Preparation method of PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)-based plant fiber composite material floor. Compared with a PVC floor, the prepared floor has the advantages of a plant-based material and a plastic product. Processing can be repeated, process operations such as segmentation and adhesion can be carried out according to design requirements, and manufacturing materials can be reinforced by nails or bolts; the cable is resistant to moth damage, aging, acid and alkali corrosion, good in water resistance and long in service life. The modifier is used for treating plant straw, generally corn straw or cotton straw is used as a reinforcing material, and the raw materials are cheap, easy to obtain, green and environment-friendly and are real green and environment-friendly materials. The NaOH solution is used for carrying out alkali treatment on the straw fiber, so that the surface appearance of the fiber is changed and becomes rough, the interface bonding property is enhanced, and the section of the PVC composite material is uniform. The foaming agent is used for foaming, the prepared PVC composite material has the advantage of light weight, the transportation cost is saved, and convenience is brought to installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of preparation of PVC floors, and in particular to a method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the PVC flooring industry, a new type of PVC composite flooring has been booming in recent years at home and abroad. However, due to the increasingly serious problems such as energy shortage in recent years, most of the traditional composite materials cannot be degraded and cannot be decomposed in the natural state after being discarded, resulting in an increasing amount of waste. In order to effectively alleviate the huge pressure brought by ecological and sustainable development, it is urgent to develop new green and environmentally friendly wood-plastic composite materials using agricultural and forestry residues containing wood fiber such as wood, bamboo, straw, hemp stalks, cotton stalks, and straw fibers to replace the existing traditional solid wood and artificial board products. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor, which recycles waste and has excellent insect resistance, aging resistance, waterproofness and corrosion resistance.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor, comprising the following steps:

[0005] 1) First, a semi-finished flooring product is prepared using PVC resin and modified plant straw powder as main raw materials, and the corresponding weight portions of each raw material are weighed, added to a high-speed mixer, and mixed and stirred evenly for 8-20 minutes;

[0006] 2) Discharge the materials in the high-speed mixer into the cold mixer and mix and stir at a lower speed for 10-20 minutes;

[0007] 3) conveying the uniformly mixed mixture to a twin-screw extruder for further plasticization;

[0008] 4) After extruding the die, the molten substrate is further adjusted to the target thickness through a five-roll mill, and thermally bonded with the color film and the wear-resistant layer to obtain a semi-finished floor;

[0009] 5) The semi-finished floor is then UV treated, placed in a constant temperature room for 72 hours, and then grooved and punched to make the floor.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw materials described in step 1) specifically include the following components by weight: 90-120 parts of PVC resin, 40-60 parts of modified plant straw powder, 2-5 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 2-8 parts of stearic acid, 200-350 parts of stone powder, 1-5 parts of carbon black, and 0.5-2 parts of coupling agent.

[0011] Furthermore, the modified plant straw powder is prepared by modifying corn straw powder or cotton straw powder with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified plant straw powder is as follows: use a crusher to crush the plant straw into powder with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm, add a 3% NaOH solution with a mass concentration and soak for 0.5-1h, soak with a 2% FeCl3 solution with a mass concentration for 25-35min, and finally soak with a 2% NaCl solution with a mass concentration for 25-35min. After pretreatment, the straw fiber is washed to a neutral pH value and placed in an oven at 70-80°C to dry to 80% dry.

[0013] Furthermore, the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH560.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1), the high-speed mixing is set at a temperature of 90-120° C. and a rotation speed of 250-320 r / min.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2), when the temperature reaches 110-150° C., cold mixing is started.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 2), the lower speed is 80-120 r / min.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 3), the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is controlled at 160-200°C, and the discharge temperature of the extruder die is controlled at 190-230°C.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 4), the temperature of the five-roll mill is controlled to be 180-190°C.

[0019] Beneficial effects: (1) Compared with PVC floor, the floor prepared by the present invention has the advantages of both plant-based materials and plastic products. It can be processed repeatedly, split, bonded and other process operations can be performed according to design requirements, and nails or bolts can be used to reinforce the material; it is resistant to insect infestation, aging, acid and alkali corrosion, has good water resistance and a long service life.

[0020] (2) The floor prepared by the present invention has a higher hardness than plastic products, has the processing performance of thermoplastic plastic products, can be recycled, and reduces "white pollution"; it can be recycled and reduced pollution to the environment, and is a truly green and environmentally friendly material.

[0021] (3) The present invention uses plant straw treated with a modifier, generally corn straw or cotton straw as the reinforcing material. The raw materials are cheap and easily available, green and environmentally friendly, and are truly green and environmentally friendly materials.

[0022] (4) The straw fibers are treated with NaOH solution to change the fiber surface morphology, making it rough and uneven, thereby enhancing the interface bonding and making the cross section of the PVC composite material uniform.

[0023] (5) The PVC composite material obtained by foaming with a foaming agent has the advantages of light weight, saving transportation costs and bringing convenience to installation.

[0024] (6) The PVC composite material prepared by compounding plant straw with PVC can be degraded and recycled, reducing production costs and waste of earth resources. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] A preparation method of a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor comprises the following steps: firstly, a semi-finished floor is prepared by taking PVC resin and modified plant straw powder as main raw materials, and corresponding weight portions of each raw material are weighed, and the following components are included by weight: 90 parts of PVC resin, 40 parts of modified plant straw powder, 2 parts of epoxy soybean oil, 2 parts of stearic acid, 200 parts of stone powder, 1 part of carbon black, and 1.0 part of silane coupling agent. Add to the high-speed mixer, set the temperature to 90℃, the speed to 250r / min, and mix and stir evenly for 8 minutes; start cold mixing when the temperature reaches 110℃, unload the materials in the high-speed mixer into the cold mixer and mix and stir at a lower speed of 105r / min for 10 minutes; convey the evenly mixed mixture to the twin-screw extruder for further plasticization; the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is controlled at 160℃, and the discharge temperature in the extrusion mold is controlled at 190℃; after extrusion from the mold, the substrate in a molten state is further adjusted to the target thickness through a five-roll mill, and the temperature of the five-roll mill is controlled at 180℃; and it is thermally bonded with the color film and the wear-resistant layer to obtain a semi-finished floor; the semi-finished floor is then UV treated, and after standing in a constant temperature room for 72 hours, it is slotted and punched to make the floor.

[0027] Among them, the modified plant straw powder is prepared by modifying corn straw powder or cotton straw powder with a diameter of 1 cm, and the preparation method is as follows: use a crusher to crush the plant straw into powder with a diameter of 1.5 cm, add a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 3% and soak it for 0.5h, soak it with FeCl3 with a mass concentration of 2% for 25min, and finally soak it with a NaCl solution with a mass concentration of 2% for 25min. After pretreatment, the straw fiber is washed until the pH value becomes neutral, and put it into a 70°C oven to dry to 80% dry.

[0028] Embodiment 2:

[0029] A preparation method of a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor comprises the following steps: firstly, a semi-finished floor is prepared by taking PVC resin and modified plant straw powder as main raw materials, and corresponding weight portions of each raw material are weighed, and the following components are included by weight: 120 parts of PVC resin, 60 parts of modified plant straw powder, 5 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 8 parts of stearic acid, 350 parts of stone powder, 5 parts of carbon black, and 1.0 part of silane coupling agent. Add to the high-speed mixer, set the temperature to 120℃, the speed to 320r / min, and mix and stir evenly for 20 minutes; start cold mixing when the temperature reaches 150℃, unload the materials in the high-speed mixer into the cold mixer and mix and stir at a lower speed of 89r / min for 20 minutes; convey the evenly mixed mixture to the twin-screw extruder for further plasticization; the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is controlled at 200℃, and the discharge temperature in the extrusion mold is controlled at 230℃; after extrusion from the mold, the substrate in a molten state is further adjusted to the target thickness through a five-roll mill, and the temperature of the five-roll mill is controlled at 190℃; and it is thermally bonded with the color film and the wear-resistant layer to obtain a semi-finished floor; the semi-finished floor is then UV treated, and after standing in a constant temperature room for 72 hours, it is slotted and punched to make the floor.

[0030] Among them, the modified plant straw powder is prepared by modifying corn straw powder or cotton straw powder with a diameter of 1 cm, and the preparation method is as follows: use a crusher to crush the plant straw into powder with a diameter of 1 cm, add a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 3% and soak it for 1 hour, soak it with FeCl3 with a mass concentration of 2% for 35 minutes, and finally soak it with a NaCl solution with a mass concentration of 2% for 35 minutes. After pretreatment, the straw fiber is washed until the pH value becomes neutral, and put it into an oven at 80°C to dry it to 80% dry.

[0031] Embodiment 3:

[0032] A preparation method of a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor comprises the following steps: firstly, a semi-finished floor is prepared by taking PVC resin and modified plant straw powder as main raw materials, and corresponding weight portions of each raw material are weighed, and the following components are included by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 50 parts of modified plant straw powder, 3 parts of epoxy soybean oil, 5 parts of stearic acid, 300 parts of stone powder, 3 parts of carbon black, and 1.0 part of silane coupling agent. Add to the high-speed mixer, set the temperature to 100℃, the speed to 300r / min, and mix and stir evenly for 15 minutes; start cold mixing when the temperature reaches 130℃, unload the materials in the high-speed mixer into the cold mixer and mix and stir at a lower speed of 95r / min for 15 minutes; convey the evenly mixed mixture to the twin-screw extruder for further plasticization; the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is controlled at 180℃, and the discharge temperature in the extrusion mold is controlled at 210℃; after extrusion from the mold, the substrate in a molten state is further adjusted to the target thickness through a five-roll mill, and the temperature of the five-roll mill is controlled at 185℃; and it is thermally bonded with the color film and the wear-resistant layer to obtain a semi-finished floor; the semi-finished floor is then UV treated, and after standing in a constant temperature room for 72 hours, it is slotted and punched to make the floor.

[0033] Among them, the modified plant straw powder is prepared by modifying corn straw powder or cotton straw powder with a diameter of 1 cm, and the preparation method is as follows: use a crusher to crush the plant straw into powder with a diameter of 1 cm, add a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 3% and soak it for 1 hour, soak it with FeCl3 with a mass concentration of 2% for 30 minutes, and finally soak it with a NaCl solution with a mass concentration of 2% for 30 minutes. After pretreatment, the straw fiber is washed until the pH value becomes neutral, and put it into a 75°C oven to dry until it is 80% dry.

[0034] In addition, comparative examples 1 and 2 are provided.

[0035] Comparative Example 1:

[0036] The other embodiments are the same as those of Example 3, except that the formula of step 1) is different. In the specific formula, the plant straw powder is not modified but is ordinary crushed plant straw powder.

[0037] Comparative Example 2:

[0038] The other embodiments are the same as those of Example 3, except that in the processing technology, the temperature of the five-roll mill is controlled at 189°C.

[0039] The performance of the PVC floor prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 was tested, and the specific performance indicators were tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, density, anti-aging performance (heat resistance, light resistance)...;

[0040] The test method is as follows:

[0041] Tensile strength is tested according to ASTM D638

[0042] Flexural strength is tested according to ASTM D638

[0043] Impact strength is tested according to ISO 179

[0044] Anti-aging properties (heat resistance, light resistance) are tested according to ASTM F1514 and ASTM F1515

[0045] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0046] Table 1 Comprehensive performance test results of floor products of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor prepared in Example 3 of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties, better aging resistance and a longer service life.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite floor, characterized in that The steps include: 1) First, a semi-finished flooring product is prepared using PVC resin and modified plant straw powder as main raw materials, and the corresponding weight portions of each raw material are weighed, added to a high-speed mixer, and mixed and stirred evenly for 8-20 minutes; 2) Discharge the materials in the high-speed mixer into the cold mixer and mix and stir at a lower speed for 10-20 minutes; 3) conveying the uniformly mixed mixture to a twin-screw extruder for further plasticization; 4) After extruding the die, the molten substrate is further adjusted to the target thickness through a five-roll mill, and thermally bonded with the color film and the wear-resistant layer to obtain a semi-finished floor; The semi-finished floor is then UV treated, placed in a constant temperature room for 72 hours, and then grooved and punched to make the floor.

2. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials described in step 1) specifically include the following components by weight: 90-120 parts of PVC resin, 40-60 parts of modified plant straw powder, 2-5 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 2-8 parts of stearic acid, 200-350 parts of stone powder, 1-5 parts of carbon black, and 0.5-2 parts of coupling agent.

3. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The modified plant straw powder is prepared by modifying corn straw powder or cotton straw powder with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm.

4. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 3, characterized in that The preparation method of the modified plant straw powder is as follows: use a crusher to crush the plant straw into powder with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm, add a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 3% and soak it for 0.5-1h, soak it with FeCl3 with a mass concentration of 2% for 25-35min, and finally soak it with a NaCl solution with a mass concentration of 2% for 25-35min. After pretreatment, the straw fiber is washed until the pH value becomes neutral, and placed in an oven at 70-80°C to dry until it is 80% dry.

5. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH560.

6. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the high speed mixing is set at a temperature of 90-120°C and a rotation speed of 250-320 r / min.

7. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), when the temperature reaches 110-150°C, cold mixing is started.

8. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower speed in step 2) is 80-120r / min.

9. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is controlled at 160-200°C, and the discharge temperature of the extruder die is controlled at 190-230°C.

10. The method for preparing a PVC-based plant fiber composite material floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), the temperature of the five-roll mill is controlled to be 180-190°C.

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