Composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of composite materials. According to the preparation method, liquid mixing and solid mixing are combined at the same time, in the liquid mixing process, a soluble material and an insoluble material are distinguished, a small amount of the soluble material and the insoluble material are added multiple times in sequence, the soluble material and the insoluble material can be evenly dispersed in a solvent through the mixing mode, then drying is conducted, and solid mixing is conducted; according to the preparation method of the composite material, the composite material which is uniform in mixing and good in particle dispersity can be obtained, the property change of the components can be effectively avoided, meanwhile, the conditions of agglomeration or coating and the like among the components can be avoided, and the obtained composite material is uniform in mixing and good in particle dispersity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular to a composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Composite materials refer to materials that are composed of two or more different substances in different ways. They can give full play to the advantages of various materials, overcome the defects of single materials, and expand the application range of materials. Composite materials have the characteristics of light weight, high strength, convenient processing and molding, excellent elasticity, chemical corrosion resistance and good weather resistance, etc., and have gradually replaced wood and metal alloys, and are widely used in aerospace, automobile, electronic and electrical, construction, fitness equipment and other fields. In recent years, they have been rapidly developed.

[0003] Composite materials are a kind of mixture. They play a great role in many fields and replace many traditional materials. Composite materials are divided into metal-metal composite materials, non-metal-metal composite materials, and non-metal-non-metal composite materials according to their composition.

[0004] Among them, polymer materials can be compounded with ceramic or metal materials. When compounding, direct mechanical stirring and mixing is usually adopted. This compounding method will lead to uneven mixing and the material is prone to agglomeration.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a composite material and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite material, comprising:

[0009] The components of the composite material are divided into soluble materials and insoluble materials according to whether they are soluble in the solvent;

[0010] Dissolving the soluble material in the solvent in small amounts for multiple times, stirring at a first speed, with an interval of 10-60 minutes between each addition, adding the soluble material one by one until the soluble material is completely added, and continuing to stir until the soluble material is completely dissolved, to obtain a soluble material solution;

[0011] Then, the insoluble material is added to the soluble material solution in small amounts and multiple times, the rotation speed is increased to a second rotation speed for stirring, the insoluble materials are added one by one, and stirring is continued for more than 1 hour to obtain a composite material solution;

[0012] The composite material solution is dried, the dried product is crushed and ground into composite powder with a particle size of less than 500 μm, and the composite powder is mixed with grinding balls in a solid state to obtain the composite material.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, when there are multiple types of the soluble material and / or the insoluble material, one type of the soluble material and / or the insoluble material is first added in small amounts multiple times, and then another type of the soluble material and / or the insoluble material is added in small amounts multiple times;

[0014] Preferably, each time a new insoluble material is added, the rotation speed is increased by 100-300 rpm based on the previous rotation speed, wherein the second rotation speed is used as the first rotation speed.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the first rotation speed is 200-300 rpm, and the second rotation speed is 300-500 rpm.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the pulverizing includes pulverizing into small pieces of (0.4-0.6) cm×(0.4-0.6) cm.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the grinding includes grinding using any one of a frozen ball mill and a liquid nitrogen grinder.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the solid-state mixing includes placing the composite powder and the grinding balls into a cylindrical container, and placing the container between two rotating cylinders rotating in the same direction for solid-state mixing;

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of the composite powder to the grinding balls is 1:1-5;

[0020] Preferably, the rotation speed of the rotating cylinder is 200-500 rpm;

[0021] Preferably, the solid-state mixing time is 30-60 min.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the dissolvable material comprises a polymer material;

[0023] Preferably, the polymer material comprises at least one of polylactic acid, lactide-caprolactone copolymer, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polycaprolactone, polydioxane, fibrin, saccharide polysaccharide, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid and chitosan.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the insoluble material includes a ceramic material and a metal material;

[0025] Preferably, the ceramic material comprises at least one of bioglass, hydroxyapatite, white apatite, tricalcium phosphate and silicon oxide;

[0026] Preferably, the metal material includes at least one of magnesium oxide, strontium oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium powder, zinc powder, iron powder, calcium powder and titanium powder.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the solvent includes at least one of water, alcohol, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, chloroform, toluene, formaldehyde and propylene glycol.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a composite material, which is prepared by the method for preparing a composite material as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The preparation method of the composite material provided by the present invention combines liquid mixing and solid mixing at the same time, and in the liquid mixing, soluble materials and insoluble materials are distinguished and added in small amounts multiple times in succession. This mixing method can evenly disperse the soluble materials and insoluble materials in the solvent, and then after drying and solid mixing, a composite material with uniform mixing and good particle dispersion can be obtained. The preparation method of the composite material provided by the present invention can effectively avoid changes in the properties of the components, and can also avoid agglomeration or coating between the components. The obtained composite material is evenly mixed and has good particle dispersion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the mixing effect of the composite material provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the mixing effect of the composite material provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the mixing effect of the composite material provided in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0036] The present invention provides a method for preparing a composite material, which comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. The components of the composite material are divided into soluble materials and insoluble materials according to whether they are soluble in a solvent.

[0038] The soluble material includes a polymer material; preferably, the polymer material includes but is not limited to at least one of polylactic acid, lactide-caprolactone copolymer, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polycaprolactone, polydioxane, fibrin, saccharide polysaccharide, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid and chitosan.

[0039] Insoluble materials include ceramic materials and metal materials; preferably, the ceramic materials include but are not limited to at least one of bioglass, hydroxyapatite, white apatite, tricalcium phosphate and silicon oxide; preferably, the metal materials include but are not limited to at least one of magnesium oxide, strontium oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium powder, zinc powder, iron powder, calcium powder and titanium powder.

[0040] The solvent includes, but is not limited to, at least one of water, alcohol, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, chloroform, toluene, formaldehyde and propylene glycol.

[0041] In the present invention, the components of the composite material include 10-90% of soluble material and 10-90% of insoluble material by mass percentage.

[0042] In the present invention, by distinguishing the components of the composite material, it is convenient to separately process the different components in the subsequent process, thereby improving the mixing effect of the composite material.

[0043] S2. Dissolve the soluble material in the solvent in small amounts and multiple times, stir at a first speed, add the soluble material one by one until the soluble material is added, and continue to stir until the soluble material is completely dissolved to obtain a soluble material solution.

[0044] In the present invention, the first rotation speed is 200-300 rpm, and the stirring methods include but are not limited to magnetic stirring, blade stirring or flip stirring, etc. Since step S2 is to dissolve the soluble material, it is necessary to maintain the first rotation speed for stirring during the entire dissolution process.

[0045] When there is only one soluble material, it can be added and dissolved in small amounts and multiple times. The number of additions can be, for example, 3-5 times. The addition of small amounts and multiple times can ensure that the soluble material dissolves more quickly and is dispersed more evenly.

[0046] When there are multiple soluble materials, first add one soluble material in small amounts and multiple times, and then add another soluble material in small amounts and multiple times. By adding them in sequence, it can be ensured that the soluble materials dissolve more quickly and are dispersed more evenly.

[0047] S3, then adding the insoluble material to the soluble material solution in small amounts and multiple times, increasing the speed to the second speed for stirring, adding the insoluble materials one by one, and continuing stirring for more than 1 hour to obtain a composite material solution;

[0048] In the present invention, the second rotation speed is 300-500 rpm, which is greater than the first rotation speed. Since step S3 is to continue mixing the insoluble material, the insoluble material will be suspended and dispersed in the soluble material solution, and the mixing effect can be improved by increasing the rotation speed.

[0049] When there is only one insoluble material, it can be added and dispersed in small amounts and multiple times. The number of additions can be, for example, 3-5 times. The addition of small amounts and multiple times can ensure that the insoluble material is dispersed more quickly and more evenly.

[0050] When there are multiple insoluble materials, first add one insoluble material in small amounts multiple times, and then add another insoluble material in small amounts multiple times. By adding in sequence, the dispersion of the insoluble materials can be ensured to be faster and more uniform. In addition, each time a new insoluble material is added, the speed is increased by 100-300rpm based on the previous speed. If the speed is not increased, the composite material will be evenly distributed, wherein the second speed is used as the first speed.

[0051] S4, drying the composite material solution, crushing the dried product and grinding it into composite powder with a particle size of less than 500 μm, and mixing the composite powder with grinding balls in a solid state to obtain a composite material.

[0052] In the present invention, the composite material solution is dried in various ways, such as air drying in a fume hood overnight to remove the solvent, or drying by drying in an oven. In the present invention, the dried material is loose and not easy to agglomerate, which is conducive to subsequent crushing and grinding.

[0053] The pulverization of the present invention includes pulverizing into small pieces of (0.4-0.6) cm×(0.4-0.6) cm. The dry powder is firstly reduced in size by pulverizing, so as to improve the efficiency of subsequent grinding.

[0054] In the present invention, grinding includes using any one of a frozen ball mill and a liquid nitrogen grinder. The crushed dry material can be ground into a composite powder with a particle size of less than 500 μm. Since the composite material of the present invention contains a polymer material, low-temperature grinding is required during grinding, and a blade grinder cannot be used for grinding. This is because the blade grinder will generate a lot of heat during the grinding process, thereby causing the chemical properties of some polymer materials to change, which is not conducive to the subsequent preparation of the composite material.

[0055] After grinding, the composite powder and grinding balls are placed in a cylindrical container, the mass ratio of the composite powder to the grinding balls is 1:1-5, and the grinding balls include but are not limited to stainless steel balls, zirconium oxide balls, aluminum oxide balls, etc.; the container is placed between two rotating cylinders rotating in the same direction for solid-state mixing, the rotation speed of the rotating cylinders is 200-500rpm, and the solid-state mixing time is 30-60min.

[0056] When the container rotates with the rotating cylinder, the grinding balls are attached to the liner of the container due to inertia, centrifugal force and friction, and are driven by the container. When they are brought to a certain height, they are thrown down due to their own gravity, and the falling grinding balls crush the materials in the container like projectiles, thereby achieving further mixing and grinding of the composite powder.

[0057] The composite material prepared by mixing in the above manner of first mixing in liquid state and then mixing in solid state is mixed evenly and has good particle dispersion.

[0058] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This embodiment provides a composite material, which includes 80% polylactic acid and 20% hydroxyapatite by mass.

[0061] The preparation method includes: first, using a liquid mixing method, 8g of polylactic acid is added to 10mL of dichloromethane rotating at 200rpm in four times, 2g each time, with an interval of 10min each time, and the mixing is continued for 30 minutes after the addition is completed. Then, hydroxyapatite is added to the solution in four times in a similar manner, the rotation speed is adjusted to 500rpm, and the mixing is continued for 1 hour after the addition of the materials is completed, and then the mixed solution is poured into a stainless steel tray and spread and air-dried in a fume hood overnight to remove the dichloromethane to obtain a dry product. The liquid mixed material will continue to be mixed in the form of solid state, the dry product is cut into small pieces of 0.5×0.5cm, and is placed in a liquid nitrogen grinder to be processed into a powder of 500μm, and the ground composite powder is further placed in a cylindrical bottle, and 10g of stainless steel grinding balls are placed in the bottle at the same time, and mixed between two rotating cylinders rotating at 200rpm in the same direction, and the final composite material is obtained after mixing for 30min.

[0062] Result: Mixed evenly, with good particle dispersion. Figure 1 As shown, the yellow marked points are calcium ions in hydroxyapatite, which are evenly distributed.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This embodiment provides a composite material, which includes, by mass percentage, 40% polycaprolactone, 40% polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, 10% tricalcium phosphate and 10% silicon oxide.

[0065] The preparation method comprises: firstly, using a liquid mixing method, 4g of polycaprolactone is added into 10mL of dichloromethane with a magnetic rotation of 300rpm in four times, 1g at a time, with an interval of 20min for each addition, and then, using a similar method, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer is added into the solution four times, and mixing is continued for 30 minutes after the addition is completed. Then, using a similar method, bioglass is added into the solution four times, with an interval of 20min for each addition, and the rotation speed is adjusted to 400rpm. Using a similar method, silicon oxide is added into the solution four times, and the rotation speed is adjusted to 500rpm. After the addition of the materials, mixing is continued for 1 hour, and then the mixed solution is poured into a stainless steel tray, spread out, and air-dried overnight in a fume hood to remove dichloromethane to obtain a dry product. The materials after liquid mixing will continue to be mixed in the form of solid state. The dried materials will be cut into small pieces of 0.4×0.4 cm and put into a frozen ball mill to be processed into 600 μm powder. The ground composite powder will be further placed in a cylindrical bottle. At the same time, 20g of stainless steel grinding balls are placed in the bottle. The mixture is mixed between two rotating cylinders rotating at 300 rpm in the same direction. After mixing for 50 minutes, the final composite material is obtained.

[0066] Result: Mixing is uniform and the particle dispersion is good. Figure 2 As shown, the yellow marked points are calcium ions in tricalcium phosphate, and the pink marked points are silicon ions in silicon dioxide, and their distribution is uniform.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment provides a composite material, which includes, by mass percentage, 30% collagen, 30% hyaluronic acid, 20% magnesium oxide, and 20% strontium oxide.

[0069] The preparation method comprises: firstly, using a liquid mixing method, putting 1g of lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer into 10mL0.1M acetic acid rotating at 300rpm magnetic force in three times, and the interval between each addition is 35min, and then using a similar method to add sugar polysaccharide to the solution three times, and continue mixing for 30 minutes after the addition is completed. Then, using a similar method to add magnesium oxide to the solution four times, and the interval between each addition is 35min, and the rotation speed is adjusted to 500rpm. Using a similar method to add strontium oxide to the solution four times, and the rotation speed is adjusted to 700rpm. After the addition of the materials, continue mixing for 1 hour, and then pour the mixed solution into a stainless steel tray, spread it out, and air-dry it in a fume hood overnight to remove dichloromethane to obtain a dry product. The materials after liquid mixing will continue to be mixed in the form of solid state. The dried materials will be cut into small pieces of 0.6×0.6 cm and put into a liquid nitrogen grinder to be processed into 700 μm powder. The ground composite powder will be further placed in a cylindrical bottle. At the same time, 30g of stainless steel grinding balls are placed in the bottle. The mixture is mixed between two rotating cylinders rotating at 500 rpm in the same direction. After mixing for 60 minutes, the final composite material is obtained.

[0070] Result: Mixing is uniform and the particle dispersion is good. Figure 3 As shown, the yellow marked points are magnesium ions in magnesium oxide, and the pink marked points are strontium ions in strontium oxide, and their distribution is uniform.

[0071] Comparative Example 1

[0072] The mixing order of this comparative example is different from that of Example 1. In this comparative example, solid mixing is first performed, and then liquid mixing is performed. The specific operation is as follows:

[0073] The raw materials (8g polylactic acid and 2g hydroxyapatite) were put into a liquid nitrogen grinder and processed into a powder of 500μm. The ground material powder was further placed in a cylindrical bottle, and 10g stainless steel grinding balls were placed. It was mixed between two rotating cylinders rotating at 200rpm in the same direction. After mixing for 30min, solid-state mixing was completed. Then, the composite material was placed in 10mL dichloromethane rotating at 500rpm magnetic force in a liquid mixing manner of 2.5g 4 times, with an interval of 10min for each addition, and continued to mix for one hour after the addition was completed. The mixed solution was then poured into a stainless steel tray and spread out and air-dried overnight in a fume hood to remove dichloromethane to obtain a composite material.

[0074] Comparative Example 2

[0075] This comparative example only carried out solid-state mixing, and the specific operation was as follows:

[0076] The raw materials (8 g polylactic acid and 2 g hydroxyapatite) were placed in a liquid nitrogen grinder and processed into 500 μm powder. The ground material powder was further placed in a cylindrical bottle, and 10 g of stainless steel grinding balls were added. The mixture was mixed between two rotating cylinders rotating at 200 rpm in the same direction. After mixing for 30 minutes, solid-state mixing was completed to obtain a composite material.

[0077] Results: Polylactic acid encapsulated hydroxyapatite and formed a core-shell structure instead of uniform dispersion.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] This comparative example only carried out liquid mixing, and the specific operation was as follows:

[0080] 8 g of polylactic acid was added to 10 mL of dichloromethane at 200 rpm magnetic rotation in four times, 2 g each time, with an interval of 10 min between each addition, and continued to mix for 30 minutes after the addition was completed. Then, hydroxyapatite was added to the solution in four times in a similar manner, and the rotation speed was adjusted to 500 rpm. After the addition of the materials, continued to mix for 1 hour, and then the mixed solution was poured into a stainless steel tray, spread and air-dried in a fume hood overnight to remove dichloromethane, and a dry product was obtained as a composite material.

[0081] Result: The mixing was not uniform and the hydroxyapatite agglomerated.

[0082] Comparative Example 4

[0083] In this comparative example, when the insoluble material is added, the rotation speed is not increased, and the stirring is still performed at a rotation speed of 200 rpm. The specific operation method is as follows:

[0084] First, a liquid mixing method is used to add 8g of polylactic acid into 10mL of dichloromethane rotating at 200rpm magnetic force in four times, 2g each time, with an interval of 10min each time, and continue mixing for 30 minutes after the addition is completed. Then, hydroxyapatite is added to the solution in four times in a similar way, and the speed is continued at 200rpm. After the addition of the materials, the mixing is continued for 1 hour, and then the mixed solution is poured into a stainless steel tray and spread and air-dried in a fume hood overnight to remove the dichloromethane to obtain a dry product. The liquid mixed material will continue to be mixed in the form of solid state, and the dry product will be cut into small pieces of 0.5×0.5cm, put into a liquid nitrogen grinder to be processed into a powder of 500μm, and the ground composite powder will be further placed in a cylindrical bottle, and 10g of stainless steel grinding balls are placed in the bottle at the same time. Mix between two rotating cylinders rotating at 200rpm in the same direction, and the final composite material is obtained after mixing for 30min.

[0085] Result: Failure to increase the speed will result in uneven distribution of the composite material.

[0086] Comparative Example 5

[0087] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that in this comparative example, after the liquid mixing is completed, subsequent solid mixing is directly carried out without drying. At this time, due to the lack of drying, the crushing and grinding operations cannot be carried out, and wet ball milling is directly carried out.

[0088] The specific operation method is as follows:

[0089] First, a liquid mixing method is used to add 8g of polylactic acid into 10mL of dichloromethane rotating at 200rpm magnetic force in four times, 2g each time, with an interval of 10min each time, and continue mixing for 30 minutes after the addition is completed. Then, hydroxyapatite is added to the solution in four times in a similar manner, and the rotation speed is adjusted to 500rpm. After the addition of the materials, continue mixing for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution. The liquid mixed material will continue to be mixed in the form of solid state, and the mixed solution will be placed in a ball mill for grinding, and then dried to obtain the final composite material.

[0090] Result: A large amount of composite material was wrapped around the grinding media, and the remaining materials were seriously agglomerated.

[0091] Comparative Example 6

[0092] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the soluble material and the insoluble material are added at one time in this comparative example instead of adding in small amounts multiple times. The specific operation is as follows:

[0093] First, a liquid mixing method is used to put 8g of polylactic acid into 10mL of dichloromethane rotating at 200rpm magnetic force, and the mixing is continued for 30 minutes after the addition is completed. Then, hydroxyapatite is added to the solution in a similar way, and the rotation speed is adjusted to 500rpm. After the addition of the materials, the mixing is continued for 1 hour, and then the mixed solution is poured into a stainless steel tray and spread out and air-dried in a fume hood overnight to remove the dichloromethane to obtain a dry product. The liquid mixed materials will continue to be mixed in the form of solid state, and the dry product will be cut into small pieces of 0.5×0.5cm, placed in a liquid nitrogen grinder to be processed into a powder of 500μm, and the ground composite powder will be further placed in a cylindrical bottle, and 10g of stainless steel grinding balls are placed in the bottle at the same time. Mix between two rotating cylinders rotating at 200rpm in the same direction, and the final composite material is obtained after mixing for 30min.

[0094] Result: The material was stuck to the wall, resulting in partial material loss, and the composite material ratio did not meet the requirements.

[0095] In summary, the preparation method of the composite material provided by the present invention combines liquid mixing and solid mixing at the same time, and in the liquid mixing, soluble materials and insoluble materials are distinguished and added in small amounts multiple times in succession. This mixing method can evenly disperse the soluble materials and insoluble materials in the solvent, and then after drying and solid mixing, a composite material with uniform mixing and good particle dispersion can be obtained. The preparation method of the composite material provided by the present invention can effectively avoid changes in the properties of the components, and can also avoid agglomeration or coating between the components. The obtained composite material is evenly mixed and has good particle dispersion.

[0096] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite material, characterized in that: It includes: The components of the composite material are divided into soluble materials and insoluble materials according to whether they are soluble in the solvent; Dissolving the soluble material in the solvent in small amounts for multiple times, stirring at a first speed, with an interval of 10-60 minutes between each addition, adding the soluble material one by one until the soluble material is completely added, and continuing to stir until the soluble material is completely dissolved, to obtain a soluble material solution; Then, the insoluble material is added to the soluble material solution in small amounts and multiple times, the rotation speed is increased to a second rotation speed for stirring, the insoluble materials are added one by one, and stirring is continued for more than 1 hour to obtain a composite material solution; The composite material solution is dried, the dried product is crushed and ground into composite powder with a particle size of less than 500 μm, and the composite powder is mixed with grinding balls in a solid state to obtain a composite material.

2. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are multiple types of soluble materials and / or insoluble materials, first add one type of soluble material and / or insoluble material in small amounts and multiple times, and then add another type of soluble material and / or insoluble material in small amounts and multiple times; Preferably, each time a new insoluble material is added, the rotation speed is increased by 100-300 rpm based on the previous rotation speed, wherein the second rotation speed is used as the first rotation speed.

3. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rotation speed is 200-300 rpm, and the second rotation speed is 300-500 rpm.

4. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing includes pulverizing into small pieces of (0.4-0.6) cm×(0.4-0.6) cm.

5. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding includes grinding by using any one of a frozen ball mill and a liquid nitrogen grinder.

6. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-state mixing includes placing the composite powder and the grinding balls into a cylindrical container, and placing the container between two rotating cylinders rotating in the same direction for solid-state mixing; Preferably, the mass ratio of the composite powder to the grinding balls is 1:1-5; Preferably, the rotation speed of the rotating cylinder is 200-500 rpm; Preferably, the solid-state mixing time is 30-60 min.

7. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soluble material includes a polymer material; Preferably, the polymer material comprises at least one of polylactic acid, lactide-caprolactone copolymer, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polycaprolactone, polydioxane, fibrin, saccharide polysaccharide, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid and chitosan.

8. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insoluble materials include ceramic materials and metal materials; Preferably, the ceramic material comprises at least one of bioglass, hydroxyapatite, white apatite, tricalcium phosphate and silicon oxide; Preferably, the metal material includes at least one of magnesium oxide, strontium oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium powder, zinc powder, iron powder, calcium powder and titanium powder.

9. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent includes at least one of water, alcohol, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, chloroform, toluene, formaldehyde and propylene glycol.

10. A composite material, characterized in that: The composite material is prepared by the method for preparing the composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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