Fluidized bed regenerator with mixer, oil mixer, regeneration system and its application
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311505790.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-11-10
AI Technical Summary
部分蜡油催化裂化、多产气体的高苛刻度催化裂化、所有的PDH装置由于反应需要大量热量但反应生焦率低,单靠附着在结焦催化剂上的焦炭燃烧放热不能满足反应所需热量要求,反应系统存在严重热量不足,必须靠其它手段提供热量,比如向再生系统补充燃料油
[0017]本发明实施例中提供的上述技术方案的有益效果至少包括:
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Figure CN119971928B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluidized bed catalytic conversion technology in the petrochemical industry, and particularly to a fluidized bed regenerator with a mixer, an oil-based mixer, a regeneration system, and its applications. Background Technology
[0002] In the petrochemical industry, fluidized bed catalytic conversion (FCC) is widely used in units such as fluidized bed catalytic cracking (FCC), methanol-to-olefins (MTO / DMTO), methanol-to-aromatics (MTA), and propane dehydrogenation (PDH). The regenerator is one of the core pieces of equipment, its main function being to burn off the coke adhering to the coking catalyst to restore its activity, while also providing heat to the reactor. In some wax oil catalytic cracking, high-pressure catalytic cracking with high gas production, and all PDH units, the reaction requires a large amount of heat, but the coking rate is low. The heat released from the combustion of coke adhering to the coking catalyst alone cannot meet the heat requirements of the reaction, resulting in a severe heat shortage in the reaction system. Therefore, other means must be used to provide heat, such as supplementing the regeneration system with fuel oil.
[0003] Conventional catalytic cracking startups typically employ a multi-point fuel oil injection system directly into the regenerator wall. This system causes localized catalyst temperatures within the regenerator to exceed 1000°C, leading to catalyst sintering, breakage, and increased catalyst loss. Continuous fuel oil replenishment during normal production increases catalyst consumption and is economically inefficient. Even slightly excessive fuel oil supplementation in the regenerator can easily cause tail-burning, damaging critical internal components such as the swirl separator, thus affecting the long-term, safe operation of the unit. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To avoid excessively high local temperatures of the catalyst within the regenerator, thereby preventing catalyst sintering and breakage and resulting in excessive catalyst loss, this invention provides a fluidized bed regenerator with a mixer, an oil mixer, a regeneration system, and its application.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a fluidized bed regenerator with a mixer, which may include: an oil mixer and a fluidized bed regenerator; wherein, the oil mixer includes: a mixer body and a connector disposed on the top of the mixer body, the connector communicating with the bottom of the fluidized bed regenerator to lift a mixture of the catalyst to be generated and fuel oil mixed in the mixer body into the chamber of the fluidized bed regenerator; At least one atomizing nozzle is provided on the side wall of the mixer body. One end of the atomizing nozzle is located in the receiving cavity of the mixer body, and the other end extends out of the receiving cavity for external connection to the fuel oil supply pipeline. The side wall of the mixer body is provided with at least one material port for supplying the catalyst to be generated into the receiving cavity, and the material port is located below the atomizing nozzle. The bottom of the mixer body is provided with an air nozzle, which is used to connect to an external air supply device to lift the mixture into the chamber of the fluidized bed regenerator through the supply device and the air nozzle.
[0006] Optionally, the receiving cavity is provided with a distribution plate or distribution pipe with through holes, and the distribution plate or distribution pipe is located below the material inlet.
[0007] Optionally, the fluidized bed regenerator includes: a regenerator body, a distributor, and a gas-solid separation device; The regenerator body includes a chamber, the distributor is located in the lower part of the chamber, and the gas-solid separation device is located in the upper part of the chamber; The bottom of the regenerator body is provided with a feed inlet communicating with the connector and an air inlet for air intake. The top of the regenerator body is provided with an exhaust port communicating with the air outlet of the gas-solid separation device. The feed inlet is connected to the bottom of the distributor.
[0008] Optionally, the fluidized bed regenerator with mixer may further include: a dilute phase tube, the outer diameter of the bottom of the dilute phase tube matching the inner diameter of the chamber, the dilute phase tube being located within the chamber dividing the chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the distributor being located in the lower chamber, and the gas-solid separation device being located in the upper chamber; A gas-solid separation device is installed at the top of the dilute phase tube.
[0009] Optionally, the fluidized bed regenerator with mixer may further include: a partition that divides the chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber; the distributor is located in the lower chamber, and the gas-solid separation device is located in the upper chamber.
[0010] Optionally, the fluidized bed regenerator further includes: an external circulation pipeline; the external circulation pipeline is located outside the regenerator body and is connected to the bottom of the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively.
[0011] Optionally, the distributor includes: a main distributor pipe and a plurality of branch pipes communicating with the main distributor pipe; the bottom of the main distributor pipe is communicating with the feed inlet.
[0012] Optionally, a material trough is provided on the branch pipe of the distributor.
[0013] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an oil mixer, which may include: a mixer body and a connector disposed on the top of the mixer body, the connector being used to communicate with the bottom of a fluidized bed regenerator to lift a mixture of a catalyst to be generated and fuel oil mixed in the mixer body into the fluidized bed regenerator; At least one atomizing nozzle is provided on the side wall of the mixer body. One end of the atomizing nozzle is located in the receiving cavity of the mixer body, and the other end extends out of the receiving cavity for external connection to the fuel oil supply pipeline. The side wall of the mixer body is provided with at least one material port for supplying the catalyst to be generated into the receiving cavity, and the material port is located below the atomizing nozzle. The bottom of the mixer body is provided with an air nozzle, which is used to connect to an external air supply device to lift the mixture into the fluidized bed regenerator through the supply device and the air nozzle.
[0014] Optionally, the receiving cavity is provided with a distribution plate or distribution pipe with through holes, and the distribution plate or distribution pipe is located below the material inlet.
[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a fluidized bed regeneration system, which may include: a fuel oil supply device, a material supply device, a gas supply device, and a fluidized bed regenerator with a mixer as described in the first aspect; The fuel oil supply device is connected to the atomizing nozzle via a fuel oil supply pipeline; the material supply device is connected to the material inlet; and the air supply device is connected to the air nozzle.
[0016] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an application of the fluidized bed regenerator with a mixer as described in the first aspect in a fluidized bed regeneration system; wherein the mass ratio of the catalyst to be regenerated to the fuel oil is 3000:1 to 50:1.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: This invention provides a fluidized bed regenerator with a mixer, an oil-fuel mixer, a regeneration system, and its application. Due to pre-mixing, the fuel oil can be uniformly distributed on the catalyst, preventing localized high temperatures during combustion and thus avoiding catalyst sintering and damage, reducing catalyst loss. Furthermore, by mixing in the oil-fuel mixer, efficient vaporization of the fuel oil for afterburning and uniform coking of the catalyst can be achieved, maximizing afterburning efficiency, reducing catalyst damage during combustion, and improving operational reliability, stability, and safety. Moreover, the oil-fuel mixer can be quickly installed on a fluidized bed regenerator via a connector, enabling improvements to different types of fluidized bed regenerators.
[0018] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.
[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the oil mixer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the structural diagrams of a fluidized bed regenerator with an oil mixer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the second structural diagram of the fluidized bed regenerator with oil mixer provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the third structural diagram of the fluidized bed regenerator with oil mixer provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the distributor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fluidized bed regeneration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Among them, 1-fluidized bed regenerator with oil mixer; 2-material supply device; 3-fuel oil supply device; 4-gas supply device; 11-Oil mixer; 12-Fluidized bed regenerator; 111-Mixer body; 112-Connector; 113-Atomizing nozzle; 114-Receiving cavity; 115-Material inlet; 116-Air nozzle; 117-Distribution plate or distribution pipe; 121-Regenerator body; 122-Distributor; 123-Gas-solid separation device; 124-Cavity; 125-Dilute phase tube; 126-Baffle; 127-External circulation pipeline; 128-Material outlet; 129-Fluorescent medium inlet; 1211 - Feed inlet; 1212 - Air inlet; 1213 - Exhaust outlet; 1221 - Main distributor pipe; 1222 - Branch distributor pipe; 1241 - Upper chamber; 1242 - Lower chamber. Detailed Implementation
[0021] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "far," "near," "front," and "rear," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0024] This invention provides an oil mixer, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, the oil mixer 11 may include: a mixer body 111 and a connector 112 disposed on the top of the mixer body 111, the connector 112 being used to connect with the fluidized bed regenerator 12 (see reference). Figures 2-4 The bottom of the mixer body 111 is connected to lift the mixture of the catalyst and fuel oil mixed in the mixer body 111 to the fluidized bed regenerator 12; at least one atomizing nozzle 113 is provided on the side wall of the mixer body 111, one end of the atomizing nozzle 113 is located in the receiving cavity 114 of the mixer body 111, and the other end extends out of the receiving cavity 114 for connecting to the external fuel oil supply device 3 (see reference). Figure 6 (As shown); at least one material port 115 is provided on the side wall of the mixer body 111 for supplying the catalyst to be generated into the receiving cavity 114, and the material port 115 is located below the atomizing nozzle 113; an air nozzle 116 is provided at the bottom of the mixer body 111, and the air nozzle 116 is used to connect an external air supply device 4 (see reference). Figure 6 As shown), the mixture is lifted into the fluidized bed regenerator 12 via the air supply device 4 and the air nozzle 116.
[0025] The oil-fuel mixer provided in this embodiment of the invention provides a mixing site for the precursor catalyst and fuel oil. The fuel oil is pre-mixed in the oil-fuel mixer before being pumped to the fluidized bed regenerator. Thorough mixing provides reliable fuel oil afterburning for fluidized bed catalytic conversion with insufficient heat. By mixing in the oil-fuel mixer, efficient vaporization of the afterburning fuel oil and uniform coking of the precursor catalyst can be achieved, maximizing afterburning efficiency, reducing catalyst damage during combustion, and improving operational reliability, stability, and safety. Furthermore, the oil-fuel mixer can be quickly installed on the fluidized bed regenerator via a connector, enabling improvements to different types of fluidized bed regenerators.
[0026] In an optional embodiment, reference is also made to Figure 1 As shown, a distribution plate 117 or distribution pipe 117 with through holes is provided in the receiving cavity 114, and the distribution plate 117 or distribution pipe 117 is located below the material inlet 115. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned distribution plate or distribution pipe can serve as a carrier for temporary storage of the catalyst to be generated. The catalyst to be generated and fuel oil can be mixed on the distribution plate or distribution pipe, and after mixing, it is lifted to the fluidized bed regenerator through the lower gas nozzle.
[0027] This invention provides a fluidized bed regenerator with a mixer, as shown in the following embodiment. Figures 2-4 As shown, the fluidized bed regenerator 1 with an oil mixer may include: an oil mixer 11 and a fluidized bed regenerator 12; wherein, the oil mixer 11 includes: a mixer body 111 and a connector 112 disposed on the top of the mixer body 111, the connector 112 communicating with the bottom of the fluidized bed regenerator 12 to lift the mixture of the catalyst and fuel oil mixed in the mixer body 111 into the chamber 124 of the fluidized bed regenerator 12; at least one atomizing nozzle 113 is disposed on the side wall of the mixer body 111. One end of the nozzle 13 is located in the receiving cavity 114 of the mixer body 111, and the other end extends out of the receiving cavity 114 for external connection of fuel oil supply device 3; at least one material port 115 is provided on the side wall of the mixer body 111 for supplying the catalyst to be generated into the receiving cavity 114, and the material port 115 is located below the atomizing nozzle 113; a gas nozzle 116 is provided at the bottom of the mixer body 111, and the gas nozzle 116 is used for external connection of gas supply device 4, so as to lift the mixture into the chamber 124 of the fluidized bed regenerator 12 through the supply device 4 and the gas nozzle 116.
[0028] The working principle of the fluidized bed regenerator with mixer in the present invention embodiment is as follows: the catalyst to be generated and the fuel oil are fully and uniformly mixed in the oil-agent mixer, and then the mixture is lifted into the fluidized bed regenerator through the gas nozzle. The fuel oil and the coke on the catalyst to be generated are burned and converted into flue gas. After gas-solid separation, the regenerated catalyst is obtained.
[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, because the fuel oil is pre-mixed, it can be evenly distributed on the catalyst to be generated, avoiding the generation of local high temperatures during combustion, thereby preventing the catalyst from being sintered and destroyed, and reducing catalyst loss.
[0030] In another optional embodiment, a distribution plate 117 or distribution pipe 117 with through holes is provided in the receiving cavity 114, and the distribution plate 117 or distribution pipe 117 is located below the material inlet 115. In this embodiment, the distribution plate or distribution plate can serve as a carrier for temporary storage of the catalyst to be generated, for air distribution, and the catalyst to be generated and fuel oil can be mixed on the distribution plate. After mixing, the mixture is lifted to the fluidized bed regenerator through the lower air nozzle.
[0031] In another alternative embodiment, refer to Figures 2-4 As shown, the fluidized bed regenerator may include: a regenerator body 121, a distributor 122, and a gas-solid separation device 123; the regenerator body 121 includes a chamber 124, the distributor 122 is located in the lower part of the chamber 124, and the gas-solid separation device 123 is located in the upper part of the chamber 124; the bottom of the regenerator body 121 is provided with a feed inlet 1211 communicating with a connector 112 and an air inlet 1212 for air intake, the top of the regenerator body 121 is provided with an exhaust port 1213 communicating with the air outlet of the gas-solid separation device 123, and the feed inlet 1211 is connected to the bottom of the distributor 122.
[0032] In this embodiment, the catalyst to be recycled is uniformly distributed on the distributor. During the combustion of fuel oil, gas is generated, carrying the regenerated catalyst to form flue gas. The flue gas passes through a gas-solid separation device to separate the gas (mostly carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide) from the catalyst. The gas is discharged from the fluidized bed regenerator through the exhaust port. The catalyst can be enriched and recycled into other equipment (e.g., discharged through material outlet 128). It should be noted that the fuel oil can be a hydrocarbon substance, and the enriched catalyst can be further fluidized through a fluidizing medium (e.g., air), referring to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the catalyst enters the upper chamber 1241 from the fluidized medium inlet 129, so that the catalyst is in a fluidized state.
[0033] In the embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 The fluidized bed regenerator in this embodiment is a single-stage regenerator. In another optional embodiment, refer to... Figure 3As shown, the fluidized bed regenerator 1 with a mixer may further include: a dilute phase tube 125, the outer diameter of the bottom of the dilute phase tube 125 matching the inner diameter of the chamber 124, the dilute phase tube 125 being located inside the chamber 124 dividing the chamber 124 into an upper chamber 1241 and a lower chamber 1242, a distributor 122 being located in the lower chamber 1242, and a gas-solid separation device 123 being located in the upper chamber 1241; the upper part of the dilute phase tube 125 is provided with a gas-solid separation device 123, that is, it is connected to the inlet of the gas-solid separation device 123.
[0034] In another alternative embodiment, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the fluidized bed regenerator 1 with a mixer may further include: a partition 126, which divides the chamber 124 into an upper chamber 1241 and a lower chamber 1242; a distributor 122 is located in the lower chamber 1242, and a gas-solid separation device 123 is located in the upper chamber 1241.
[0035] Figure 3 The chamber is divided into two sections using a dilute phase tube. Figure 4 The chamber is divided into two sections using a partition: an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The lower chamber primarily serves as the combustion space, while the upper chamber is used for gas-solid separation and catalyst enrichment.
[0036] In another optional embodiment, the fluidized bed regenerator 12 may further include an external circulation pipeline 127; the external circulation pipeline 127 is located outside the regenerator body 121 and connects to the bottom of the upper chamber 1241 and the lower chamber 1242, respectively. In this embodiment, the external circulation pipeline further burns the coke on the surface of the unburned catalyst to obtain a regenerated catalyst.
[0037] In another alternative embodiment, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the distributor 122 may include: a distributor main pipe 1221 and a plurality of distributor branch pipes 1222 communicating with the distributor main pipe 1221; see reference Figures 2-4 As shown, the bottom of the distributor main pipe 1221 is connected to the feed inlet 1211.
[0038] In this embodiment, the model, style, size and quantity of the above-mentioned distributor branch pipes are not specifically limited. Grooves can also be opened around the periphery of the above-mentioned distributor main pipe, and the specifications and quantity of the grooves are not specifically limited.
[0039] In another optional embodiment, a material trough is provided on the distributor branch pipe. This material trough allows the mixture to be evenly distributed on the distributor, ensuring uniform combustion and preventing localized high temperatures from sintering and damaging the catalyst.
[0040] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a fluidized bed regeneration system, referring to... Figure 6As shown, the system may include: a fuel oil supply device 3, a material supply device 2, an air supply device 4, and the fluidized bed regenerator 1 with a mixer; wherein, the fuel oil supply device 3 is connected to the atomizing nozzle 113 through a fuel oil supply pipeline; the material supply device 2 is connected to the material port 115; and the air supply device 4 is connected to the air nozzle 116.
[0041] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned fluidized bed regenerator with mixer in a fluidized bed regeneration system; wherein the mass ratio of the catalyst to be regenerated to the fuel oil is 3000:1 to 50:1.
[0042] In this embodiment, the amount of fuel oil depends on the temperature at which the catalyst to be regenerated needs to be heated. The mass ratio of the catalyst to fuel oil is set to 3000:1 to 50:1, which can meet the heating temperature requirements and allow a large amount of the catalyst to undergo regeneration reaction, thereby improving the regeneration efficiency.
[0043] The above-described application in this invention provides a fluidized bed regenerator afterburning process method. Using this method, lower-cost fuel oil can be used to provide heat to the system, while avoiding localized overheating of the fluidized bed, preventing catalyst overheating and breakage, and reducing catalyst consumption. For detailed descriptions and beneficial effects of the fluidized bed regeneration system and application in this invention, please refer to the relevant descriptions of the fluidized bed regenerator with mixer described above; these will not be repeated here.
[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. This disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the invention fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A method for afterburning in a fluidized bed regenerator, comprising a fluidized bed regenerator with a mixer, characterized in that, The fluidized bed regenerator with mixer includes: an oil mixer and a fluidized bed regenerator; wherein, the oil mixer is used to provide a mixing site for the catalyst to be generated and fuel oil, and includes: a mixer body and a connector disposed on the top of the mixer body, the connector communicating with the bottom of the fluidized bed regenerator to lift the mixture of the catalyst to be generated and fuel oil mixed in the mixer body into the chamber of the fluidized bed regenerator and perform combustion regeneration in the chamber of the fluidized bed regenerator; At least one atomizing nozzle is provided on the side wall of the mixer body. One end of the atomizing nozzle is located in the receiving cavity of the mixer body, and the other end extends out of the receiving cavity for external connection to the fuel oil supply pipeline. The side wall of the mixer body is provided with at least one material port for supplying the catalyst to be generated into the receiving cavity, and the material port is located below the atomizing nozzle. The bottom of the mixer body is provided with an air nozzle, which is used to connect to an external air supply device to lift the mixture into the chamber of the fluidized bed regenerator through the air supply device and the air nozzle. The fluidized bed regenerator includes: a regenerator body, a distributor, and a gas-solid separation device; The regenerator body includes a chamber, the distributor is located in the lower part of the chamber, and the gas-solid separation device is located in the upper part of the chamber; The bottom of the regenerator body is provided with a feed inlet communicating with the connector and an air inlet for air intake, and the top of the regenerator body is provided with an exhaust port communicating with the air outlet of the gas-solid separation device. The feed inlet is connected to the bottom of the distributor. The fluidized bed regenerator further includes: a dilute phase tube or a partition; the bottom outer diameter of the dilute phase tube matches the inner diameter of the chamber, the dilute phase tube is located in the chamber and divides the chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the distributor is located in the lower chamber, and the gas-solid separation device is located in the upper chamber; a gas-solid separation device is provided at the upper part of the dilute phase tube; The partition divides the chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber; the distributor is located in the lower chamber, and the gas-solid separation device is located in the upper chamber; The method is as follows: the catalyst to be recycled and fuel oil are thoroughly and uniformly mixed in an oil-fuel mixer, and then the mixture is lifted to a fluidized bed regenerator through a gas nozzle. The fuel oil and the coke on the catalyst to be recycled are burned and converted into flue gas. After gas-solid separation, the regenerated catalyst is obtained.
2. The fluidized bed regenerator afterburning process method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluidized bed regenerator further includes an external circulation pipeline; the external circulation pipeline is located outside the regenerator body and is connected to the bottom of the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively.
3. The fluidized bed regenerator afterburning process method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributor includes: a main distributor pipe and several branch distributor pipes connected to the main distributor pipe; the bottom of the main distributor pipe is connected to the feed inlet.
4. The fluidized bed regenerator afterburning process method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distributor branch pipe is provided with a material trough.
5. The fluidized bed regenerator afterburning process method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the catalyst to the fuel oil is 3000:1 to 50:1.
Citation Information
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