A catalyst for the synthesis of alkylene carbonates and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a catalyst for synthesizing cyclic alkylene carbonate and a preparation method of the catalyst, and a method for preparing alkylene carbonate by reacting an epoxy compound with carbon dioxide. The catalyst comprises a magnetic inorganic compound and an organic polymer matrix, wherein the organic polymer matrix is a functional chloromethyl resin matrix. The catalyst can be used in industrial production of the alkylene carbonate, and has the characteristics of high catalyst activity, high selectivity and reusability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of catalysts, and more specifically, to a catalyst for the addition reaction of an epoxide with carbon dioxide to prepare alkylene carbonates, a method for preparing the same, and a method for reacting an epoxide with carbon dioxide to prepare alkylene carbonates. Background Technology

[0002] Alkyl carbonates, such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, are widely used organic chemical raw materials, primarily as solvents and diluents in industry. Ethyl carbonate can be used as a solvent in textiles, printing, polymer synthesis, and electrochemistry, and also as a raw material for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, as well as an intermediate for corresponding diols.

[0003] Industrially, alkylene carbonates are generally produced by reacting carbon dioxide with the corresponding alkyl oxides in the presence of a catalyst. Many catalysts have been found to be effective for this reaction, such as transition metal complexes, main group element complexes, quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts and alkali metal salts, ionic liquids, and supercritical carbon dioxide catalytic systems.

[0004] Kim et al. investigated the effects of homogeneous catalytic systems, including zinc halides with 1-alkyl-3-methyl-imidazolium halides and phosphine-containing ligands, on the reaction (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 39 (2000) 4096-4098, Chem. Eur. J. 9 (2003) 678-686, J. Catal. 232 (2005) 80-84). After the reaction, the homogeneous catalyst needs to be separated from the product, and distillation to separate the product from the homogeneous catalyst can lead to severe decomposition of alkylene carbonates. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of low catalyst activity and difficulty in separation in the prior art, this invention provides a catalyst for the synthesis of alkylene carbonates and its preparation method, as well as a method for preparing alkylene carbonates by reacting epoxides with carbon dioxide.

[0006] One objective of this invention is to provide a catalyst for the synthesis of alkylene carbonates, comprising a magnetic inorganic compound and an organic polymer matrix, wherein the organic polymer matrix is ​​a functionalized chloromethyl resin matrix. The magnetic inorganic compound is supported on the organic polymer matrix.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic inorganic compound is a magnetic metal oxide, and preferably, the magnetic metal oxide is at least one of nickel oxide, iron oxide, and cobalt oxide.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functionalized chloromethyl resin matrix is ​​a chloromethyl resin functionalized with active center compounds containing nitrogen and / or sulfur and / or phosphorus.

[0009] The chloromethyl resin is at least one of chloromethyl modified polystyrene resin, chloromethyl modified polyethylene resin, chloromethyl modified carboxylic acid resin, and chloromethyl modified phenolic resin.

[0010] The active center compound is selected from at least one of amines, pyridines, imidazoles, quinolines, pyrroles, indoles, carbazoles, thiazoles, thiophenes, phosphononitriles, thiols, thioethers, phosphorus trichloride, and triphenylphosphine.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic inorganic compound has a mass content of 0.5% to 20% in the catalyst, preferably 1% to 15%, for example, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, etc.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the active center compound has a mass content of 2-20% of nitrogen and / or sulfur and / or phosphorus in the catalyst, preferably 3-15%, more preferably 3-10%, for example, it can be 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, etc.

[0013] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the catalyst for the synthesis of alkylene carbonates, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Disperse the metal salt in a solvent;

[0015] (2) Dissolve the active center compound in a solvent;

[0016] (3) Mix the solutions obtained in steps (1) and (2), add the organic polymer matrix, and heat to carry out the reaction;

[0017] (4) The catalyst is obtained by filtration, washing and drying.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in steps (1) and (2), the solvent is at least one of alcohol and glucose, wherein the alcohol is preferably at least one of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, butanol, and pentanol.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal salt is at least one of the sulfates, nitrates or halides of iron, cobalt, and nickel.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic polymer matrix is ​​a chloromethyl resin, more preferably at least one of chloromethyl modified polystyrene resin, chloromethyl modified polyethylene resin, chloromethyl modified carboxylic acid resin, and chloromethyl modified phenolic resin.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic polymer matrix is ​​spherical.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chlorine content in the organic polymer matrix is ​​greater than 5 wt%, preferably 7 to 25 wt%.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.1 to 3 mm, preferably 0.3 to 2 mm.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the active center compound is selected from at least one of amines, pyridines, imidazoles, quinolines, pyrroles, indoles, carbazoles, thiazoles, thiophenes, phosphononitriles, thiols, thioethers, and phosphorus trichlorides.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the metal salt to the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.001 to 0.5, preferably 0.01 to 0.2, and can be, for example, 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, etc.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the active center compound to the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.1 to 1, preferably 0.2 to 1, and for example, it can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, etc.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the reaction temperature is 30 to 200°C, the reaction heating rate is 1 to 20°C / min, and the reaction time is 1 to 24 hours.

[0028] According to a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the reaction temperature is 40 to 180°C, the reaction heating rate is 2 to 15°C / min, and the reaction time is 2 to 20 h.

[0029] Specifically, in step (3), the reaction temperature can be 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃, 100℃, 110℃, 120℃, 130℃, 140℃, 150℃, 160℃, 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, etc.

[0030] Specifically, in step (3), the reaction heating rate can be 1℃ / min, 2℃ / min, 3℃ / min, 4℃ / min, 5℃ / min, 6℃ / min, 7℃ / min, 8℃ / min, 9℃ / min, 10℃ / min, 11℃ / min, 12℃ / min, 13℃ / min, 14℃ / min, 15℃ / min, 16℃ / min, 17℃ / min, 18℃ / min, 19℃ / min, 20℃ / min, etc.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the drying temperature is 70-150°C and the drying time is 2-48h.

[0032] According to a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the drying temperature is 90-130°C and the drying time is 4-36 hours.

[0033] A third objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing alkylene carbonates by reacting an epoxy compound with carbon dioxide, comprising reacting the epoxy compound and carbon dioxide as raw materials in the presence of the catalyst described above.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the epoxy compound is an epoxy alkane, preferably at least one of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butane oxide, and epichlorohydrin.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the catalyst to the epoxide is (0.001 to 0.5):1, preferably (0.05 to 0.3):1.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction temperature is 60–180°C and the reaction pressure is 0.1–10.0 MPa.

[0037] According to a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction temperature is 80–170°C and the reaction pressure is 1–8 MPa.

[0038] The catalyst described in this invention is a magnetic separation composite polymer organic catalytic system. This technical solution effectively solves the problems of low activity and easy loss of the catalytic system for synthesizing alkylene carbonates. It can be used in the industrial production of alkylene carbonates and has the characteristics of high catalyst activity, high selectivity, and reusability. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 The image shows the XRD pattern of catalyst S1.

[0040] Figure 2 The image shows the XPS spectrum of catalyst S1. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the content of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are all disclosed in the prior art, such as those that can be directly purchased or prepared according to the preparation methods disclosed in the prior art.

[0044] In this invention, the chlorine content is measured as follows: after the resin is burned, the combustion components are collected, and the combustion components are collected with sodium hydroxide solution and then measured by ion chromatography; the phosphorus content is measured using an elemental analyzer; and the metal oxides are measured using inductively coupled plasma method.

[0045]

Example 1

[0046] 8.7 g of ferric nitrate was dispersed in 100 ml of glycerol, and 50 g of triphenylphosphine was dissolved in 100 ml of glycerol. The two solutions were mixed and transferred to a 500 ml three-necked flask. 50 g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15 wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160 °C at a rate of 2 °C / min at 500 rpm and reacted for 12 h. After cooling, the mixture was separated, washed with deionized water, and dried overnight at 100 °C to obtain catalyst S1. The phosphorus content was 5.1%, and the iron oxide content was 3.6%. The XRD and XPS results of the obtained product are attached. Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the obtained iron oxide phase is iron(III) oxide.

[0047]

Example 2

[0048] 4.35 g of ferric nitrate was dispersed in 100 ml of glycerol, and 50 g of triphenylphosphine was dissolved in 100 ml of glycerol. The two solutions were mixed and transferred to a 500 ml three-necked flask. 50 g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15 wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160 °C at a rotation speed of 500 rpm and a heating rate of 2 °C / min. After reacting for 12 h, the mixture was cooled and separated. After washing with deionized water, it was dried overnight at 100 °C to obtain catalyst S2. The phosphorus content was 5.3%, and the iron oxide content was 1.7%.

[0049]

Example 3

[0050] 2.18 g of ferric nitrate was dispersed in 100 ml of glycerol, and 30 g of triphenylphosphine was dissolved in 100 ml of glycerol. The two solutions were mixed and transferred to a 500 ml three-necked flask. 50 g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15 wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160 °C at a rotation speed of 500 rpm and a heating rate of 5 °C / min. After reacting for 12 h, the mixture was cooled and separated. After washing with deionized water, it was dried overnight at 100 °C to obtain catalyst S3. The phosphorus content was 4.8%, and the iron oxide content was 1.2%.

[0051]

Example 4

[0052] 17g of ferric nitrate was dispersed in 100ml of glycerol, and 20g of triphenylphosphine was dissolved in 100ml of glycerol. The two solutions were mixed and transferred to a 500ml three-necked flask. 50g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, rotating at 500 rpm, and reacted for 12 hours. After cooling, the mixture was separated, washed with deionized water, and dried overnight at 100℃ to obtain catalyst S4. The phosphorus content was 4.2%, and the iron oxide content was 9.8%.

[0053]

Example 5

[0054] 10g of nickel nitrate was dispersed in 100ml of glycerol, and 50g of triphenylphosphine was dissolved in 100ml of glycerol. The two solutions were mixed and transferred to a 500ml three-necked flask. 50g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160℃ at a rotation speed of 500 rpm and a heating rate of 5℃ / min. After reacting for 12 hours, the mixture was cooled, separated, washed with deionized water, and dried overnight at 100℃ to obtain catalyst S5. The phosphorus content was 5.1%, and the nickel oxide content was 3.9%.

[0055]

Example 6

[0056] 5g of cobalt nitrate tetrahydrate was dispersed in 100ml of glycerol, and 50g of triphenylphosphine was dissolved in 100ml of glycerol. The two solutions were mixed and transferred to a 500ml three-necked flask. 50g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and reacted for 12 hours. After cooling, the mixture was separated, washed with deionized water, and dried overnight at 100℃ to obtain catalyst S6. The phosphorus content was 5.4%, and the cobalt tetroxide content was 4.7%.

[0057]

Example 7

[0058] 8.7 g of ferric nitrate was dispersed in 100 ml of glycerol, and 50 g of imidazole was dissolved in 100 ml of glycerol. The two solutions were mixed and transferred to a 500 ml three-necked flask. 50 g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15 wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160 °C at a rotation speed of 500 rpm and a heating rate of 2 °C / min. After reacting for 12 h, the mixture was cooled, separated, washed with deionized water, and dried overnight at 100 °C to obtain catalyst S7. The nitrogen content was 8.1%, and the iron oxide content was 5.2%.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] 8.7 g of ferric nitrate was dispersed in 200 ml of glycerol. The solution was transferred to a 500 ml three-necked flask, and 50 g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15 wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160 °C at a speed of 500 rpm and a heating rate of 2 °C / min. After reacting for 12 h, the mixture was cooled and separated. After washing with deionized water, it was dried overnight at 100 °C to obtain catalyst C1, in which the iron oxide content was 2.9%.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] 50g of triphenylphosphine was dissolved in 200ml of glycerol. The solution was transferred to a 500ml three-necked flask, and 50g of chloromethylstyrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160℃ at a speed of 500 rpm and a heating rate of 2℃ / min. After reacting for 12 hours, the mixture was cooled and separated. After washing with deionized water, it was dried overnight at 100℃ to obtain catalyst C2, which contained 5% phosphorus.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] 8.7 g of ferric nitrate was dispersed in 100 ml of glycerol, and 50 g of triphenylphosphine was dissolved in 100 ml of glycerol. The two solutions were mixed and transferred to a 500 ml three-necked flask. 50 g of chloromethyl styrene resin (spherical, 50-70 mesh, chlorine content 15 wt%) was added. The mixture was heated to 160 °C at a speed of 500 rpm and a heating rate of 50 °C / min. After reacting for 12 h, the mixture was cooled and separated. After washing with deionized water, the mixture was dried overnight at 100 °C to obtain catalyst C3, which contained 1.8% phosphorus and 7.8% iron oxide.

[0065]

Example 8

[0066] The catalyst sample S1 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 120 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 2.0 MPa. After reacting for 2 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 99.8% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.9%.

[0067]

Example 9

[0068] The catalyst sample S2 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 130 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 5.0 MPa. After reacting for 3 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 99.6% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.9%.

[0069]

Example 10

[0070] The catalyst sample S3 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 120 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 2.0 MPa. After reacting for 2 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 99.7% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.9%.

[0071]

Example 11

[0072] The catalyst sample S4 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 150 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 7.0 MPa. After reacting for 6 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 99.5% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.9%.

[0073]

Example 12

[0074] The catalyst sample S5 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 130 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 2.0 MPa. After reacting for 4 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 99.7% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.9%.

[0075]

Example 13

[0076] The catalyst sample S6 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 4 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 150 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 7.0 MPa. After reacting for 6 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 99.8% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.9%.

[0077]

Example 14

[0078] The catalyst sample S7 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 4 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 150 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 7.0 MPa. After 6 hours of reaction, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 99.5% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.9%.

[0079] Comparative Example 4

[0080] The catalyst sample C1 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 120 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 2.0 MPa. After reacting for 2 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 5.5% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.8%.

[0081] Comparative Example 5

[0082] The catalyst sample C2 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 120 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 2.0 MPa. After reacting for 2 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 84.5% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.9%.

[0083] Comparative Example 6

[0084] The catalyst sample C3 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 120 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 3.0 MPa. After reacting for 2 hours, the liquid sample was taken and analyzed by chromatography, and the conversion rate of ethylene oxide was 35.6% and the selectivity of ethylene carbonate was 99.8%.

[0085]

Example 15

[0086] The catalyst sample S1 prepared above was used for the reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide under the following conditions: Under inert gas protection, 35.0 g of ethylene oxide and 2 g of catalyst were added to a 200 mL autoclave, 1.0 MPa of CO2 was introduced, the temperature was raised to 120 °C, and then CO2 was introduced again to maintain the reaction pressure at 3.0 MPa. After reacting for 2 hours, a liquid sample was taken for chromatographic analysis. The catalyst after reaction was recovered by magnetic filtration and reused 5 times under the aforementioned conditions, resulting in an ethylene oxide conversion rate of 99.7% and a ethylene carbonate selectivity of 99.8%.

Claims

1. A catalyst for the synthesis of alkylene carbonates, comprising a magnetic inorganic compound and an organic polymer matrix, wherein the organic polymer matrix is ​​a functionalized chloromethyl resin matrix, the functionalized chloromethyl resin matrix being a chloromethyl resin functionalized with a nitrogen- and / or phosphorus-containing active center compound, the active center compound being selected from at least one of amines, pyridines, imidazoles, quinolines, pyrroles, indoles, carbazoles, thiazoles, phosphononitriles, and triphenylphosphine, the magnetic inorganic compound being supported on the organic polymer matrix, the magnetic inorganic compound being a magnetic metal oxide, the magnetic metal oxide being at least one of nickel oxide, iron(III) oxide, and cobalt(III) oxide, and the magnetic inorganic compound having a mass content of 0.5-20% in the catalyst.

2. The catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chloromethyl resin is at least one of chloromethyl modified polystyrene resin, chloromethyl modified polyethylene resin, chloromethyl modified carboxylic acid resin, and chloromethyl modified phenolic resin.

3. The catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic inorganic compound in the catalyst has a mass content of 1-15%; and / or, The active center compound has a nitrogen and / or phosphorus content of 2-20% in the catalyst.

4. The catalyst according to claim 3, characterized in that: The active center compound has a nitrogen and / or phosphorus content of 3-15% in the catalyst.

5. The catalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that: The active center compound has a nitrogen and / or phosphorus content of 3-10% in the catalyst.

6. A method for preparing the catalyst for the synthesis of alkylene carbonates according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: (1) Disperse the metal salt in a solvent; (2) Dissolve the active center compound in a solvent; (3) Mix the solutions obtained in steps (1) and (2), add the organic polymer matrix, and heat the mixture to carry out the reaction. The reaction heating rate is 1~20℃ / min. (4) The catalyst is obtained by filtration, washing and drying.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In steps (1) and (2), the solvent is at least one selected from methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, butanol, and pentanol; and / or, The metal salt is at least one of the sulfates, nitrates, or halides of iron, cobalt, and nickel; and / or, The organic polymer matrix is ​​chloromethyl resin; and / or The organic polymer matrix is ​​spherical; and / or The organic polymer matrix contains more than 5 wt% chlorine; and / or, The particle size of the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.1~3 mm.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The organic polymer matrix contains 7-25 wt% chlorine; and / or, The particle size of the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.3~2mm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the metal salt to the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.001~0.5; and / or, The mass ratio of the active center compound to the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.1 to 1.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the metal salt to the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.01~0.2; and / or, The mass ratio of the active center compound to the organic polymer matrix is ​​0.2 to 1.

11. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (3), the reaction temperature is 30~200℃, and the reaction time is 1~24h; and / or, In step (4), the drying temperature is 70~150℃ and the drying time is 2~48h.

12. The preparation method according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step (3), the reaction temperature is 40~180℃, the reaction heating rate is 2~15℃ / min, and the reaction time is 2~20h; and / or, In step (4), the drying temperature is 90~130℃ and the drying time is 4~36h.

13. A method for preparing alkylene carbonate by reacting an epoxy compound with carbon dioxide, comprising reacting the epoxy compound and carbon dioxide as raw materials in the presence of the catalyst described in any one of claims 1 to 5 or the catalyst obtained by the preparation method described in any one of claims 6 to 12.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The epoxy compound is an alkylene oxide; and / or, The mass ratio of the catalyst to the epoxide is (0.001~0.5):

1.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The epoxy compound is at least one selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, epibutylene oxide, and epichlorohydrin; and / or, The mass ratio of the catalyst to the epoxide is (0.05~0.3):

1.

16. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The reaction temperature is 60~180 °C, and the reaction pressure is 0.1~10 MPa.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that: The reaction temperature is 80~170℃ and the reaction pressure is 1~8 MPa.

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