Extruder heat insulation barrel for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics

Abstract

The invention discloses an extruder heat insulation barrel for waste plastic high-temperature recycling, and relates to the technical field of extruders, the extruder heat insulation barrel comprises an extruder body, a charging barrel is assembled at the output end of the extruder body, the exterior of the charging barrel is rotationally connected with a heat insulation barrel through a bearing, and the extruder heat insulation barrel further comprises a driving mechanism installed on the extruder body; and a heat exchange mechanism is assembled in the heat insulation barrel. Cooling liquid is injected into the cavity defined by the heat insulation barrel and the corrugated pipe, the telescopic length of the corrugated pipe is changed, so that cavities defined by the corrugated pipe and the heat insulation barrel are different in size, the contact areas between the cavities and the charging barrel are different, the heat exchange duration between the charging barrel and the barrel body and water can be controlled, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. And when the temperature of the cylinder body is higher than 300 DEG C, the temperature of the cylinder body close to the material inlet of the cylinder body is controlled to be 50 DEG C, so that the material is not adhered to the material passing opening any more, and the use of an auxiliary agent is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field related to extruders, and in particular to an extruder heat-insulating barrel for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics. Background Art

[0002] The extruders used for high-temperature recycling and reuse of waste plastics mainly include single-screw extruders and twin-screw extruders; the single-screw extruder is mainly composed of an Archimedean screw rotating in a heated barrel, and its structure includes a transmission device, a feeding device, a barrel and a screw.

[0003] The screw is driven to rotate by the transmission device, and the waste plastic is fed into the barrel from the feeding device. When the screw rotates in the barrel, the waste plastic is pushed forward and heated and melted to form a uniform melt. Under the continuous extrusion action of the screw, the melt is extruded through the mold.

[0004] However, the production of plastics by plastic extruders requires processing under the temperature conditions required by the materials. Different plastics require different temperatures, and some materials require temperatures above 300°C. During blending and modification production or profile processing, the materials entering and exiting the machine include plastics and additives. The allowable temperature of additives is much lower than that of plastics, causing some plastics or additives to easily adhere to the feed port when entering the extruder. Therefore, it is necessary to design an insulating cylinder that can effectively control the temperature of the cylinder above 300°C at 50°C at the feed port next to the cylinder, so that the material will no longer adhere to the feed port, ensuring the use of additives. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the temperature at the feed inlet of the barrel is controlled at 50°C so that the material does not stick to the feed outlet, and to propose an extruder insulation barrel for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technology: an insulated cylinder of an extruder for high-temperature recycling and reuse of waste plastics, including an extruder body, a barrel is equipped at the output end of the extruder body, the outside of the barrel is rotatably connected to the insulated cylinder through a bearing, and also includes a driving mechanism installed on the extruder body, and a heat exchange mechanism is installed inside the insulated cylinder.

[0007] As a further description of the above technology for the extruder insulation barrel for high temperature recycling of waste plastics:

[0008] The heat exchange mechanism includes a limit plate threadedly connected to one end of the heat insulation cylinder, one side of the limit plate is rotatably connected to the spur gear included in the drive mechanism through a bearing, and the heat exchange mechanism includes a bellows fixed to one side of the limit plate.

[0009] As a further description of the above technology for the extruder insulation barrel for high temperature recycling of waste plastics:

[0010] The heat exchange mechanism also includes a connecting piece fixedly installed at one end of the bellows, a bolt is threadedly connected to the connecting piece, and a sliding groove matching the connecting piece is provided on the heat insulation cylinder.

[0011] As a further description of the above technology for the extruder insulation barrel for high temperature recycling of waste plastics:

[0012] A set of spoilers is fixedly mounted on one side of the spur gear, and two of the spoilers are located in the chamber between the barrel and the bellows.

[0013] As a further description of the above technology for the extruder insulation barrel for high temperature recycling of waste plastics:

[0014] One end of the chamber surrounded by the barrel and the bellows is connected with an external water pipe penetrating therethrough.

[0015] As a further description of the above technology for the extruder insulation barrel for high temperature recycling of waste plastics:

[0016] The driving mechanism comprises a motor fixed on the extruder body, and a transmission gear matching the spur gear is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor.

[0017] As a further description of the above technology for the extruder insulation barrel for high temperature recycling of waste plastics:

[0018] A cleaning assembly is provided on the side of the spur gear away from the limiting plate. The cleaning assembly includes a transmission plate fixed on the spur gear. A first sleeve and a second sleeve sliding against each other are fixed at one end of the transmission plate. The second sleeve is elastically installed in the first sleeve.

[0019] As a further description of the above technology for the extruder insulation cylinder for high-temperature recycling and reuse of waste plastics: the outer side of the insulation cylinder (13) is provided with a heat-resistant baffle plate (60), and a coating coated with thermal conductive silicone is provided between the insulation cylinder (13) and the heat-resistant baffle plate (60).

[0020] As a further description of the above technology for the extruder insulation barrel for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics: the heat-resistant baffle plate (60) is located at any one of the two positions of the extruder head position or the feed end position of the hopper (14).

[0021] In summary, due to the use of the above technology for the heat-insulated cylinder of the extruder for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. By injecting coolant into the cavity surrounded by the heat-insulating cylinder and the bellows, and changing the length of the bellows expansion and contraction, the size of the chamber surrounded by the bellows and the heat-insulating cylinder is made different, so that the contact area between the chamber and the barrel is different, and then the heat exchange time between the barrel and the water can be controlled, so that the cooling rate of the barrel can be changed. For a barrel above 300℃, the temperature at the feed port next to the barrel is controlled at 50℃, so that the material will no longer stick to the feed port, ensuring the use of additives;

[0023] 2. The heat-resistance baffle plate cooperates with the heat-insulating cylinder so that the heat-resistance baffle plate can unload the temperature of the part of the extrusion head where the heat-insulating cylinder is displaced, so that the extruded material can be more stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of the heat resistance baffle plate provided in the embodiment of the present invention being located at the head of the extruder is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the heat insulation cylinder structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bellows provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a limiting plate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 A main cross-sectional view of a first cylinder structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 7 An overall schematic diagram showing a heat-resistance baffle plate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention located at the feed end of a hopper portion is shown.

[0031] Legend:

[0032] 10. Extruder body; 12. Cylinder; 13. Insulated cylinder; 14. Hopper;

[0033] 20. driving mechanism; 21. motor; 22. transmission gear; 23. spur gear;

[0034] 40. heat exchange mechanism; 41. slide groove; 42. bellows; 43. connector; 44. limit plate; 45. spoiler;

[0035] 50. cleaning assembly; 51. transmission plate; 52. first sleeve; 53. second sleeve; 54. spring;

[0036] 60. Heat-resistant barrier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technology in the embodiments of the present invention for the extruder insulation cylinder for high-temperature recycling and reuse of waste plastics. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides: an extruder heat-insulated barrel for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics, including an extruder body 10, the output end of which is equipped with a barrel 12, and the screw is driven to rotate by a transmission device to feed the waste plastics from the feeding device into the barrel 12. When the screw rotates in the barrel 12, the waste plastics are pushed forward and heated and melted to form a uniform melt. Under the continuous extrusion action of the screw, the melt is extruded through a mold.

[0039] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, in further detail, the outside of the barrel 12 is rotatably connected to the heat-insulating cylinder 13 through a bearing, and also includes a driving mechanism 20 installed on the extruder body 10, and the heat-insulating cylinder 13 is equipped with a heat exchange mechanism 40; the heat exchange mechanism 40 includes a limit plate 44 threadedly connected to one end of the heat-insulating cylinder 13, and one side of the limit plate 44 is rotatably connected to the spur gear 23 included in the driving mechanism 20 through a bearing, so that the spur gear 23 can rotate around the limit plate 44;

[0040] The heat exchange mechanism 40 includes a bellows 42 fixed to one side of a limit plate 44. The heat exchange mechanism 40 also includes a connector 43 fixedly mounted on one end of the bellows 42, a bolt is threadedly connected to the connector 43, and a slide groove 41 matching the connector 43 is provided on the heat insulation cylinder 13. The slide groove 41 and the connector 43 provide a sliding space to facilitate the sliding of the connector 43, and the bolt is rotated to squeeze the heat insulation cylinder 13, so that the connector 43 is firmly fixed in an appropriate position, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the position of the bellows 42.

[0041] The heat-insulating cylinder 13 is provided with a heat-resistance baffle 60, which is a component with a high-efficiency heat-resistance baffle function. It can effectively block the conduction, convection and radiation of heat, and thus plays a key role in an environment where precise temperature control is required. Figure 1As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the heat-resistance baffle plate 60 is located at the head of the extruder. It can avoid excessively high temperatures from causing damage to the extruder head and its surrounding components, and reduce the accelerated aging and wear of the equipment. The heat-resistance baffle plate 60 can effectively reduce the temperature of the surrounding components of the extruder head, and reduce the deformation and damage of components caused by factors such as thermal expansion and thermal fatigue. Therefore, a stable temperature environment is crucial to the quality of plastic products.

[0042] like Figure 7 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the heat-resistance baffle plate 60 is located at the feed port of the hopper 14, it can avoid excessive temperature from damaging the heat-insulating sleeve 13 and its surrounding components, and reduce the aging and wear of the accelerated equipment.

[0043] The heat-resistance baffle plate 60 ensures the heat load level of the heat-insulating sleeve 13, and its temperature uniformity and stability, so that the fluidity and plasticization effect of the plastic raw material during the transmission process in the heat-insulating sleeve 13 of the extruder are more consistent. The heat-resistance baffle plate 60 blocks the rapid heating and high-temperature heat transfer when part of the hopper 14 is fed, so that the heat-insulating cylinder 13 can maintain a stable temperature, ensure the stable transmission of the material in the material channel, and ensure that the surrounding components are in a suitable temperature range, avoiding equipment failure and plastic molding defects caused by excessive temperature.

[0044] In further detail, a set of spoilers 45 are fixedly mounted on one side of the spur gear 23, and the two spoilers 45 are located in the chamber between the barrel 12 and the bellows 42. One end of the chamber surrounded by the barrel 12 and the bellows 42 is connected to an external water pipe that penetrates therethrough. The water pipe provides cooling liquid in the chamber to facilitate cooling of the barrel.

[0045] In further detail, the driving mechanism 20 includes a motor 21 fixed on the extruder body 10, and a transmission gear 22 matching the spur gear 23 is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor 21. The motor 21 drives the transmission gear 22 to rotate, and the transmission gear 22 drives the spur gear 23 to rotate, and the spur gear 23 drives the spoiler 45 to rotate, so that the spoiler 45 drives the coolant in the chamber to break up. Since the material transmitted from the barrel 12 moves in a spiral trajectory, the heat distribution in the barrel 12 is uneven, so the broken up coolant improves the heat exchange efficiency of the barrel.

[0046] By injecting cooling liquid into the cavity surrounded by the heat-insulating cylinder 13 and the bellows 42, and changing the length of the bellows 42, the size of the chamber surrounded by the bellows 42 and the heat-insulating cylinder 13 is different, so that the contact area between the chamber and the barrel 12 is different, and then the heat exchange time between the barrel 12 and the barrel and the water can be controlled, so that the cooling rate of the barrel is changed. For a barrel higher than 300°C, the temperature at the feed port next to the barrel is controlled at 50°C, so that the material no longer adheres to the feed port, ensuring the use of the additive. It should be explained that the cooling liquid injected into the bellows 42 can be a water-based coolant, a non-water-based coolant or water. And one end of the chamber surrounded by the barrel 12 and the bellows 42 is connected to an external water pipe that penetrates it, and the connection structure between the external water pipe and the bellows 42 is a sealed structure. Among them, the heat-insulating cylinder 13 uses a material with high mechanical strength, low heat transfer medium, and heat insulation effect, which plays a role of heat barrier.

[0047] In order to reduce the heat load of the heat insulating cylinder 13, a heat resistance baffle 60 is provided on the outside of the heat insulating sleeve 13 to reduce the temperature of the heat insulating sleeve 13 at the head of the extruder.

[0048] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a cleaning assembly 50 is provided on the side of the spur gear 23 away from the limiting plate 44. The cleaning assembly 50 includes a transmission plate 51 fixed on the spur gear 23. A first sleeve 52 and a second sleeve 53 that slide against each other are fixed at one end of the transmission plate 51. The second sleeve 53 is elastically installed in the first sleeve 52, and the spring 54 in the first sleeve 52 abuts against the second sleeve 53. The rotation of the spur gear 23 will drive the transmission plate 51 and the first sleeve 52 and the second sleeve 53 to rotate synchronously, so the second sleeve 53 will scrape the material adhered to the output end of the extruder to prevent the material from clogging the output end of the extruder and affecting the use of the extruder.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes to the extruder insulation barrel for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics and its inventive concept according to the technology of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extruder heat-insulating barrel for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics, comprising an extruder body (10), wherein the output end of the extruder body (10) is equipped with a barrel (12), and the outside of the barrel (12) is rotatably connected to an heat-insulating barrel (13) via a bearing, characterized in that: It also includes a driving mechanism (20) installed on the extruder body (10), and a heat exchange mechanism (40) is installed inside the heat-insulating cylinder (13); The heat exchange mechanism (40) comprises a limit plate (44) threadedly connected to one end of the heat-insulating cylinder (13); one side of the limit plate (44) is rotatably connected to a spur gear (23) included in the drive mechanism (20) via a bearing; and the heat exchange mechanism (40) comprises a bellows (42) fixed to one side of the limit plate (44).

2. The heat-insulated cylinder of the extruder for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange mechanism (40) further comprises a connecting piece (43) fixedly mounted on one end of the bellows (42), a bolt being threadedly connected to the connecting piece (43), and a sliding groove (41) matching the connecting piece (43) being provided on the heat insulating cylinder (13).

3. The heat-insulated cylinder of the extruder for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics according to claim 2, characterized in that: A group of spoilers (45) are fixedly mounted on one side of the spur gear (23), and the two spoilers (45) are located in the chamber between the barrel (12) and the bellows (42).

4. The heat-insulated cylinder of the extruder for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the chamber enclosed by the barrel (12) and the bellows (42) is connected to an external water pipe that penetrates therethrough.

5. The heat-insulated cylinder of the extruder for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (20) comprises a motor (21) fixed on the extruder body (10), and a transmission gear (22) matching the spur gear (23) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor (21).

6. The heat-insulated cylinder of the extruder for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cleaning assembly (50) is provided on a side of the spur gear (23) away from the limiting plate (44), and the cleaning assembly (50) comprises a transmission plate (51) fixed on the spur gear (23), and a first sleeve (52) and a second sleeve (53) which slide against each other are fixed at one end of the transmission plate (51), and the second sleeve (53) is elastically installed in the first sleeve (52).

7. The heat-insulated cylinder of the extruder for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heat-resistance baffle plate (60) is sleeved on the outer side of the heat-insulating cylinder (13), and a layer coated with heat-conducting silicon is provided between the heat-insulating cylinder (13) and the heat-resistance baffle plate (60).

8. The heat-insulated cylinder of the extruder for high-temperature recycling of waste plastics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat-resistance baffle plate (60) is located at any one of the two positions: the head position of the extruder or the feeding end position of the hopper (14).

Images