High-wear-resistance and high-flame-retardance polyvinyl chloride material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-wear-resistance and high-flame-retardancy polyvinyl chloride material and a preparation method thereof. The polyvinyl chloride material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 20-30 parts of a plasticizer, 30-50 parts of a flame retardant, 15-25 parts of a wear-resistant agent, 5-10 parts of a heat stabilizer and 2-5 parts of a lubricant. The obtained high-wear-resistance and high-flame-retardance polyvinyl chloride material is small in wear-resistant loss and uniform in scratch distribution, the oxygen index is 35 or above, and a cable made of the high-wear-resistance and high-flame-retardance polyvinyl chloride material is good in wear resistance and excellent in flame retardance and can smoothly pass a bunched combustion class-A test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wire and cable materials, and in particular to a highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a widely used thermoplastic, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin plays a vital role in the wire and cable industry. With the continuous expansion of global power infrastructure, the demand for cables continues to rise, especially in complex environments such as underground pipelines, inside buildings, and industrial plants. However, the cable sheath in these environments is often affected by various friction forces, such as friction during laying, vibration and movement friction during long-term use, which makes the cable sheath easy to wear, thus affecting the service life and safety of the cable.

[0003] In addition, in the construction and industrial fields, fire safety has always been a top priority. Once a cable catches fire, the fire will spread rapidly along the cable, and the smoke and toxic gases produced will pose a serious threat to personnel evacuation and fire rescue work. Especially in high-rise buildings, crowded places and important industrial facilities, the flame retardant performance requirements of cables are particularly strict. However, most of the polyvinyl chloride materials on the current market often find it difficult to meet the dual requirements of high wear resistance and high flame retardancy at the same time, which limits their application in specific fields. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material and a preparation method thereof. The obtained polyvinyl chloride material has low wear loss, uniform scratch distribution and an oxygen index of more than 35. The cable made thereof has good wear resistance and excellent flame retardant properties and can smoothly pass the bundled combustion Class A test.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007]

[0008] Preferably, the PVC resin is a polyvinyl chloride resin with a degree of polymerization of 1000, which provides a basic matrix structure and certain mechanical properties for the cable material.

[0009] Preferably, the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate (DOP for short), which improves the flexibility and processing properties of polyvinyl chloride and makes the cable material easier to shape.

[0010] Preferably, the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant system composed of aluminum hydroxide and ammonium polyphosphate in a mass ratio of (2-3): (1-2); aluminum hydroxide decomposes at high temperature to absorb heat, reduce the surface temperature of the material, and releases water vapor to dilute the concentration of combustible gas; ammonium polyphosphate forms a carbon layer with heat insulation and oxygen isolation during the combustion process, effectively preventing the spread of fire.

[0011] Preferably, the wear-resistant agent is a mixture of nano-silicon dioxide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder in a mass ratio of (2-3): (1-2); nano-silicon dioxide has high hardness and small size effect, can be evenly dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride matrix, and improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the material; polytetrafluoroethylene powder has an extremely low friction coefficient, which can further reduce the wear of the cable material during use.

[0012] Preferably, the heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, which effectively prevents thermal degradation and aging of polyvinyl chloride during processing and use, and ensures the stability of the material.

[0013] Preferably, the lubricant is stearic acid, which reduces the friction between the material and the processing equipment, improves the processing efficiency, and also helps to improve the surface quality of the cable material.

[0014] A method for preparing a highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Weigh each component according to the specified mass ratio and set aside;

[0016] S2, PVC resin, plasticizer, heat stabilizer and flame retardant are introduced into a high-speed kneader for initial mixing according to the dosage, and then lubricant and anti-wear agent are added for mixing to obtain a uniform mixture;

[0017] S3, discharge the uniformly mixed mixture into a twin-screw extruder for plasticization and mixing, and then enter a single-screw extruder for granulation;

[0018] S4. Dry the extruded plastic to obtain the desired highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the jacket temperature of the high-speed kneader is 95-105° C., the first mixing time is 5-10 min, and the second mixing time is 30-90 s.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, the twin-screw extruder is divided into nine zones, and the corresponding temperatures are 125±10°C in zone 1, 125±10°C in zone 2, 130±10°C in zone 3, 135±10°C in zone 4, 140±10°C in zone 5, 145±10°C in zone 6, 150±10°C in zone 7, 155±10°C in zone 8, and 155±10°C in zone 9; the single-screw extruder granulator is divided into four zones, and the corresponding temperatures are 110±10°C in zone 1, 120±20°C in zone 2, 130±20°C in zone 3, and 140±10°C in zone 4.

[0021] Preferably, in step S3, the temperature for drying the plastic is 50-60° C., and the drying time is 2 hours.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] A. The present invention significantly improves the wear resistance of polyvinyl chloride materials by introducing a wear-resistant agent composed of nano-silicon dioxide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The high hardness and small size effect of nano-silicon dioxide and the extremely low friction coefficient of polytetrafluoroethylene powder work together on the material surface, effectively reducing wear and extending the service life of the cable.

[0024] B. The present invention adopts a composite flame retardant system composed of aluminum hydroxide and ammonium polyphosphate to achieve excellent flame retardant effect. Aluminum hydroxide decomposes at high temperature to absorb heat and release water vapor, reducing the surface temperature of the material and diluting the concentration of combustible gas; ammonium polyphosphate forms a carbon layer during the combustion process, isolating heat and oxygen, and effectively preventing the spread of fire. This enables the cable made by the present invention to successfully pass the bundled combustion Class A test, improving fire safety.

[0025] C. The present invention achieves a balance between high wear resistance and high flame retardancy by accurately proportioning the components. The obtained polyvinyl chloride material not only has good wear resistance but also excellent flame retardancy, meeting the dual requirements of cables in complex environments.

[0026] D. The preparation method provided by the present invention includes the steps of high-speed kneading, twin-screw extrusion plasticizing and mixing, and single-screw extrusion granulation, which optimizes the processing temperature and time, ensures the uniformity and plasticizing effect of the material. At the same time, the use of stearic acid as a lubricant reduces the friction between the material and the processing equipment, improves the processing efficiency, and helps to improve the surface quality of the cable material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Examples 1-6 of the present invention respectively provide a highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material, and the weight proportions of the components are shown in the following table:

[0029] Table 1 Weight proportions of components in Examples 1-6

[0030]

[0031] In the above examples, the PVC resin was purchased from Ningbo Formosa Plastics Corporation, the plasticizer was purchased from Jiangsu Senhe Company, the flame retardant was purchased from Muli Antimony Company, and the calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizer was purchased from Germany's Bear Brand Company.

[0032] The preparation method of highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. Weigh each component according to the specified mass ratio and set aside;

[0034] S2, PVC resin, plasticizer, heat stabilizer and flame retardant are introduced into a high-speed kneader for initial mixing according to the dosage, and then lubricant and anti-wear agent are added for mixing to obtain a uniform mixture;

[0035] S3, discharge the uniformly mixed mixture into a twin-screw extruder for plasticization and mixing, and then enter a single-screw extruder for granulation;

[0036] S4. Dry the extruded plastic to obtain the desired highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material.

[0037] The process parameters during the preparation of Examples 1-6 are shown in the following table.

[0038] Table 2 Production process of Examples 1-6

[0039]

[0040] Different highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride materials are prepared using the above embodiments and processes.

[0041] Performance Test:

[0042] The highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride materials prepared according to the components of Examples 1-6 in Table 1 and the process ratios of Examples 1-6 in Table 2 were tested and compared with the commercially available CVC9012 product as a comparative example. The test results are shown in the data in Table 3.

[0043] Table 3 Test results

[0044]

[0045] As shown in Table 3, the highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride materials prepared in the above-mentioned Examples 1-6 have excellent mechanical properties, high wear resistance and flame retardant properties; the comparative examples have a large loss in wear resistance test under the same conditions, and the flame retardant properties are not as high as those of the embodiments. The comparative examples have defects in different aspects, and it is difficult to balance all properties. The highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride materials of the present invention have excellent wear resistance and excellent flame retardant properties.

[0046] Anything not described in the present invention is applicable to the prior art.

[0047] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. However, the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly wear-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material, characterized in that: It is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

2. The highly wear-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVC resin is a polyvinyl chloride resin with a polymerization degree of 1000.

3. The highly wear-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate.

4. The highly wear-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant is a composite flame retardant system composed of aluminum hydroxide and ammonium polyphosphate in a mass ratio of (2-3): (1-2).

5. The highly wear-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-wear agent is a mixture of nano silicon dioxide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder in a mass ratio of (2-3): (1-2).

6. The highly wear-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer.

7. The highly wear-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant is stearic acid.

8. A method for preparing the highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Weigh each component according to the specified mass ratio and set aside; S2, PVC resin, plasticizer, heat stabilizer and flame retardant are introduced into a high-speed kneader for first mixing according to the amount, and then lubricant and wear-resistant agent are added for second mixing to obtain a uniform mixture; S3, discharge the uniformly mixed mixture into a twin-screw extruder for plasticization and mixing, and then enter a single-screw extruder for granulation; S4. Dry the extruded plastic to obtain the desired highly wear-resistant and highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the jacket temperature of the high-speed kneading machine is 95-105° C., the first mixing time is 5-10 minutes, and the second mixing time is 30-90 seconds.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the twin-screw extruder is divided into nine zones, and the corresponding temperatures are 125±10°C in zone 1, 125±10°C in zone 2, 130±10°C in zone 3, 135±10°C in zone 4, 140±10°C in zone 5, 145±10°C in zone 6, 150±10°C in zone 7, 155±10°C in zone 8, and 155±10°C in zone 9; the single-screw extruder granulator is divided into four zones, and the corresponding temperatures are 110±10°C in zone 1, 120±20°C in zone 2, 130±20°C in zone 3, and 140±10°C in zone 4.

11. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the temperature for drying the plastic is 50-60° C. and the drying time is 2 hours.

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