Construction waste light and heavy material separation system

Abstract

This invention discloses a screening system for light and heavy materials in construction waste, including a low-noise jaw crusher, a vibrating screen, and a conveying mechanism. The discharge port of the low-noise jaw crusher is connected to the inlet of the vibrating screen. The inner cavity of the vibrating screen includes a bar screening mechanism, a steel mesh screening mechanism, and a tension screen screening mechanism arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt, which is located below the discharge ports of each chute of the vibrating screen. This system solves the problems of high noise and coarse screening in existing jaw crushers, requiring manual secondary screening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction waste treatment equipment, and in particular to a screening system for light and heavy materials in construction waste. Background Technology

[0002] In construction waste processing, it is usually necessary to first crush the waste and then screen it. Currently, jaw crushers are commonly used for crushing construction waste. Existing jaw crushers have a simple structure, mainly consisting of a crushing chamber with a stationary jaw plate and a movable jaw plate within it. The reciprocating motion of the movable jaw plate crushes the material passing through the material channel between the stationary and movable jaw plates. However, this type of crushing mechanism generally suffers from high noise levels. Specific reasons include the impact between the movable and stationary jaw plates, the high hardness of the jaw plate material but its poor shock absorption, and the impact of the material on the jaw plates during crushing. To address the noise problem of jaw crushers and reduce the noise generated during crushing, existing technologies... During the procedure, modifications are made to the jaw crusher, primarily by adding a sound insulation layer outside the crushing chamber. However, this improvement is insufficient to fundamentally address the noise problem, and its effectiveness is limited. Because the jaw crusher continuously feeds, even with sound insulation around the crushing chamber, noise cannot be prevented from escaping through the feed inlet. Therefore, we need to further investigate the root causes of the noise and improve the existing jaw crusher accordingly to effectively reduce noise. Furthermore, current post-crushing screening methods rely on simple screening equipment for coarse screening, often requiring manual re-sorting. This approach is inefficient and inefficient, resulting in high labor costs. Therefore, a new construction waste processing equipment needs to be developed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a screening system for light and heavy materials in construction waste, which solves the problems of high noise and coarse screening in existing jaw crushers, requiring secondary screening by manual labor.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A construction waste light and heavy material screening system includes a low-noise jaw crusher, a vibrating screen device, and a conveying mechanism. The discharge port of the low-noise jaw crusher is connected to the inlet of the vibrating screen device. The inner cavity of the vibrating screen device includes a bar screening mechanism, a steel plate mesh screening mechanism, and a tension screen screening mechanism arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt, which is located below the discharge port of each chute of the vibrating screen device.

[0005] This solution uses a low-noise jaw crusher, resulting in lower noise when processing construction waste. Furthermore, the vibrating screening device in this solution has three or more screening mechanisms, from top to bottom: a bar screening mechanism, a steel mesh screening mechanism, and a tension screen screening mechanism. This screening method provides finer results, eliminating the need for manual sorting after screening. The screened materials can be transported away using conveyor belts. The specific screening process is as follows: Material enters the vibrating screening device. Under the action of the vibrator, the material is diverted by the bar screening mechanism and flows evenly downwards. Material with a diameter of 0-30mm passes through the screen holes of the steel mesh screening mechanism and falls onto the tension screen screening mechanism. Material with a diameter greater than 30mm enters the No. 2 chute on the right side of the vibrating screening device. Materials with a diameter of 0-30mm enter the tensioned screen screening mechanism. Heavier materials (0-5mm) fall below the screen openings under the tension of the screen and are conveyed out by a belt conveyor. Lighter materials (0-5mm) and materials with a diameter of 5-30mm enter the No. 1 chute on the right side of the vibrating screen. Materials larger than 30mm are placed in the No. 2 chute on the right side of the vibrating screen; under the action of the blower, the lighter materials are blown from the No. 2 chute to the No. 1 chute.

[0006] Light materials of 0-5mm, materials of 5-30mm, and light materials >30mm enter the conveyor belt from the first chute. The mixture then enters the second vibrating screen (tensioned screen). On the tensioned screen, the heavier materials of 5-30mm fall below the screen holes under the tension of the screen mechanism; the lighter materials of 0-5mm, 5-30mm, and >30mm fall from the screen of the second vibrating screen, forming a mixed light material.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-noise jaw crusher includes a crushing chamber, on both sides of the inner cavity of the crushing chamber are respectively provided a stationary jaw plate structure and a moving jaw plate structure. The upper part of the moving jaw plate structure is connected to a pulley via an eccentric shaft, and the pulley is connected to a motor. The lower outer end of the moving jaw plate structure is connected to an adjustment device. The stationary jaw plate structure includes a stationary jaw plate support structure and a stationary jaw plate body. The side of the stationary jaw plate support structure facing the moving jaw plate structure is a vertical support surface. The stationary jaw plate body is disposed on the vertical support surface. The inner end face of the longitudinal section of the stationary jaw plate body is stepped. The length of the inner end face of the stationary jaw plate body extending into the crushing channel from top to bottom gradually decreases. The inner end of the stationary jaw plate body is evenly provided with wavy crushing teeth.

[0008] In this design, the structure of the stationary jaw plate in the crushing chamber has been adjusted, adopting a stepped jaw plate design. The multi-stage buffer stepped jaw plate structure can effectively reduce the direct impact area between the material and the jaw plate. At the same time, the stepped structure broadens the impact spectrum from the concentrated 500-800Hz to a distribution of 200-1500Hz, avoiding the frequency band sensitive to the human ear. In addition, the crushing action of each step generates a time difference of 5-10ms, which cancels out the sound wave interference. Therefore, the stepped structure significantly reduces the noise during crushing. The wave-shaped crushing teeth increase the contact length between the teeth and the material to be crushed, reduce the wear per unit length, and improve the service life of the stationary jaw plate. In addition, this structure does not affect the discharge of fine ore from the tooth grooves, reducing the blockage of the discharge port by fine ore.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stepped structure on the inner end face of the static jaw plate body has at least three steps.

[0010] Set 3-4 levels of steps, with the height difference between each level being 1.2-1.5 times the maximum particle size of the material.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stepped structure of the inner end face of the static jaw plate body is, from top to bottom, an upper step, a middle step, and a lower step, and the angles between the working surfaces of the upper step, the middle step, and the lower step and the vertical line are 45°, 35°, and 25°, respectively.

[0012] The stepped inclination angle adopts a gradual design of 25°-45° (larger angle at the top, smaller angle at the bottom), forming an "inverted pyramid" shaped crushing chamber. After large pieces of material enter the crushing chamber, they first come into contact with the upper step with a high angle. The 45° inclination angle decomposes the impact force into a normal component (crushing force) and a tangential component (friction force), reducing direct impact. Then, the wavy tooth shape of the middle step causes the material to generate rolling friction, converting some of the impact energy into rotational kinetic energy. Finally, the small inclination angle design of the lower step prolongs the contact time with the material, achieving "soft landing" crushing. Through this stepped inclination angle design, significant noise reduction can be achieved without increasing energy consumption, while improving crushing efficiency.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the materials of the upper step, the middle step and the lower step are, respectively, cemented carbide, high manganese steel and composite steel.

[0014] The cemented carbide can be YG8 cemented carbide, and the composite steel can be high-hardness chromium carbide wear-resistant composite steel. This material change means a gradient distribution of mass. The heavy structure at the top can effectively suppress high-frequency vibration, while the light structure at the bottom can reduce inertial impact, which can also effectively reduce noise.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stepped transition area of ​​the stepped structure on the inner end face of the static jaw plate body is an arc-shaped transition structure.

[0016] Using a rounded transition can avoid stress concentration.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the static jaw plate support structure includes, from the outside to the inside, a back plate, a second buffer layer of the static jaw plate, a rubber constraint layer, a first buffer layer of the static jaw plate, a damping layer, and a working surface layer. The materials of the back plate, the second buffer layer, the rubber constraint layer, the first buffer layer, the damping layer, and the working surface layer are, respectively, Q345B steel plate, nitrile rubber, Q235B steel plate, nitrile rubber, Mn-Cu damping alloy plate, and ZGMn13-4 high manganese steel plate. The outer end face and the inner end face of the rubber constraint layer are respectively provided with an outer buffer layer limiting frame and an inner buffer layer limiting frame for engaging the second buffer layer and the first buffer layer. The surface of the rubber constraint layer is uniformly perforated with holes, and the perforated area accounts for 30%-35% of the entire constraint layer.

[0018] In this scheme, in addition to using a stepped structure to reduce noise, a composite layer damping structure is also used to further reduce noise. The composite layer damping structure can achieve a gradual change in acoustic impedance, reducing sound reflection. From the surface metal layer to the middle rubber layer, a gradual acoustic impedance gradient can be formed, reducing the sound reflection rate to 12% (compared to 68% for traditional structures). In addition, the impact interval of the stepped structure is 2-5ms, which matches the natural frequency of the damping layer of 200-500Hz, thus achieving destructive interference of vibration waves. The rubber constraint layer of the stationary jaw plate in the above structure can limit the lateral deformation of the inner and outer rubber layers, improving the pressure bearing capacity, while the pores in the rubber constraint layer of the stationary jaw plate can form a local damping effect, enhancing the absorption of high-frequency vibrations.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moving jaw plate structure includes a moving jaw plate support structure and a moving jaw plate body. The inner end face of the moving jaw plate body is provided with a straight toothed rack arranged along the feeding and discharging direction, and the straight toothed rack is alternately arranged with wave-shaped crushing teeth.

[0020] The reason why the stationary jaw plate was significantly improved while the moving jaw plate was only slightly improved in this scheme is that such improvements would increase the mass. The increase in mass would require a more powerful motor to drive it. A more powerful motor not only means higher energy consumption but also more noise. Therefore, the improvement of the moving jaw plate structure is relatively small. Here, the ratio of the tooth height h to the tooth pitch t of the linear rack is taken as 0.3-0.4, while the traditional design is 0.5-0.6.

[0021] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a lightweight rubber damping layer is provided between the moving jaw plate support structure and the moving jaw plate body, and a damping layer limiting frame is provided around the lightweight rubber damping layer.

[0022] A damping layer was still installed here, but only a lightweight rubber damping layer was installed to minimize the weight.

[0023] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rubber pad layer is provided between the bottom of the base of the crushing chamber and the mounting surface; the outer wall of the crushing chamber is also covered with a sound-absorbing cotton layer.

[0024] Rubber shock-absorbing pads are installed between the foundation of the crushing chamber and the mounting surface to reduce vibration; in order to minimize noise, a sound-absorbing cotton layer is further wrapped around the outer wall of the crushing chamber.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This solution uses a low-noise jaw crusher, which reduces noise when processing construction waste. In addition, the vibrating screening device in this solution has more than three screening mechanisms, including bar screening mechanism, steel mesh screening mechanism and tension screen screening mechanism from top to bottom. This screening is more precise. After screening, no manual sorting is required. The screened materials can be transported away by conveyor belt.

[0026] 2. In this design, the structure of the stationary jaw plate in the crushing chamber has been adjusted, adopting a stepped jaw plate design. The multi-stage buffer stepped jaw plate structure can effectively reduce the direct impact area between the material and the jaw plate. At the same time, the stepped structure broadens the impact spectrum from the concentrated 500-800Hz to a distribution of 200-1500Hz, avoiding the frequency band sensitive to the human ear. In addition, the crushing action of each step generates a time difference of 5-10ms, which cancels out the sound wave interference. Therefore, the stepped structure significantly reduces the noise during crushing. The wave-shaped crushing teeth increase the contact length between the teeth and the material to be crushed, reduce the wear per unit length, and improve the service life of the stationary jaw plate. In addition, this structure does not affect the discharge of fine ore from the tooth grooves, reducing the blockage of the discharge port by fine ore.

[0027] 3. The stepped inclination angle adopts a gradual design of 25°-45° (larger angle at the top and smaller angle at the bottom), forming an "inverted pyramid" shaped crushing chamber. After large pieces of material enter the crushing chamber, they first come into contact with the upper step with a high angle. The 45° inclination angle decomposes the impact force into a normal component (crushing force) and a tangential component (friction force), reducing direct impact. Then, the wavy tooth shape of the middle step causes the material to generate rolling friction, converting some of the impact energy into rotational kinetic energy. Finally, the small inclination angle design of the lower step prolongs the contact time with the material, achieving "soft landing" crushing. Through this stepped inclination angle design, significant noise reduction can be achieved without increasing energy consumption, while improving crushing efficiency.

[0028] 4. The cemented carbide can be YG8 cemented carbide, and the composite steel can be high-hardness chromium carbide wear-resistant composite steel. This change in materials means a gradient distribution of mass. The heavy structure at the top can effectively suppress high-frequency vibration, while the light structure at the bottom can reduce inertial impact, which can also effectively reduce noise.

[0029] 5. Using a rounded transition can avoid stress concentration.

[0030] 6. In addition to using a stepped structure to reduce noise, this solution also employs a composite layer damping structure to further reduce noise. The composite layer damping structure can achieve a gradual change in acoustic impedance, reducing sound reflection. From the surface metal layer to the middle rubber layer, a gradual acoustic impedance gradient can be formed, reducing the sound reflection rate to 12% (compared to 68% for traditional structures). Furthermore, the impact interval of the stepped structure is 2-5ms, which matches the natural frequency of the damping layer (200-500Hz), thus achieving destructive interference of vibration waves. The rubber constraint layer of the stationary jaw plate in the above structure can limit the lateral deformation of the inner and outer rubber layers, improving the pressure-bearing capacity, while the pores in the rubber constraint layer of the stationary jaw plate can form a local damping effect, enhancing the absorption of high-frequency vibrations.

[0031] 7. The reason why the stationary jaw plate was significantly improved while the moving jaw plate was only slightly improved in this solution is that such improvements would increase the mass. The increase in mass would require a more powerful motor to drive it. A more powerful motor not only means higher energy consumption but also more noise. Therefore, the improvement of the moving jaw plate structure is relatively small. Here, the ratio of the tooth height h to the tooth pitch t of the linear rack is taken as 0.3-0.4, while the traditional design is 0.5-0.6.

[0032] 8. A lightweight rubber damping layer is also provided between the moving jaw plate support structure and the moving jaw plate body.

[0033] 9. Install rubber shock-absorbing pads between the foundation of the crushing chamber and the installation surface to reduce vibration.

[0034] 10. To minimize noise, a layer of sound-absorbing cotton was further wrapped around the outer wall of the crushing chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low-noise jaw crusher of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 A working surface view of the static jaw plate body of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0040] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other.

[0041] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Specific Implementation

[0044] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3A construction waste light and heavy material screening system is shown, including a low-noise jaw crusher, a vibrating screen device 8, and a conveying mechanism. The discharge port of the low-noise jaw crusher is connected to the feed port of the vibrating screen device 8. The inner cavity of the vibrating screen device 8 includes a bar screening mechanism, a steel plate mesh screening mechanism, and a tension screen screening mechanism arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt, which is located below the discharge port of each chute of the vibrating screen device 8.

[0045] This solution uses a low-noise jaw crusher, resulting in lower noise when processing construction waste. Furthermore, the vibrating screening device in this solution has three or more screening mechanisms, from top to bottom: a bar screening mechanism, a steel mesh screening mechanism, and a tension screen screening mechanism. This screening method provides finer results, eliminating the need for manual sorting after screening. The screened materials can be transported away using a conveyor belt. The specific screening process is as follows: Material enters the vibrating screening device. Under the action of the vibrator, the material is diverted by the bar screening mechanism and flows evenly downwards. Material with a diameter of 0-30mm passes through the screen holes of the steel mesh screening mechanism and falls onto the tension screen screening mechanism. Material with a diameter greater than 30mm enters the second chute 82 on the right side of the vibrating screening device. Materials with a diameter of 0-30mm enter the tensioned screen screening mechanism. Heavier materials (0-5mm) fall below the screen openings under the tension of the screen and are conveyed out by a belt conveyor. Lighter materials (0-5mm) and materials with a diameter of 5-30mm enter the No. 1 chute 81 on the right side of the vibrating screen. Materials larger than 30mm are placed in the No. 2 chute 82 on the right side of the vibrating screening device; under the action of the blower, the light materials are blown from the No. 2 chute 82 to the No. 1 chute 81.

[0046] Light materials of 0-5mm, materials of 5-30mm, and light materials >30mm enter the belt conveyor from the first chute 81. The mixed material enters the second vibrating screen device (tensioned screen). On the tensioned screen, the heavy materials of 5-30mm fall below the screen holes of the tensioned screen under the tensioning action of the screening mechanism; the light materials of 0-5mm, 5-30mm, and >30mm fall from the screen of the second vibrating screen device, forming a mixed light material. Specific Implementation

[0047] This embodiment further describes the low-noise jaw crusher based on specific embodiment 1. The low-noise jaw crusher includes a crushing chamber 1. A stationary jaw plate structure 2 and a moving jaw plate structure 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the crushing chamber. The upper part of the moving jaw plate structure 3 is connected to a pulley via an eccentric shaft 4. The pulley is connected to a motor. The lower outer end of the moving jaw plate structure 3 is connected to an adjustment device 5. The feature is that the stationary jaw plate structure 2 includes a stationary jaw plate support structure 21 and a stationary jaw plate body 22. The side of the stationary jaw plate support structure 21 facing the moving jaw plate structure 3 is a vertical support surface. The stationary jaw plate body 22 is set on the vertical support surface. The inner end face of the longitudinal section of the stationary jaw plate body 22 is stepped. The length of the inner end face of the stationary jaw plate body 22 extending into the crushing channel from top to bottom gradually shortens. The inner end of the stationary jaw plate body 22 is evenly provided with wavy crushing teeth 6.

[0048] In this design, the structure of the stationary jaw plate in the crushing chamber has been adjusted, adopting a stepped jaw plate design. The multi-stage buffer stepped jaw plate structure can effectively reduce the direct impact area between the material and the jaw plate. At the same time, the stepped structure broadens the impact spectrum from the concentrated 500-800Hz to a distribution of 200-1500Hz, avoiding the frequency band sensitive to the human ear. In addition, the crushing action of each step generates a time difference of 5-10ms, which cancels out the sound wave interference. Therefore, the stepped structure significantly reduces the noise during crushing. The wave-shaped crushing teeth increase the contact length between the teeth and the material to be crushed, reduce the wear per unit length, and improve the service life of the stationary jaw plate. In addition, this structure does not affect the discharge of fine ore from the tooth grooves, reducing the blockage of the discharge port by fine ore. Specific Implementation

[0049] This embodiment further describes the static jaw plate body 22 based on specific embodiment 1. The stepped structure on the inner end face of the static jaw plate body 22 has at least three steps.

[0050] Set 3-4 levels of steps, with the height difference between each level being 1.2-1.5 times the maximum particle size of the material. Specific Implementation

[0051] This embodiment further describes the stationary jaw plate body 22 based on specific embodiment 3. The stepped structure of the inner end face of the stationary jaw plate body 22 is, from top to bottom, an upper step, a middle step, and a lower step. The angles between the working surfaces of the upper step, the middle step, and the lower step and the vertical line are 45°, 35°, and 25°, respectively.

[0052] The stepped inclination angle adopts a gradual design of 25°-45° (larger angle at the top, smaller angle at the bottom), forming an "inverted pyramid" shaped crushing chamber. After large pieces of material enter the crushing chamber, they first come into contact with the upper step with a high angle. The 45° inclination angle decomposes the impact force into a normal component (crushing force) and a tangential component (friction force), reducing direct impact. Then, the wavy tooth shape of the middle step causes the material to generate rolling friction, converting some of the impact energy into rotational kinetic energy. Finally, the small inclination angle design of the lower step prolongs the contact time with the material, achieving "soft landing" crushing. Through this stepped inclination angle design, significant noise reduction can be achieved without increasing energy consumption, while improving crushing efficiency. Specific Implementation

[0053] This embodiment further describes the upper, middle, and lower steps based on specific embodiment 4. The materials of the upper, middle, and lower steps are cemented carbide, high-manganese steel, and composite steel, respectively.

[0054] The cemented carbide can be YG8 cemented carbide, and the composite steel can be high-hardness chromium carbide wear-resistant composite steel. This material change means a gradient distribution of mass. The heavy structure at the top can effectively suppress high-frequency vibration, while the light structure at the bottom can reduce inertial impact, which can also effectively reduce noise. Specific Implementation

[0055] This embodiment further describes the static jaw plate body 22 based on specific embodiment 1. The stepped transition area of ​​the stepped structure on the inner end face of the static jaw plate body 22 is an arc transition structure.

[0056] Using a rounded transition can avoid stress concentration. Specific Implementation

[0057] This embodiment further describes the stationary jaw plate support structure 21 based on specific embodiment 1. The stationary jaw plate support structure 21 includes, from the outside to the inside, a back plate 211, a second buffer layer 212 of the stationary jaw plate, a rubber restraint layer 213, a first buffer layer 214 of the stationary jaw plate, a damping layer 215, and a working surface layer 216. The surface layer 216 is made of Q345B steel plate, nitrile rubber, Q235B steel plate, nitrile rubber, Mn-Cu damping alloy plate and ZGMn13-4 high manganese steel plate, respectively. The outer end face and inner end face of the rubber constraint layer 213 are respectively provided with an outer buffer layer limiting frame and an inner buffer layer limiting frame for snapping the second buffer layer 212 and the first buffer layer 214. The surface of the rubber constraint layer 213 is uniformly perforated with holes, and the perforation area accounts for 30%-35% of the entire constraint layer.

[0058] In this scheme, in addition to using a stepped structure to reduce noise, a composite layer damping structure is also used to further reduce noise. The composite layer damping structure can achieve a gradual change in acoustic impedance, reducing sound reflection. From the surface metal layer to the middle rubber layer, a gradual acoustic impedance gradient can be formed, reducing the sound reflection rate to 12% (compared to 68% for traditional structures). In addition, the impact interval of the stepped structure is 2-5ms, which matches the natural frequency of the damping layer of 200-500Hz, thus achieving destructive interference of vibration waves. The rubber constraint layer of the stationary jaw plate in the above structure can limit the lateral deformation of the inner and outer rubber layers, improving the pressure bearing capacity, while the pores in the rubber constraint layer of the stationary jaw plate can form a local damping effect, enhancing the absorption of high-frequency vibrations. Specific Implementation

[0059] This embodiment further describes the moving jaw plate structure 3 based on specific embodiment 1. The moving jaw plate structure 3 includes a moving jaw plate support structure 31 and a moving jaw plate body 32. The inner end face of the moving jaw plate body (32) is provided with a straight toothed rack 7 arranged along the feeding and discharging direction. The straight toothed rack 7 is interleaved with the wave-shaped crushing teeth 6.

[0060] The reason why the stationary jaw plate was significantly improved while the moving jaw plate was only slightly improved in this scheme is that such improvements would increase the mass. The increase in mass would require a more powerful motor to drive it. A more powerful motor not only means higher energy consumption but also more noise. Therefore, the improvement of the moving jaw plate structure is relatively small. Here, the ratio of the tooth height h to the tooth pitch t of the linear rack is taken as 0.3-0.4, while the traditional design is 0.5-0.6. Specific Implementation

[0061] This embodiment further describes the moving jaw plate support structure 31 based on specific embodiment 8. A lightweight rubber damping layer 33 is also provided between the moving jaw plate support structure 31 and the moving jaw plate body 32. A damping layer limiting frame is provided around the lightweight rubber damping layer 33.

[0062] A lightweight rubber damping layer is also provided between the moving jaw plate support structure and the moving jaw plate body. Specific Implementation Example 10: This embodiment further describes the crushing chamber 1 based on specific embodiment 7. A rubber pad layer is also provided between the bottom of the base of the crushing chamber 1 and the mounting surface; the outer wall of the crushing chamber 1 is also covered with a sound-absorbing cotton layer.

[0064] Rubber shock-absorbing pads are installed between the foundation of the crushing chamber and the mounting surface to reduce vibration; in order to minimize noise, a sound-absorbing cotton layer is further wrapped around the outer wall of the crushing chamber.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for separating light and heavy materials in construction waste, characterized in that: It includes a low-noise jaw crusher, a vibrating screening device (8) and a conveying mechanism. The discharge port of the low-noise jaw crusher is connected to the feed port of the vibrating screening device (8). The inner cavity of the vibrating screening device (8) includes a bar screening mechanism, a steel plate mesh screening mechanism and a tension screen screening mechanism arranged from top to bottom. The conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt, which is set below the discharge port of each chute of the vibrating screening device. The low-noise jaw crusher includes a crushing chamber (1), and a stationary jaw plate structure (2) and a moving jaw plate structure (3) are respectively provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the crushing chamber (1). The stationary jaw plate structure (2) includes a stationary jaw plate support structure (21) and a stationary jaw plate body (22). The stationary jaw plate support structure (21) includes, from the outside to the inside, a back plate (211), a second buffer layer (212) of the stationary jaw plate, a rubber restraint layer (213), a first buffer layer (214) of the stationary jaw plate, a damping layer (215), and a working surface layer (216). The materials of the back plate (211), the second buffer layer (212), the rubber restraint layer (213), the first buffer layer (214), the damping layer (215), and the working surface layer (216) are Q, respectively. The rubber constraint layer (213) is provided with an outer buffer layer limiting frame and an inner buffer layer limiting frame for engaging the second buffer layer (212) and the first buffer layer (214) of the stationary jaw plate, respectively. The surface of the rubber constraint layer (213) is uniformly perforated with holes, and the perforation area accounts for 30%-35% of the entire constraint layer.

2. The construction waste light and heavy material screening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the moving jaw plate structure (3) is connected to the pulley via an eccentric shaft (4), the pulley is connected to the motor, and the lower outer end of the moving jaw plate structure (3) is connected to the adjustment device (5); the side of the stationary jaw plate support structure (21) facing the moving jaw plate structure (3) is a vertical support surface, the stationary jaw plate body (22) is set on the vertical support surface, the inner end face of the longitudinal section of the stationary jaw plate body (22) is stepped, and the length of the inner end face of the stationary jaw plate body (22) extending into the crushing channel from top to bottom gradually becomes shorter, and the inner end of the stationary jaw plate body (22) is evenly provided with wave-shaped crushing teeth (6).

3. The construction waste light and heavy material screening system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stepped structure on the inner end face of the static jaw plate body (22) has at least three steps.

4. The construction waste light and heavy material screening system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stepped structure on the inner end face of the static jaw plate body (22) consists of an upper step, a middle step, and a lower step from top to bottom. The working surfaces of the upper step, the middle step, and the lower step are at angles of 45°, 35°, and 25° to the vertical line, respectively.

5. The construction waste light and heavy material screening system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper, middle, and lower steps are made of cemented carbide, high-manganese steel, and composite steel, respectively.

6. The construction waste light and heavy material screening system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stepped transition area of ​​the stepped structure on the inner end face of the static jaw plate body (22) is an arc-shaped transition structure.

7. The construction waste light and heavy material screening system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving jaw plate structure (3) includes a moving jaw plate support structure (31) and a moving jaw plate body (32). The inner end face of the moving jaw plate body (32) is provided with a straight toothed rack (7) arranged along the feeding and discharging direction. The straight toothed rack (7) is interleaved with the wave-shaped crushing teeth (6).

8. The construction waste light and heavy material screening system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A lightweight rubber damping layer (33) is provided between the moving jaw plate support structure (31) and the moving jaw plate body (32), and a damping layer limiting frame is provided around the lightweight rubber damping layer (33).

9. The construction waste light and heavy material screening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber pad layer is provided between the bottom of the base of the crushing chamber (1) and the mounting surface; the outer wall of the crushing chamber (1) is also covered with a sound-absorbing cotton layer.

Images