Solar cell, cell assembly and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of solar cells, and provides a solar cell, a cell module and a photovoltaic system. The solar cell comprises a front surface, a back surface and a plurality of side surfaces, the front surface is opposite to the back surface; the side faces comprise chamfered side faces, and squamous textures are formed on the chamfered side faces. Therefore, the squamous textures are formed on the side surfaces of the chamfers, so that the side surfaces of the chamfers are smoother, scratch or foreign object impact can be better resisted, and the risk of damage to the solar cell is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a solar cell, a battery assembly and a photovoltaic system. Background Art

[0002] Solar cell power generation is a sustainable source of clean energy, which uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor pn junction to convert sunlight into electrical energy. In related technologies, solar cells are prone to cracks on the edges during production and transportation, and break under the action of stress.

[0003] Based on this, how to reduce the risk of damage to solar cells has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a solar cell, a battery assembly and a photovoltaic system, aiming to solve the problem of how to reduce the risk of damage to the solar cell.

[0005] The solar cell provided in the present application comprises a front side, a back side and several side sides, wherein the front side is opposite to the back side and the side sides are located between the front side and the back side; the side sides comprise chamfered side sides, and the chamfered side sides are formed with a scaly texture.

[0006] Specifically, the chamfered side surface is a straight surface; or, the chamfered side surface is a curved surface.

[0007] Specifically, the scale-like texture includes a first scale and a second scale, and the width of the first scale is smaller than the width of the second scale.

[0008] Specifically, the number of the first scales is greater than the number of the second scales.

[0009] Specifically, the width of the first scale pattern is 0.1 μm-3 μm.

[0010] Specifically, the width of the second scale pattern is 3 μm-20 μm.

[0011] Specifically, the maximum height difference of the chamfered side surface is 0.1 μm-10 μm.

[0012] Specifically, a protective layer is formed on the side surface, and the protective layer includes at least one of a borosilicate glass layer, a polysilicon layer, and a phosphosilicate glass layer.

[0013] Specifically, the side surface includes an edge side surface, the edge side surface includes a first area and a second area, the first area is located on a side of the side surface close to the front surface, the second area is located on a side of the side surface close to the back surface, and the protective layer is located in the second area.

[0014] Specifically, the ratio of the width of the first region to the width of the second region is in the range of 1-2.

[0015] Specifically, the solar cell includes a silicon substrate, the protection layer covers the silicon substrate and is formed with a through hole, and the silicon substrate forms a recessed structure at the through hole.

[0016] Specifically, the size of the recessed structure is 0.2 μm-5 μm.

[0017] Specifically, the depth of the recessed structure is 0.1 μm-5 μm.

[0018] The battery assembly provided in the present application includes any of the above-mentioned solar cells.

[0019] The photovoltaic system provided in the present application includes any one of the above-mentioned battery components.

[0020] The solar cells, battery modules and photovoltaic systems of the embodiments of the present application can form a scaly texture on the chamfered side, so that the chamfered side can be made smoother, thereby better resisting scratches or impacts from foreign objects, which helps to reduce the risk of damage to the solar cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of a partial structure of a solar cell; Figure 3 This is a SEM electron microscope image of the chamfered side of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of a partial structure of a solar cell; Figure 5 This is a SEM electron microscope image of the side surface of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application; Description of main component symbols: Solar cell 10, silicon substrate 101, front side 111, back side 112, side surface 12, chamfered side surface 121, scaly texture 1210, first scale pattern 1211, second scale pattern 1212, side surface 122, first region 1221, second region 1222, protective layer 13, through hole 131, recessed structure 14, side velvet surface 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0027] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to realize the different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed in itself. In addition, the various specific processes and examples of materials provided by the present application, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use scenarios of other materials.

[0028] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The solar cell 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes a front side 111, a back side 112 and a plurality of side surfaces 12, the front side 111 and the back side 112 are opposite to each other, and the side surfaces 12 are located between the front side 111 and the back side 112; the side surfaces 12 include chamfered side surfaces 121, and the chamfered side surfaces 121 form a scaly texture 1210.

[0029] The solar cell 10 of the embodiment of the present application has a scaly texture 1210 formed on the chamfered side surface 121 , so that the chamfered side surface 121 can be made smoother, thereby better resisting scratches or foreign impacts, which is beneficial to reducing the risk of damage to the solar cell 10 .

[0030] Specifically, the solar cell 10 may be a PERC cell, an HJT cell, a TopCon cell, an MWT cell, a BC cell, a stacked cell, etc. The solar cell 10 may be a back contact cell or a double-sided contact cell. The specific form of the solar cell 10 is not limited here.

[0031] Specifically, the solar cell 10 includes a silicon substrate 101 and a film layer disposed on the silicon substrate 101. The front side 111 may include one or all of the surface of the silicon substrate 101 and the surface of the film layer at the corresponding position. The back side 112 may include one or all of the surface of the silicon substrate 101 and the surface of the film layer at the corresponding position. The side surface 12 may include one or all of the surface of the silicon substrate 101 and the surface of the film layer at the corresponding position. This is not limited here.

[0032] Specifically, the front surface 111 may be formed with a velvet structure. The velvet structure is, for example, in a cone shape, a scale shape, or other forms. The cone shape means that the velvet structure is a structure similar to a cone or a pyramid. For example, it is a pyramid shape. The scale shape means that the velvet structure is a structure similar to scales. For example, it is a fish scale shape.

[0033] Specifically, the back surface 112 may also be formed with a suede structure. The explanation and description of the suede structure can be referred to the above text, and will not be repeated here to avoid redundancy.

[0034] Specifically, the number of the side surfaces 12 may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or other numbers. In this embodiment, the number of the side surfaces 12 is 8. The specific number of the side surfaces 12 is not limited here.

[0035] Specifically, the side surface 12 may include the surface of the exposed silicon substrate 101, or may include the surface of a film layer covering the silicon substrate 101. This is not limited here.

[0036] Specifically, the side surface 12 may include an edge side surface 122 and a chamfered side surface 121. The edge side surface 122 is the side surface 12 corresponding to the edge of the solar cell 10 other than the chamfer. The chamfered side surface 121 is the side surface 12 corresponding to the chamfer of the solar cell 10.

[0037] In some embodiments, the chamfered side surface 121 is a straight surface. Thus, a scale-like texture is formed on the straight surface, which is more convenient for manufacturing and is beneficial to improving the manufacturing efficiency of the battery.

[0038] In some embodiments, the chamfered side surface 121 is a curved surface, so that the chamfered side surface 121 has a better ability to resist external impact.

[0039] exist Figure 1 In the example, the solar cell 10 includes 4 chamfers, which correspond to 4 chamfered side surfaces 121. It can be understood that in other examples, the number of chamfers of the solar cell 10 can be 1, 2, 3, 5 or other numbers, and the number of corresponding chamfered side surfaces 121 can be 1, 2, 3, 5 or other numbers. The number of chamfers and the number of chamfered side surfaces 121 in the solar cell 10 are not limited here.

[0040] Similarly, in Figure 1 In the example, the solar cell 10 includes 4 edges other than the chamfers, which correspond to 4 side surfaces 122. It can be understood that in other examples, the number of edges other than the chamfers in the solar cell 10 can be 1, 2, 3, 5 or other numbers, and the corresponding number of side surfaces 122 can be 1, 2, 3, 5 or other numbers. The number of edges other than the chamfers in the solar cell 10 and the number of side surfaces 122 are not limited here.

[0041] Specifically, the scaly texture 1210 refers to a texture similar to a scale. The scaly texture 1210 may include a stacked scale structure or a single scale structure, which is not limited here.

[0042] It can be understood that compared with the cone-shaped structure, the scaly texture 1210 is smoother. When it is scratched or impacted by external objects, the surface is smoother and can disperse the force applied by the outside world, thereby better resisting scratches or impacts from external objects.

[0043] Specifically, the scaly texture 1210 may be formed in the entire area of ​​the chamfered side surface 121, or may be formed in a local area of ​​the chamfered side surface 121. In the case where the scaly texture 1210 is formed in a local area of ​​the chamfered side surface 121, the ratio of the area of ​​the local area to the total area of ​​the chamfered side surface 121 is greater than or equal to 50%. For example, it is 50%, 60%, 80%, or 90%. In this way, the area where the scaly texture 1210 is formed is larger, thereby achieving a better effect of resisting scratches or foreign impacts.

[0044] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the scaly texture 1210 includes a first scale 1211 and a second scale 1212 , and the width of the first scale 1211 is smaller than the width of the second scale 1212 .

[0045] In this way, scales with different widths are formed on the chamfered side surface 121, so that the setting of the scale texture 1210 is more flexible, so that the battery can better resist scratches or foreign impacts.

[0046] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the number of the first scales 1211 is greater than the number of the second scales 1212 .

[0047] In this way, the number of first scales 1211 with smaller widths is larger, so that the first scales 1211 are more densely distributed and can better support each other when scratched or impacted, thereby better protecting the solar cell 10 .

[0048] Specifically, the ratio of the number of the first scales 1211 to the number of the second scales 1212 is 50-200, for example, 50, 52, 60, 80, 100, 150, 180, 200. In this way, the ratio of the number of the first scales 1211 to the second scales 1212 is within a suitable range, so that the effect of protecting the solar cell 10 is better.

[0049] Specifically, the maximum height difference of the chamfered side surface 121 is 0.1 μm-10 μm. For example, it is 0.1 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.8 μm, 1 μm, 3 μm, 5 μm, 8 μm, and 10 μm. In this way, the maximum height difference of the chamfered side surface 121 is within a suitable range, and while ensuring the scale effect, the chamfered side surface 121 is relatively flat, which can avoid the poor anti-scratch and impact effect of the scale due to a small height difference, and can also avoid the chamfered side surface 121 being too steep and easy to break due to a large height difference.

[0050] Further, the maximum height difference of the chamfered side surface 121 refers to the distance between the most concave point recessed into the solar cell 10 and the most convex point protruding out of the solar cell 10 along the direction perpendicular to the chamfered side surface 121. That is, the maximum distance between two points in the chamfered side surface 121 along the direction perpendicular to the chamfered side surface 121.

[0051] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the width w1 of the first scale pattern 1211 is 0.1 μm-3 μm. For example, 3 μm, 2.9 μm, 2.8 μm, 2.5 μm, 2 μm, 1.5 μm, 1 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.1 μm. In this way, the width w1 of the first scale pattern 1211 is within a suitable range, so that the solar cell 10 has a better effect of resisting scratches and impacts.

[0052] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the width of the second scale pattern 1212 is 3 μm-20 μm. For example, 3 μm, 3.2 μm, 5 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 10.1 μm, 11 μm, 15 μm, 18 μm, 20 μm. In this way, the width w2 of the second scale pattern 1212 is within a suitable range, so that the solar cell 10 has a better effect of resisting scratches and impacts.

[0053] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the side surface 12 forms a protective layer 13. In this way, the protective layer 13 can be used to cover the solar cell 10, which can better resist scratches or foreign impacts, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the solar cell 10.

[0054] Specifically, the solar cell 10 includes a silicon substrate 101, and a protective layer 13 is disposed on a side surface 12 of the silicon substrate 101. In this way, the silicon substrate 101 covered by the protective layer 13 can be protected.

[0055] Specifically, the solar cell 10 includes a silicon substrate 101 and a side film layer structure stacked on the side 12 of the silicon substrate 101, and the protective layer 13 is arranged on the side film layer structure. In this way, the side film layer structure and the silicon substrate 101 covered by the protective layer 13 can be protected. Further, the side film layer structure includes a passivation layer. In this way, the recombination at the side 12 can be reduced and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 10 can be improved. Furthermore, the passivation layer includes at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and silicon oxide. It can be understood that the protective layer 13 in some areas can be arranged on the side 12 of the silicon substrate 101, and the protective layer 13 in some areas can be arranged on the side film layer structure, which is not limited here.

[0056] It can be understood that at least one of the side surface 122 and the chamfered side surface 121 is provided with a protective layer 13. Preferably, both the side surface 122 and the chamfered side surface 121 are provided with a protective layer 13. In this way, both the side surface 122 and the chamfered side surface 121 can be protected by the protective layer 13.

[0057] In some embodiments, the protective layer 13 includes at least one of a borosilicate glass layer, a polysilicon layer, and a phosphosilicate glass layer. Thus, the material of the protective layer 13 is relatively stable and has a high hardness, which can better protect the battery and better resist scratches or foreign impacts.

[0058] For example, the protective layer 13 includes a borosilicate glass layer, a polysilicon layer and a phosphosilicate glass layer. For another example, the protective layer 13 includes a borosilicate glass layer. For another example, the protective layer 13 includes a polysilicon layer and a phosphosilicate glass layer. The specific formation of the protective layer 13 is not limited here.

[0059] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the side surface 12 includes a side surface 122, the side surface 122 includes a first area 1221 and a second area 1222, the first area 1221 is located on a side of the side surface 12 close to the front surface 111, the second area 1222 is located on a side of the side surface 12 close to the back surface 112, and the protective layer 13 is located in the second area 1222.

[0060] In this way, the protective layer 13 is located at a position where the side surface 122 is closer to the back surface 112, and while ensuring the protective effect, the protective layer 13 does not need to fully cover the side surface 122, which is conducive to reducing costs. In addition, space can be reserved in the area where the side surface 122 is closer to the front surface 111, so as to avoid the protective layer 13 having a negative impact on the light received by the front surface 111 of the solar cell 10.

[0061] Specifically, the ratio of the width d1 of the first region 1221 to the width d2 of the second region 1222 is in the range of 1-2, for example, 1, 1.1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.8, 2. In this way, the ratio of the widths is within a suitable range, which can avoid the high risk of leakage caused by a too small ratio, and can also avoid the poor protection effect caused by a too large ratio, and the overall effect is better.

[0062] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first area 1221 is formed with a side velvet 15. Specifically, the side velvet 15 includes a protruding cone-shaped structure. In this way, the side velvet 15 can be used for anti-reflection and passivation in the area of ​​the side surface 122 close to the front surface 111, which is beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 10. Furthermore, the cone-shaped refers to that the side velvet 15 includes a structure similar to a cone or a pyramid. For example, it is pyramid-shaped. The size and height of the side velvet 15 can be the same as the velvet structure of the front surface 111, or different from the velvet structure of the front surface 111, which is not limited here.

[0063] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the side surface 12 includes a side surface 122 , the solar cell 10 includes a silicon substrate 101 , the protection layer 13 located on the side surface 122 covers the silicon substrate 101 and forms a through hole 131 , and the silicon substrate 101 forms a recessed structure 14 at the through hole 131 .

[0064] In this way, the risk of the battery being damaged by external forces can be further reduced by using the recessed structure 14. At the same time, the recessed structure 14 can be used to improve the passivation effect of the side surface 122, which is beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0065] In some embodiments, the recessed structure 14 is in the shape of a cone. The cone-shaped shape means that the recessed structure 14 is inwardly recessed to form a space similar to a cone or a pyramid. In this embodiment, the recessed structure 14 is in the shape of an inverted pyramid.

[0066] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 Specifically, the size x1 of the recessed structure 14 is 0.2μm-5μm. For example, it is 0.2μm, 0.3μm, 0.5μm, 0.8μm, 1μm, 3μm, 4μm, and 5μm. In this way, the size of the recessed structure 14 is within a suitable range, which can avoid the poor effect of protecting the battery caused by the size of the recessed structure 14 being too small or too large. It can be understood that the size of the recessed structure 14 is the same as the size of the through hole 131, which refers to the aperture of the through hole 131. In the case where the shape of the through hole 131 is irregular, it may refer to the maximum aperture of the through hole 131.

[0067] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 Specifically, the depth x2 of the recessed structure 14 is 0.1μm-5μm. For example, it is 0.1μm, 0.12μm, 0.3μm, 0.5μm, 0.8μm, 1μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm. In this way, the depth of the recessed structure 14 is within a suitable range, which can avoid the poor effect of protecting the battery caused by the recessed structure 14 being too small or too large. It can be understood that the depth of the recessed structure 14 refers to the distance from the deepest point of the recessed structure 14 to the side of the protective layer 13 close to the recessed structure 14 in the thickness direction of the protective layer 13.

[0068] The battery assembly of the embodiment of the present application includes any one of the solar cells 10 described above.

[0069] In the battery assembly of the embodiment of the present application, since the solar cell 10 forms a scaly texture 1210 on the chamfered side surface 121 , the chamfered side surface 121 can be made smoother, thereby being better able to resist scratches or foreign impacts, which is beneficial to reducing the risk of damage to the solar cell 10 .

[0070] In this embodiment, a plurality of solar cells 10 in the battery assembly can be connected in series in sequence to form a battery string, thereby realizing the series bus output of the current. For example, the series connection of the battery cells can be realized by setting welding strips (bus bars, interconnecting strips), conductive backplanes, etc.

[0071] It is understandable that in such an embodiment, the battery assembly may further include a metal frame, a back plate, a photovoltaic glass and an adhesive film. The adhesive film may be filled between the front 111 and the back 112 of the solar cell 10 and the photovoltaic glass, adjacent cells, etc. As a filler, it may be a transparent colloid with good light transmittance and aging resistance. For example, the adhesive film may be an EVA adhesive film or a POE adhesive film. The specific selection may be based on actual conditions and is not limited here.

[0072] Photovoltaic glass can cover the adhesive film on the front side 111 of the solar cell 10. The photovoltaic glass can be ultra-white glass, which has high light transmittance, high transparency, and excellent physical, mechanical and optical properties. For example, the light transmittance of ultra-white glass can reach more than 92%, which can protect the solar cell 10 without affecting the efficiency of the solar cell 10 as much as possible. At the same time, the adhesive film can bond the photovoltaic glass and the solar cell 10 together, and the presence of the adhesive film can seal and insulate the solar cell 10 and make it waterproof and moisture-proof.

[0073] The backplane can be attached to the adhesive film on the back 112 of the solar cell 10. The backplane can protect and support the solar cell 10 and has reliable insulation, water resistance and aging resistance. There are multiple options for the backplane, which can usually be tempered glass, organic glass, aluminum alloy TPT composite adhesive film, etc. It can be set according to specific circumstances and is not limited here. The whole composed of the backplane, solar cell 10, adhesive film and photovoltaic glass can be set on a metal frame. The metal frame serves as the main external support structure of the entire battery assembly and can stably support and install the battery assembly. For example, the battery assembly can be installed at the required location through the metal frame.

[0074] The photovoltaic system of the embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned battery assembly.

[0075] In the photovoltaic system of the embodiment of the present application, since the solar cell 10 in the battery assembly forms a scaly texture 1210 on the chamfered side 121, the chamfered side 121 can be made smoother, thereby better resisting scratches or impacts from foreign objects, which is beneficial to reducing the risk of damage to the solar cell 10.

[0076] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic system can be applied to photovoltaic power stations, such as ground power stations, rooftop power stations, water power stations, etc., and can also be applied to equipment or devices that use solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar street lights, solar cars, solar buildings, etc. Of course, it can be understood that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system are not limited to this, that is to say, the photovoltaic system can be applied in all fields that require solar energy to generate electricity. Taking the photovoltaic power generation system network as an example, the photovoltaic system may include a photovoltaic array, a junction box and an inverter. The photovoltaic array may be an array combination of multiple battery components. For example, multiple battery components can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic array is connected to the junction box. The junction box can converge the current generated by the photovoltaic array. The converged current flows through the inverter and is converted into the alternating current required by the mains power grid, and then connected to the mains network to realize solar power supply.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0078] In addition, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: It comprises a front side, a back side and several side sides, wherein the front side is opposite to the back side, and the side sides are located between the front side and the back side; the side sides comprise chamfered side sides, and the chamfered side sides are formed with scaly textures.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The chamfered side surface is a straight surface; or, the chamfered side surface is a curved surface.

3. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The scale-like texture includes a first scale and a second scale, and the width of the first scale is smaller than the width of the second scale.

4. The solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the first scales is greater than the number of the second scales.

5. The solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the first scales is 0.1 μm-3 μm.

6. The solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the second scale pattern is 3 μm-20 μm.

7. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The maximum height difference of the chamfered side surface is 0.1 μm-10 μm.

8. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that A protective layer is formed on the side surface, and the protective layer includes at least one of a borosilicate glass layer, a polysilicon layer, and a phosphosilicate glass layer.

9. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that The side surface includes an edge side surface, and the edge side surface includes a first area and a second area. The first area is located on a side of the side surface close to the front surface, and the second area is located on a side of the side surface close to the back surface. The protective layer is located in the second area.

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ratio of the width of the first region to the width of the second region is in the range of 1-2.

11. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that The solar cell includes a silicon substrate. The protection layer covers the silicon substrate and is formed with a through hole. The silicon substrate forms a concave structure at the through hole.

12. The solar cell according to claim 11, characterized in that: The size of the concave structure is 0.2 μm-5 μm.

13. The solar cell according to claim 11, characterized in that The depth of the recessed structure is 0.1 μm-5 μm.

14. A battery assembly, characterized in that: A solar cell comprising the solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: A battery assembly comprising the battery assembly of claim 14.

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