Electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and provides an electronic device, which comprises a shell, a circuit board and a ring-shaped radiator; the circuit board comprises a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit; the ring-shaped radiator comprises a first feeding point, a second feeding point and a first grounding point, the first feeding unit feeds at the first feeding point, the second feeding point feeds at the second feeding point, and the ring-shaped radiator is connected to the circuit board ground through the first grounding point; the ring-shaped radiator is divided into a first radiation section and a second radiation section by the second feeding point and the first grounding point, the circumferential length of the first radiation section is greater than that of the second radiation section; the first feeding point is located in the first radiation section and forms a third radiation section with the first grounding point, the circumferential length of the third radiation section is greater than that of the second radiation section and less than that of the first radiation section. The antenna design of the present disclosure not only occupies a small space, but also can realize satellite communication of multiple frequency bands, thereby widening the application scenarios of the electronic device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of mobile communication technology, existing antenna structures are widely integrated into wearable devices, mobile phones, tablets, and other electronic devices, enabling these devices to communicate with satellite equipment such as GPS, BeiDou, and TianTong. However, in practical applications, it has been found that existing antenna structures not only occupy a significant amount of the limited stacking space of electronic devices, but also limit the communication frequency band, thus greatly restricting the application scenarios of these electronic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides an electronic device, including: a housing, a circuit board, and an annular radiator; the circuit board is disposed inside the housing, and the circuit board includes a first power supply unit and a second power supply unit; at least a portion of the annular radiator is disposed outside the housing, and the annular radiator includes a first power supply point, a second power supply point, and a first ground point, the first power supply unit being powered at the first power supply point, the second power supply point being powered at the second power supply point, and the annular radiator being connected to the ground of the circuit board through the first ground point; The annular radiator is divided into a first radiating segment and a second radiating segment by the second feed point and the first ground point. The circumferential length of the first radiating segment is greater than that of the second radiating segment. The first feed point is located in the first radiating segment and forms a third radiating segment with the first ground point. The circumferential length of the third radiating segment is greater than that of the second radiating segment and less than that of the first radiating segment.

[0004] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided in which, when the first feeding unit feeds a signal of the first frequency band to the first feeding point, the first radiating segment generates a first resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the first resonance generates a first circularly polarized wave; when the first feeding unit feeds a signal of the second frequency band to the first feeding point, the third radiating segment generates a second resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the second resonance generates a second circularly polarized wave. The resonant frequency of the first resonance is less than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first radiating segment generates the first resonance, two first currents are formed on the first radiating segment, and the two first currents flow towards or away from each other along the first radiating segment. When the third radiation segment generates the second resonance, two second currents are formed on the third radiation segment, and the two second currents flow towards or away from each other along the third radiation segment.

[0006] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, when the second feeding unit feeds a signal of the third frequency band to the second feeding point, the second radiation segment generates a third resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the resonant frequency of the third resonance is greater than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, when the second radiating segment generates the third resonance, two third currents are formed on the second radiating segment, and the two third currents flow in opposite directions or away from each other along the second radiating segment.

[0008] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, wherein the annular radiator is circular in shape, the angle formed by the two endpoints of the first radiating segment relative to the center of the annular radiator is in the range of 245° to 271°, the angle formed by the two endpoints of the second radiating segment relative to the center of the annular radiator is in the range of 97° to 107°, and the angle formed by the two endpoints of the third radiating segment relative to the center of the annular radiator is in the range of 147° to 163°.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided in which the operating frequency band corresponding to the first resonance covers 1171MHz to 1217MHz; The second resonance corresponds to an operating frequency band covering 1560MHz to 1620MHz; The operating frequency band corresponding to the third resonance covers 1970MHz to 2495MHz.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided in which the annular radiator further has a second grounding point, and the annular radiator is connected to the circuit board ground through the second grounding point; The second grounding point is located on a sub-radiation segment of the first radiation segment relative to the third radiation segment, and the circumferential length between the second grounding point and the first feed point is less than the circumferential length between the second grounding point and the second feed point. A first matching circuit is provided between the second grounding point and the circuit board, and the first matching circuit is configured to tune the resonant frequency of the first radiation segment.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided in which the angle between the second grounding point and the first feed point relative to the center of the annular radiator ranges from 5° to 15°.

[0012] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a housing comprising a mid-frame, at least one segment of which is configured as a fourth radiating segment and electrically connected to a second feeding unit; When the signal of the third frequency band is fed into the second feeding unit, the electromagnetic wave generated by the fourth radiation segment can form a third circularly polarized wave with the electromagnetic wave generated by the third resonance.

[0013] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, wherein the fourth radiating segment includes a first segment and a second segment that are bent and connected, the first segment being located at the top edge of the electronic device and the second segment being located at the side edge of the electronic device.

[0014] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a housing comprising a middle frame and a rear cover, the rear cover being disposed on one side of the middle frame, a circuit board being disposed within the area defined by the middle frame, and the inner side of the annular radiator being configured to house functional devices.

[0015] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the radius of the annular radiator is between 25 mm and 32 mm. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is one of the exemplary structural diagrams of an electronic device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary electronic device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of an antenna structure based on a ring radiator provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a simulation diagram of the current distribution when the first feeding unit feeds the first feeding point so that the first radiation segment is excited to generate a first resonance, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a simulation diagram of the current distribution when the first feeding unit feeds the first feeding point so that the third radiation segment is excited to generate a second resonance, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a simulation diagram of the current distribution when the second feeding unit feeds the second feeding point so that the second radiation segment is excited to generate a third resonance, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 7 This is an S-parameter curve of an antenna structure based on a circuit board and a ring radiator provided in one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 8 This is an efficiency curve of an antenna structure based on a circuit board and a ring radiator provided in one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the axial ratio of an antenna structure as a function of frequency when the first feeding unit feeds power to the first feeding point, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a graph showing the axial ratio of the antenna structure as a function of frequency when the second feeding unit feeds the second feeding point, according to one embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0028] The following is combined Figures 1-10 The electronic devices provided in this disclosure will be described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0029] When electromagnetic waves propagate through space, the direction of their electric field changes in a certain direction; this change is called the polarization of the electromagnetic wave. In other words, the oscillating plane of the electric field defines the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave. According to the way the electric field changes, the polarization of plane electromagnetic waves can be divided into three types: linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization. When the trajectory traced periodically by the endpoints of the electric field vector in space is a circle or an ellipse, observed along the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation, if the trajectory rotates along a right-handed spiral or clockwise over time, it is called right-handed circular polarization; if the trajectory rotates along a left-handed spiral or counterclockwise over time, it is called left-handed circular polarization.

[0030] In satellite communication systems, circularly polarized waves are frequently used because they are less affected by multipath effects and polarization distortion (for example, linearly polarized waves undergo polarization rotation when passing through the ionosphere, commonly known as "Faraday rotation"), and they do not impose strict requirements on the orientation of the receiving antenna. This means that satellite antennas using circularly polarized waves can maintain high gain within a certain angular range, which is particularly important for electronic devices with satellite communication and navigation functions, as they may need to receive signals in constantly changing directions.

[0031] A circularly polarized wave can be decomposed into two linearly polarized waves that are 90° out of phase, have equal amplitudes, and are spatially orthogonal. Similarly, two linearly polarized waves that are 90° out of phase, have equal amplitudes, and are spatially orthogonal can be synthesized into a circularly polarized wave. Utilizing this property, circularly polarized waves can be synthesized within the limited design space of electronic devices, especially mobile electronic devices, thereby improving the ability to transmit / receive satellite signals.

[0032] In circular polarization, the endpoints of the electric field vector periodically trace an ellipse in space. The ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipse is called the axial ratio. The axial ratio is an important performance indicator of a circularly polarized antenna. It represents the purity of circular polarization and is an important indicator for measuring the difference in signal gain of electronic devices in different directions. The closer the circular polarization axial ratio of an antenna is to 1 (the endpoints of the electric field vector periodically trace a circle in space), the better its circular polarization performance.

[0033] The electronic devices described in this disclosure can be mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices, in-vehicle devices, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) devices, laptops, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc. These electronic devices can serve as stations (STAs) in a WLAN and can be cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistant (PDA) devices, handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, computers, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, and / or other devices for communication over a wireless system, as well as next-generation communication systems, such as mobile terminals in 5G networks and future evolved Public Land Mobile networks. Mobile terminals in PLMNs (Physical Land Networks) or mobile terminals in future evolved Non-terrestrial Networks (NTNs), etc.

[0034] By way of example and not limitation, when the electronic device described in this disclosure is a wearable device, the wearable device can also be a general term for devices that are intelligently designed and developed using wearable technology to make everyday wearables, such as gloves, watches, AR (Augmented Reality) head-mounted displays, VR (Virtual Reality) head-mounted displays, or MR (Mixed Reality) head-mounted displays equipped with long-range communication modules and / or short-range communication modules.

[0035] This disclosure uses a mobile phone as an exemplary electronic device to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure. It should be understood that the mobile phone is not intended to constitute any artificial limitation on the electronic device disclosed herein.

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary electronic device provided in this disclosure is shown. Figure 2The second schematic diagram illustrates the structure of an exemplary electronic device provided in this disclosure. Figure 3 The diagram shows a top view of an antenna structure based on a ring radiator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device includes: a housing 4, a circuit board 2, and a ring radiator 1. The circuit board 2 is located inside the housing 4. The circuit board 2 includes a first power supply unit 201 and a second power supply unit 202. At least a portion of the annular radiator 1 is located outside the housing 4. The annular radiator 1 includes a first power supply point F1, a second power supply point F2 and a first grounding point G1. The first power supply unit supplies power at the first power supply point F1, the second power supply point F2 supplies power at the second power supply point F2, and the annular radiator 1 is connected to the circuit board 2 to the ground through the first grounding point G1. The annular radiator 1 is divided into a first radiating segment W1 and a second radiating segment W2 by the second feed point F2 and the first ground point G1. The circumferential length of the first radiating segment W1 is greater than the circumferential length of the second radiating segment W2. The first feed point F1 is located in the first radiating segment W1 and forms a third radiating segment W3 with the first ground point G1. The circumferential length of the third radiating segment W3 is greater than the circumferential length of the second radiating segment W2 and less than the circumferential length of the first radiating segment W1.

[0037] For example, when the electronic device is a mobile phone, see Figure 2 As shown, the phone's casing 4 may include a mid-frame 41, a back cover 42, and a display screen (not shown in the figure). The mid-frame 41, back cover 42, and display screen together constitute the internal cavity of the phone. Circuit board 2, battery, processor, memory, and other devices are housed within this cavity (some devices are not shown in the figure). In some examples, circuit board 2 may be the phone's motherboard, located in the upper part of the cavity and close to the top of the battery. The annular radiator 1 may be part of the phone's camera module, such as the metal outer ring of the camera module. The cavity defined by the annular radiator 1 and circuit board 2 can be used to house the camera module's lens, drive motor, image signal processor (ISP), printed circuit board, etc. In some examples, the camera module may include multiple different lens assemblies, such as a telephoto lens, an ultra-wide-angle lens, and a wide-angle lens, all located inside the annular radiator.

[0038] In one example, the annular radiator 1 can be integrally disposed on the surface of the housing 4 of the electronic device. For example, the annular radiator 1 can be integrally disposed protruding from the outer surface of the back cover 42 in the thickness direction of the electronic device. Alternatively, the annular radiator 1 can be partially exposed on the surface of the housing 4 and partially embedded in the housing 4. For example, a portion of the annular radiator 1 can protrude from the outer surface of the back cover 42 in the thickness direction of the electronic device, while the other portion extends from the outer surface of the back cover 42 toward the circuit board 2. In the thickness direction of the electronic device, the annular radiator 1 can be lower than the inner surface of the back cover 42, or it can be flush with or higher than the inner surface of the back cover 42.

[0039] Depending on the material used in the actual application, the annular radiator 1 can be a metal radiator, a graphene radiator, or a carbon fiber radiator. The annular radiator 1 can be a decorative element disposed on the surface of the housing 4. Depending on its shape in the actual application, the annular radiator 1 can be any of the following: circular, elliptical, rectangular, rhomboid, or polygonal. Of course, the annular radiator 1 can also be other irregular ring structures.

[0040] For example, the annular radiator 1 is ring-shaped, and its radius can be between 25 mm and 32 mm, such as 25 mm, 26 mm, 28 mm, 30 mm, or 32 mm. The width of the annular radiator 1 at any location is between 1 mm and 5 mm, such as 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm. In some examples, the width of the annular radiator 1 may be non-uniform; in other examples, the width of the annular radiator 1 may be uniform.

[0041] The annular radiator 1 is disposed on one side of the circuit board 2. The first feed point F1 of the annular radiator 1 is connected to the first feed unit 201 on the circuit board 2 through a probe. The second feed point F2 of the annular radiator 1 is connected to the second feed unit 202 on the circuit board 2 through a probe. The first ground point G1 of the annular radiator 1 is connected to the ground terminal on the circuit board 2 through a probe.

[0042] The first power supply unit 201 and the second power supply unit 202 can be the radio frequency system on the circuit board 2 or the radio frequency front-end part of the radio frequency system. The first power supply unit 201 and the second power supply unit 202 are used to provide radio frequency signal power. The circuit board 2 is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board). Since the PCB is made of multiple layers of dielectric boards, there are metal plating layers in the multiple dielectric boards. These metal plating layers can serve as ground planes to achieve connection with the first ground point G1 of the annular radiator 1.

[0043] The probe can be a spring needle or other suitable structure such as a spring sheet. The diameter of the probe is smaller than the width of the annular radiator 1. For example, the diameter of the probe is 0.5mm to 1mm. The diameter of the probe can be 0.5mm, 0.8mm or 1mm or other suitable size.

[0044] Since the annular radiator 1 is annular, and the first radiating segment W1, the second radiating segment W2, and the third radiating segment W3 are all part of the annular radiator 1, these three radiating segments all have arc-shaped or similar arc-shaped extension structures. When the first feeding unit 201 feeds the corresponding radio frequency signal current to the first feeding point F1, the first radiating segment W1 or the third radiating segment W3 can resonate under the excitation of the feeding signal. For example, when the first frequency band signal current is fed in, the first radiating segment W1 can form two currents with equal amplitude and a 90° phase difference, thereby exciting the generation of the first circularly polarized wave; for example, when the second frequency band signal current is fed in, the third radiating segment W3 can form two currents with equal amplitude and a 90° phase difference, thereby exciting the generation of the second circularly polarized wave.

[0045] Correspondingly, when the second feeding unit feeds the corresponding radio frequency signal current to the second feeding point F2, the second radiation segment W2 can also resonate under the excitation of the feeding signal. For example, when the third frequency band signal current is fed in, the second radiation segment W2 can form two currents with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90°, thereby exciting the generation of the third circularly polarized wave. Since the lengths of the first radiating segment W1, the second radiating segment W2, and the third radiating segment W3 are different, their corresponding resonant frequencies are also different. Through the design of the ring radiator 1 and the corresponding dimensions of the three radiating segments, the resonant frequencies of the three radiating segments can correspond to multiple transmit and receive frequency bands of satellite communication systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS), and / or Low Earth Orbit satellite communication systems. This enables the antenna structure formed by the circuit board 2 and the ring radiator 1 in this embodiment to generate circularly polarized waves in multiple frequency bands for communication with satellite systems.

[0046] The electronic device provided in this disclosure fully utilizes the ring radiator 1 on the existing housing 4, and electrically connects the ring radiator 1 and the circuit board 2 based on the first feed point F1, the second feed point F2 and the first ground point G1 of the ring radiator 1 to realize the construction of the antenna structure. When feeding to the first feed point F1 and the second feed point F2 respectively, it can generate three frequency bands of circularly polarized waves through the first radiation segment W1, the second radiation segment W2 and the third radiation segment W3 based on the ring radiator 1. This antenna design not only reduces the occupation of the limited stacking space of the electronic device, but also realizes satellite communication of multiple frequency bands, thus broadening the application scenarios of the electronic device.

[0047] In some embodiments, when the first feeding unit 201 feeds a signal of the first frequency band to the first feeding point F1, the first radiation segment W1 generates a first resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the first resonance generates a first circularly polarized wave; when the first feeding unit 201 feeds a signal of the second frequency band to the first feeding point F1, the third radiation segment W3 generates a second resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the second resonance generates a second circularly polarized wave; wherein, the resonant frequency of the first resonance is less than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

[0048] Optionally, the operating frequency band corresponding to the first resonance covers 1171MHz to 1217MHz, that is, the operating frequency band corresponding to the first resonance covers the GPS L5 frequency band; the operating frequency band corresponding to the second resonance covers 1560MHz to 1620MHz, that is, the operating frequency band corresponding to the second resonance covers the GPS L1 frequency band.

[0049] Meanwhile, the electrical length D1 of the first radiating segment W1 corresponds to half the operating wavelength of the GPS L5 band. For example, half the operating wavelength of the GPS L5 band * 0.9 ≤ D1 ≤ half the operating wavelength of the GPS L5 band * 1.1, which ensures that the first radiating segment W1 resonates at the frequency point corresponding to the GPS L5 band. The electrical length D3 of the third radiating segment W3 corresponds to half the operating wavelength of the GPS L1 band, which ensures that the third radiating segment W3 resonates at the frequency point corresponding to the GPS L1 band. For example, half the operating wavelength of the GPS L1 band * 0.9 ≤ D1 ≤ half the operating wavelength of the GPS L1 band * 1.1.

[0050] It should be noted that electrical length can refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) of the radiating segment to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. For example, the electrical length D1 of the first radiating segment W1 corresponds to half the working wavelength of the GPS L5 band, indicating that the arc length of the first radiating segment W1 is close to half the working wavelength of the GPS L5 band. Similarly, the electrical length D3 of the third radiating segment W3 corresponds to half the working wavelength of the GPS L1 band, indicating that the arc length of the third radiating segment W3 is close to half the working wavelength of the GPS L1 band.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a simulation diagram of the current distribution when the first feeding unit feeds power to the first feeding point so that the first radiation segment is excited to generate the first resonance, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. It can be seen that when the first frequency band signal current is fed into the first feeding point F1 so that the first radiation segment W1 generates the first resonance, two strong current points are formed at the endpoints of the first radiation segment W1, and a weak current point is formed in the middle of the first radiation segment W1. Thus, two first currents are formed on the first radiation segment W1, and the two first currents flow towards or away from each other along the first radiation segment W1.

[0052] It is understandable that when the first feeding unit feeds the first frequency band signal to the first feeding point F1, the first radiation segment W1 generates the first resonance. At this time, the second feeding point F2 and the first grounding point G1 located at both ends of the first radiation segment W1 are both strong current points, and a weak current point a1 is formed in the middle of the first radiation segment W1.

[0053] In practical operation, the two first currents will oscillate periodically along the first radiation segment W1 relative to the current weakness point a1. The oscillation frequency is the same as the frequency of the fed first frequency band signal current. That is, at the previous moment, both first currents point to the current weakness point a1, and at the next moment, they point to their respective current strength points, and then alternate in this pattern. Figure 4 The first current is used in the middle respectively and the first current Mark it.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown in the illustration, the first current is indicated by an arrow in this embodiment. and the first current In the direction. Following... Figure 4 The directions indicated by the xyz coordinate system shown are: x-axis pointing downwards, y-axis pointing to the right, and z-axis pointing inwards. This relates to the first current between the current weakness point a1 of the first radiation segment W1 and the first grounding point G1. At this moment, the first current The equivalent direction can be considered as roughly from the first grounding point G1 to the current weakness point a1.

[0055] Correspondingly, for the first current between the current weakness 1 of the first radiation segment W1 and the second feed point F2 At this moment, the first current The equivalent direction can be considered as roughly from the second feed point F2 to the current weakness point a1.

[0056] Thus, when the first feeding unit feeds the first frequency band signal to the first feeding point F1, the first radiation segment W1 is divided into two segments with the current weakness point a1 as the boundary. Two equivalent first currents that are nearly orthogonally distributed are formed on these two segments. and the first current And the first current and the first current The current amplitudes are equal, and the current phase difference can be approximated as close to 90°, which can resonate to generate the first circularly polarized wave.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a simulation diagram of the current distribution when the first feeding unit feeds the first feeding point to excite the third radiation segment to generate a second resonance, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. It can be seen that when the second frequency band signal current is fed into the first feeding point F1 to cause the third radiation segment W3 to generate a second resonance, two strong current points are formed at the endpoints of the third radiation segment W3, and a weak current point is formed in the middle of the third radiation segment W3. Thus, two second currents are formed on the third radiation segment W3, and the two second currents flow towards or away from each other along the third radiation segment W3.

[0058] It is understandable that when the first feeding unit feeds the second frequency band signal to the first feeding point F1, the third radiation segment W3 generates the second resonance. At this time, the first feeding point F1 and the first grounding point G1 located at both ends of the third radiation segment W3 are both strong current points, and a weak current point a2 is formed in the middle of the third radiation segment W3.

[0059] In practical operation, the two second currents will oscillate periodically along the third radiation segment W3 relative to the current weakness point a2. The oscillation frequency is the same as the frequency of the fed second-band signal current. That is, at the previous moment, both second currents point to the current weakness point a2, and at the next moment, they point to their respective current strength points, and then alternate in this pattern. Figure 5 The second current is used in the middle respectively Second current Mark it.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown in the illustration, the second current is indicated by an arrow in this embodiment. Second current Relative to the direction of the current weakness point a2. According to... Figure 5 The directions indicated by the xyz coordinate system shown are: x-axis pointing downwards, y-axis pointing to the right, and z-axis pointing inwards. This relates to the second current between the current weakness point a2 of the third radiation segment W3 and the first grounding point G1. At this moment, the second current The equivalent direction can be considered as roughly from the current weakness point a2 to the first grounding point G1.

[0061] Correspondingly, for the second current between the current weakness a2 of the third radiation segment W3 and the first feed point F1 At this moment, the second current The equivalent direction can be considered as roughly from the current weakness point a2 to the first feed point F1.

[0062] Thus, when the first feeding unit feeds the second frequency band signal to the first feeding point F1, the third radiation segment W3 is divided into two segments with the current weakness point a2 as the boundary. Two equivalent second currents that are nearly orthogonally distributed are formed on these two segments. Second current And the second current Second current The current amplitudes are equal, and the current phase difference can be approximated as close to 90°, which can resonate to generate a second circularly polarized wave.

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, when the second feeding unit feeds the signal of the third frequency band to the second feeding point F2, the second radiation segment W2 generates a third resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the resonant frequency of the third resonance is greater than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

[0064] Understandably, the operating frequency band corresponding to the third resonance covers 1970MHz to 2495MHz. For example, the operating frequency band corresponding to the third resonance covers the two frequency bands of 1980MHz to 2210MHz and 2485MHz to 2495MHz, thereby meeting the communication requirements of Tiantong-1 and Global System for Communications (GSC) satellites.

[0065] Meanwhile, the electrical length D2 of the second radiating segment W2 is configured to correspond to half the operating wavelength of the 1980MHz~2210MHz or 2485MHz~2495MHz frequency band. For example, half the operating wavelength of the 1980MHz~2210MHz or 2485MHz~2495MHz frequency band * 0.9 ≤ D2 ≤ half the operating wavelength of the 1980MHz~2210MHz or 2485MHz~2495MHz frequency band can ensure that the third radiating segment W3 resonates at the frequency point corresponding to that frequency band. Referring to the foregoing description, the correspondence between the electrical length D2 of the second radiating segment W2 and half the operating wavelength of the 1980MHz~2210MHz or 2485MHz~2495MHz frequency band indicates that the arc length of the second radiating segment W2 is close to half the operating wavelength of the 1980MHz~2210MHz or 2485MHz~2495MHz frequency band.

[0066] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a simulation diagram of the current distribution when the second feeding unit feeds the second feeding point to excite the second radiation segment to generate a third resonance, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. It can be seen that when the third frequency band signal current is fed into the second feeding point F2 to cause the second radiation segment W2 to generate a third resonance, two strong current points are formed at the endpoints of the second radiation segment W2, and a weak current point is formed in the middle of the second radiation segment W2. Thus, two third currents are formed on the second radiation segment W2, and the two third currents flow towards or away from each other along the second radiation segment W2.

[0067] It is understandable that when the second feeding unit feeds the third frequency band signal to the second feeding point F2, the second radiation segment W2 generates the third resonance. At this time, the second feeding point F2 and the first grounding point G1 located at both ends of the second radiation segment W2 are both strong current points, and a weak current point a3 is formed in the middle of the second radiation segment W2.

[0068] In practical operation, the two third currents will oscillate periodically along the second radiation segment W2 relative to the current weakness point a3. The oscillation frequency is the same as the frequency of the fed third-band signal current. That is, at the previous moment, both third currents point to the current weakness point a3, and at the next moment, they point to their respective current strength points, and then alternate in this pattern. The two third currents in... Figure 6 The third current is used in the middle. and the third current Mark it.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown in the illustration, this embodiment uses arrows to indicate the third current. and the third current Relative to the direction of the current weakness point a3. According to... Figure 6 The directions indicated by the xyz coordinate system shown are: x-axis pointing downwards, y-axis pointing to the right, and z-axis pointing inwards. This relates to the third current between the current weakness point a3 of the second radiation segment W2 and the first grounding point G1. At this moment, the third current The equivalent direction can be considered as roughly from the current weakness point a3 to the first grounding point G1.

[0070] Correspondingly, for the third current between the current weakness a3 of the second radiation segment W2 and the second feed point F2 At this moment, the third current The equivalent direction can be considered as roughly from the current weakness point a2 to the second feed point F2.

[0071] Thus, when the second feeding unit feeds the third frequency band signal to the second feeding point F2, the second radiation segment W2 is divided into two segments with the current weakness point a3 as the boundary. Two equivalent third currents that are nearly orthogonally distributed are formed on these two segments. and the third current And the third current and the third current The current amplitudes are equal, and the current phase difference can be approximated as close to 90°, which can resonate to generate a third circularly polarized wave.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the annular radiator 1 is circular in shape. The angle between the two endpoints of the first radiating segment W1 and the center of the annular radiator 1 ranges from 245° to 271°. The angle between the two endpoints of the second radiating segment W2 and the center of the annular radiator 1 ranges from 97° to 107°. The angle between the two endpoints of the third radiating segment W3 and the center of the annular radiator 1 ranges from 147° to 163°.

[0073] Specifically, the center of the annular radiator 1 is marked with the letter "o". The angle between the two endpoints of the first radiating segment W1 and the center of the annular radiator 1 is the first central angle formed by the first grounding point G1 and the second feed point F2 relative to the center of the annular radiator 1. The size of the first central angle can be 245°, 250°, 258°, 265°, 271° and other suitable angles.

[0074] Meanwhile, the angle between the two endpoints of the second radiating segment W2 and the center of the annular radiator 1 is the second central angle formed by the first grounding point G1 and the second feed point F2 relative to the center of the annular radiator 1. The degree of the second central angle is the difference between 360° and the degree of the first central angle. The size of the second central angle can be 97°, 100°, 102°, 107° and other suitable angles.

[0075] The angle between the two endpoints of the third radiating segment W3 and the center of the ring radiator 1 is the third central angle formed by the first grounding point G1 and the first feed point F1 relative to the center of the ring radiator 1. The size of the third central angle can be 147°, 150°, 155°, 160°, 163° and other suitable angles.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the annular radiator 1 also has a second grounding point G2, through which the annular radiator 1 is connected to the circuit board 2 to the ground; the second grounding point G2 is located on the sub-radiation segment of the first radiation segment W1 relative to the third radiation segment W3, and the circumferential length between the second grounding point G2 and the first feed point F1 is less than the circumferential length between the second grounding point G2 and the second feed point F2; a first matching circuit is provided between the second grounding point G2 and the circuit board 2, and the first matching circuit is configured to tune the resonant frequency of the first radiation segment W1.

[0077] Understandably, compared to the second feed point F2, the second ground point G2 is set closer to the first feed point F1. The first matching circuit can use an inductor, and the second ground point G2 uses the first matching circuit to return to ground, which facilitates impedance matching of the first feed point F1, and realizes the use of the first matching circuit to tune the resonant frequency of the first radiation segment W1, thereby improving the circular polarization performance of the first radiation segment W1.

[0078] Furthermore, the angle between the second grounding point G2 and the first feed point F1 relative to the center of the annular radiator 1 ranges from 5° to 15°. Specifically, the angle between the second grounding point G2 and the first feed point F1 relative to the center of the annular radiator 1 can be 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, or other suitable angles.

[0079] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the housing 4 includes a middle frame 41, at least one section of which is configured as a fourth radiating segment W4 and electrically connected to the second feeding unit; when the second feeding unit feeds in a signal of the third frequency band, the electromagnetic wave generated by the fourth radiating segment W4 can form a third circularly polarized wave with the electromagnetic wave generated by the third resonance.

[0080] Understandably, in practical applications, the size of the ring radiator 1 is easily limited by the design of the electronic equipment itself. To ensure satellite communication capabilities in other frequency bands, the circular polarization capability of, for example, the length of the second radiating segment W2 may be sacrificed, such as by shortening it. Considering the limited length of the second radiating segment W2, its curvature is not large enough. Although the two third currents generated on the second radiating segment W2 can interact and generate a circularly polarized wave when the second feed unit feeds a signal of the third frequency band to the second feed point F2, the circular polarization characteristics of the radiated signal from the second radiating segment W2 are not particularly good. By setting a fourth radiating segment W4 connected to the second feed unit, the feed signal of the third frequency band applied by the second feed unit can act on both the second radiating segment W2 and the fourth radiating segment W4 simultaneously. The electromagnetic wave radiated by the fourth radiating segment W4 can be used to adjust the third circularly polarized wave formed by the resonance of the second radiating segment W2, thereby improving its circular polarization performance.

[0081] For example, see Figure 6 As shown, at the current moment, the third current and the third current The angle between the equivalent current directions is greater than 90°, and the third current... The equivalent direction shifts from the positive x-axis to the negative y-axis, the third current. The equivalent direction shifts from the positive y-axis to the negative x-axis. When the fourth radiation segment W4 is fed with a current signal from the third frequency band, it also includes two strong current points and one weak current point a4, thus forming the fourth current. and the fourth current The fourth current The equivalent direction is from the first fracture 4a to the current weakness a4, and the fourth current... This makes the third current The equivalent direction shifts less towards the negative y-axis (i.e., the equivalent current direction is closer to the positive x-axis). Fourth current The equivalent direction is that the second fracture 4b points to the current weakness a4, and the fourth current... This makes the third current The shift of the equivalent direction towards the negative x-axis decreases (i.e., the equivalent current direction is closer to the positive y-axis), thus, under the action of the fourth radiation segment W4, the third current... and the third current The equivalent current direction will be closer to orthogonal, which can improve the circular polarization performance of the second radiation segment W2.

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the middle frame 41 has a first slit 4a and a second slit 4b spaced apart in the region near the second radiating segment W2, and the portion of the middle frame 41 between the first slit 4a and the second slit 4b forms the fourth radiating segment W4. The middle frame 41 can be a metal frame.

[0083] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fourth radiating segment W4 includes a first segment 401 and a second segment 402 that are bent and connected. The first segment 401 is located at the top edge of the electronic device, and the second segment 402 is located at the side edge of the electronic device.

[0084] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 4 includes a middle frame 41 and a rear cover 42. The rear cover 42 covers one side of the middle frame 41. The circuit board 2 is located in the area defined by the middle frame 41. The inner side of the annular radiator 1 is configured to house the functional device 3.

[0085] Specifically, the back cover 42 is located on the first side of the middle frame 41, the second side of the middle frame 41 is used to install the display module, the annular radiator 1 can be an annular metal part, the back cover 42 has an opening, the functional device 3 passes through the opening and is electrically connected to the circuit board 2, and the circuit board 2 and the display module are electrically connected.

[0086] For example, the functional device 3 includes a camera module and / or a flash module.

[0087] For example, the annular radiator 1 is in the shape of a ring, and the central axis of the annular radiator 1 is perpendicular to the surface of the circuit board 2, so that a gap of the same size is maintained between the annular radiator 1 and the circuit board 2.

[0088] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is an S-parameter graph of an antenna structure based on a circuit board and a ring radiator provided in one embodiment of this disclosure. It includes return loss curves (S1,1 and S2,2) and isolation curves (S1,2). The antenna return loss can be represented by parameter S11. S11 and S22 are one type of S-parameter, which respectively represent the S-parameters when fed at the first feed point F1 and the S-parameters when fed at the second feed point F2. This disclosure exemplarily uses S11 for illustration.

[0089] S11 represents the reflection coefficient, a parameter that characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. S11 is typically negative; a smaller S11 value indicates lower return loss, less energy reflected back from the antenna, meaning more energy actually enters the antenna, resulting in higher system efficiency. Conversely, a larger S11 value indicates higher return loss and lower system efficiency. It's worth noting that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as a standard. An antenna with an S11 value less than -6dB is considered to be operating normally or to have good transmission efficiency. The S12 parameter represents the signal isolation between the two feed ports F1 and F2.

[0090] according to Figure 7 As can be seen from the S1,1 curve, when feeding to the first feed point F1, in the GPS L1 band, its S11 parameter is -16.8 dB, which is much smaller than -6 dB; in the GPS L5 band, its S11 parameter is -35.7 dB, which is much smaller than -6 dB. This shows that the excitation signal generated by the antenna structure shown in this disclosure achieves coverage of both the GPS L1 and GPS L5 bands. According to... Figure 7As can be seen from the S2,2 curves, when feeding to the second feed point F2, the S22 parameters are between -7.9dB and -5.8dB in the Tiantong transmitting frequency band of 1.97GHz to 2.21GHz, and between -25.4dB and -24.6dB in the Beidou receiving frequency band of 2.485GHz to 2.495GHz. This shows that the excitation signal generated by the antenna structure disclosed in this disclosure also achieves coverage of the Tiantong transmitting frequency band of 1.97GHz to 2.21GHz and the Beidou receiving frequency band of 2.485GHz to 2.495GHz. According to... Figure 7 As can be seen from the S1,2 curves, under all the exemplary frequency bands of this disclosure, the S12 parameter between port F1 and port F2 is less than -10dB. It can be seen that the isolation of the antenna structure shown in this disclosure is better than -10dB, thus having good isolation.

[0091] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is an efficiency curve diagram of an antenna structure based on a circuit board and a ring radiator provided in one embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 8 In the diagram, curves X1-1 and X1-2 represent the radiation efficiency curves of the antenna structure shown in this disclosure, based on feeding to the first feed point F1, with and without a matching device. Figure 8 It is known that the antenna structure shown in this disclosure has a radiation value of -5.5dB in the GPS L1 band and a corresponding radiation efficiency of 28.2%, and the antenna structure shown in this disclosure has a radiation value of -8dB in the GPS L5 band and a corresponding radiation efficiency of 15.8%.

[0092] At the same time, Figure 8 In the diagram, curves X2-1 and X2-2 represent the radiation efficiency curves of the antenna structure shown in this disclosure, based on feeding to the second feed point F2, with and without a matching device. Figure 8 It can be seen that the antenna structure shown in this disclosure has a radiation value of -3.19dB in the Tiantong transmission frequency band of 1.97GHz to 2.21GHz, and its corresponding radiation efficiency is 47.8%; the antenna structure shown in this disclosure has a radiation value of -1.69dB in the Beidou receiving frequency band of 2.485GHz to 2.495GHz, and its corresponding radiation efficiency is 67.8%.

[0093] Since the radiation efficiency of antennas for portable terminal devices such as mobile phones and smartwatches is typically between 30% and 60%, this indicates that the antenna structure disclosed herein has slightly lower radiation efficiency in the GPS L5 band, but better radiation efficiency in the GPS L1 band, the Tiantong transmitting frequency band (1.97 GHz to 2.21 GHz), and the Beidou receiving frequency band (2.485 GHz to 2.495 GHz).

[0094] like Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a graph showing the axial ratio of an antenna structure as a function of frequency when the first feed unit feeds the first feed point, according to one embodiment of this disclosure. When feeding the first feed point F1, the antenna structure shown in this disclosure has an axial ratio of 4.7dB in the GPS L5 band and an axial ratio of 3.8-4.6dB in the GPS L1 band. That is, the axial ratio of the antenna structure in both frequency bands is less than 5dB, which shows good axial ratio characteristics, thereby achieving circular polarization characteristics.

[0095] like Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a graph showing the axial ratio of the antenna structure as a function of frequency when the second feeding unit feeds the second feeding point, according to one embodiment of this disclosure. When feeding the second feeding point F2, the axial ratio of the antenna structure shown in this disclosure is 0.65-1.88dB in the Tiantong transmitting frequency band (1.97GHz-2.21GHz) and 6.33-6.93dB in the Beidou receiving frequency band (2.485GHz-2.495GHz). That is, the axial ratio of the antenna structure in both frequency bands is less than 7dB, exhibiting good axial ratio characteristics, thereby achieving circular polarization characteristics.

[0096] As can be seen from the above, the excitation signal of the antenna structure shown in this disclosure covers the BeiDou L1 band, GPS L1 band, GPS L5 band and Tiantong satellite transmission frequency band, realizing the circular polarization satellite communication function of the entire constellation and all frequency bands.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit them. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: Housing, circuit board, and ring radiator; The circuit board is disposed inside the housing, and the circuit board includes a first power supply unit and a second power supply unit; At least a portion of the annular radiator is disposed outside the housing. The annular radiator includes a first feed point, a second feed point, and a first ground point. The first feed unit feeds power at the first feed point, the second feed point feeds power at the second feed point, and the annular radiator is connected to the circuit board ground through the first ground point. The annular radiator is divided into a first radiating segment and a second radiating segment by the second feed point and the first ground point, and the circumferential length of the first radiating segment is greater than the circumferential length of the second radiating segment. The first feed point is located in the first radiation segment and forms a third radiation segment between it and the first grounding point. The circumferential length of the third radiation segment is greater than the circumferential length of the second radiation segment and less than the circumferential length of the first radiation segment.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein, When the first feeding unit feeds a signal of the first frequency band to the first feeding point, the first radiation segment generates a first resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the first resonance generates a first circularly polarized wave. When the first feeding unit feeds a signal of the second frequency band to the first feeding point, the third radiation segment generates a second resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the second resonance generates a second circularly polarized wave. The resonant frequency of the first resonance is less than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein, When the first resonance is generated in the first radiation segment, two first currents are formed on the first radiation segment, and the two first currents flow towards or away from each other along the first radiation segment. When the third radiation segment generates the second resonance, two second currents are formed on the third radiation segment, and the two second currents flow towards or away from each other along the third radiation segment.

4. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein, When the second feeding unit feeds a signal of the third frequency band to the second feeding point, the second radiation segment generates a third resonance in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the resonant frequency of the third resonance is greater than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein, When the second radiation segment generates the third resonance, two third currents are formed on the second radiation segment, and the two third currents flow towards or away from each other along the second radiation segment.

6. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein, The annular radiator is circular in shape. The angle between the two endpoints of the first radiating segment and the center of the annular radiator ranges from 245° to 271°. The angle between the two endpoints of the second radiating segment and the center of the annular radiator ranges from 97° to 107°. The angle between the two endpoints of the third radiating segment and the center of the annular radiator ranges from 147° to 163°.

7. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein, The operating frequency band corresponding to the first resonance covers 1171MHz to 1217MHz; The second resonance corresponds to an operating frequency band covering 1560MHz to 1620MHz; The operating frequency band corresponding to the third resonance covers 1970MHz to 2495MHz.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The annular radiator also has a second grounding point, through which the annular radiator is connected to the ground of the circuit board; The second grounding point is located on a sub-radiation segment of the first radiation segment relative to the third radiation segment, and the circumferential length between the second grounding point and the first feed point is less than the circumferential length between the second grounding point and the second feed point. A first matching circuit is provided between the second grounding point and the circuit board, and the first matching circuit is configured to tune the resonant frequency of the first radiation segment.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, wherein, The angle between the second grounding point and the first feed point relative to the center of the annular radiator ranges from 5° to 15°.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, The housing includes a middle frame, at least one section of which is configured as a fourth radiating section and electrically connected to the second feed unit; When the signal of the third frequency band is fed into the second feeding unit, the electromagnetic wave generated by the fourth radiation segment can form a third circularly polarized wave with the electromagnetic wave generated by the third resonance.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein, The fourth radiating segment includes a first segment and a second segment that are bent and connected. The first segment is located at the top edge of the electronic device, and the second segment is located at the side edge of the electronic device.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the housing includes a middle frame and a rear cover, the rear cover is disposed on one side of the middle frame, the circuit board is disposed in the area defined by the middle frame, and the inner side of the annular radiator is configured to house functional devices.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The radius of the annular radiator is between 25 mm and 32 mm.

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