Aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material and a preparation method, and belongs to the field of production of helicopter autoinclinometer moving ring forging blanks. The aluminum-based silicon carbide particle reinforced composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14%-16% of SiC particles, 3.2%-4.4% of Cu, 1.0%-1.9% of Mg, 0.25%-0.3% of Si, 0.2%-0.4% of Fe, 0.1%-0.2% of Zn, 0%-0.3% of O and the balance of Al. The uniform dispersity is good, and the residues of the dispersing agent and the introduction of oxide impurities are avoided; pores can be completely eliminated, and the defect quantity is extremely low. And the requirement for higher strength is met, and the preparation efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the production field of helicopter self-tilting instrument dynamic ring forging blanks. Background Art

[0002] The tiltmeter is one of the core components of a helicopter. Its dynamic ring has very high requirements on the strength, weight and wear resistance of the material. Traditional aluminum alloys can hardly meet the requirements. Titanium alloys are too expensive, heavy and not wear-resistant, so aluminum-based composites have become the first choice. Silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum-based composites have the advantages of strength, weight and cost, and are very suitable for manufacturing dynamic ring forging blanks, but there is a general problem of limited upper strength limit. Traditional aluminum-based composite material preparation methods such as hot isostatic pressing and sintering technologies require the addition of dispersants during mixing, so the obtained materials have many microscopic pores, poor interface bonding and other defects, which cannot meet the subsequent forging requirements; aluminum-based composites prepared by casting also have many casting pores, segregation and other defects, and cannot be used for forging blanks, and cannot meet the use requirements. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-based silicon carbide particle reinforced composite material and a preparation method thereof, which can meet the needs of higher strength and have high preparation efficiency.

[0004] Technical Solution

[0005] In the first aspect, an aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material is provided, whose components and mass percentages are: SiC particles: 14%-16%, Cu: 3.2%-4.4%, Mg: 1.0%-1.9%, Si: 0.25%-0.3%, Fe: 0.2%-0.4%, Zn: 0.1%-0.2%, O: 0%-0.3%, Al: balance.

[0006] The SiC particles preferably have a mass ratio of 15%.

[0007] In a second aspect, a method for preparing an aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material is provided, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Select a certain amount of silicon carbide particles and aluminum alloy powder according to the composition and mass percentage;

[0009] The silicon carbide particles and the aluminum alloy powder are mixed, an organic solvent is added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60-90 minutes by ultrasonic dispersion method;

[0010] The mixed liquid is vacuum dried for 12-15 hours at a drying temperature of 50-70°C;

[0011] The dried powder is subjected to spark plasma sintering; the sintering temperature is 400-650°C, the sintering pressure is 50-80MPa, the heating rate is 50-100°C / min, and the vacuum atmosphere insulation time is 2-4 minutes;

[0012] Furnace water cooling.

[0013] Furthermore, the organic solvent is acetone or anhydrous ethanol.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the SiC particles ranges from 5 to 15 μm.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the aluminum alloy powder ranges from 5 to 40 μm.

[0016] Furthermore, the stirring rate of the stirring mixing is in the range of 600 to 900 r / min.

[0017] Furthermore, the ultrasonic dispersion method is achieved by an ultrasonic cleaning machine.

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] By adopting liquid-phase ultrasonic mixing, the metal and reinforcement powder can be evenly mixed with good uniform dispersion; by adopting vacuum drying, the residual dispersant and the introduction of oxide impurities are avoided; by adopting spark plasma sintering technology, the sintering heat comes from the resistance heat of the pores and the ionization activation between the metal powder and the reinforcement, which can completely eliminate the pores, and the reinforcement and the metal matrix are purely atomically embedded with extremely low defects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope photograph of a composite material sintered by spark plasma (the black dots are silicon carbide particles). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Since silicon carbide particles generally have a limited upper strength limit, the traditional aluminum-based composite material preparation method has many microscopic pores, poor interface bonding and other defects, which cannot meet the subsequent forging requirements. The present invention uses a new material preparation process to prepare a fully dense, low-defect silicon carbide particle aluminum-based composite material for helicopter self-tilting instrument non-rotating ring forging blanks.

[0022] The invention adopts a liquid phase (acetone or anhydrous ethanol organic solvent) ultrasonic dispersion method to mix aluminum alloy powder and silicon carbide particles; adopts a vacuum drying method to dry the mixed powder; and adopts a spark plasma sintering technology to form a block material.

[0023] The composition and mass percentage of the aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material of the present invention are:

[0024] SiC particles: 14%-16%, Cu: 3.2%-4.4%, Mg: 1.0%-1.9%, Si: 0.25%-0.3%, Fe: 0.2%-0.4%, Zn: 0.1%-0.2%, O: 0%-0.3%, Al: balance.

[0025] The method for preparing the aluminum-based silicon carbide particle reinforced composite material comprises the following steps:

[0026] (1) Selecting appropriate amounts of silicon carbide particles and aluminum alloy powder according to the above components and mass percentages;

[0027] (2) mixing silicon carbide particles with aluminum alloy powder, adding an organic solvent such as acetone or anhydrous ethanol, and stirring and mixing for 60-90 minutes using an ultrasonic dispersion method (which can be performed using an ultrasonic cleaning machine);

[0028] (3) vacuum drying the mixed liquid for 12-15 hours at a drying temperature of 50-70° C.;

[0029] (4) Spark plasma sintering the dried powder. The sintering temperature is 400-650°C, the sintering pressure is 50-80MPa, the heating rate is 50-100°C / min, and the vacuum atmosphere insulation time is 2-4 minutes;

[0030] (5) Water cooling along with the furnace.

[0031] Example 1: Silicon carbide particles with a diameter of 10 μm and 2A12 aluminum alloy powder with a diameter of 15 μm were ultrasonically mixed in acetone at a mass ratio of 1:19 for 1 hour; the mixed composite powder was vacuum dried at 50°C for 12 hours; the dried mixed powder was subjected to spark plasma sintering, and the sintering parameters were as follows: pressure of 60 MPa, sintering temperature of 500°C, heating rate of 50°C / min, isobaric insulation at 500°C for 3 minutes, and water cooling with the furnace after insulation to obtain a fully dense silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material such as Figure 1 shown.

[0032] Example 2: Silicon carbide particles with a diameter of 12 μm and 2A12 aluminum alloy powder with a diameter of 20 μm were ultrasonically mixed in acetone at a mass ratio of 1:19 for 2 hours; the mixed composite powder was vacuum dried at 60°C for 13 hours; the dried mixed powder was subjected to spark plasma sintering, and the sintering parameters were as follows: pressure of 70 MPa, sintering temperature of 550°C, heating rate of 60°C / min, isobaric insulation at 500°C for 3 minutes, and water cooling at the end of the insulation to obtain a fully dense silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

Claims

1. An aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material, characterized in that: Its composition and mass percentage are: SiC particles: 14%-16%, Cu: 3.2%-4.4%, Mg: 1.0%-1.9%, Si: 0.25%-0.3%, Fe: 0.2%-0.4%, Zn: 0.1%-0.2%, O: 0%-0.3%, Al: balance.

2. The aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SiC particles preferably have a mass ratio of 15%.

3. A method for preparing the aluminum-based silicon carbide particle composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Select a certain amount of silicon carbide particles and aluminum alloy powder according to the composition and mass percentage; The silicon carbide particles and the aluminum alloy powder are mixed, an organic solvent is added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60-90 minutes by ultrasonic dispersion method; The mixed liquid is vacuum dried for 12-15 hours at a drying temperature of 50-70°C; The dried powder is subjected to spark plasma sintering; the sintering temperature is 400-650°C, the sintering pressure is 50-80MPa, the heating rate is 50-100°C / min, and the vacuum atmosphere insulation time is 2-4 minutes; Furnace water cooling.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The organic solvent is acetone or anhydrous ethanol.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of SiC particles ranges from 5 to 15 μm.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The diameter of the aluminum alloy powder ranges from 5 to 40 μm.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The stirring rate range of the stirring mixing is 600-900r / min.

8. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The ultrasonic dispersion method is achieved by an ultrasonic cleaning machine.

Images