Surgical instrument

Abstract

The application discloses a surgical instrument, comprising an end effector and a sleeve assembly, the sleeve assembly comprising a pusher, the end effector comprising: a jaw assembly comprising a cartridge seat, the cartridge seat having a limiting structure; a cartridge assembly, the cartridge assembly being detachably mounted in the cartridge seat, the cartridge assembly comprising a pusher plate; the pusher having a knife lifting portion, the pusher plate having a supporting structure, when the cartridge assembly is mounted in the cartridge seat and the pusher plate is in a proximal position, the knife lifting portion is supported by the supporting structure, in response to the operation of a user, the pusher is moved distally beyond the limiting structure to cooperate with the pusher plate, thereby driving the pusher plate to move distally; when the cartridge assembly is not mounted in the cartridge seat or the pusher plate is in a distal position, in response to the operation of a user, the pusher is blocked by the limiting structure when moving distally. The problem that the surgical instrument with a knife cartridge in the prior art has a risk of damaging the human body when mounting the used cartridge assembly or not mounting the cartridge assembly is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a surgical instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Surgical instruments play a crucial role in clinical surgery, and the cutting blade is an indispensable and important component of surgical instruments. The front end of a surgical instrument includes a replaceable staple cartridge assembly, which is a disposable consumable.

[0003] To avoid wear and tear and poor cutting results caused by repeated use of the cutting blade, staple cartridge assemblies with integrated cutting blades have been developed. In this type of staple cartridge assembly, when not installed on a surgical instrument, the cutting blade is hidden inside the staple cartridge body to prevent injury to the user from the sharp edge. When installed on a surgical instrument, the cutting blade extends out of the surface of the staple cartridge body, i.e., extended, so that it can cut tissue during surgery.

[0004] When an unused staple cartridge is installed in the jaw assembly, the cutting blade moves forward until it cuts to the bottom (cutting + suturing). However, when a used staple cartridge is installed in the jaw assembly or when no staple cartridge is installed, the surgical instrument is in an empty staple cartridge state. If the cutting blade moves forward, it will only cut without suturing. The surgical instrument should recognize this to avoid firing and thus prevent injury to the patient. However, the existing empty staple cartridge protection structure only applies to conventional cutting blade assemblies and not to staple cartridges with blades. This results in a risk of injury to the patient when surgical instruments with staple cartridges have a used staple cartridge installed or no staple cartridge installed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a surgical instrument that solves the problem of potential harm to the human body when existing surgical instruments with scalpel and staple cartridges are installed with or without a staple cartridge assembly.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a surgical instrument, comprising an end effector and a cannula assembly, the cannula assembly including a pusher, and the end effector including: The jaw assembly includes a staple cartridge seat and an anvil pivotally connected to the staple cartridge seat; the staple cartridge seat has a limiting structure; The staple cartridge assembly is detachably installed in the staple cartridge holder, and the staple cartridge assembly includes a pusher plate and a cutting blade movably connected to the pusher plate; The bottom of the pusher has a lifting section, and the bottom of the pusher plate has a support structure. When the nail cartridge assembly is installed in the nail cartridge seat and the pusher plate is in the proximal position, the lifting section is supported by the support structure, and the end effector is in the first state. In the first state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher moves to the distal side beyond the limit structure to cooperate with the pusher plate, thereby driving the pusher plate to move to the distal side. When the staple cartridge assembly is not installed in the staple cartridge seat or the pusher plate is in the distal position, the lifting part is suspended in the staple cartridge seat and the end effector is in the second state; in the second state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher is blocked by the limiting structure when it moves distally.

[0007] Furthermore, the support structure includes a support groove formed at the bottom of the pusher plate. The support groove includes a bottom wall. When the end actuator is in the first state, the bottom wall of the support groove abuts against the lifting part to support the lifting part.

[0008] Furthermore, the support groove also includes an inclined section, which is located near the bottom wall and connected to the bottom wall. The inclined section is lower on the near side and higher on the far side.

[0009] Furthermore, the pusher plate has a storage groove, in which the cutting blade is housed. The storage groove is connected to the support groove. When the end actuator is in the first state, part of the lifting blade is housed in the storage groove and the other part is housed in the support groove. The upper end face of the lifting blade abuts against the cutting blade, so that the cutting blade is in the extended state. The lower end face of the lifting blade abuts against the bottom wall of the support groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the thruster includes a limiting part. In the first state, the limiting part is at a first height, which is higher than the limiting structure so that the thruster can pass over the limiting structure. In the second state, the limiting part is at a second height, which is blocked by the limiting structure to block the thruster. The second height is lower than the first height.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting structure is a groove, which includes a stop wall. When the thruster is at the first height, the limiting part is higher than the upper edge of the stop wall and located outside the groove; when the thruster is at the second height, the limiting part is lower than the upper edge of the stop wall and located inside the groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the staple cartridge seat also includes a stop protrusion located on the far side of the stop wall and higher than the upper edge of the stop wall.

[0013] Furthermore, the spiked cartridge also includes an initial surface located near the groove. When the thruster is in the initial position, the thruster portion abuts against the initial surface at a first height.

[0014] Furthermore, the pusher also has a pressure end extending in a direction away from the lifting section, and the staple cartridge seat is also provided with a first elastic member. One end of the first elastic member is connected to the staple cartridge seat, and the other end abuts against the pressure end. The first elastic member applies a downward elastic force to the pressure end. When the end actuator is in the second state, in response to the pusher moving to the distal side, the pusher moves downward under the elastic force of the first elastic member so that the limiting part enters the groove.

[0015] Furthermore, a guide slope is provided on the near side of the groove, and the guide slope is connected to the initial surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the pusher includes a tool holder and a tool head connected to the tool holder, with a tool lifting part located on the lower side of the tool head. In response to the user's operation, the tool holder drives the tool head to move to the distal side.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting a limiting structure on the staple cartridge seat to stop the pusher, when the surgical instrument is equipped with a used staple cartridge assembly or not, the pusher can be stopped to prevent it from moving the pusher plate and cutting blade distally, thus preventing the surgical instrument from performing cutting operations and avoiding injury to the human body. Furthermore, by setting a support structure at the bottom of the pusher plate to lift the blade-lifting part of the pusher, the pusher can move distally past the limiting structure to the infeeding position. Thus, when the surgical instrument is normally equipped with an unused staple cartridge assembly, the support structure of the pusher plate will lift the blade-lifting part, preventing the pusher from contacting the limiting structure on the staple cartridge seat during distal movement. This allows the pusher to normally move the pusher plate and cutting blade distally, enabling the surgical instrument to perform suturing and cutting operations, ensuring the normal use of the surgical instrument, and solving the problem of the risk of injury to the human body when surgical instruments with staple cartridges equipped with a blade are equipped with a used staple cartridge assembly or not. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of a surgical instrument in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a surgical instrument in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the thruster in its initial position in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the thruster is in the safety position in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher plate in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the pusher plate in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the staple cartridge assembly in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The above figures include the following reference numerals: 10. Propeller; 11. Blade holder; 12. Blade head; 121. Lifting part; 1211. First contact surface; 1212. Second contact surface; 1213. Driving ramp; 1214. Avoidance ramp; 122. Support part; 13. Limiting part; 14. Pressurized end; 20. Attachment cartridge seat; 21. Groove; 212. Stop wall; 211. Guide ramp; 22. Stop protrusion; 23. First elastic element; 24. Initial surface; 30. Attachment seat; 40. Attachment cartridge assembly; 41. Attachment pusher plate; 411. Support groove; 4111. Inclined section; 412. Side wall; 413. Slide groove; 414. Second elastic element; 415. Retracting groove; 42. Cutting blade; 421. Guide protrusion; 43. Attachment cartridge body; 431. Attachment surface. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] It is important to understand that the terms "proximal" and "distal" used in this article are relative to the clinician manipulating the stapler's handle. "Proximal" refers to the part closer to the clinician, while "distal" refers to the part farther away. That is, the handle is proximal, and the jaw assembly is distal. For example, the proximal end of a component refers to the end relatively closer to the handle, and the distal end refers to the end relatively closer to the jaw assembly. The terms "upper" and "lower" are relative to the relative positions of the anvil and stapler seat on the jaw assembly; specifically, the anvil is "upper," and the stapler seat is "lower." However, staplers can be used in many orientations and positions, so these terms expressing relative positional relationships are not limited or absolute.

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a movable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, such as contact. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that when "connected" or "linked" is preceded by a qualifier, it has the meaning defined by that qualifier, excluding only obviously excluded cases, but not other possible cases. For example, "detachable connection" refers to a detachable connection, excluding an integral part, but movable connections are not excluded.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a surgical instrument including an end effector, a cannula assembly, and a handle assembly. The handle assembly is connected to the end effector via the cannula assembly. The cannula assembly includes a pusher 10 and a cannula fitted over a portion of the pusher 10. The surgical instrument also includes a transmission assembly and a power assembly. The pusher 10 is driven by the power assembly to move proximally or distally along the length of the cannula. In this embodiment, the power assembly includes a motor and a gear connected to the motor output shaft. The transmission assembly includes a rack meshing with the gear and connected to the pusher. In response to the rotation of the motor, the gear rotates, driving the rack to move proximally or distally, thereby causing the rack to drive the pusher to move proximally or distally. The end effector includes a jaw assembly and a staple cartridge assembly 40. The jaw assembly includes a staple cartridge seat 20 and an abutment seat 30 pivotally connected to the staple cartridge seat 20. The staple cartridge assembly 40 is detachably installed within the staple cartridge seat 20. The anvil 30 can selectively move between an open position and a closed position, enabling the end effector to switch between open and closed states, thereby cooperating with the staple cartridge seat 20 and the staple cartridge assembly 40 to clamp or release tissue. The distal end of the sleeve is connected to the anvil 30, and the proximal end is connected to a transmission assembly. Specifically, the transmission assembly further includes a jaw drive structure, with the proximal end of the sleeve connected to the jaw drive structure. In one embodiment, the jaw drive structure includes a jaw drive motor and a jaw drive assembly. The jaw drive assembly includes a gear connected to the jaw drive motor and a rack meshing with the gear. The rack is connected to the sleeve. In response to the rotation of the motor, the gear rotates, driving the rack to move to move the sleeve forward or backward. In another embodiment, the jaw drive structure includes a handle, a linkage assembly connected to the handle, and an unlocking assembly. The linkage assembly is connected to the sleeve. When the handle is pressed, the linkage assembly moves to drive the sleeve forward; when the unlocking assembly is pressed, the unlocking assembly acts on the linkage, causing the sleeve to move backward. Rearward (i.e., proximal) movement of the sleeve causes the pin holder 30 to pivot upward to open the jaw assembly, and forward (i.e., distal) movement of the sleeve causes the pin holder 30 to pivot downward to close the jaw assembly. The staple cartridge assembly 40 includes a pusher plate assembly and a staple cartridge body 43, the pusher plate assembly being detachably connected to the pusher 10 to be driven by the pusher 10 to perform the firing action.

[0024] Specifically, the pusher plate assembly includes a pusher plate 41 and a cutting blade 42 movably connected to the pusher plate 41. The proximal side of the pusher 10 is connected to a transmission assembly, and the distal side is detachably connected to the pusher plate 41 and the cutting blade 42, for moving the pusher plate 41 and the cutting blade 42. In other words, the surgical instrument in this embodiment has a staple cartridge with a blade. The staple cartridge seat 20 has a limiting structure for limiting and stopping the pusher 10. The pusher 10 has a lifting section 121 extending distally, and the bottom of the pusher plate 41 has a support structure. When the staple cartridge assembly 40 is installed in the staple cartridge seat 20 and the pusher plate 41 is in the proximal position, the bottom of the lifting section 121 is supported by the support structure, and the end effector is in a first state. In the first state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher 10 moves distally past the limiting structure. When the pusher 10 moves distally, it cooperates with the pusher plate 41 to drive the pusher plate 41 to move distally. The proximal position means that the pusher plate 41 is located proximal to the staple cartridge assembly 40.

[0025] When the staple cartridge assembly 40 is not installed in the staple cartridge holder 20, or when the pusher plate 41 of the installed staple cartridge assembly 40 is not located near the staple cartridge assembly 40 (in a fired staple cartridge assembly 40, the pusher plate 41 is located far from the staple cartridge assembly 40), the end effector is in the second state, and the lifting section 121 is suspended in the staple cartridge holder 20. In this second state, the end effector is suspended because the bottom of the lifting section 121 is not supported by a support structure and is in a suspended state. In the second state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher 10 moves distally and is blocked by the limiting structure, preventing the pusher 10 from continuing to move distally and thus preventing it from firing normally.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, when not in motion, the pusher 10 is at a first height. When the end effector is in a first state, the support structure supports the pusher 10 at the bottom, ensuring that the pusher 10 remains at the first height as it moves distally. This allows it to overcome the limiting structure and drive the pusher plate 41 distally, enabling normal firing. When the end effector is in a second state, the pusher 10 is at the first height, and the lifting part 121 is suspended within the nail cartridge seat 20. In response to user operation, when the pusher 10 moves distally, since the lifting part 121 is not supported, it switches from the first height to the second height and continues moving distally, only to be blocked by the limiting structure. Since the second height is lower than the first height, the limiting structure can only block the pusher 10 moving distally at the second height, not at the first height. As can be seen from the above, the surgical instrument in this embodiment can only fire normally when the staple cartridge assembly 40 is installed in the staple cartridge seat 20 and the pusher plate 41 is in the proximal position. It cannot fire when the staple cartridge assembly 40 is not installed in the staple cartridge seat 20, or when the pusher plate 41 of the installed staple cartridge assembly 40 is not in the proximal position of the staple cartridge assembly 40. This avoids the problem that when a surgical instrument with a blade-equipped staple cartridge is installed or not installed, the pusher 10 moving distally does not drive the cutting blade 42 to cut the tissue distally, but instead directly squeezes the tissue, causing tissue damage.

[0027] The support structure includes a support groove 411 formed at the bottom of the pusher plate 41. The support groove 411 includes a bottom wall. When the end actuator is in the first state, the bottom wall of the support groove 411 abuts against the lifting blade part 121 to support the lifting blade part 121. At this time, the lifting blade part 121 is partially located inside the support groove 411. When the pusher 10 moves to the distal side, the lower end of the lifting blade part 121 abuts against the bottom wall of the support groove 411 and slides relative to the support groove 411. After the lifting blade part 121 is completely inserted into the support groove 411, the pusher 10 is still at the first height under the support of the support groove 411 and can drive the pusher plate 41 to move to the distal side for firing. The abutment of the support groove 411 supports the lifting blade part 121, preventing the pusher 10 from moving downward to the second height. The pusher 10 at the first height can smoothly pass over the limiting structure to drive the pusher plate 41.

[0028] When installing the staple cartridge assembly 40 with the pusher plate 41 on the near side, after the staple cartridge assembly 40 is inserted into the staple cartridge seat 20, the bottom wall of the support groove 411 extends into the underside of the lifting section 121 and supports the lifting section 121. To facilitate the installation of the staple cartridge assembly 40, the support groove 411 also includes an inclined section 4111, which is located near the bottom wall and connected to it. The inclined section 4111 is lower on the near side and higher on the far side. That is, the inclined section 4111 is inclined downward in the near direction. The staple cartridge assembly 40 is installed from the far side to the near side. At the same time, the underside of the lifting section 121 has a relief slope 1214. The setting of the inclined section 4111 and the relief slope 1214 allows the inclined section 4111 to enter the space under the lifting section 121 more easily, guiding the installation of the staple cartridge assembly 40.

[0029] The pusher plate 41 has a storage groove, in which the cutting blade 42 is housed. A support groove 411 is located below the storage groove and communicates with it. Specifically, the pusher plate 41 has two opposing sidewalls 412, and at least a portion of the cutting blade 42 is housed between the two sidewalls 412, forming a storage groove. The cutting blade can slide up and down within the storage groove. Before the nail cartridge assembly 40 is installed, the cutting blade 42 is completely within the storage groove and is in a retracted state. The sidewalls 412 are provided with vertical grooves 413, and the cutting blade 42 is provided with guide protrusions 421 that are adapted to the grooves 413. When the cutting blade 42 extends, it extends vertically upward along the grooves 413 via the guide protrusions 421. The cutting blade 42 is spaced apart from the sidewalls 412 to reduce friction between them. The grooves 413 also stabilize the cutting direction of the cutting blade 42. The support groove 411 is located below the storage groove and has an opening on the proximal side, allowing the lifting blade 121 to enter the support groove 411 from the proximal side. Overall, the proximal side of the support groove 411 is flared.

[0030] The lifting blade part 121 has a driving ramp 1213, which is located on the upper side of the distal end of the lifting blade part 121. When the staple cartridge assembly 40 is installed, the lower side of the lifting blade part 121 enters the support groove 411 and the upper side enters the storage groove. The driving ramp 1213 abuts against the cutting blade 42. Under the action of the driving ramp 1213, the cutting blade 42 slides upward and is exposed outside the storage groove. The cutting blade 42 switches to the extended blade state. After the staple cartridge assembly 40 is installed, the end actuator is in the first state. At this time, part of the lifting blade part 121 is housed in the storage groove and the other part is housed in the support groove 411. The upper end face of the lifting blade part 121 abuts against the cutting blade 42, and the lower end face abuts against the bottom wall of the support groove 411. The lifting blade part 121 does not abut against the distal side of the support groove 411, and the cutting blade 42 is in the extended blade state.

[0031] In the first state, the pusher 10 cannot directly drive the pusher plate 41 to move when it moves to the distal side. When the pusher 10 moves to the distal side, it slides relative to the pusher plate 41 until the pusher 10 engages with the pusher plate 41. Engagement means that the lifting part 121 abuts against the distal side of the support groove 411. At this time, the pusher 10 can drive the pusher plate 41 to move to the distal side for firing. During the process of the lifting part 121 moving to the distal side to engage with the pusher plate 41, the pusher 10 is always at the first height under the action of the support groove 411, and can pass over the limiting structure without being blocked by the limiting structure.

[0032] The thruster 10 is provided with a limiting part 13. The limiting part 13 is used to be blocked by the limiting structure when the thruster 10 is at the second height. When the thruster 10 is at the first height and moving to the distance, the limiting part 13 is higher than the limiting structure so that the thruster 10 passes over the limiting structure. When the thruster 10 is at the second height and moving to the distance, the limiting structure blocks the limiting part 13 to block the thruster 10.

[0033] Please see Figures 3 to 4 In this embodiment, the limiting structure is a groove 21, and the limiting part 13 is a protrusion. The groove 21 includes a stop wall 212, which is located on the far side of the groove 21. The limiting part 13 is provided on the side of the thruster 10. When the thruster 10 is at the first height, the limiting part 13 is higher than the upper edge of the stop wall 212 and located outside the groove 21. Therefore, when the thruster 10 moves to the far side at the first height, the stop wall 212 cannot block the limiting part 13. When the thruster 10 is at the second height, the limiting part 13 is lower than the upper edge of the stop wall 212 and located inside the groove 21. Therefore, when the thruster 10 moves to the far side at the first height, the stop wall 212 blocks the limiting part 13, preventing the thruster 10 from continuing to move to the far side. Further, please refer to... Figures 3 to 4 The nail cartridge seat 20 also includes a stop protrusion 22, which is located on the far side of the stop wall 212 and higher than the upper edge of the stop wall 212. This can enhance the limiting effect of the limiting structure and prevent the thruster 10 from overshooting the limiting structure due to its high speed when moving to the far side at the second height.

[0034] Please see Figure 7 The stud cartridge 20 also includes an initial surface 24, which is located near the groove 21. When the pusher 10 is in the initial position, a portion of it abuts against the initial surface 24 to reach a first height. The lifting part 121 is located far from the initial surface and is suspended above the groove 21. Specifically, when the pusher 10 is in the initial position, the limiting part 13 abuts against the initial surface 24, so that the limiting part 13 is located near the groove 21 and above the groove 21.

[0035] When the staple cartridge assembly 40 is not installed in the staple cartridge holder 20, or when the pusher plate 41 of the installed staple cartridge assembly 40 is not near the staple cartridge assembly 40, the lifting part 121 is not supported. When the pusher 10 moves from the initial position to the far side, it first moves downward into the groove 21, and the limiting part 13 abuts against the bottom surface of the groove 21 so that the pusher 10 is at the second height.

[0036] To ensure that the pusher 10 can stably enter the groove 21 when the lifting section 121 is not supported, avoiding direct passage through the limiting structure, the pusher 10 also has a pressure-bearing end 14 extending away from the lifting section 121. The staple cartridge seat 20 is also provided with a first elastic member 23, one end of which is connected to the staple cartridge seat 20, and the other end abuts against the pressure-bearing end 14, applying a downward elastic force to the pressure-bearing end 14. Before moving distally, the pusher 10 is in an initial position, in which the limiting section 13 is located above the groove 21. When the pusher 10 moves distally from the initial position, the pusher 10 moves downward under the elastic force of the first elastic member 23, so that the limiting section 13 enters the groove 21. In this embodiment, the first elastic element 23 is a spring sheet. The proximal side of the spring sheet is fixed to the staple cartridge seat 20, and the distal side presses the pressure end 14 against the bottom of the staple cartridge seat 20. The distal side of the spring sheet has a central through hole protruding from the proximal side of the pressure end 14 to improve the fixation effect. Of course, the central through hole has a suitable length so as not to affect the normal movement of the pusher 10. When the surgical instrument is equipped with the used staple cartridge assembly 40 or not equipped with the staple cartridge assembly 40, the spring sheet continuously presses the pressure end 14, and there is no pusher plate 41 on the proximal side of the staple cartridge seat 20. The lifting part 121 cannot switch to the engagement state, so that the limiting part 13 enters the groove 21 and is limited and stopped by the stop wall of the groove 21 during the movement of the pusher 10 to the distal side. When the surgical instrument is normally equipped with an unused staple cartridge assembly 40, the spring will continue to press against the pressure end 14. However, when the lifting section 121 switches to the engagement state, the pusher 10 is lifted to overcome the elastic force of the spring, so that the spring does not affect the movement of the pusher 10 to the distal side.

[0037] It is worth noting that a guide ramp 211 is provided near the groove 21, and the guide ramp 211 is connected to the initial surface 24. After the pusher 10 moves to the distal side to drive the pusher plate 41 to fire distally, in response to the user's operation, the pusher 10 moves to the proximal side to return to the initial position. When the pusher 10 moves to the proximal side, the limiting part 13 abuts against the bottom wall of the nail cartridge seat 20. When passing through the groove 21, the limiting part 13 enters the groove 21, abuts against the bottom wall of the groove 21, and moves to the proximal side within the groove 21. When the limiting part 13 contacts the guide ramp 211, the guide ramp 211 guides the limiting part 13, allowing the pusher 10 to move upward through the groove 21. The limiting part 13 abuts against the initial surface 24, allowing the pusher 10 to smoothly return to the initial position. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 2 to 4The pusher 10 includes a blade shank 11 and a blade holder head 12. The blade holder head 12 is connected to the distal side of the blade shank 11, and a transmission assembly is connected to the proximal side of the blade shank 11. A limiting part 13 is disposed on one side of the blade holder head 12 and located on the blade holder head. When the staple cartridge assembly 40 is installed on the staple cartridge seat 20 and the pusher 10 moves distally along its length, the blade holder head 12 pushes the staple pusher plate 41 forward, and the blade holder head 12 contacts and engages with the cutting blade 42, causing the cutting blade 42 to be lifted and further detachably connected to the blade holder head 12. The cutting edge of the cutting blade 42 protrudes from the staple ejection surface 431 of the staple cartridge body 43. Furthermore, the blade holder head 12 includes a lifting part 121 and a support part 122. The lifting part 121 is located on the lower side of the blade holder head 12. The support part 122 is located on the upper side of the blade holder head 12. The positions of the lifting part 121 and the support part 122 correspond.

[0038] After the pusher 10 passes through the limiting structure, it drives the pusher plate 41 to move distally to advance the blade. After the pusher plate 41 moves to the distal side of the nail cartridge assembly 40, the advance is completed. At this time, the pusher 10 moves proximally to retract the blade. The pusher 10 can only drive the pusher plate 41 to move distally, and cannot pull the pusher plate 41 proximally. The lifting part 121 moves proximally with the pusher 10, and the lifting part 121 separates from the pusher plate 41. The pusher 10 moves proximally to the initial position, while the pusher plate 41 remains distal to the nail cartridge assembly 40.

[0039] For details, please refer to Figure 6 The pusher plate 41 is provided with a retractable groove 415 capable of accommodating at least a portion of the cutting blade 42. A second elastic element 414 is also provided within the pusher plate 41, housed within the retractable groove 415. Specifically, the second elastic element 414 is a non-circular spring. One end of the second elastic element 414 abuts against the cutting blade 42, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the retractable groove 415, applying elastic force to the cutting blade 42 to keep it in a concealed state. When the drive ramp 1213 of the lifting section 121 contacts the bottom of the cutting blade 42, the cutting blade 42 moves upward, the second elastic element 414 is compressed, and the cutting blade 42 continues to move upward and extends, switching from a concealed state to an extended state. When retracting the blade, the pusher 10 drives the lifting section 121 to move closer to the blade. When the lifting section 121 no longer abuts against the cutting blade 42, the second elastic element 414 rebounds, causing the cutting blade 42 to retract into the retractable groove 415.

[0040] After the pusher 10 returns to its initial position, the retraction of the blade is completed. Medical staff control the jaw assembly to open and remove the stapler from the body, thus completing the surgery.

[0041] When the surgical instrument of the present invention is equipped with a used staple cartridge assembly 40 or not equipped with a staple cartridge assembly 40, the end effector is in the second state. In this state, the pusher 10 is blocked by the limiting structure when moving distally, thus preventing the pusher 10 from directly compressing the tissue and causing damage. Only when the staple cartridge seat 20 is equipped with a staple cartridge assembly 40 and the pusher plate 41 is in the proximal position, the end effector is in the first state, lifting the pusher 10 to pass over the limiting structure and advance distally. This ensures the normal use of the surgical instrument and avoids the risk of injury to the human body when the surgical instrument with a staple cartridge is equipped with a used staple cartridge assembly 40 or not equipped with a staple cartridge assembly 40.

[0042] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0043] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, characterized in that, The device includes an end effector and a cannula assembly, the cannula assembly including a pusher, and the end effector including: A jaw assembly, the jaw assembly including a staple cartridge seat and an anvil pivotally connected to the staple cartridge seat; the staple cartridge seat has a limiting structure; A staple cartridge assembly, which is detachably installed within the staple cartridge holder, the staple cartridge assembly including a pusher plate and a cutting blade movably connected to the pusher plate; The bottom of the pusher has a lifting blade section, and the bottom of the nail pusher plate has a support structure. When the nail cartridge assembly with the nail pusher plate in the proximal position is installed, the lifting blade section is supported by the support structure, and the end effector is in a first state. In the first state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher moves beyond the limiting structure to the distal side to cooperate with the nail pusher plate, thereby driving the nail pusher plate to move to the distal side. When the staple cartridge assembly is not installed in the staple cartridge seat or the staple pusher is in a distal position, the lifting blade is suspended in the staple cartridge seat, and the end effector is in a second state; in the second state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher is blocked by the limiting structure when it moves distally.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure includes a support groove formed at the bottom of the pusher plate. The support groove includes a bottom wall. When the end effector is in the first state, the bottom wall of the support groove abuts against the lifting part to support the lifting part.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support groove also includes an inclined section, which is located near the bottom wall and connected to the bottom wall. The inclined section is lower on the near side and higher on the far side.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pusher plate has a storage groove, the cutting blade is housed in the storage groove, the storage groove is connected to the support groove, and when the end actuator is in the first state, a part of the lifting part is housed in the storage groove and the other part is housed in the support groove. The upper end face of the lifting blade part abuts against the cutting blade, so that the cutting blade is in the extended state; the lower end face of the lifting blade part abuts against the bottom wall of the support groove.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thruster includes a limiting part. In the first state, the limiting part is at a first height, which is higher than the limiting structure so that the thruster can pass over the limiting structure. In the second state, the limiting part is at a second height, which is blocked by the limiting structure to block the thruster. The second height is lower than the first height.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting structure is a groove, which includes a stop wall. When the pusher is at the first height, the limiting part is higher than the upper edge of the stop wall and located outside the groove; when the pusher is at the second height, the limiting part is lower than the upper edge of the stop wall and located inside the groove.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The staple cartridge seat also includes a stop protrusion located on the far side of the stop wall and above the upper edge of the stop wall.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The staple cartridge also includes an initial surface located near the groove, wherein when the pusher is in the initial position, the pusher portion abuts against the initial surface to be at the first height.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pusher also has a pressure end extending away from the lifting section, and the staple cartridge seat is also provided with a first elastic member. One end of the first elastic member is connected to the staple cartridge seat, and the other end abuts against the pressure end. The first elastic member applies a downward elastic force to the pressure end. When the end effector is in the second state, in response to the pusher moving to the distal side, the pusher moves downward under the elastic force of the first elastic member so that the limiting part enters the groove.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, A guide slope is provided on the near side of the groove, and the guide slope is connected to the initial surface.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher includes a tool bar and a tool holder head connected to the tool bar. The tool lifting part is located on the lower side of the tool holder head. In response to the user's operation, the tool bar drives the tool holder head to move to the distal side.

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