Cementing material prepared from waste raw materials and used for replacing road asphalt and preparation method of cementing material

Abstract

The invention discloses a cementing material prepared from waste raw materials and used for replacing road asphalt and a preparation method of the cementing material. The cementing material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of waste oil, 10 to 15 parts of petroleum coke, 10 to 15 parts of waste rubber powder, 10 to 12 parts of waste plastics, 2 to 3 parts of maleic anhydride, 2 to 3 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate, 1 to 1.5 parts of paraffin, 2 to 3 parts of a mixed solution of diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, 0.2 to 0.3 part of potassium hydroxide, 2 to 3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.2 to 0.4 part of carbon disulfide, 0.5 to 0.6 part of 2-bromopropionic acid and 0.05 to 0.08 part of vitamin C, according to the invention, wastes are used as main raw materials to prepare the cementing material of which the appearance, the performance and the use method are close to those of AH-70 heavy traffic petroleum asphalt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering materials, and relates to a cementing material for replacing road asphalt prepared by utilizing waste raw materials and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the volume of road traffic and road mileage in my country continue to increase, the need to find alternative materials for asphalt is becoming increasingly urgent. Using waste materials to prepare asphalt can not only alleviate the environmental pressure caused by waste materials, but also prevent the depletion of resources caused by excessive exploitation and use of non-renewable resources such as petroleum asphalt.

[0003] Waste grease is also called waste kitchen grease. It generally refers to grease produced and processed from non-food raw materials such as kitchen waste, meat processing waste, and livestock and poultry production that fail inspection and quarantine. Waste grease can be divided into three categories: swill grease, inferior animal fat, and old frying oil. It is a non-edible oil of extremely poor quality and extremely unhygienic. The emergence of a large amount of waste grease will not only pollute the environment, but also increase the food safety risks of waste grease returning to the table. Because waste grease contains inedible toxic and harmful substances such as arsenic, lead, bacteria, aflatoxin, and benzopyrene, developing other non-edible utilization methods can turn waste into treasure and be more conducive to sustainable development.

[0004] In addition, my country also produces a large amount of waste plastics every year, and the recycling and reuse of waste plastics is also one of the key issues of sustainable development. The sources of waste plastics are complex, such as plastic films, plastic threads and woven products, foam plastics, plastic packaging boxes and containers, daily plastic products, discarded packaging bags and agricultural mulch films, etc., which not only contain color impurities, iron filings, food residues, glass and other special materials, but also cannot avoid the mixing of plastics of different materials and densities. Therefore, it is difficult for waste plastics to be used to produce high-quality plastic products.

[0005] In fact, the research on using waste grease or waste plastic as raw materials in the field of asphalt manufacturing has been reported both at home and abroad. However, most of the existing technologies are to add waste grease or waste plastic into asphalt. For example, the Chinese patent application with application number 202411084585.X discloses a waste plastic modified asphalt mixture and its preparation method. According to the weight percentage, the disclosed waste plastic modified asphalt includes 100 parts of base asphalt, 1 to 7 parts of waste plastic powder, 5 to 10 parts of solubilizer, and 0.1 to 1 part of antioxidant. However, this technology not only has a low utilization rate of waste plastics, but also different waste plastics require different antioxidants. In fact, waste plastic is a mixture with complex components. There are problems such as immiscible materials and severe segregation, and there are also differences in properties, which brings difficulties to the application of this technology. The Chinese patent application with application number 202311531575.1 discloses a road petroleum asphalt and its preparation process. Although 3% to 5% of plant recycled oil is added to the disclosed bottom base asphalt and surface base asphalt, most of the components are still base asphalt, and the utilization rate of waste oil by this technology still needs to be improved.

[0006] In summary, how to improve the utilization rate of waste and turn waste into treasure has become a technical problem in the research of preparing road asphalt from waste plastics and waste grease. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the utilization rate of waste grease and waste plastic in the technology of preparing road asphalt materials, and the present invention conducts in-depth research on the preparation method.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is to prepare a binder material that replaces road asphalt using waste raw materials. The key point is that, in terms of mass parts, the raw materials of the above-mentioned binder material include 50 parts of waste grease, 10 parts to 15 parts of petroleum coke, 10 parts to 15 parts of waste rubber powder, 10 parts to 12 parts of waste plastics, 2 parts to 3 parts of maleic anhydride, 2 parts to 3 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate, 1 part to 1.5 parts of paraffin, 2 parts to 3 parts of a mixed solution of ether and tetrahydrofuran, 0.2 parts to 0.3 parts of potassium hydroxide, 2 parts to 3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.2 parts to 0.4 parts of carbon disulfide, 0.5 parts to 0.6 parts of 2-bromopropionic acid and 0.05 parts to 0.08 parts of vitamin C.

[0009] Specifically, the waste grease is kitchen waste grease that has been filtered and impurities removed, the filtering and impurity removal includes ordinary filtration and fine filtration, and the viscosity of the waste grease at 20° C. is 0.04 Pa·s to 0.06 Pa·s.

[0010] Specifically, the material of the above-mentioned waste plastics includes any one or a combination of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyamide and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0011] Preferably, the volume ratio of diethyl ether to tetrahydrofuran in the above-mentioned mixed solution of diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran is 1:1-2; and the mass concentration of the above-mentioned hydrogen peroxide is 25%-30%.

[0012] The key point of the preparation method of the cementing material for replacing road asphalt prepared by using waste raw materials is that the above preparation method is specifically as follows: S1. Heat 10 to 12 parts of waste plastics to a molten state, add 2 to 3 parts of maleic anhydride and 2 to 3 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate, and stir to obtain a plastic mixture; S2, 1 to 1.5 parts of paraffin wax are dissolved in a mixed solution of 2 to 3 parts of ether and tetrahydrofuran, stirred until the paraffin wax is completely dissolved, 0.2 to 0.3 parts of potassium hydroxide are added, stirred and reacted at 40°C to 50°C for 1h to 2h, then 0.5 to 0.6 parts of 2-bromopropionic acid are added, stirred and reacted at 40°C to 50°C for 4h to 6h, and the activated fossil wax material is prepared after cooling to room temperature; S3, adding 0.05 to 0.08 parts of vitamin C and 2 to 3 parts of hydrogen peroxide to the prepared activated fossil wax material, stirring and adding to 50 parts of waste oil, adding the prepared plastic mixture while stirring, and continuing to stir for 1h to 2h; S4. Add 10 to 15 parts of waste rubber powder and 10 to 15 parts of petroleum coke, stir continuously at high temperature for 40 to 60 minutes, and then shear at high speed.

[0013] Optimally, in the above S4, the rotation speed of the high-speed shearing is 7000r / min to 9000r / min, the shearing time is 2min to 5min, and the above high temperature is 185°C to 200°C.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The binder material prepared by the present invention is named Tipuli. The present invention uses waste grease as a base material, and waste plastics, waste rubber powder and petroleum coke as main raw materials. It can be said that the present invention uses waste as main raw materials to prepare a binder material whose appearance, performance and use method are close to AH-70 heavy traffic petroleum asphalt.

[0015] In the prior art, waste grease or waste plastic is also used to prepare asphalt or asphalt substitute materials. However, because waste grease and waste plastic are a complex mixture, they are prone to insolubility and segregation during the utilization process, and it is often necessary to reduce their usage, specifically limit their types, or add targeted modifiers. Therefore, it is difficult for the existing process to fully realize the reuse of waste plastics and waste grease.

[0016] The present invention uses activated paraffin to assist the fusion of waste plastics and waste grease, and constructs a special free radical reaction initiation system through hydrogen peroxide, carbon disulfide and vitamin C, thereby increasing the grafting rate of maleic anhydride, polyethylene glycol monomaleate and waste rubber powder. The cementing material prepared by the present invention is not only stable in nature, but also has better high temperature resistance and antioxidant ability.

[0017] In addition, it was found in the study that the preparation process of the present invention can use unrefined waste oil. This may be because there are a large number of higher fatty acid glycerides in the waste oil itself, so the waste oil will show a "gelling" phenomenon. The recycling of general waste oil requires more complicated refining processes such as alkali and deacidification to decompose the higher fatty acid glycerides. In the study of the present invention, it was found that the performance of the sample prepared by using waste oil that has only been physically removed is better, which further reduces the cost of purchasing raw materials and improves the utilization efficiency of waste oil.

[0018] The bonding material of the present invention does not have a pungent smell of smoke oil, because the content of benzopyrene in petroleum asphalt is much higher than that in waste oil. It can be seen that the bonding material prepared by the present invention is safer and more beneficial to the environment than traditional petroleum asphalt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a color photograph of the intermediate product 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a black and white photograph of the intermediate product 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a color photograph of the appearance of sample 1 prepared in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 Black and white photo of the appearance of sample 1 prepared in the present invention Figure 5 This is a color photograph of the appearance of reference substance 1 prepared in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a black and white photograph of the appearance of reference substance 1 prepared in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, the experiments can be carried out under conventional conditions; if no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0026] Table 1: Summary Table of Raw Material Names and Usage Amounts 1 Table 2: Summary Table of Raw Material Names and Usage Amounts 2 Note: The waste plastics in Table 1 are a mixture without distinguishing plastic materials, and at least include common plastic materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyamide, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer; the waste grease is the purchased kitchen waste grease, which not only includes the recycled common edible vegetable oils such as peanut oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, and corn oil, but also includes inferior animal fats and swill oils. The waste grease used does not require targeted removal of impurities such as heavy metals, microorganisms, and benzo[a]pyrene.

[0027] Example 1 Prepare the materials according to the raw material names and usage amounts in Table 1 and Table 2, and carry out the preparation according to the following steps: S1. Heat 11 parts of waste plastics to the molten state, add 2.5 parts of maleic anhydride and 2.5 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate, and stir to obtain plastic mixture 1; S2. Dissolve 1.3 parts of paraffin in 2.5 parts of a mixed solution of ether and tetrahydrofuran with a volume ratio of 1:1.5, stir until the paraffin is completely dissolved, add 0.25 parts of potassium hydroxide, stir and react at 45°C for 1.5 h, then add 0.55 parts of 2-bromopropionic acid, and continue to stir and react at 45°C for 5 h. After cooling to room temperature, prepare activated paraffin material 1; S3. Add 0.07 parts of vitamin C and 2.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 27.5% to the prepared activated paraffin material 1, stir and quickly add it to 50 parts of waste grease, while stirring, add the prepared plastic mixture 1. After the feeding is completed, continue to stir for 1.5 h, and take intermediate product 1; S4. Add 12 parts of waste rubber powder and 12 parts of petroleum coke, continuously stir at 192°C for 50 min and then carry out high-speed shearing. The rotation speed of the high-speed shearing is 8000 r / min, and the shearing time is 3.5 min to prepare a cementing material to replace road asphalt, denoted as sample 1.

[0028] Example 2 Prepare the materials according to the raw material names and usage amounts in Table 1 and Table 2, and carry out the preparation according to the following steps: S1. Heat 10 parts of waste plastics to the molten state, add 3.0 parts of maleic anhydride and 3.0 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate, and stir to obtain plastic mixture 2; S2, 1.0 part of paraffin was dissolved in 3.0 parts of a mixed solution of ether and tetrahydrofuran in a volume ratio of 1:1.0, and the paraffin was stirred until it was completely dissolved, 0.30 parts of potassium hydroxide was added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 40°C for 2 hours, and then 0.60 parts of 2-bromopropionic acid was added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 50°C for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, an activated fossil wax material 2 was prepared; S3, add 0.05 parts of vitamin C and 2.0 parts of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 25.0% to the prepared activated fossil wax material 2, stir, and quickly add to 50 parts of waste grease, add the prepared plastic mixture 2 while stirring, and continue stirring for 2 hours after the addition is completed, and take the intermediate product 2; S4. Add 15 parts of waste rubber powder and 10 parts of petroleum coke, stir continuously for 60 min at a high temperature of 185°C, and then high-speed shear at a speed of 9000 r / min and a shearing time of 2 min to prepare a binder material that can replace road asphalt, recorded as Sample 2.

[0029] Embodiment 3 Prepare the materials according to the raw material names and usage in Table 1 and Table 2, and follow the steps below: S1, heating 12 parts of waste plastics to a molten state, adding 2.0 parts of maleic anhydride and 2.0 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate, and stirring to obtain a plastic mixture 3; S2, 1.5 parts of paraffin wax was dissolved in 2.0 parts of a mixed solution of ether and tetrahydrofuran in a volume ratio of 1:2.0, and the paraffin wax was stirred until it was completely dissolved, 0.20 parts of potassium hydroxide was added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 50°C for 1 hour, and then 0.50 parts of 2-bromopropionic acid was added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 40°C for 6 hours. After cooling to room temperature, an activated fossil wax material 3 was prepared; S3, add 0.08 parts of vitamin C and 3.0 parts of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of 30.0% to the prepared activated fossil wax material 3, stir, and quickly add to 50 parts of waste grease, add the prepared plastic mixture 3 while stirring, and continue stirring for 1h after the addition is completed, and take the intermediate product 3; S4. Add 10 parts of waste rubber powder and 15 parts of petroleum coke, stir continuously at a high temperature of 200°C for 40 min, and then high-speed shear at a speed of 7000 r / min and a shearing time of 5 min to prepare a binder material that can replace road asphalt, recorded as Sample 3.

[0030] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example studies the effect of polyethylene glycol monomaleate. When performing step S1, polyethylene glycol monomaleate is not added. The subsequent steps and raw materials are the same as those in Example 1. Intermediate product control 1 is taken to prepare a reference product of a binder material that replaces road asphalt, which is recorded as reference product 1.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example studies the effect of paraffin wax. During step S2, 1.3 parts of polyethylene wax are added instead of paraffin wax. The subsequent steps and raw materials are the same as those in Example 1. Intermediate product control 2 is taken to prepare a reference product for a binder material that replaces road asphalt, which is recorded as reference product 2.

[0032] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example studies the effect of petroleum coke. During step S3, 12 parts of petroleum resin are added instead of petroleum coke. The subsequent steps and raw materials are the same as those in Example 1. Intermediate product control 3 is taken to prepare a reference product for a binder material that replaces road asphalt, which is recorded as reference product 3.

[0033] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example studies the preparation process, and the specific steps are: S1. 11 parts of waste plastics were heated to a molten state, 2.5 parts of maleic anhydride and 2.5 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate were added, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a plastic mixture control 1; S2, 1.3 parts of paraffin wax, heat to above 30°C, and stir until the paraffin wax is molten; S3, add 0.3 parts of dibenzoyl peroxide to the molten paraffin, stir and add to 50 parts of waste grease, add the prepared plastic mixture control 1 while stirring, after the addition is completed, heat to 120 ° C, continue stirring for 4 hours, and take the intermediate product control 4; S4. Add 12 parts of waste rubber powder and 12 parts of petroleum coke, stir continuously at a high temperature of 192°C for 50 min, and then high-speed shear at a speed of 8000 r / min and a shearing time of 3.5 min to prepare a reference substance for the binder material that replaces road asphalt, recorded as reference substance 4.

[0034] Analysis and testing 1. Analysis of intermediates and intermediate controls The grafting rate of the intermediate product and the intermediate product control was tested by thermogravimetry. A mixture of 12 parts of waste plastics and 1.5 parts of paraffin was used as the test sample before modification. The intermediate products 1 to 3 and the intermediate product controls 1 to 4 were used as the test samples. The thermal weight loss percentages of the test samples and the test samples before modification were measured under the same test conditions. The difference between the thermal weight loss percentages of the test samples and the test samples before modification was used as the grafting rate of the test sample. Each test sample was measured 3 times, and the average value was used as the final result of the grafting rate. At the same time, the appearance of the intermediate products 1 to 3 and the intermediate product controls 1 to 4 was recorded. The results are shown in Table 3. Table 3: Intermediate products and intermediate product comparison analysis results From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the grafting rates of the intermediate product prepared by the present invention and the intermediate control 1 are not much different, both of which can reach about 10%, while the grafting rates of the control products 2 to 4 are low, which is related to the selection of grafting materials, grafting initiators, etc. During the test, it was also found that the intermediate control products 2 and 3 showed different degrees of insolubility or segregation, while the other intermediate products or intermediate control products did not show insolubility or segregation. The color and state of the intermediate product 1 can be found in the attached Figure 1 and 2 .

[0035] 2. Quality and performance analysis of samples and reference substances After standing for 24 hours, inspect the appearance of the samples and reference materials. There should be no stratification or agglomeration. Record the inspection results in Table 4. According to the test methods described in the Brookfield Rotational Viscosity Test for Asphalt (standard number T0625), the Penetration Test for Asphalt (standard number GB / T 4509), the Elongation Test for Asphalt (standard number GB / T 4508), and the Softening Point Test for Asphalt (Ring and Ball Method) (standard number GB / T 4507), the samples and reference materials were analyzed for 180°C rotational viscosity, 25°C penetration (100g, 5s), elongation (ring and ball method, 15°C) and softening point. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0036] Table 4: Summary of sample and reference quality performance analysis results From the test results in Table 4, it can be seen that the sample prepared by the present invention has a needle penetration of 60 to 80, an elongation of more than 100 cm, and a softening point of 60°C to 80°C, which all meet the relevant quality requirements for AH-70 asphalt in "Heavy Traffic Road Petroleum Asphalt" (standard number GB / T 15180). In addition, the viscosity of the sample prepared by the present invention is relatively high, and its viscosity is greater than 3.5 Pa·s.

[0037] (III) Analysis of high temperature performance of samples and reference materials According to the method described in "Thin Film Oven Test Method for Petroleum Asphalt" (standard number GB / T 5304), a thin film oven test (163°C, 5h) was carried out to measure the mass change ratio, needle penetration ratio and elongation change ratio. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0038] Table 5: Summary of high temperature performance analysis results of samples and reference materials The asphalt film oven test simulates the aging process of asphalt in high temperature and air, and measures the changes in physical properties such as mass change and needle penetration before and after heating, thereby evaluating the asphalt's resistance to heat aging and quality change properties.

[0039] It can be seen from the results in Table 5 that the samples of the present invention have strong high temperature resistance and aging resistance, with a mass change of no more than 0.8%, a needle penetration change of no less than 55%, and an elongation of no less than 30 cm, all of which meet the relevant quality requirements for AH-70 asphalt in "Heavy Traffic Road Petroleum Asphalt" (standard number GB / T15180).

[0040] When the sample prepared by the present invention is heated to about 185°C, the color is dark brown, a layer of asphalt film is precipitated on the surface, the surface is relatively smooth, has a slight granular feeling but not rough, the color is bright, and has a glossy feel. In general, it has the same appearance characteristics as petroleum asphalt; while the reference product does not have an asphalt film and gloss during the heating process, and the surface is rough, indicating the presence of large rubber powder particles. The appearance of sample 1 and reference product 1 is shown in the attached Figures 3 to 6 .

[0041] In addition, the sample of the present invention does not have a pungent smell of tobacco oil. This is because the waste oil used in the present invention contains benzopyrene at a content of about 10 μg / kg, while the content of benzopyrene in traditional petroleum asphalt is 100 μg / kg to 27000 μg / kg. The content of benzopyrene in the sample prepared by the present invention is much lower than that of traditional petroleum asphalt, and it is a more environmentally friendly and safe asphalt substitute material.

Claims

1. A binder material for replacing road asphalt prepared from waste raw materials, characterized in that: Calculated by mass, the raw materials of the bonding material include 50 parts of waste grease, 10 to 15 parts of petroleum coke, 10 to 15 parts of waste rubber powder, 10 to 12 parts of waste plastics, 2 to 3 parts of maleic anhydride, 2 to 3 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate, 1 to 1.5 parts of paraffin, 2 to 3 parts of a mixed solution of ether and tetrahydrofuran, 0.2 to 0.3 parts of potassium hydroxide, 2 to 3 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.2 to 0.4 parts of carbon disulfide, 0.5 to 0.6 parts of 2-bromopropionic acid and 0.05 to 0.08 parts of vitamin C.

2. The binder material for replacing road asphalt prepared from waste raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste grease is kitchen waste grease that has been filtered and impurities removed, the filtering and impurity removal includes ordinary filtration and fine filtration, and the viscosity of the waste grease at 20° C. is 0.04 Pa·s to 0.06 Pa·s.

3. The binder material for replacing road asphalt prepared from waste raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste plastics are made of any one or a combination of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyamide and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

4. The binder material for replacing road asphalt prepared from waste raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of ether to tetrahydrofuran in the ether and tetrahydrofuran mixed solution is 1:1-2; the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 25%-30%.

5. The method for preparing a binder material for replacing road asphalt using waste raw materials according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation method is specifically: S1. Heat 10 to 12 parts of waste plastics to a molten state, add 2 to 3 parts of maleic anhydride and 2 to 3 parts of polyethylene glycol monomaleate, and stir to obtain a plastic mixture; S2, 1 to 1.5 parts of paraffin wax are dissolved in a mixed solution of 2 to 3 parts of ether and tetrahydrofuran, stirred until the paraffin wax is completely dissolved, 0.2 to 0.3 parts of potassium hydroxide are added, stirred and reacted at 40°C to 50°C for 1h to 2h, then 0.5 to 0.6 parts of 2-bromopropionic acid are added, stirred and reacted at 40°C to 50°C for 4h to 6h, and the activated fossil wax material is prepared after cooling to room temperature; S3, adding 0.05 to 0.08 parts of vitamin C and 2 to 3 parts of hydrogen peroxide to the prepared activated fossil wax material, stirring and adding to 50 parts of waste oil, adding the prepared plastic mixture while stirring, and continuing to stir for 1h to 2h; S4. Add 10 to 15 parts of waste rubber powder and 10 to 15 parts of petroleum coke, stir continuously at high temperature for 40 to 60 minutes, and then shear at high speed.

6. The method for preparing a binder material that replaces road asphalt using waste raw materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S4, the rotation speed of the high-speed shearing is 7000 r / min to 9000 r / min, the shearing time is 2 min to 5 min, and the high temperature is 185° C. to 200° C.

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