Porous material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a porous material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the porous material comprises the following steps: S1, mixing the porous material with one or two of water and oil to obtain a foaming agent; s2, mixing the foaming agent and the elastic material to obtain a foaming precursor; and S3, heating the foaming precursor to obtain the porous material. According to the preparation method, the porous material and the elastic material are mixed, the application range of the foaming precursor is widened, high-filling waste is used, powder or chippings of the recycled foaming material are used as the porous material, the recycling rate is increased, industrial waste is reduced, and the advantage of recycling is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material preparation, and in particular to a porous material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In people's production and life, waste is increasing year by year. For example, high-fiber materials such as wood powder, rice husks, and rice straw in agricultural production have problems such as low recycling rates; industrial waste is often difficult to degrade, which brings great trouble to recycling and reuse, causing huge environmental pollution problems. With the increase of people's environmental awareness, vigorously developing resource recycling technology will make more contributions to environmental protection.

[0003] Foaming reactions can change the physical and chemical properties of materials. The resulting materials have good flexibility and elasticity and are widely used in industrial production and research. In the foaming process, foaming agents are important additives, often composed of chemical raw materials, which can produce gas under specific conditions, thereby forming bubbles in the material. Different types of foaming agents are suitable for different materials and process conditions. For example, chemical foaming agents can produce chemical reactions in the material and release gas, while physical foaming agents produce gas through physical action.

[0004] However, there are very few cases of applying waste from human production and life in existing foaming reactions. It is necessary to find a preparation scheme that can apply waste to foaming reactions, make full use of resource recycling, and contribute to reducing environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application discloses a porous material and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] The present application provides a method for preparing a porous material, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: mixing a porous material with a solvent to obtain a foaming agent;

[0008] S2: mixing the foaming agent and the elastic material to obtain a foaming precursor;

[0009] S3: heating the foaming precursor to obtain the porous material.

[0010] Preferably, the foaming agent includes a surfactant.

[0011] Preferably, the surfactant comprises one or more of a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and a nonionic-anionic mixed surfactant.

[0012] Preferably, the solvent comprises water and oil or a mixture of the two.

[0013] Preferably, the oil comprises one or more of rubber oil, plastic oil or vegetable oil.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic material is solid and / or liquid.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic material includes solid rubber and / or liquid rubber.

[0016] Preferably, the elastic material comprises a mixture of synthetic rubber or natural rubber and plants.

[0017] Preferably, the porous material comprises one or more of highly filled waste materials including wood flour, rice, asbestos, calcium carbonate, clay, perlite, diatomaceous earth, industrial, agricultural, and domestic waste materials, and powders or debris of recycled foaming materials.

[0018] Preferably, the heating condition is 100-180°C.

[0019] Preferably, the weight percentage of the foaming agent in the foaming precursor is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 90%.

[0020] The present application also provides a porous material, which is prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0021] Based on the above technical solution, the present application adopts a method for preparing a porous material, and provides a foaming reaction that is not limited to solid or liquid materials by improving the preparation method of the foaming agent and the foaming precursor. The porous material preparation method of the present invention can use highly filled waste, powder or debris of recycled foaming materials as porous materials, increase the recovery rate, reduce industrial, agricultural, and people's livelihood waste, achieve the benefits of recycling and recycling, and reduce the preparation cost of the foaming reaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the modified deNOx catalyst and its preparation method described in the present application, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation method of the porous material of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] As used herein, "one embodiment" or "embodiment" refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present application. The content of the present invention may be more easily understood by referring to the following detailed description of the preferred implementation method of the present invention and the included embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In the event of a conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0026] For the following defined terms, these definitions shall apply unless a different definition is given in the claims or elsewhere in this specification. All numerical values, whether or not explicitly indicated, are defined herein as modified by the term "about". The term "about" generally refers to a numerical range that a person of ordinary skill in the art considers to be equivalent to the stated values ​​to produce substantially the same properties, functions, results, etc. A numerical range indicated by a lower value and a higher value is defined to include all numerical values ​​included in the numerical range and all subranges included in the numerical range.

[0027] Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values ​​set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.

[0028] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the above range is deemed to be continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as each value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, each integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range is included. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges included therein. For example, a specified range from "1 to 10" should be deemed to include any and all sub-ranges between a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 10. Exemplary sub-ranges of ranges 1 to 10 include, but are not limited to, 1 to 6.1, 3.5 to 7.8, 5.5 to 10, etc.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0030] Before further describing the embodiments of the present application in detail, the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are explained. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are subject to the following interpretations.

[0031] The following describes a method for preparing a porous material provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the preparation method may include the following steps:

[0032] S1: mixing a porous material with a solvent to obtain a foaming agent, wherein the solvent comprises one or a mixture of water and oil;

[0033] S2: mixing the foaming agent and the elastic material to obtain a foaming precursor;

[0034] S3: heating the foaming precursor to obtain the porous material.

[0035] In some embodiments, the porous material of S1 is selected from one or more of wood flour, rice, asbestos, calcium carbonate, clay, perlite, diatomaceous earth, industrial, agricultural, and people's livelihood waste materials, and powder or debris of recycled foaming materials. Specifically, the above materials can be waste materials in production and life, or a mixture of raw materials and waste materials.

[0036] In some embodiments, the oil comprises one or more of rubber oil, plastic oil, or vegetable oil.

[0037] Specifically, wood flour may be mixed with water or vegetable oil to form a foaming agent.

[0038] In some embodiments, the foaming agent further comprises a surfactant. The surfactant comprises one or more of a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and a nonionic-anionic mixed surfactant.

[0039] The nonionic surfactant may be, for example, polyoxyethylene alcohols (such as polyethylene glycol), fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, and fatty acid alcohols.

[0040] Cationic surfactants include, for example, fatty amine salts and quaternary ammonium salts.

[0041] The anionic surfactant may be, for example, alkylbenzene sulfonate and sulfate.

[0042] The zwitterionic surfactant may be, for example, sodium octyl sulfate and octyl iminomalonate.

[0043] Nonionic-anionic mixed surfactants, the combination of nonionic and anionic surfactants can enhance the effect of oil-water surfactants and provide better emulsification and stabilization performance.

[0044] After the foaming agent is obtained, the foaming agent and the elastic material are mixed in S2 to obtain a foaming precursor. The elastic material can be solid and / or liquid rubber, and can be but not limited to synthetic rubber, or a mixture of natural rubber and plants.

[0045] In some embodiments, the weight percentage of the foaming agent in the foaming precursor is greater than 0% and less than 90%, and more preferably 10% to 90%.

[0046] In addition, the foaming precursor may also include additives and fillers, and the fillers may be, but are not limited to, masterbatches, dispersants, waste materials or chips. Different additives and fillers may be selected according to different foaming agents to improve the synthesis effect of the foaming reaction.

[0047] In S3, the foaming precursor is heated, water is evaporated by the heat, and oil is expanded by the heat, and a composite material product with pores is formed in a continuous foaming reaction.

[0048] In some embodiments, the heating temperature is between 100 and 180° C., and water or oil can be mixed to form an emulsifier through the action of a surfactant, providing a foaming effect during the heating process, or providing a surface barrier effect after the finished product is completed.

[0049] As described above, the aforementioned preparation process can use physical foaming and / or chemical foaming, can flexibly control the pore density of the manufactured porous material, and the finished product has various surface properties to meet various material requirements. The present invention can use highly filled waste, recycled foam material powder or debris as porous materials, increase the recovery rate, reduce industrial, agricultural, and livelihood waste, and achieve the benefits of recycling and reuse.

[0050] The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that any changes made by technicians familiar with the field to the specific implementation of the present application do not deviate from the scope of the claims of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of the claims of the present application is not limited to the aforementioned specific implementation.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a porous material, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: mixing a porous material with a solvent to obtain a foaming agent, wherein the solvent includes one or a mixture of water and oil; S2: mixing the foaming agent and the elastic material to obtain a foaming precursor; S3: heating the foaming precursor to obtain the porous material.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent includes a surfactant.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surfactant includes one or more of a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and a nonionic-anionic mixed surfactant.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil includes one or more of rubber oil, plastic oil or vegetable oil.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic material is in solid and / or liquid state.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic material includes a mixture of synthetic rubber or natural rubber and plants.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating condition is 100-180°C.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous material includes one or more of wood powder, rice, asbestos, calcium carbonate, clay, perlite, diatomaceous earth, industrial, agricultural, and people's livelihood waste materials, and powder or debris of recycled foaming materials.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight percentage of the foaming agent in the foaming precursor is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 90%.

10. A porous material, characterized in that The porous material is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images