushing plate, increasing the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer and the top of the crushing plate. This prevents the nuts from being overly pulverized after cracking, improving the integrity of the kernels. When cracking smaller nuts, the hydraulic cylinder extends to raise the crushing plate, decreasing the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer and the top of the crushing plate. This prevents the nuts from falling directly through the discharge hole without being cracked, improving cracking efficiency and allowing for use with nuts of different sizes.

[0019] 2. During the process of the first motor driving the mounting shaft and the first hammer to rotate and knead and squeeze the material, the second hammer moves up and down in a small range with the cam groove. Thus, before the nuts enter the crushing channel, the second hammer repeatedly hammers the nuts located outside the first hammer, further improving the shelling efficiency of the nuts.

[0020] 3. When the shelled material falls down onto the receiving plate, the turntable rotates and drives the receiving plate to move up and down repeatedly through the connecting rod, causing the shelled material to bounce up and down on the top of the receiving plate, thereby prompting the kernel to fall out of the shell and preventing the kernel from getting stuck inside the shell.

[0021] 4. When the shelled material slides down the lower end of the receiving plate, the lighter material will be blown to the right by the fan and discharged through the second discharge port, while the heavier material will be discharged directly downward through the first discharge port, so as to separate the kernel and shell. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Upper housing; 2-Feed inlet; 3-Feed hopper; 4-Mounting shaft; 5-First motor; 6-Crusher hammer; 7-First hammer body; 8-Second hammer body; 9-Crushing plate; 10-Crushing channel; 11-Discharge hole; 12-Guide part; 13-Slider; 14-Cage; 15-Mounting hole; 16-Slide groove; 17-Hydraulic cylinder; 18-Annular seat; 19-Cam groove; 20-Accommodation groove; 21-Guide sleeve; 22-Guide hole; 23-Sliding key; 24-Sliding groove; 25-Crossbar; 26-Support wheel; 27-Lower housing; 28-Discharge pipe; 29-Receiving plate; 30-Slide rod; 31-Sleeve; 32-Pin; 33-Hinge seat; 34-Connecting rod; 35-Fan; 36-First discharge port; 37-Second discharge port; 38-Second motor; 39-Turntable. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced crushing spacing includes a crushing mechanism and a separating mechanism located below the crushing mechanism.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the crushing mechanism includes an upper housing 1, with a feed inlet 2 at the top of the upper housing 1. A feed hopper 3 is welded inside the feed inlet 2 to facilitate the addition of materials into the upper housing 1. A mounting shaft 4, driven by a drive device and rotating around its own axis, is mounted on the top wall of the upper housing 1. The mounting shaft 4 extends vertically and is rotatably mounted on the top wall of the upper housing 1 via bearings. A first motor 5 is bolted to the top of the upper housing 1. The first motor 5 is connected to the upper end of the mounting shaft 4 via a pair of meshing bevel gears, allowing the first motor 5 to drive the mounting shaft 4 to rotate. A crushing hammer 6 is mounted on the mounting shaft 4 inside the upper housing 1. The crushing hammer 6 includes a first hammer body 7 fixedly mounted on the lower end of the mounting shaft 4. The first hammer 7 is a cylindrical body 8 that is coaxial with the mounting shaft 4. The lower end of the mounting shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the first hammer 7 by bolts. The lower end of the first hammer 7 is an inverted cone shape that is coaxial with the mounting shaft 4. The upper box 1 located below the breaker hammer 6 is provided with a crushing plate 9. The crushing plate 9 is an inverted cone shape that is coaxial with the mounting shaft 4. A crushing channel 10 is provided between the bottom of the first hammer 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9. A discharge hole 11 is provided at the center of the crushing plate 9.

[0033] Material is added into the upper housing 1 through the feed inlet 2. The material first falls downward onto the crushing plate 9 and moves along the inverted conical crushing plate 9 toward the discharge hole 11. When the material enters the crushing channel 10 between the first hammer 7 and the crushing plate 9, the first motor 5 drives the mounting shaft 4 and the first hammer 7 to rotate. The first hammer 7 and the crushing plate 9 work together to knead and squeeze the material to break the shell of the nuts. Finally, the broken material is discharged through the discharge hole 11.

[0034] In addition, the vertical distance between the bottom of the first hammer 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9 gradually decreases from the edge of the crushing plate 9 toward the discharge hole 11, making it easier for the material falling onto the crushing plate 9 to enter the crushing channel 10 and improving the shelling efficiency of nuts.

[0035] The crushing plate 9 is lifted and lowered by a power unit. For example... Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the crushing plate 9 has an integrally formed annular upward-extending guide portion 12 around its periphery. A slider 13 is integrally formed on the outer circumferential surface of the guide portion 12. Multiple sliders 13 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the guide portion 12. A retainer 14 is bolted into the upper housing 1. The retainer 14 has vertically penetrating mounting holes 15, the inner diameter of which matches the outer diameter of the guide portion 12. The inner wall of the mounting holes 15 has corresponding sliding grooves 16 that extend vertically. The sliders 13 are slidably mounted within the corresponding sliding grooves 16, improving the stability of the crushing plate 9's vertical movement. The power unit is a hydraulic cylinder 17 with an upward-extending piston rod. Two hydraulic cylinders 17 are arranged opposite each other on the left and right sides. The piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders 17 are bolted to the bottom of the crushing plate 9. The hydraulic cylinder 17 extends and retracts, causing the crushing plate 9 to move up and down, thereby adjusting the distance between the bottom of the first hammer 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9. Specifically, when crushing larger nuts, the hydraulic cylinder 17 retracts, causing the crushing plate 9 to descend, increasing the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9, thus preventing the nuts from being too pulverized after crushing and improving the integrity of the nuts. When crushing smaller nuts, the hydraulic cylinder 17 extends, causing the crushing plate 9 to rise, decreasing the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9, thus preventing the nuts from falling directly out of the discharge hole 11 without being crushed, and improving the crushing efficiency.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an annular seat 18, coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft 4, is fixedly installed on the inner side of the top wall of the upper housing 1 by bolts. A closed cam groove 19 is arranged around the inner circumferential wall of the annular seat 18, and the cam groove 19 is wavy and undulating. The second hammer 8 is cylindrical in shape and coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft 4. The bottom of the second hammer 8 is provided with a receiving groove 20 for accommodating the first hammer 7. The top wall of the receiving groove 20 is provided with a guide hole 22 that penetrates the second hammer 8 upward. The guide hole 22 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the mounting shaft 4 located between the top wall of the upper housing 1 and the first hammer 7, and a sliding key 23 is embedded on the outside of the mounting shaft 4. The inner wall of the guide hole 22 is provided with a sliding groove 24 that matches the sliding key 23. The sliding groove 24 extends vertically, and the sliding key 23 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 24 to restrict the relative rotation between the second hammer 8 and the mounting shaft 4. The top of the second hammer 8 located around the guide hole 22 extends upward to form a guide sleeve 21. A crossbar 25 extending radially along the mounting shaft 4 is welded on the outer wall of the guide sleeve 21. A support wheel 26 matching the cam groove 19 is rotatably installed on the crossbar 25 through a bearing. When the second hammer 8 rotates, the cam groove 19 acts on the support wheel 26 and drives the second hammer 8 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0037] During the process of the first motor 5 driving the mounting shaft 4 and the first hammer 7 to rotate and knead and squeeze the material, the mounting shaft 4 drives the second hammer 8 to rotate synchronously. The second hammer 8 drives the support wheel 26 to move along the wavy, undulating cam groove 19, so that the second hammer 8 moves up and down in a small range with the cam groove 19. In this way, before the nuts enter the crushing channel 10, the nuts located outside the first hammer 7 are repeatedly hammered by the second hammer 8, which further improves the shelling efficiency of the nuts. In addition, the bottom of the second hammer 8 is provided with an inverted conical surface that matches the bottom of the first hammer 7. When the second hammer 8 moves to the highest point, the inverted conical surface at the bottom of the second hammer 8 coincides with the inverted conical surface at the bottom of the first hammer 7.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the top of the second hammer 8 is conical, and the projection of the feed inlet 2 along the vertical direction is located on the conical surface of the top of the second hammer 8, thereby preventing material from accumulating on the top of the second hammer 8.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the separation mechanism includes a long, narrow lower housing 27. An upper housing 1 is bolted to the top of one end of the lower housing 27 along its length, and the lower housing 27 closes the lower end of the upper housing 1. The cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is bolted to the top of the lower housing 27. A downwardly extending discharge pipe 28 is welded to the bottom of the crushing plate 9. The upper end of the discharge pipe 28 connects to the discharge hole 11, and the lower end extends into the lower housing 27. A through hole is provided on the top wall of the lower housing 27 for the discharge pipe 28 to pass through.

[0040] A long strip-shaped receiving plate 29 is vertically slidably installed inside the lower housing 27. Four vertically extending sliding rods 30 are bolted to the bottom of the receiving plate 29. Sleeves 31, corresponding to the sliding rods, are bolted to the inner side of the bottom wall of the lower housing 27. The sliding rods 30 slide within their respective sleeves 31, providing support and guidance for the receiving plate 29. One end of the receiving plate 29 is inclined downwards, with its high end located below the discharge pipe 28. When the broken material is discharged through the discharge hole 11, it first falls downwards through the discharge pipe 28 onto the receiving plate 29, and then slides to the right and towards its lower end along the inclined receiving plate 29.

[0041] A second motor 38 with a horizontally extending rotating shaft is bolted to the inner side of the bottom wall of the lower box 27. A coaxial turntable 39 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft of the second motor 38. An eccentrically set pin 32 is embedded on one side of the turntable 39. A hinge seat 33 is provided at the bottom of the receiving plate 29 located directly above the turntable 39. A connecting rod 34 is hinged between the pin 32 and the hinge seat 33. When the turntable 39 rotates, it drives the receiving plate 29 to move up and down reciprocally through the connecting rod 34, so that the shelled material jumps up and down on the top of the receiving plate 29, thereby causing the kernel to fall out of the shell and preventing the kernel from getting stuck in the shell.

[0042] A fan 35 is bolted to the inner side of the bottom wall of the lower box 27. The fan 35 is located below the receiving plate 29, with its outlet horizontally facing right toward the lower end of the receiving plate 29. A first discharge port 36 is provided on the bottom wall of the lower box 27 below the lower end of the receiving plate 29, and a second discharge port 37 is provided on the bottom wall of the lower box 27 to the right of the first discharge port 36. When the shelled material slides down the lower end of the receiving plate 29, the lighter material will be blown to the right by the fan 35 and discharged through the second discharge port 37, while the heavier material will be discharged directly downwards through the first discharge port 36, thus separating the kernel from the shell.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced crushing spacing, comprising a crushing mechanism and a separating mechanism located below the crushing mechanism, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism includes an upper housing with a feed inlet at its top. A mounting shaft, driven by a drive device and rotating around its own axis, is located on the top wall of the upper housing. A crushing hammer is mounted on the mounting shaft within the upper housing. The crushing hammer includes a first hammer body fixedly mounted on the lower end of the mounting shaft and a second hammer body vertically slidably mounted on the mounting shaft. The lower end of the first hammer body is an inverted cone shape coaxial with the mounting shaft. A crushing plate, also coaxial with the mounting shaft, is located within the upper housing below the crushing hammer. A crushing channel is provided between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the crushing plate. A discharge hole is located at the center of the crushing plate. The crushing plate is driven to move up and down by a power device. An annular seat coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft is fixedly installed on the inner side of the top wall of the upper box. A closed cam groove is arranged around the inner peripheral wall of the annular seat. A support wheel matching the cam groove is installed on the second hammer. When the second hammer rotates, the cam groove acts on the support wheel and drives the second hammer to move up and down reciprocally.

2. The hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A slider is fixedly installed on the crushing plate, and a retainer is fixedly installed inside the upper box. The retainer is provided with a sliding groove that matches the slider, and the sliding groove extends vertically.

3. The hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power unit is a hydraulic cylinder.

4. The hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the bottom of the first hammer and the top of the crushing plate gradually decreases from the edge of the crushing plate toward the discharge hole.

5. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the second hammer is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the first hammer.

6. The hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the second hammer is conical, and the projection of the feed inlet along the vertical direction is located on the conical surface of the top of the second hammer.

7. The hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The separation mechanism includes a lower housing. A discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing plate. The upper end of the discharge pipe is connected to the discharge hole, and the lower end extends into the lower housing. An inclined receiving plate is vertically slidably installed in the lower housing, with the upper end of the receiving plate located below the discharge pipe. A turntable driven by a driving component and rotating around its own axis is provided in the lower housing. A pin is eccentrically fixed on one side of the turntable. A connecting rod is hinged between the pin and the bottom of the receiving plate. When the turntable rotates, it drives the receiving plate to reciprocate up and down through the connecting rod.

8. The hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A vertically extending slide rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving plate, and a sleeve matching the slide rod is fixedly installed inside the lower box.

9. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage spacing as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A fan is installed inside the lower housing. The air outlet of the fan is horizontally oriented towards the lower end of the receiving plate. A first discharge port is provided on the bottom wall of the lower housing located below the lower end of the receiving plate. A second discharge port is provided on the bottom wall of the lower housing located on the side of the first discharge port away from the fan.

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