External grinding and polishing method and external grinding and polishing apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of outer circle grinding and polishing method and outer circle grinding and polishing equipment, belong to polishing equipment technical field, method includes driving circular workpiece horizontal rotation;Main polishing grinder is polished and grinded from one end of circular workpiece to the other end, roughness detection is carried out to the area that has been polished and grinded;Supplementary polishing machine is carried out to the area that has been polished and grinded roughness greater than preset value Supplementary polishing, roughness detection is carried out in Supplementary polishing process, until below preset value.Equipment includes support roller seat, main polishing grinder and supplementary polishing machine;Support roller seat is equipped with support counter roll, and main polishing grinder and supplementary polishing machine are separately arranged at the two sides of support roller seat;Main polishing grinder and supplementary polishing machine all include guide rail, roughness detector, positioning device, polishing mechanism and moving mechanism.Through in one-way main polishing process of main polishing grinder, the area that has been polished and grinded is detected in real time, and the area that does not meet the standard of polishing and grinding is supplemented and polished, without repeated processing, save processing length, improve processing efficiency, reduce the waste of abrasive, energy and other resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polishing equipment technology, and in particular to an external cylindrical polishing method and external cylindrical polishing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, external polishing of round workpieces such as tubes and cylinders is a common processing procedure. External cylindrical polishing equipment typically uses the rotation of the round workpiece while the polishing device moves along the workpiece's axial direction. However, due to factors such as abrasive wear and equipment vibration, certain areas on the workpiece surface may not be polished thoroughly during the polishing process, affecting surface quality. To ensure uniform polishing, bidirectional polishing is usually required, meaning the polishing device moves from the first end to the last end of the workpiece once, and then from the last end to the first end again. However, bidirectional polishing means that areas that have already met the requirements are also repeatedly processed, lacking specificity. This is not only time-consuming and inefficient, but also wastes resources such as abrasive and energy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide an external cylindrical grinding and polishing method and equipment. By performing unidirectional main polishing in the main polishing machine, the polished area is detected in real time, and the areas that do not meet the polishing standards are polished in a targeted manner. The areas that meet the standards will not be processed repeatedly, thereby saving processing time, improving processing efficiency, and reducing the waste of abrasive, energy and other resources.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses an external cylindrical grinding and polishing method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Drive the circular workpiece to rotate horizontally around its own central axis;

[0006] The main polishing machine polishes the round workpiece from one end to the other, while simultaneously inspecting the roughness of the polished area.

[0007] The auxiliary polishing mill performs additional polishing on the already polished areas with roughness greater than the preset value. During the additional polishing process, the roughness of the additional polished areas is detected until the roughness of the additional polished areas reaches below the preset value.

[0008] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps:

[0009] During the polishing process of the main polishing machine, the polishing speed, moving speed and / or rotation speed of the round workpiece are adjusted according to the difference between the roughness and the preset value.

[0010] A cylindrical grinding and polishing device is also disclosed, including a support roller seat, a main polishing machine, and an auxiliary polishing machine. The support roller seat is equipped with a driving mechanism and a pair of support rollers for supporting the outer cylindrical surface of a circular workpiece. The support rollers rotate through the driving mechanism, and the rotation axis of the support rollers is horizontally set. The main polishing machine and the auxiliary polishing machine are respectively located on both sides of the support roller seat. Both the main polishing machine and the auxiliary polishing machine include a guide rail, a roughness detector, a positioning device, a polishing mechanism movably set on the guide rail, and a moving mechanism for driving the polishing mechanism to move. The extension direction of the guide rail is parallel to the rotation axis direction of the support rollers. The roughness detector of the main polishing machine is located behind the working forward direction of the polishing mechanism of the main polishing machine. The positioning device of the main polishing machine is used to position the detection area of ​​the roughness detector of the main polishing machine. The positioning device of the auxiliary polishing machine is used to position the polishing mechanism of the auxiliary polishing machine. The roughness detector of the auxiliary polishing machine is used to detect the area being polished.

[0011] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a traveling carriage mounted on the guide rail and a traveling mechanism for driving the traveling carriage to move, the polishing mechanism is mounted on the traveling carriage, and the traveling mechanism is a drive belt or a drive chain.

[0012] Preferably, the polishing mechanism includes a polishing belt and an angle adjustment mechanism, wherein the fixed part of the angle adjustment mechanism is mounted on the traveling vehicle, and the polishing belt is mounted on the adjustment part of the angle adjustment mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the polishing belt includes a belt body and a U-shaped frame. The opening of the U-shaped frame faces the support roller seat. The web of the U-shaped frame is provided with an active sanding wheel. The two arms of the U-shaped frame are arranged vertically. Each of the two arms of the U-shaped frame is provided with a driven sanding wheel. The belt body is sleeved on the active sanding wheel and the driven sanding wheel.

[0014] Preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment base, a hinge rod, and an adjustment telescopic cylinder. The adjustment base has an inclined top that is inclined toward the support roller seat. The hinge rod is attached to and fixed on the inclined top. One end of the hinge rod is hinged to the end of the lower support arm of the U-shaped frame near the opening. The other end of the hinge rod is hinged to the cylinder body of the adjustment telescopic cylinder. The piston of the adjustment telescopic cylinder is hinged to the end of the lower support arm of the U-shaped frame near the web plate.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the U-shaped frame's support arm near the web is hinged to the web of the U-shaped frame. The web of the U-shaped frame is provided with an installation rod, and the installation rod is provided with a tensioning and telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body of the tensioning and telescopic cylinder is hinged to the installation rod, and the piston of the tensioning and telescopic cylinder is hinged to the upper support arm of the U-shaped frame.

[0016] Preferably, the positioning device includes a laser emitter and a grating ruler mounted on the guide rail. The laser emitter and roughness detector of the main polishing machine are arranged vertically and located on the same vertical center line. The laser emitter, roughness detector, and sanding belt body of the auxiliary polishing machine are located on the same vertical center plane. The laser emitter and non-contact roughness detector of the auxiliary polishing machine are mounted on the adjustment base.

[0017] Preferably, the system also includes a secondary polishing machine, which includes a positioning device, a canvas belt polishing mechanism, and a traveling mechanism. The canvas belt polishing mechanism is mounted on the guide rail of the main polishing machine. The traveling mechanism is used to drive the canvas belt polishing mechanism to move, and the positioning device is used to position the canvas belt polishing mechanism.

[0018] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0019] In this invention, the polished area is detected in real time during the unidirectional polishing process of the main polishing mill, and then the areas that do not meet the polishing standards are polished in a targeted manner. There is no need for bidirectional polishing, and the areas that have met the requirements do not need to be processed again, thereby saving processing time, improving processing efficiency, and reducing the waste of abrasive, energy and other resources. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained by analyzing these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment (without a grating ruler) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment (without a grating ruler) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment (including the secondary polishing mill) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Support roller seat; 2. Support roller pair; 3. Main guide rail; 4. Main roughness measuring instrument; 5. Main polishing mechanism; 6. Main grating ruler; 7. Main laser emitter; 8. Auxiliary rail; 9. Auxiliary roughness measuring instrument; 10. Auxiliary polishing mechanism; 11. Auxiliary grating ruler; 12. Auxiliary laser emitter; 13. Traveling carriage; 14. Traveling wheel; 15. Chain; 16. Sprocket; 17. Drive motor; 18. Sanding belt body; 19. U-shaped frame; 20. Adjusting base; 21. Hinge rod; 22. Adjusting telescopic cylinder; 23. Mounting rod; 24. Tensioning telescopic cylinder; 25. Active sanding belt wheel; 26. Driven sanding belt wheel; 27. Round workpiece; 28. Canvas belt polishing mechanism; 29. ​​Secondary laser emitter. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments analyzed and obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of this invention is to provide an external cylindrical grinding and polishing method and equipment. By performing unidirectional main grinding in the main grinding machine, the ground area is detected in real time, and then the areas that do not meet the grinding standards are targeted for supplementary grinding. There is no need for bidirectional grinding, and the areas that have met the requirements do not need to be processed again, thereby saving processing time, improving processing efficiency, and reducing the waste of abrasive, energy and other resources.

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a method for external cylindrical grinding and polishing, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0034] Drive the circular workpiece 27 (circular tube or cylinder) to rotate horizontally around its own central axis;

[0035] The main polishing machine polishes the round workpiece 27 from one end to the other, while simultaneously inspecting the roughness of the polished area.

[0036] The auxiliary polishing mill performs additional polishing on the already polished areas with roughness greater than the preset value. During the additional polishing process, the roughness of the additional polished area is detected until the roughness of the additional polished area reaches or falls below the preset value (including the preset value).

[0037] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it also includes the following steps:

[0038] Based on the difference between the roughness and the preset value during the polishing process of the main polishing machine, adjust the polishing speed of the main polishing machine, the moving speed of the main polishing machine, and / or the rotation speed of the round workpiece 27.

[0039] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it also includes the following steps:

[0040] Based on the difference between the roughness and the preset value during the polishing process of the auxiliary polishing machine, the polishing speed of the auxiliary polishing machine is adjusted as needed.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This embodiment provides an external cylindrical grinding and polishing device, which can be used in the external cylindrical grinding and polishing method of Embodiment 1, and can also be applied to other external cylindrical grinding and polishing methods, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the system includes a support roller seat 1, a main polishing mill, and an auxiliary polishing mill. The support roller seat 1 is equipped with a drive mechanism and support rollers 2. The rotation axis of the support rollers 2 is horizontally positioned. The outer surface of a circular workpiece 27 is placed on the support rollers 2, making the circular workpiece 27 horizontal overall. The central axis of the circular workpiece 27 is parallel to the rotation axis of the support rollers 2. The drive mechanism drives each roller in the support rollers 2 to rotate, causing the circular workpiece 27 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around its own central axis. The number of support roller seats 1 and support rollers 2 can be set as needed. For example, one support roller seat 1 can be provided, with one or more sets of support rollers 2 on it. Each set of support rollers 2 includes two rollers for supporting the circular workpiece 27. Alternatively, two or more support roller seats 1 can be provided, with at least one set of support rollers 2 on each support roller seat 1, and each set of support rollers 2 includes two rollers.

[0043] The main polishing machine and the auxiliary polishing machine are located on opposite sides of the support roller seat 1. The main polishing machine includes a main guide rail 3, a main roughness detector 4, a main positioning device, a main polishing mechanism 5, and a main moving mechanism. The main guide rail 3 extends parallel to the rotation axis of the support rollers 2. The main polishing mechanism 5 is movably mounted on the main guide rail 3, and the main moving mechanism drives the main polishing mechanism 5 to move. The main roughness detector 4 is located behind the main polishing mechanism 5 in its working forward direction, and the main positioning device is used to position the detection area of ​​the main roughness detector 4. The auxiliary polishing machine includes a guide rail 8, an auxiliary roughness detector 9, an auxiliary positioning device, an auxiliary polishing mechanism 10, and an auxiliary moving mechanism. The guide rail 8 extends parallel to the rotation axis of the support rollers 2. The auxiliary polishing mechanism 10 is movably mounted on the guide rail 8, and the auxiliary moving mechanism drives the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10 to move. The auxiliary positioning device is used to position the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10, and the auxiliary roughness detector 9 is used to detect the area being polished.

[0044] Working principle:

[0045] First, place the round workpiece 27 on the support roller 2, start the drive mechanism to make the support roller 2 rotate, so as to drive the round workpiece 27 to rotate.

[0046] Then, the main polishing machine is started, and the main polishing mechanism 5 moves from one end of the main guide rail 3 to the other end, thereby realizing the polishing from one end of the round workpiece 27 to the other end. During the movement of the main polishing mechanism 5, the main roughness detector 4 will perform roughness detection on the polished area. When the main roughness detector 4 finds that the roughness of the polished area is greater than the preset roughness value, the main positioning device will position the area.

[0047] Then, the auxiliary polishing machine is started. According to the position information of the auxiliary positioning device and the area positioned by the main positioning device, the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10 moves to the area positioned by the main positioning device and performs additional polishing on the polished area with roughness greater than the preset value. During the additional polishing process, the auxiliary roughness detector 9 will perform roughness detection on the area being polished until the additional polishing reaches below the preset value (including the preset value), at which point the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10 stops the additional polishing.

[0048] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the drive mechanism includes a rotary motor and a reduction gear. The rotary motor is connected to each roller of the support roller 2 via the reduction gear to drive each roller to rotate individually. The drive mechanism can be installed inside or outside the support roller seat 1, depending on the requirements.

[0049] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the moving mechanism includes a traveling carriage 13 and a traveling mechanism. Traveling carriages 13 are mounted on both the main guide rail 3 and the auxiliary guide rail 8, and are moved by the traveling mechanism. The main polishing mechanism 5 is mounted on the traveling carriage 13 on the main guide rail 3, and the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10 is mounted on the traveling carriage 13 on the auxiliary guide rail 8. The traveling mechanism is a drive belt or a drive chain. The drive chain includes a chain 15, a drive shaft, sprockets 16, and a drive motor 17. Two drive shafts are located between the two single rails of the guide rail, at opposite ends of the guide rail. Each drive shaft has two sprockets 16. Two chains 15 are fitted onto the sprockets 16 of the two drive shafts, and are parallel to each other. The bottom of the traveling carriage 13 is fixedly connected to the two chains 15. The output shaft of the drive motor 17 is coaxially fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The drive motor 17 is mounted on the guide rail. Rotation of the output shaft of the drive motor 17 drives the chains 15 to move, thus realizing the movement of the traveling carriage 13. The drive belt includes a belt, a drive shaft, pulleys, and a belt motor. The setup is roughly the same as that of a drive chain, so we will not go into details here.

[0050] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the guide rail is mainly made of two channel steels with their grooves facing each other. The grooves of the two channel steels are welded together by steel components. The traveling vehicle 13 is equipped with traveling wheels 14. Each traveling wheel 14 includes a set of two wheels arranged vertically. The upper and lower wheels are clamped on the upper and lower surfaces of the upper flange plate of the channel steel, ensuring that the traveling wheels 14 will not detach from the flange plate during travel, so that the traveling vehicle 13 will not detach from the guide rail.

[0051] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, both the main polishing mechanism 5 and the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10 include a polishing belt and an angle adjustment mechanism. The fixed part of the angle adjustment mechanism is mounted on the traveling carriage 13, and the polishing belt is mounted on the adjustment part of the angle adjustment mechanism. Compared with polishing wheels, the polishing belt can be used for polishing the outer walls of large and small diameter round steel or round pipes, while polishing wheels can only be used for small diameter round steel or round pipes. The angle of the polishing belt can be adjusted by the angle adjustment mechanism to determine whether the polishing belt contacts the round workpiece 27 and the depth of contact.

[0052] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the polishing belt includes a belt body 18 and a U-shaped frame 19. The opening of the U-shaped frame 19 faces the support roller seat 1. The web of the U-shaped frame 19 is provided with a driving sanding belt wheel 25. The two arms of the U-shaped frame 19 are arranged vertically. Each of the two arms of the U-shaped frame 19 is provided with a driven sanding belt wheel 26. The driving sanding belt wheel 25 and the two driven sanding belt wheels 26 are arranged along the three endpoints of a triangle. The belt body 18 is sleeved on the driving sanding belt wheel 25 and the two driven sanding belt wheels 26 to form a triangular shape.

[0053] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment base 20, a hinge rod 21, and an adjustment telescopic cylinder 22. The adjustment base 20 has an inclined top that is inclined toward the support roller seat 1. The hinge rod 21 is attached to and fixed on the inclined top, so that the hinge rod 21 is also inclined toward the support roller seat 1.

[0054] One end of the hinge rod 21 is hinged to the lower end of the support arm of the U-shaped frame 19 near the opening, and the other end of the hinge rod 21 is hinged to the cylinder body of the adjusting telescopic cylinder 22. The piston of the adjusting telescopic cylinder 22 is hinged to the lower end of the support arm of the U-shaped frame 19 near the web. The extension and retraction of the piston of the adjusting telescopic cylinder 22 allows the U-shaped frame 19 to rotate around the end hinged to the hinge rod 21, thereby achieving angle adjustment. The adjusting telescopic cylinder 22 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0055] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the upper support arm of the U-shaped frame 19 is hinged to the web of the U-shaped frame 19 at one end near the web. A mounting rod 23 is provided on the web of the U-shaped frame 19, and a tensioning cylinder 24 is mounted on the mounting rod 23. The cylinder body of the tensioning cylinder 24 is hinged to the mounting rod 23, and the piston of the tensioning cylinder 24 is hinged to the upper support arm of the U-shaped frame 19. When the piston of the tensioning cylinder 24 extends, it can lift the upper support arm of the U-shaped frame 19, thereby lifting the driven sanding belt pulley 26 located above, causing the sanding belt body 18 to tighten. Conversely, when the piston of the tensioning cylinder 24 retracts, the sanding belt body 18 becomes loose.

[0056] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the roughness measuring instrument is a non-contact roughness measuring instrument. For example, both the main roughness measuring instrument 4 and the auxiliary roughness measuring instrument 9 are laser-type roughness measuring instruments, and the dotted line in the figure represents the laser beam.

[0057] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the main positioning device includes a main grating ruler 6 and a main laser emitter 7, with the main grating ruler 6 mounted on the main guide rail 3. The main laser emitter 7 and the main roughness detector 4 are arranged vertically and located on the same vertical center line. The main laser emitter 7 projects a laser beam onto the main grating ruler 6 in real time to position the detection area of ​​the main roughness detector 4. The auxiliary positioning device includes an auxiliary grating ruler 11 and an auxiliary laser emitter 12, with the auxiliary grating ruler 11 mounted on the auxiliary guide rail 8. The auxiliary laser emitter 12, the auxiliary roughness detector 9, and the abrasive belt body 18 are located on the same vertical center plane to position the abrasive belt body 18. The auxiliary roughness detector 9 performs real-time detection of the roughness of the area of ​​the abrasive belt body 18 being polished. The auxiliary laser emitter 12 and the auxiliary roughness detector 9 are mounted on the adjustment base 20.

[0058] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, it also includes a control device, which coordinates and regulates the aforementioned devices and components to achieve automatic polishing, positioning, and supplementary polishing. The control device can pre-input the moving speed and polishing speed of the main polishing mechanism 5. The control device receives and records the positioning information from the main positioning device, and then drives the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10 to move based on the positioning information from the auxiliary positioning device. Simultaneously, it adjusts the moving speed and polishing speed of the main polishing mechanism 5, the rotational speed of the supporting rollers 2, and the polishing speed of the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10, etc., based on the detection values ​​from the main roughness detector 4 and the auxiliary roughness detector 9. The control device may employ a PLC controller.

[0059] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the abrasive belt body 18 can be flexibly disassembled for replacement and maintenance. Abrasive belt bodies 18 with different mesh sizes can also be used depending on the polishing requirements, but it should be noted that the mesh size of the abrasive belt body 18 of the auxiliary polishing mechanism 10 is not lower than that of the abrasive belt of the main polishing mechanism 5.

[0060] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it also includes a secondary polishing machine, which includes a positioning device, a canvas belt polishing mechanism 28, and a traveling mechanism. The canvas belt polishing mechanism 28 is mounted on the main guide rail 3. The traveling mechanism is used to drive the canvas belt polishing mechanism 28 to move along the main guide rail 3. The positioning device is used to position the canvas belt polishing mechanism 28. The canvas belt polishing mechanism 28 can remove residual powder from the outer surface of the circular workpiece 27 after polishing. The secondary polishing machine is also controlled by a control device. When the circular workpiece 27 is made of metal, after polishing, the outer surface of the circular workpiece 27 will be covered with tiny particles of dust generated by the polishing residue. This dust will be embedded in the metal surface, but it is not visible to the naked eye. If it is not cleaned in time, it is extremely easy to rust when it is damp, which is caused by electrochemical corrosion. However, after being wiped away by the canvas belt polishing mechanism 28, the effect of the floating dust in the air is negligible.

[0061] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the traveling mechanism includes a traveling carriage 13, which is driven by a drive belt or drive chain. The canvas belt polishing mechanism 28 is mounted on the traveling carriage 13, which is positioned on the main guide rail 3 and located behind the main polishing mechanism 5 in the working direction of travel. The drive belt or drive chain is used. For example, the drive chain includes a chain 15, a drive shaft, a sprocket 16, and a drive motor 17. The drive chain used by the canvas belt polishing mechanism 28 is a separate set from the drive chain of the main polishing mechanism 5.

[0062] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the canvas belt polishing mechanism 28 includes a polishing belt and an angle adjustment mechanism. The polishing belt includes a belt body 18 and a U-shaped frame 19. The belt body 18 is a canvas belt. The opening of the U-shaped frame 19 faces the support roller seat 1. The web of the U-shaped frame 19 is provided with a driving sanding wheel 25. The two arms of the U-shaped frame 19 are arranged vertically, and each of the two arms of the U-shaped frame 19 is provided with a driven sanding wheel 26. The driving sanding wheel 25 and the two driven sanding wheels 26 are arranged along the three endpoints of a triangle. The belt body 18 is sleeved on the driving sanding wheel 25 and the two driven sanding wheels 26 to form a triangular shape. The angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment base 20, a hinge rod 21, and an adjustment telescopic cylinder 22. The adjustment base 20 has an inclined top that is inclined towards the support roller seat 1. The hinge rod 21 is attached to and fixed on the inclined top, so that the hinge rod 21 is also inclined towards the support roller seat 1. One end of the hinge rod 21 is hinged to the lower end of the support arm of the U-shaped frame 19 near the opening, and the other end of the hinge rod 21 is hinged to the cylinder body of the adjusting telescopic cylinder 22. The piston of the adjusting telescopic cylinder 22 is hinged to the lower end of the support arm of the U-shaped frame 19 near the web. The extension and retraction of the piston of the adjusting telescopic cylinder 22 allows the U-shaped frame 19 to rotate around the end hinged to the hinge rod 21, thereby achieving angle adjustment. The adjusting telescopic cylinder 22 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder. The upper end of the support arm of the U-shaped frame 19 near the web is hinged to the web of the U-shaped frame 19. The web of the U-shaped frame 19 is provided with a mounting rod 23, and a tensioning telescopic cylinder 24 is provided on the mounting rod 23. The cylinder body of the tensioning telescopic cylinder 24 is hinged to the mounting rod 23, and the piston of the tensioning telescopic cylinder 24 is hinged to the upper support arm of the U-shaped frame 19. When the piston of the tensioning cylinder 24 extends, it can lift the upper support arm of the U-shaped frame 19, thereby lifting the upper driven sanding belt wheel 26 and tightening the sanding belt body 18. Conversely, when the piston of the tensioning cylinder 24 retracts, the sanding belt body 18 becomes loose.

[0063] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the positioning device includes a secondary laser emitter 29, which is mounted on the adjustment base 20 and is used to emit laser light to the main grating ruler 6. The secondary laser emitter 29 and the sanding belt body 18 of the canvas belt polishing mechanism 28 are located on the same vertical center plane to position the sanding belt body 18.

[0064] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for grinding and polishing external cylindrical surfaces, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Drive the circular workpiece to rotate horizontally around its own central axis; The main polishing machine polishes the round workpiece from one end to the other, while simultaneously inspecting the roughness of the polished area. The auxiliary polishing mill performs additional polishing on the already polished areas with roughness greater than the preset value. During the additional polishing process, the roughness of the additional polishing area is detected until the roughness of the additional polishing area reaches below the preset value. The main polishing mill does not require bidirectional polishing.

2. The external cylindrical grinding and polishing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: During the polishing process of the main polishing machine, the polishing speed, moving speed and / or rotation speed of the round workpiece are adjusted according to the difference between the roughness and the preset value.

3. An external cylindrical grinding and polishing device, characterized in that, The external cylindrical polishing method described in claim 1 or 2 includes a support roller base, a main polishing machine, and an auxiliary polishing machine. The support roller base is equipped with a driving mechanism and a pair of support rollers for supporting the outer cylindrical surface of a circular workpiece. The support rollers rotate via the driving mechanism, and their rotation axes are horizontally aligned. The main polishing machine and the auxiliary polishing machine are located on opposite sides of the support roller base. Both the main polishing machine and the auxiliary polishing machine include a guide rail, a roughness detector, a positioning device, a polishing mechanism movably mounted on the guide rail, and a moving mechanism for driving the polishing mechanism. The extension direction of the guide rail is parallel to the rotation axis of the support rollers. The roughness detector of the main polishing machine is located behind the working direction of the polishing mechanism of the main polishing machine. The positioning device of the main polishing machine is used to position the detection area of ​​the roughness detector. The positioning device of the auxiliary polishing machine is used to position the polishing mechanism of the auxiliary polishing machine. The roughness detector of the auxiliary polishing machine is used to detect areas currently being polished.

4. The external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The moving mechanism includes a traveling carriage mounted on the guide rail and a traveling mechanism for driving the traveling carriage to move. The polishing mechanism is mounted on the traveling carriage, and the traveling mechanism is a drive belt or a drive chain.

5. The external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The polishing mechanism includes a polishing belt and an angle adjustment mechanism. The fixed part of the angle adjustment mechanism is mounted on the traveling vehicle, and the polishing belt is mounted on the adjustment part of the angle adjustment mechanism.

6. The external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The polishing belt includes a belt body and a U-shaped frame. The opening of the U-shaped frame faces the support roller seat. The web of the U-shaped frame is provided with an active sanding belt wheel. The two arms of the U-shaped frame are arranged vertically. Each of the two arms of the U-shaped frame is provided with a driven sanding belt wheel. The belt body is sleeved on the active sanding belt wheel and the driven sanding belt wheel.

7. The external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment base, a hinge rod, and an adjustment telescopic cylinder. The adjustment base has an inclined top that is inclined toward the support roller seat. The hinge rod is attached to and fixed on the inclined top. One end of the hinge rod is hinged to the end of the lower support arm of the U-shaped frame near the opening. The other end of the hinge rod is hinged to the cylinder body of the adjustment telescopic cylinder. The piston of the adjustment telescopic cylinder is hinged to the end of the lower support arm of the U-shaped frame near the web plate.

8. The external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper support arm of the U-shaped frame is hinged to the web of the U-shaped frame at one end near the web plate. The web plate of the U-shaped frame is provided with a mounting rod, and a tensioning and telescopic cylinder is provided on the mounting rod. The cylinder body of the tensioning and telescopic cylinder is hinged to the mounting rod, and the piston of the tensioning and telescopic cylinder is hinged to the upper support arm of the U-shaped frame.

9. The external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The positioning device includes a laser emitter and a grating ruler mounted on the guide rail. The laser emitter and roughness detector of the main polishing machine are arranged vertically and located on the same vertical center line. The laser emitter, roughness detector, and sanding belt body of the auxiliary polishing machine are located on the same vertical center plane. The laser emitter and non-contact roughness detector of the auxiliary polishing machine are mounted on the adjustment base.

10. The external cylindrical grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a secondary polishing machine, which includes a positioning device, a canvas belt polishing mechanism, and a traveling mechanism. The canvas belt polishing mechanism is mounted on the guide rail of the main polishing machine. The traveling mechanism is used to drive the canvas belt polishing mechanism to move. The positioning device is used to position the canvas belt polishing mechanism.

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