A multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units

Abstract

The application provides a relay unit-based multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system, and coils and polar plates simultaneously perform energy transmission and compensation. The system comprises relay units 0-N which are linearly arranged in sequence, the receiving coils and polar plates in the relay units are 45 degrees to the transmitting coils and polar plates, constant current to constant voltage conversion is realized, the receiving coils and polar plates of the mth relay unit receive the energy transmitted from the transmitting coils and polar plates of the (m-1)th relay unit, and they are placed at 45 degrees, realizing power decoupling between multiple loads. An L-type compensation network with split inductance is designed, a controlled voltage source circuit equivalent model is established, and multiple constant current outputs independent of loads are realized. The application combines the advantages of single magnetic field and electric field coupling wireless power supply, prolongs the transmission distance, reduces the number of compensation elements, and provides a new structure for the multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to wireless power transmission technology, and specifically relates to a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit. Background Technology

[0002] The advantages of magnetic field-coupled wireless power transfer systems are their ease of achieving high-power and long-distance wireless power transmission. However, their magnetic fields exhibit divergent characteristics, easily generating eddy currents in surrounding metals, which can heat these objects and reduce system efficiency. The advantages of electric field-coupled wireless power transfer systems are that the electric field is mainly concentrated between the transmitting and receiving plates, with minimal impact on the surrounding environment and almost no eddy currents generated in surrounding metal objects. Compared to inductors, metal capacitor plates are easier to implement at low cost and offer relatively better flexibility. The disadvantages are lower power density, greater susceptibility to changes in coupling capacitance, and high voltage stress on the plates during high-power transmission. Hybrid wireless power transfer systems, combining electric and magnetic field coupling, effectively utilize the advantages of both systems, offering unique advantages in improving system efficiency, increasing power density, reducing plate voltage stress, and minimizing electric or magnetic field radiation. These systems have attracted widespread attention from researchers in recent years.

[0003] When charging multiple batteries or powering multiple LEDs, independent constant current power supply is required for each load. Currently, multi-load wireless power transfer systems are mainly classified into three types: ① magnetic field-coupled wireless power transfer systems with repeater units; ② electric field-coupled wireless power transfer systems with repeater units; ③ hybrid wireless power transfer systems with both electric and magnetic field coupling, containing repeater units. For type ③, this paper designs a hybrid wireless power transfer system with multiple repeater units to simultaneously power multiple loads, improving transmission efficiency, extending transmission distance, and reducing compensation components. This is of great significance to the development of wireless power transfer technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior art and propose a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit, which extends the transmission distance, realizes constant current output of multiple loads, and prevents interference between different loads.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units includes an inverter and relay units #0-#N arranged linearly. Energy is transmitted between any adjacent plates and coils through electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling.

[0007] The DC input voltage of the inverter is V dcThe fundamental component V of the inverter's AC output voltage in1 This is the input voltage for relay unit #0.

[0008] Relay unit #0 includes transmitting plates P1 and P2 and transmitting coil L1, and compensating inductor L. f1,1 and L f1,2 and external capacitor C ex,1 Among them, the external capacitor C ex,1 It is connected in parallel to the left side of the emitting plates P1 and P2, and also in parallel to the emitting coil L1 and the compensating inductor L. f1,2 On the right side, the left side of the transmitting coil L1 is connected to the compensating inductor L f1,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f1,1 and L f1,2 The left side of L is connected to the output of the inverter; where, L f1,1 +L1=L f1,2 L f1,1 +L f1,2 =L f1 .

[0009] The relay unit #m (m = 1, 2, ..., N-1) contains the receiving plate P. 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2m Emitter P 4m+1 P 4m+2 and transmitting coil L 2m+1 Compensating inductor L f2m,1 L f2m,2 L f2m+1,1 L f2m+1,2 External capacitor C ex,2m With C ex,2m+1 and load resistance R m Among them, the external capacitor C ex,2m Parallel connection at receiving plate P 4(m-1)+3 and P 4(m-1)+4 On the right side, it is connected in parallel with the receiving coil L. 2m and compensation inductor L f2m,2 Left side, receiving coil L 2m Right side and compensation inductor L f2m,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f2m,1 Right side and load resistor R m Connected, load resistance R m Right side and compensation inductor L f2m,2 Connected on the right side; external capacitor C ex,2m+1 Parallel connection at the emitter plate P 4m+1 and P 4m+2 On the left, it is connected in parallel to the transmitting coil L. 2m+1 and compensation inductor L f2m+1,2 On the right, transmitting coil L 2m+1Left side and compensating inductor L f2m+1,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f2m+1,1 Left side and compensating inductor L f2m+1,2 Connected on the left; where, L f2m,1 +L 2m =L f2m,2 L f2m,1 +L f2m,2 =L f2m L f2m+1,1 +L 2m+1 =L f2m+1,2 L f2m+1,1 +L f2m+1,2 =L f2m+1 .

[0010] Relay unit #N includes receiving plate P 4(N-1)+3 P 4(N-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2N Compensating inductor L f2N,1 L f2N,2 External capacitor C ex,2N and load resistance R N Among them, the external capacitor C ex,2N Parallel connection at receiving plate P 4(N-1)+3 and P 4(N-1)+4 On the right side, it is connected in parallel with the receiving coil L. 2N and compensation inductor L f2N,2 Left side, receiving coil L 2N Right side and compensation inductor L f2N,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f2N,1 Right side and load resistor R N Connected, load resistance R N Right side and compensation inductor L f2N,2 Connected on the right; where, L f2N,1 +L 2N =L 2N,2 L f2N,1 +L f2N,2 =L f2N .

[0011] In the aforementioned multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units, the transmitting plates P1 and P2 in relay unit #0 are on the same plane as the transmitting coil L1, and the transmitting plates P1 and P2 constitute port 1; the receiving plate P in relay unit #m (m=1,2,…,N) 4(m-1)+3 and P 4(m-1)+4 With receiving coil L 2m On the same plane, the transmitting plate P in relay unit #m 4m+1 and P 4m+2 With transmitting coil L 2m+1 On the same plane, receiving plate P 4(m-1)+3 and P4(m-1)+4 The port is 2m, and the emitting electrode is P. 4m+1 and P 4m+2 Port 2m+1 is formed; the receiving plate P in relay unit #N 4(N-1)+3 and P 4(N-1)+4 With receiving coil L 2N On the same plane, receiving plate P 4(N-1)+3 and P 4(N-1)+4 Port 2N is formed; and the receiving plate P in relay unit #m 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 With emitter plate P 4m+1 P 4m+2 The plates are at a 45° angle to each other, all plates are of equal shape and size, and the receiving coil L in relay unit #m 2m With transmitting coil L 2m+1 They are at a 45° angle to each other, and all coils are the same shape and size.

[0012] The transmitting plates P1, P2, and transmitting coil L1 in relay unit #0, together with the receiving plates P3, P4, and receiving coil L2 in relay unit #1, form hybrid coupler #1. The transmitting plates P5, P6, and transmitting coil L3 in relay unit #1, together with the receiving plates P7, P8, and transmitting coil L4 in relay unit #2, form hybrid coupler #2, and so on, up to the transmitting plate P in relay unit #m-1. 4(m-1)+1 P 4(m-1)+2 and transmitting coil L 2m-1 With the receiving plate P in relay unit #m 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2m This forms the hybrid coupler #m, which ultimately connects to the emitter plate P in relay unit #N-1. 4(N-1)+1 P 4(N-1)+2 and transmitting coil L 2N-1 With the receiving plate P in relay unit #N 4(N-1)+3 P 4(N-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2N This constitutes a hybrid coupler #N; and the emitter plate P in the hybrid coupler #m 4(m-1)+1 P 4(m-1)+2 With receiving plate P 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 The plates are at a 45° angle to each other, all plates are of equal shape and size, and the transmitting coil L in the hybrid coupler #m is... 2m-1 With receiving coil L 2m They are at a 45° angle to each other, and all coils are the same shape and size.

[0013] The aforementioned multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units transmits power wirelessly sequentially through hybrid coupler #1, relay unit #1, hybrid coupler #2, relay unit #2, ..., hybrid coupler #m, relay unit #m, ..., hybrid coupler #N; considering the cross-coupling capacitance between different port plates, the self-capacitance C of port a... port,a (a = 1, 2, 3, ..., 2N) is:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, C i,j For plate P i and electrode plate P j The coupling capacitance between them, i,j=1,2,…,4(N-1)+4,i≠j;

[0016] The self-capacitances of ports 2m-1 and 2m in the hybrid coupler #m are C respectively. port,2m-1 and C port,2m The self-capacitances of ports 2m and 2m+1 in relay unit #m are C respectively. port,2m and C port,2m+1 It can be obtained from equation (1); when external capacitor C is connected in parallel to port 2m-1, port 2m and port 2m+1 respectively. ex,2m-1 C ex,2m and C ex,2m+1 Then, the equivalent self-capacitances of ports 2m-1, 2m, and 2m+1 are C, respectively. in,2m-1 C in,2m and C in,2m+1 , can be represented as:

[0017]

[0018] The mutual capacitance between ports a and b is equal to the mutual capacitance between ports b and a, i.e.: C Ma,b =C Mb,a The mutual capacitance C between any two ports a and b Ma,b (a,b=1,2,…,2N,a≠b) is:

[0019]

[0020] The plates at ports 2m-2 and 2m are placed perpendicularly, with their facing areas being equal. Therefore, C can be obtained. 4(m-2)+3,4(m-1)+3 =C 4(m-2)+4,4(m-1)+4 =C 4(m-2)+3,4(m-1)+4 =C 4(m-2)+4,4(m-1)+3 Substituting into equation (3), the mutual capacitance C between port 2m-2 and port 2m M2m-2,2m A value of 0 achieves electric field decoupling between port 2m-2 and port 2m. 2m-2 and L2m There are two vertically placed DD coils with currents flowing in opposite directions. The magnetic flux flowing into and out of the coils is the same. Coil L 2m-2 Generate through coil L 2m magnetic flux Ф 2m-2,2m The value is 0, and the coil L is... 2m Generate through coil L 2m-2 magnetic flux Ф 2m,2m-2 The value is also 0, achieving magnetic field decoupling between port 2m-2 and port 2m; the plates at ports 2m-1 and 2m+1 are placed vertically, with equal facing areas, allowing us to obtain C. 4(m-1)+1,4m+1 =C 4(m-1)+1,4m+2 =C 4(m-1)+2,4m+1 =C 4(m-1)+2,4m+2 Substituting into equation (3), the mutual capacitance C between port 2m-1 and port 2m+1 M2m-1,2m+1 A value of 0 achieves electric field decoupling between port 2m-1 and port 2m+1. 2m-1 and L 2m+1 There are two vertically placed DD coils with currents flowing in opposite directions. The magnetic flux flowing into and out of the coils is the same. Coil L 2m-1 Generate through coil L 2m+1 magnetic flux Ф 2m-1,2m+1 The value is 0, and the coil L is... 2m+1 Generate through coil L 2m-1 magnetic flux Ф 2m+1,2m-1 It is also 0, which realizes the decoupling of the magnetic field between port 2m-1 and port 2m+1.

[0021] A multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units addresses the issue that, since the receiving plates and transmitting plates within adjacent relay units are decoupled, and the plates of non-adjacent relay units are relatively far apart, the mutual capacitance between any two pairs of non-adjacent plates is much smaller than the mutual capacitance between any two adjacent plates. Therefore, only the mutual capacitance C between any two adjacent plates needs to be considered. Ma,b The cross-coupling mutual capacitance of other non-adjacent plates can be ignored.

[0022] Similarly, since the receiving coils in adjacent repeater units are decoupled, and the transmitting coils are also decoupled, and the coils in non-adjacent repeater units are relatively far apart, the mutual inductance between any two non-adjacent coils is much smaller than the mutual inductance between any two adjacent coils. Therefore, we only need to consider the mutual inductance M between any two adjacent coils. a,b The cross-coupling mutual inductance of other non-adjacent coils can be ignored.

[0023] Therefore, in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of the hybrid coupler #m (m=1,2,…,N), the self-capacitance of ports 2m-1 and 2m is C. 2m-1,2 and C2m,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M2m-1,2m The self-capacitance of ports 2m and 2m+1 in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of relay unit #m (m=1,2,…,N-1) is C, which is the sum of the port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance. 2m,2 and C 2m+1,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M2m,2m+1 It is the sum of the port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, that is:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, M 2m-1,2m It is the mutual inductance between ports 2m-1 and 2m, M 2m,2m+1 This is the mutual inductance between ports 2m and 2m+1. d is the direction factor; when the receiving and transmitting coils in hybrid coupler #m are connected in the correct orientation, d = 1; when the receiving and transmitting coils in hybrid coupler #m are connected in reverse orientation, d = -1.

[0026] In the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of the hybrid coupler #m in a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit, the equivalent voltage source V at port 2m-1 is... 2m-1,2 and the equivalent voltage source V at port 2m 2m,1 In the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of relay unit #m, the equivalent voltage source V at port 2m is... 2m,2 The equivalent voltage source V at port 2m+1 2m+1,1 ,Right now:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, I 2m-1 I 2m and I 2m+1 It is the current flowing through port 2m-1, port 2m, and port 2m+1.

[0029] The inverter operates at an angular frequency of ω0. To achieve constant current output and ZPA input, the resonance condition is:

[0030]

[0031] When the parasitic resistance of all compensating inductors and capacitors is ignored, the current flowing through the load R m Current I Rm for:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, V in1 V is the effective value of the fundamental component of the inverter output voltage. in1 =2.8284V dc / π. It can be seen that the output current of the first load lags behind the inverter output voltage by 90°. If Z 2m-2,2m-1 =Z 2m-1,2m , then I Rm =-I Rm-1 Therefore, in the aforementioned multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units, the currents flowing through two adjacent loads have opposite phases but equal amplitudes, i.e., |I R1 |=|I R2 |,…=|I RN | and it is independent of the load resistance.

[0034] Beneficial effects: The benefits and indicators achieved by this invention.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this invention are: the system of this invention has fewer compensation components, establishes an equivalent model of a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units, realizes that the output current is independent of the load, and increases the transmission distance of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This describes the structure of a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a coupling mechanism for a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a coupling mechanism between relay unit #m-1 and relay unit #m in a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units;

[0039] Figure 4 An equivalent model of a controlled voltage source circuit for a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a hybrid wireless power transfer system topology with three constant current outputs used in this embodiment.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a coupling mechanism for a hybrid wireless power transfer system containing three constant current outputs;

[0042] Figure 7 An equivalent model of a controlled voltage source circuit for a hybrid wireless power transfer system with three constant current outputs;

[0043] Figure 8 The waveform of the output current of a hybrid wireless power transfer system containing three loads (R1 = R2 = R3 = 20Ω);

[0044] Figure 9 The waveform of the output current of a hybrid wireless power transfer system containing three loads (R1 = R2 = R3 = 100Ω); Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units includes one inverter and (N+1) relay units. The arrangement order of all relay units is: relay unit #0, relay unit #1, and so on, up to relay unit #m (m = 1, 2, ..., N-1), and finally relay unit #N.

[0047] The DC input voltage of the inverter is V dc The fundamental component V of the inverter's AC output voltage in1 This is the input voltage for relay unit #0.

[0048] Relay unit #0 includes transmitting plates P1 and P2 and transmitting coil L1, and compensating inductor L. f1,1 and L f1,2 and external capacitor C ex,1 Among them, the external capacitor C ex,1 It is connected in parallel to the left side of the emitting plates P1 and P2, and also in parallel to the emitting coil L1 and the compensating inductor L. f1,2 On the right side, the left side of the transmitting coil L1 is connected to the compensating inductor L f1,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f1,1 and L f1,2 The left side of L is connected to the output of the inverter; where, L f1,1 +L1=L f1,2 L f1,1 +L f1,2 =L f1 .

[0049] The relay unit #m (m = 1, 2, ..., N-1) contains the receiving plate P. 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2m Emitter P 4m+1 P 4m+2 and transmitting coil L 2m+1 Compensating inductor L f2m,1 L f2m,2 L f2m+1,1 L f2m+1,2 External capacitor C ex,2m With C ex,2m+1 and load resistance R m Among them, the external capacitor C ex,2m Parallel connection at receiving plate P4(m-1)+3 and P 4(m-1)+4 On the right side, it is connected in parallel with the receiving coil L. 2m and compensation inductor L f2m,2 Left side, receiving coil L 2m Right side and compensation inductor L f2m,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f2m,1 Right side and load resistor R m Connected, load resistance R m Right side and compensation inductor L f2m,2 Connected on the right side; external capacitor C ex,2m+1 Parallel connection at the emitter plate P 4m+1 and P 4m+2 On the left, it is connected in parallel to the transmitting coil L. 2m+1 and compensation inductor L f2m+1,2 On the right, transmitting coil L 2m+1 Left side and compensating inductor L f2m+1,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f2m+1,1 Left side and compensating inductor L f2m+1,2 Connected on the left; where, L f2m,1 +L 2m =L f2m,2 L f2m,1 +L f2m,2 =L f2m L f2m+1,1 +L 2m+1 =L f2m+1,2 L f2m+1,1 +L f2m+1,2 =L f2m+1 .

[0050] Relay unit #N includes receiving plate P 4(N-1)+3 P 4(N-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2N Compensating inductor L f2N,1 L f2N,2 External capacitor C ex,2N and load resistance R N Among them, the external capacitor C ex,2N Parallel connection at receiving plate P 4(N-1)+3 and P 4(N-1)+4 On the right side, it is connected in parallel with the receiving coil L. 2N and compensation inductor L f2N,2 Left side, receiving coil L 2N Right side and compensation inductor L f2N,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f2N,1 Right side and load resistor R N Connected, load resistance R N Right side and compensation inductor L f2N,2 Connected on the right; where, L f2N,1 +L 2N =L2N,2 L f2N,1 +L f2N,2 =L f2N .

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, in the multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units, the transmitting plates P1 and P2 in relay unit #0 are on the same plane as the transmitting coil L1, and the transmitting plates P1 and P2 constitute port 1; the receiving plate P in relay unit #m (m=1,2,…,N) 4(m-1)+3 and P 4(m-1)+4 With receiving coil L 2m On the same plane, the transmitting plate P in relay unit #m 4m+1 and P 4m+2 With transmitting coil L 2m+1 On the same plane, receiving plate P 4(m-1)+3 and P 4(m-1)+4 The port is 2m, and the emitting electrode is P. 4m+1 and P 4m+2 Port 2m+1 is formed; the receiving plate P in relay unit #N 4(N-1)+3 and P 4(N-1)+4 With receiving coil L 2N On the same plane, receiving plate P 4(N-1)+3 and P 4(N-1)+4 Port 2N is formed; and the receiving plate P in relay unit #m 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 With emitter plate P 4m+1 P 4m+2 The plates are at a 45° angle to each other, all plates are of equal shape and size, and the receiving coil L in relay unit #m 2m With transmitting coil L 2m+1 They are at a 45° angle to each other, and all coils are the same shape and size.

[0052] The transmitting plates P1, P2, and transmitting coil L1 in relay unit #0, together with the receiving plates P3, P4, and receiving coil L2 in relay unit #1, form hybrid coupler #1. The transmitting plates P5, P6, and transmitting coil L3 in relay unit #1, together with the receiving plates P7, P8, and transmitting coil L4 in relay unit #2, form hybrid coupler #2, and so on, up to the transmitting plate P in relay unit #m-1. 4(m-1)+1 P 4(m-1)+2 and transmitting coil L 2m-1 With the receiving plate P in relay unit #m 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2m This forms the hybrid coupler #m, which ultimately connects to the emitter plate P in relay unit #N-1. 4(N-1)+1 P 4(N-1)+2 and transmitting coil L2N-1 With the receiving plate P in relay unit #N 4(N-1)+3 P 4(N-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2N This constitutes a hybrid coupler #N; and the emitter plate P in the hybrid coupler #m 4(m-1)+1 P 4(m-1)+2 With receiving plate P 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 The plates are at a 45° angle to each other, all plates are of equal shape and size, and the transmitting coil L in the hybrid coupler #m is... 2m-1 With receiving coil L 2m They are at a 45° angle to each other, and all coils are the same shape and size.

[0053] The aforementioned multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units transmits power wirelessly sequentially through hybrid coupler #1, relay unit #1, hybrid coupler #2, relay unit #2, ..., hybrid coupler #m, relay unit #m, ..., hybrid coupler #N; considering the cross-coupling capacitance between different port plates, the self-capacitance C of port a... port,a (a = 1, 2, 3, ..., 2N) is:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, C i,j For plate P i and electrode plate P j The coupling capacitance between them, i,j=1,2,…,4(N-1)+4,i≠j;

[0056] The self-capacitances of ports 2m-1 and 2m in the hybrid coupler #m are C respectively. port,2m-1 and C port,2m The self-capacitances of ports 2m and 2m+1 in relay unit #m are C respectively. port,2m and C port,2m+1 It can be obtained from equation (10); when external capacitor C is connected in parallel to port 2m-1, port 2m and port 2m+1 respectively. ex,2m-1 C ex,2m and C ex,2m+1 Then, the equivalent self-capacitances of ports 2m-1, 2m, and 2m+1 are C, respectively. in,2m-1 C in,2m and C in,2m+1 , can be represented as:

[0057]

[0058] The mutual capacitance between ports a and b is equal to the mutual capacitance between ports b and a, i.e.: C Ma,b =C Mb,a The mutual capacitance C between any two ports a and bMa,b (a,b=1,2,…,2N,a≠b) is:

[0059]

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the plates at ports 2m-2 and 2m are placed perpendicularly, and the facing areas of the plates are equal. Therefore, C can be obtained. 4(m-2)+3,4(m-1)+3 =C 4(m-2)+4,4(m-1)+4 =C 4(m-2)+3,4(m-1)+4 =C 4(m-2)+4,4(m-1)+3 Substituting into equation (12), the mutual capacitance C between port 2m-2 and port 2m... M2m-2,2m A value of 0 achieves electric field decoupling between port 2m-2 and port 2m. 2m-2 and L 2m There are two vertically placed DD coils with currents flowing in opposite directions. The magnetic flux flowing into and out of the coils is the same. Coil L 2m-2 Generate through coil L 2m magnetic flux Ф 2m-2,2m The value is 0, and the coil L is... 2m Generate through coil L 2m-2 magnetic flux Ф 2m,2m-2 The value is also 0, achieving magnetic field decoupling between port 2m-2 and port 2m; the plates at ports 2m-1 and 2m+1 are placed vertically, with equal facing areas, allowing us to obtain C. 4(m-1)+1,4m+1 =C 4(m-1)+1,4m+2 =C 4(m-1)+2,4m+1 =C 4(m-1)+2,4m+2 Substituting into equation (12), the mutual capacitance C between port 2m-1 and port 2m+1 M2m-1,2m+1 A value of 0 achieves electric field decoupling between port 2m-1 and port 2m+1. 2m-1 and L 2m+1 There are two vertically placed DD coils with currents flowing in opposite directions. The magnetic flux flowing into and out of the coils is the same. Coil L 2m-1 Generate through coil L 2m+1 magnetic flux Ф 2m-1,2m+1 The value is 0, and the coil L is... 2m+1 Generate through coil L 2m-1 magnetic flux Ф 2m+1,2m-1 It is also 0, which realizes the decoupling of the magnetic field between port 2m-1 and port 2m+1.

[0061] A multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units addresses the issue that, since the receiving plates and transmitting plates within adjacent relay units are decoupled, and the plates of non-adjacent relay units are relatively far apart, the mutual capacitance between any two pairs of non-adjacent plates is much smaller than the mutual capacitance between any two adjacent plates. Therefore, only the mutual capacitance C between any two adjacent plates needs to be considered. Ma,b The cross-coupling mutual capacitance of other non-adjacent plates can be ignored.

[0062] Similarly, since the receiving coils in adjacent repeater units are decoupled, and the transmitting coils are also decoupled, and the coils in non-adjacent repeater units are relatively far apart, the mutual inductance between any two non-adjacent coils is much smaller than the mutual inductance between any two adjacent coils. Therefore, we only need to consider the mutual inductance M between any two adjacent coils. a,b The cross-coupling mutual inductance of other non-adjacent coils can be ignored.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of the hybrid coupler #m (m=1,2,…,N), the self-capacitance of ports 2m-1 and 2m is C. 2m-1,2 and C 2m,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M2m-1,2m The self-capacitance of ports 2m and 2m+1 in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of relay unit #m (m=1,2,…,N-1) is C, which is the sum of the port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance. 2m,2 and C 2m+1,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M2m,2m+1 It is the sum of the port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, that is:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, M 2m-1,2m It is the mutual inductance between ports 2m-1 and 2m, M 2m,2m+1 This is the mutual inductance between ports 2m and 2m+1. d is the direction factor; when the receiving and transmitting coils in hybrid coupler #m are connected in the correct orientation, d = 1; when the receiving and transmitting coils in hybrid coupler #m are connected in reverse orientation, d = -1.

[0066] In the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of the hybrid coupler #m in a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit, the equivalent voltage source V at port 2m-1 is... 2m-1,2 The equivalent voltage source V at port 2m 2m,1 In the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of relay unit #m, the equivalent voltage source V at port 2m is... 2m,2 The equivalent voltage source V at port 2m+1 2m+1,1 They are respectively:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, I 2m-1 I 2m and I 2m+1 It is the current flowing through port 2m-1, port 2m, and port 2m+1.

[0069] The inverter operates at an angular frequency of ω0. To achieve constant current output and ZPA input, the resonance condition is:

[0070]

[0071] When the parasitic resistance of all compensating inductors and capacitors is ignored, the current flowing through the load R m Current I Rm for:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, V in1 V is the effective value of the fundamental component of the inverter output voltage. in1 =2.8284V dc / π. It can be seen that the output current of the first load lags behind the inverter output voltage by 90°. If Z 2m-2,2m-1 =Z 2m-1,2m , then I Rm =-I Rm-1 Therefore, in the aforementioned multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units, the currents flowing through two adjacent loads have opposite phases but equal amplitudes, i.e., |I R1 |=|I R2 |,…=|I RN | and it is independent of the load resistance.

[0074] The following is a detailed explanation using a hybrid wireless power transmission system with three constant current outputs as an example.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, the hybrid energy transmission system with multiple constant current outputs includes one inverter and four relay units. The relay units are arranged in the following order: relay unit #0, relay unit #1, relay unit #2, and relay unit #3.

[0076] The DC input voltage of the inverter is V dc The fundamental component V of the inverter's AC output voltage in1 This is the input voltage for relay unit #0.

[0077] Relay unit #0 includes transmitting plates P1 and P2 and transmitting coil L1, and compensating inductor L. f1,1 and L f1,2 and external capacitor C ex,1Among them, the compensating inductor L f1,1 and L f1,2 The left side is connected to the inverter output, and the compensation inductor L f1,1 The right side is connected to the transmitting coil L1, and the external capacitor C ex,1 Parallel connection between the transmitting coil L1 and the compensating inductor L f1,2 On the right side, it is connected in parallel to the left side of the emitting plates P1 and P2, where L f1,1 +L1=L f1,2 L f1,1 +L f1,2 =L f1 .

[0078] Relay unit #1 includes receiving plates P3 and P4 and receiving coil L2, transmitting plates P5 and P6 and transmitting coil L3, and compensating inductor L. f2,1 L f2,2 L f3,1 and L f3,2 External capacitor C ex,2 and C ex,3 and load resistor R1; wherein, external capacitor C ex,2 It is connected in parallel to the right side of the receiving plates P3 and P4, and also in parallel to the receiving coil L2 and the compensation inductor L. f2,2 On the left, the right side of the receiving coil L2 is connected to the compensation inductor L f2,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f2,1 The right side is connected to the load resistor R1, and the right side of the load resistor R1 is connected to the compensation inductor L. f2,2 Connected on the right side; external capacitor C ex,3 It is connected in parallel to the left side of the emitting plates P5 and P6, and also in parallel to the emitting coil L3 and the compensating inductor L. f3,2 On the right side, the left side of the transmitting coil L3 is connected to the compensating inductor L f3,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f3,1 Left side and compensating inductor L f3,2 Connected on the left; where, L f2,1 +L2=L f2,2 L f2,1 +L f2,2 =L f2 L f3,1 +L3=L f3,2 L f3,1 +L f3,2 =L f3 .

[0079] Relay unit #2 includes receiving plates P7 and P8 and receiving coil L4, and transmitting plates P9 and P8. 10 And transmitting coil L5, compensating inductor L f4,1 L f4,2 L f5,1 and Lf5,2 External capacitor C ex,4 and C ex,5 and load resistance R2; where the external capacitor C ex,4 It is connected in parallel to the right side of the receiving plates P7 and P8, and also in parallel to the receiving coil L4 and the compensation inductor L. f4,2 On the left, the right side of the receiving coil L4 is connected to the compensation inductor L. f4,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f4,1 The right side is connected to the load resistor R2, and the right side of the load resistor R2 is connected to the compensation inductor L. f4,2 Connected on the right side; external capacitor C ex,5 Parallel connection at emitter plates P9 and P 10 On the left, it is connected in parallel with both the transmitting coil L5 and the compensation inductor L f5,2 On the right side, the left side of the transmitting coil L5 is connected to the compensating inductor L f5,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f5,1 Left side and compensating inductor L f5,2 Connected on the left; where, L f4,1 +L4=L f4,2 L f4,1 +L f4,2 =L f4 L f5,1 +L5=L f5,2 L f5,1 +L f5,2 =L f5 .

[0080] Relay unit #3 includes receiving plate P 11 P 12 and receiving coil L6, compensation inductor L f6,1 and L f6,2 External capacitor C ex,6 and load resistor R3; wherein, external capacitor C ex,6 Parallel connection at receiving plate P 11 and P 12 On the right side, it is connected in parallel with the receiving coil L6 and the compensation inductor L. f6,2 On the left, the right side of the receiving coil L6 is connected to the compensation inductor L. f6,1 Connected, compensating inductor L f6,1 The right side is connected to the load resistor R3, and the right side of the load resistor R3 is connected to the compensation inductor L. f6,2 Connected on the right, where L f6,1 +L6=L f6,2 L f6,1 +L f6,2 =L f6 .

[0081] like Figure 6The diagram shows a hybrid wireless power transfer system with three constant current outputs, comprising plates P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, and P... 10 P 11 and P 12 All plates are of equal size, and coils L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L6 are all the same shape and size. In repeater unit #0, transmitting plates P1 and P2 and transmitting coil L1 are on the same plane, with transmitting plates P1 and P2 forming port 1. In repeater unit #1, receiving plates P3 and P4 and receiving coil L2 are on the same plane, transmitting plates P5 and P6 and transmitting coil L3 are on the same plane, receiving plates P3 and P4 form port 2, and transmitting plates P5 and P6 form port 3. In repeater unit #2, receiving plates P7 and P8 and receiving coil L4 are on the same plane, and transmitting plates P9 and P1 are on the same plane. 10 The transmitting coil L5 is on the same plane as the receiving plate P7 and P8, which form port 4, and the transmitting plate P9 and P... 10 Port 5 is formed; the receiving plate P in relay unit #3 11 P 12 The receiving coil L6 is on the same plane as the receiving plate P. 11 and P 12 Port 6 is formed; and the transmitting plates P1, P2 and transmitting coil L1 in relay unit #0 are at a 45-degree angle to the receiving plates P3, P4 and receiving coil L2 in relay unit #1. The transmitting plates P1, P2 and transmitting coil L1 in relay unit #0 are perpendicular to the transmitting plates P5, P6 and transmitting coil L3 in relay unit #1. The receiving plates P3, P4 and receiving coil L2 in relay unit #1 are perpendicular to the receiving plates P7, P8 and receiving coil L4 in relay unit #2. The transmitting plates P5, P6 and transmitting coil L3 in relay unit #1 are perpendicular to the transmitting plates P9, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P3 in relay unit #1 and P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P1, P1, P1, P1, P2, P1, P1, P2, P1, P1, P2, P1, P1, P2, P1, P1, P2, P1, P1, P2, P1, P1, P2, P1, P3, P4, P1 ...3, P4, P1, P1, P1, P2, P1, P1, P2, P3, P4, P1, P1, P1, P2, P1, P1, 10 Perpendicular to transmitting coil L5, receiving plates P7 and P8 and receiving coil L4 in repeater unit #2 are perpendicular to receiving plate P in repeater unit #3. 11 P 12 It is perpendicular to the transmitting coil L6.

[0082] The transmitting plates P1, P2, and transmitting coil L1 in repeater unit #0, together with the receiving plates P3 and P4 and receiving coil L2 in repeater unit #1, form a hybrid coupler #1. The transmitting plates P5, P6, and transmitting coil L3 in repeater unit #1, together with the receiving plates P7, P8, and receiving coil L4 in repeater unit #2, form a hybrid coupler #2. The transmitting plates P9, P6, and L1 in repeater unit #2 form a hybrid coupler #2. 10 and the transmitting coil L5 and the receiving plate P in relay unit #3 11 and P12 The transmitting plates P1, P2 and transmitting coil L1 in hybrid coupler #1 form a hybrid coupler #3; and the transmitting plates P3, P4 and receiving coil L2 in hybrid coupler #1 are at a 45-degree angle to each other. The transmitting plates P1, P2 and transmitting coil L1 in hybrid coupler #1 are perpendicular to the transmitting plates P5, P6 and transmitting coil L3 in hybrid coupler #2. The receiving plates P3, P4 and receiving coil L2 in hybrid coupler #1 are perpendicular to the receiving plates P7, P8 and receiving coil L4 in hybrid coupler #2. The transmitting plates P5, P6 and transmitting coil L3 in hybrid coupler #2 are perpendicular to the transmitting plates P9, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8 and L4 in hybrid coupler #3. 10 Perpendicular to the transmitting coil L5, the receiving plates P7 and P8 in hybrid coupler #2 and the receiving coil L4 are perpendicular to the receiving plate P in hybrid coupler #3. 11 P 12 It is perpendicular to the transmitting coil L6.

[0083] The wireless power transmission system based on relay units transmits power wirelessly through hybrid coupler #1, relay unit #1, hybrid coupler #2, relay unit #2, and hybrid coupler #3 in sequence. Considering the cross-coupling capacitance between the plates of different ports, the self-capacitance C of ports 1 to 6... port,1 C port,2 C port,3 C port,4 C port,5 and C port,6 They are respectively:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, C i,j For plate P i and electrode plate P j The coupling capacitance between them, i,j=1,2,…,12i≠j;

[0086] External capacitors C are connected in parallel to ports 1 through 6 respectively. ex,1 C ex,2 C ex,3 C ex,4 C ex,5 and C ex,6 Then, the equivalent self-capacitances of ports 1 to 6 are C respectively. in,1 C in,2 C in,3 C in,4 C in,5 and C in,6 , can be represented as:

[0087]

[0088] The mutual capacitance C between port 1 and port 2, port 2 and port 3, port 3 and port 4, port 4 and port 5, and port 5 and port 6 M1,2 C M2,3 C M3,4 C M4,5 and C M5,6 for:

[0089]

[0090] With the plates at ports 1 and 3 perpendicular and their facing areas equal, we can obtain C. 1,5 =C 2,6 =C 1,6 =C 2,5 Since the plates at ports 2 and 4 are perpendicular and have equal facing areas, we can obtain C. 3,7 =C 4,8 =C 3,8 =C 4,7 Since the plates at ports 3 and 5 are perpendicular and have equal facing areas, we can obtain C. 5,9 =C 6,10 =C 5,10 =C 6,9 Since the plates at ports 4 and 6 are perpendicular and have equal facing areas, we can obtain C. 7,11 =C 8,12 =C 7,12 =C 8,11 Substituting into equation (12), the mutual capacitance C between port 1 and port 3 M1,3 The mutual capacitance C between port 2 and port 4 is 0. M2,4 The mutual capacitance C between port 3 and port 5 is 0. M3,5 The mutual capacitance C between port 4 and port 6 is 0. M4,6 The value is 0, realizing the electric field decoupling between the transmitting plates and between the receiving plates in two adjacent relay units of a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units; L1 and L3, L2 and L4, L3 and L5, L4 and L6 are two vertically placed DD coils, the current directions of the two coils are opposite, the magnetic flux flowing into the coils and the magnetic flux flowing out of the coils are the same, and the transmitting coil L1 generates a magnetic flux Ф passing through the transmitting coil L3. 1,3 When the value is 0, the transmitting coil L3 generates a magnetic flux Ф that passes through the transmitting coil L1. 3,1 It is also 0, and the receiving coil L2 generates a magnetic flux Ф that passes through the receiving coil L4. 2,4 When the value is 0, the receiving coil L4 generates a magnetic flux Ф that passes through the receiving coil L2. 4,2 Also zero, the transmitting coil L3 generates a magnetic flux Ф passing through the transmitting coil L5. 3,5When the value is 0, the transmitting coil L5 generates a magnetic flux Ф that passes through the transmitting coil L3. 5,3 Also zero, the receiving coil L4 generates a magnetic flux Ф passing through the receiving coil L6. 4,6 When the value is 0, the receiving coil L6 generates a magnetic flux Ф that passes through the receiving coil L4. 6,4 It is also 0, realizing the magnetic field decoupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil in two adjacent relay units of a multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units.

[0091] Since the receiving plates in adjacent repeater units are decoupled, and the transmitting plates are also decoupled, and the plates in non-adjacent repeater units are relatively far apart, the mutual capacitance between any two pairs of non-adjacent plates is much smaller than the mutual capacitance between any two adjacent plates. Therefore, we only need to consider the mutual capacitance C between two adjacent plates. M1,2 C M2,3 C M3,4 C M4,5 and C M5,6 The cross-coupling mutual capacitance of other non-adjacent plates can be ignored.

[0092] Similarly, since the receiving coils in adjacent repeater units are decoupled, and the transmitting coils are also decoupled, and the coils in non-adjacent repeater units are relatively far apart, the mutual inductance between any two non-adjacent coils is much smaller than the mutual inductance between any two adjacent coils. Therefore, we only need to consider the mutual inductance M between any two adjacent coils. 1,2 M 2,3 M 3,4 M 4,5 and M 5,6 The cross-coupling mutual inductance of other non-adjacent coils can be ignored.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of hybrid coupler #1, the self-capacitance of port 1 and port 2 is C. 1,2 and C 2,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M1,2 The self-capacitance of ports 2 and 3 in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of relay unit #1 is C, which is the sum of the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of the ports. 2,2 and C 3,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M2,3 The self-capacitance of ports 3 and 4 in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of hybrid coupler #2, which is the sum of port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, is C. 3,2 and C 4,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M3,4 The self-capacitance of ports 4 and 5 in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of relay unit #2 is C, which is the sum of the port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance. 4,2 and C 5,1Equivalent mutual impedance Z M4,5 The self-capacitance of ports 5 and 6 in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of hybrid coupler #3 is C, which is the sum of the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance at the ports. 5,2 and C 6,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M5,6 It is the sum of the port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, that is:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, M 1,2 It is the mutual inductance between ports 1 and 2, M 2,3 It is the mutual inductance between ports 2 and 3, M 3,4 It is the mutual inductance between ports 3 and 4, M 4,5 It is the mutual inductance between ports 4 and 5, M 5,6 It is the mutual inductance between ports 5 and 6. Since the receiving and transmitting coils in hybrid coupler #1, relay unit #1, hybrid coupler #2, relay unit #2, and hybrid coupler #3 are reversed at the same-name terminals, d = -1.

[0096] At this point, in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit of the multi-load constant current output hybrid wireless power transfer system, the controlled voltage source V at ports 1 to 6... 1,2 V 2,1 V 2,2 V 3,1 V 3,2 V 4,1 V 4,2 V 5,1 V 5,2 and V 6,1 for:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 and I6 are the currents flowing through ports 1 to 6.

[0099] The inverter operates at an angular frequency of ω0. To achieve constant current output and ZPA input, the resonance condition is:

[0100]

[0101] When the parasitic resistance of all compensating inductors and capacitors is ignored, the current I flowing through the load R1 is R1 The current I flowing through the load R2 R2 The current I flowing through load R3 R3 They are respectively:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, Vin1 V is the effective value of the fundamental component of the inverter output voltage. in1 =2.8284V dc / π. It can be seen that the output current of the first load lags behind the inverter output voltage by 90°. If Z M2,3 =Z M3,4 And Z M4,5 =Z M5,6 We can obtain I R1 =-I R2 =I R3 Therefore, in the aforementioned multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units, the currents flowing through two adjacent loads have opposite phases but equal amplitudes, i.e., |I R1 |=|I R2 |=|I R3 | and it is independent of the load resistance.

[0104] Example: Simulation result analysis.

[0105] In a simulation of a hybrid energy transfer system with multiple constant current outputs, the equivalent self-capacitance C is calculated. in,1 =2.5004×10 -10 F, C in,2 =2.4622×10 -10 F, C in,3 =2.4622×10 -10 F, C in,4 =2.4622×10 -10 F, C in,5 =2.4622×10 -10 F, C in,6 =2.4621×10 -10 F, equivalent mutual capacitance C M1,2 =7.6918×10 -12 F, C M2,3 =7.7030×10 -12 F, C M3,4 =7.5731×10 -12 F, C M4,5 =7.6429×10 -12 F, C M5,6 =7.6822×10 -12 F, the coil self-inductance L1 = 3.3639 × 10 -5 H, L2 = 3.3266 × 10 -5 H, L3 = 3.3234 × 10 -5 H,L4 = 3.3289 × 10 -5 H, L5 = 3.3248 × 10 -5 H, L6 = 3.3639 × 10-5 H, mutual inductance M 1,2 =3.5739×10 -6 H, M 3,4 =3.5937×10 -6 H, M 5,6 =3.5733×10 -6 H.

[0106] Figure 8 When the input voltage is V dc =50V, load resistance R1=R2=R3=20Ω, the waveform of the output current of the hybrid wireless power transfer system with three constant current outputs can be seen. It can be seen that the output current i of the first load is... R1 Lagging behind the inverter output voltage by 90°, the output current i of the first load R1 The effective value is 0.953A, and the output current i of the second load is... R2 The effective value is 0.960A, and the output current i of the third load is... R3 The effective value is 0.960A, which shows that the three load currents are approximately equal and the phase difference between adjacent load currents is 180°.

[0107] Figure 9 The waveform of the output current of a hybrid wireless power transfer system with three constant current outputs is given when the load resistances R1 = R2 = R3 = 100Ω. It can be seen that the output current i of the first load is... R1 Lagging behind the inverter output voltage by 90°, the output current i of the first load R1 The effective value is 0.939A, and the output current i of the second load is... R2 The effective value is 0.931A, and the output current i of the third load is... R3 The effective value is 0.922A, indicating that the three load currents are approximately equal, and the phase difference between adjacent load currents is 180°. These experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid wireless power transfer system with three constant current outputs achieves constant current output from three loads and is load-independent.

[0108] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units proposed in this invention can achieve constant current output and load independence.

[0109] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within its spirit and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units, comprising one inverter and relay units #0-relay unit# arranged linearly in sequence. N Energy is transferred between any adjacent plates and coils through electric and magnetic field coupling; Relay unit #0 includes transmitting plates P1 and P2 and a transmitting coil. L 1. Compensating inductance L f1,1 and L f1,2 and external capacitors C ex,1 The transmitting plates P1 and P2 in relay unit #0 are connected to the transmitting coil. L 1. On the same plane, the emitting plates P1 and P2 constitute port 1; Relay Unit # m ( m = 1, 2,…, N -1) Includes receiving electrode P 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 and receiving coil L 2m Emitter P 4m+1 P 4m+2 and transmitting coil L 2m+1 Compensating inductance L f2m,1 , L f2m,2 , L f2m+1,1 , L f2m+1,2 External capacitor C ex,2m and C ex,2m+1 and load resistance R m ; Relay Unit # m ( m = 1, 2,…, N -1) The receiving electrode P 4(m-1)+3 and P 4(m-1)+4 With receiving coil L 2m On the same plane, relay unit # m The emitter plate P in 4m+1 and P 4m+2 With transmitting coil L 2m+1 On the same plane, receiving plate P 4(m-1)+3 and P 4(m-1)+4 Port 2 m Emitter P 4m+1 and P 4m+2 Port 2 m +1; Relay Unit # m The receiving plate P in 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 With emitter plate P 4m+1 P 4m+2 The angle between them is 45°, all plates are of equal shape and size, relay unit # m The receiving coil in L 2m With transmitting coil L 2m+1 They are at a 45° angle to each other, and all coils are the same shape and size; Relay Unit # N Includes receiving electrode P 4(N-1) +3 P 4(N-1) +4 and receiving coil L 2N Compensating inductance L f2N,1 , L f2N,2 External capacitor C ex,2N and load resistance R N ; Relay Unit # N The receiving plate P in 4(N-1) +3 and P 4(N-1) +4 With receiving coil L 2N On the same plane, receiving plate P 4(N-1)+3 and P 4(N-1)+4 Port 2 N ; Transmitting plates P1 and P2 and transmitting coil in relay unit #0 L 1. The receiving plates P3 and P4 and the receiving coil in relay unit #1 L 2. This constitutes the hybrid coupler #1, and the transmitting plates P5 and P6 and transmitting coil in the relay unit #1. L 3. The receiving plates P7 and P8 and the transmitting coil in relay unit #2 L 4 form hybrid coupler #2, and so on, up to relay unit # m The emitter plate P in -1 4(m-1)+1 P 4(m-1)+2 and transmitting coil L 2m-1 With relay unit # m The receiving plate P in 4(m-1) +3 P 4(m-1) +4 and receiving coil L 2m Constructing a hybrid coupler# m Finally, to relay unit # N The emitter plate P in -1 4(N-1) +1 P 4(N-1) +2 and transmitting coil L 2N-1 With relay unit # N The receiving plate P in 4(N-1) +3 P 4(N-1) +4 and receiving coil L 2N Constructing a hybrid coupler# N Hybrid Coupler # m The emitter plate P in 4(m-1)+1 P 4(m-1)+2 With receiving plate P 4(m-1)+3 P 4(m-1)+4 The angle between them is 45°, all plates are of equal shape and size, hybrid coupler # m The transmitting coil in L 2m-1 With receiving coil L 2m The coils are at a 45° angle to each other, and all coils are the same shape and size. Port 2 m -2 and port 2 m The plates are placed vertically, and the areas of the plates facing each other are equal. L 2m-2 and L 2m Two vertically placed DD coils; Port 2 m -1 and port 2 m The +1 electrode is placed vertically, and the areas of the electrodes facing each other are equal. L 2m-1 and L 2m+1 There are two vertically placed DD coils.

2. The multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC input voltage of the inverter is V dc Inverter AC output voltage V in1 This is the input voltage for relay unit #0; In relay unit #0, the external capacitor C ex,1 It is connected in parallel to the left side of the emitting plates P1 and P2, and also in parallel to the emitting coil. L 1 and compensation inductor L f1,2 Right side, transmitting coil L 1. Left side and compensating inductor L f1,1 Connected, compensating inductance L f1,1 and L f1,2 The left side is connected to the inverter output; in, L f1,1 + L 1= L f1,2 , L f1,1 + L f1,2 = L f1 ; Relay Unit # m In the middle, external capacitor C ex,2m Parallel connection at receiving plate P 4(m-1)+3 and P 4(m-1)+4 On the right side, it is connected in parallel with the receiving coil. L 2m and compensating inductor L f2m,2 Left side, receiving coil L 2m Right side and compensation inductor L f2m,1 Connected, compensating inductance L f2m,1 Right side and load resistor R m Connected, load resistance R m Right side and compensation inductor L f2m,2 Right side connected; external capacitor C ex,2m+1 Parallel connection at the emitter plate P 4m+1 and P 4m+2 On the left, simultaneously connected in parallel to the transmitting coil L 2m+1 and compensating inductor L f2m+1,2 Right side, transmitting coil L 2m+1 Left side and compensating inductor L f2m+1,1 Connected, compensating inductance L f2m+1,1 Left side and compensating inductor L f2m+1,2 Connected on the left; among them, L f2m,1 + L 2m = L f2m,2 , L f2m,1 + L f2m,2 = L f2m , L f2m+1,1 + L 2m+1 = L f2m+1,2 , L f2m+1,1 + L f2m+1,2 = L f2m+1 ; Relay Unit # N In the middle, external capacitor C ex,2N Parallel connection at receiving plate P 4(N-1) +3 and P 4(N-1) +4 On the right side, it is connected in parallel with the receiving coil. L 2N and compensating inductor L f2N,2 Left side, receiving coil L 2N Right side and compensation inductor L f2N,1 Connected, compensating inductance L f2N,1 Right side and load resistor R N Connected, load resistance R N Right side and compensation inductor L f2N,2 Connected on the right; among them, L f2N,1 + L 2N = L f2N,2 , L f2N,1 + L f2N,2 = L f2N ; The system sequentially connects to hybrid coupler #1, relay unit #1, hybrid coupler #2, relay unit #2, ..., hybrid coupler # m Relay Unit # m、 …、Hybrid Coupler# N For wireless power transmission, considering the cross-coupling capacitance between different port plates, the port... a self-capacitance C port,a ( a = 1,2,3, …, 2 N )for: (1) in, C i, j For plate P i and electrode plate P j Coupling capacitance between them i , j = 1,2, …, 4( N -1)+4, i ≠ j ; Hybrid Coupler # m Middle Port 2 m -1 and port 2 m The internal self-capacitances are respectively C port,2m-1 and C port,2m Relay unit # m Middle Port 2 m and 2 m +1 internal self-capacitance is respectively C port,2m and C port,2m+1 It can be obtained from equation (1); when port 2 m -1, Port 2 m and port 2 m +1 are connected in parallel with external capacitors. C ex,2m-1 , C ex,2m and C ex,2m+1 Then, port 2 m -1, Port 2 m and port 2 m The equivalent self-capacitance of +1 is respectively C in,2m-1 , C in,2m and C in,2m+1 , can be represented as: (2) port a and b The mutual capacitance between them is equal to that at the port. b and a The mutual capacitance between them, that is: C Ma,b = C Mb,a Any two ports a and b mutual capacitance C Ma,b ( a,b =1,2,…,2 N , a ≠ b )for: (3) C 4(m-2)+3, 4(m-1)+3 = C 4(m-2)+4, 4(m-1)+4 = C 4(m-2)+3, 4(m-1)+4 = C 4(m-2)+4, 4(m-1)+3 Substitute into equation (3), port 2 m -2 and port 2 m mutual capacitance C M2m-2, 2m A value of 0 indicates that port 2 has been implemented. m -2 and port 2 m Decoupling of electric fields between them L 2m-2 and L 2m The currents in the two coils flow in opposite directions, and the magnetic flux flowing into and out of the coils is the same. L 2m-2 Generate through the coil L 2m magnetic flux F 2m-2, 2m The coil is 0. L 2m Generate through the coil L 2m-2 magnetic flux F 2m, 2m-2 It is also 0, thus implementing port 2. m -2 and port 2 m Magnetic field decoupling between them; C 4(m-1)+1, 4m+1 = C 4(m-1)+1, 4m+2 = C 4(m-1)+2, 4m+1 = C 4(m-1)+2, 4m+2 Substitute into equation (3), port 2 m -1 and port 2 m Mutual capacitance between +1 C M2m-1, 2m+1 A value of 0 indicates that port 2 has been implemented. m -1 and port 2 m Electric field decoupling between +1 and +1 L 2m-1 and L 2m+1 The currents in the two coils flow in opposite directions, and the magnetic flux flowing into and out of the coils is the same. L 2m-1 Generate through the coil L 2m+1 magnetic flux F 2m-1, 2m+1 The coil is 0. L 2m+1 Generate through the coil L 2m-1 magnetic flux F 2m+1, 2m-1 It is also 0, thus implementing port 2. m -1 and port 2 m The magnetic field between +1 is decoupled.

3. The multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Hybrid Coupler # m ( m = 1, 2,…, N In the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit, port 2 m -1 and 2 m The self-capacitance is C 2m-1,2 and C 2m,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M2m-1,2m The sum of port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, relay unit # m ( m = 1, 2,…, N -1) In the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit, port 2 m and 2 m +1 self-capacitance is C 2m,2 and C 2m+1,1 Equivalent mutual impedance Z M2m,2m+1 It is the sum of the port mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, that is: (4) (5) in, M 2m-1,2m It is port 2 m -1 and 2 m Mutual intuition between them M 2m,2m+1 It is port 2 m and 2 m Mutual induction between +1, d For the direction coefficient, when the hybrid coupler # m When the receiving coil and transmitting coil are connected at the same name terminals d = 1, when the hybrid coupler # m When the corresponding terminals of the receiving coil and transmitting coil are reversed... d = -1; This system's hybrid coupler # m Port 2 in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit m -1 equivalent voltage source V 2m-1,2 and port 2 m Equivalent voltage source V 2m,1 Relay unit # m Port 2 in the equivalent model of the controlled voltage source circuit m Equivalent voltage source V 2m,2 and port 2 m +1 equivalent voltage source V 2m+1,1 ,Right now: (6) (7) in, I 2m-1 , I 2m and I 2m+1 It flows through port 2 m -1, Port 2 m and port 2 m +1 current.

4. The multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter's operating angular frequency is ω 0. To achieve constant current output and ZPA input, the resonance condition is: (8)。 5. The multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on a relay unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the parasitic resistance of all compensating inductors and capacitors is ignored, the current flowing through the load... R m current I Rm for: (9) in, V in1 This represents the effective value of the fundamental component of the inverter output voltage. V in1 =2.8284 V dc / It can be seen that the output current of the first load lags behind the inverter output voltage by 90°. Z 2m-2,2m-1 = Z 2m-1,2m ,but I Rm =- I Rm-1 Therefore, in the multi-load hybrid wireless power transmission system based on relay units, the currents flowing through two adjacent loads have opposite phases but equal amplitudes, i.e. |I R1 | = |I R2 | , …= |I RN | And it is independent of the load resistance.

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