Wide-temperature-range high-performance composite water storage material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wide-temperature-range high-performance composite water storage material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of water storage material preparation. The method comprises the following steps: pre-absorbing water by the water-absorbent resin particles, freezing, preparing the water storage foam in the aluminum honeycomb, freeze-drying, preparing the hydrogel in situ in the water storage foam, and performing supercritical drying. The aluminum honeycomb is uniformly filled with foam by controlling the expansion volume of the water-absorbent resin, enhancing the particle strength and foaming at low temperature; freeze drying and hydrogel in-situ compounding are adopted, and the network structure of the material is kept; and the water storage capacity and the reuse performance are improved through supercritical drying. The material has high water storage capacity, stability and wide temperature range adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention particularly provides a high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of water storage material preparation. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of high-performance equipment, the surface and internal temperatures rise sharply. Active cooling and heat dissipation technology is of vital importance to improving the performance and reliability of the equipment and ensuring safety. At present, active cooling usually adopts water cooling technology of aluminum honeycomb composite water storage foam, that is, using aluminum honeycomb as a lightweight load-bearing structure and foam as a water absorption carrier, directly absorbing water or compounding water-absorbing resin in the foam to absorb a large amount of water, and achieve the purpose of heat dissipation through water evaporation. However, under the existing technology, due to the boiling point of water, it is difficult for water storage foam to achieve temperature control in a wider temperature range. In addition, under the existing technology, the foam pore size does not match the size of the water-absorbing resin. If the foam pore size is too small, the foam pores will rupture or the water-absorbing resin will rupture when the water is fully absorbed. If the foam pore size is too large, the water-absorbing resin will fall out of the foam after repeated use, resulting in uneven distribution. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that water storage foam is difficult to achieve temperature control in a wider temperature range under the prior art, and the problem that the water-absorbing resin escapes from the foam after repeated use, resulting in uneven distribution.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for preparing a high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range comprises the following steps:

[0006] 1) Pre-absorption of water by water-absorbing resin particles: weighing water-absorbing resin particles, and weighing water according to the theoretical saturated water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing resin particles, mixing the water-absorbing resin particles with water and allowing the water to be completely absorbed; then freezing the saturated water-absorbing resin particles to obtain water-absorbing resin particles in a frozen state;

[0007] 2) Preparation of water storage foam in aluminum honeycomb: water-absorbing resin particles in a frozen state are uniformly mixed with foaming material A, foaming material B, and phase change microcapsules C to obtain a mixture D, and then the mixture D is poured into the aluminum honeycomb grid for foaming to obtain a composite of water storage foam and aluminum honeycomb;

[0008] 3) Freeze drying: freezing the composite of the water storage foam and the aluminum honeycomb, and then freeze drying it using a vacuum pump to obtain a composite M;

[0009] 4) In-situ preparation of hydrogel in water storage foam: mixing polymerizable monomer E with polymerization photoinitiator to obtain hydrogel prepolymer solution F; immersing complex M in hydrogel prepolymer solution F, and using ultraviolet crosslinking device to perform ultraviolet light curing to make hydrogel prepolymer solution F undergo free radical polymerization reaction to obtain complex N;

[0010] 5) Supercritical drying: The composite N is subjected to solvent replacement and supercritical drying to obtain a high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1), the water-absorbing resin particles are selected from polymer water-absorbing resin (SAP).

[0012] Furthermore, the freezing treatment temperature in step 1) is below 0°C.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 2), the foaming material A is a composite polyether, and the foaming material B is an isocyanate.

[0014] Furthermore, step 2) is carried out at an ambient temperature of 0 to 10°C.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 3), the freezing condition is a cold trap at -60°C for 3 to 12 hours.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 4), the polymerizable monomer E is selected from acrylamide or acrylic acid.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 4), the polymerization photoinitiator is 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone (DEAP).

[0018] A high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0019] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The present invention enables the water-absorbing resin particles to reach the theoretical maximum expansion volume through pre-absorption of water, thus providing good preparation for subsequent operations and ensuring that the saturated water-absorbing resin particles are completely contained in the water storage foam grid.

[0021] 2. The present invention enhances the strength of the water-absorbing resin particles through freezing treatment, thereby preventing them from being damaged due to low strength during mixing and stirring.

[0022] 3. The present invention operates at an ambient temperature of 0 to 10° C., which can reduce the reaction rate of the foaming material A and the foaming material B, expand the operation window, and avoid the mixed material D starting to foam before being completely injected into the honeycomb grid, thereby ensuring that the water storage foam completely fills the aluminum honeycomb grid.

[0023] 4. The present invention maintains the volume of the water-absorbing resin particles unchanged through freeze drying, while achieving complete filling in the foam pores, retaining the internal network structure, ensuring rapid absorption and release of water, avoiding collapse of the water-absorbing resin structure, and improving the reusability.

[0024] 5. The present invention realizes complete compounding of the hydrogel in the water storage foam pores through in-situ preparation of the hydrogel, thereby maximizing the water storage capacity.

[0025] 6. The present invention ensures that the hydrogel is completely filled in the foam pores through supercritical drying, retains the network structure of the hydrogel, ensures rapid absorption and release of water, avoids collapse of the hydrogel structure, and improves the reusability of the material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the various technical features and advantages or technical effects in the above technical solutions of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, they are described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0027] This embodiment specifically discloses a method for preparing a high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range, comprising the following steps:

[0028] 1) Pre-absorption of water by water-absorbing resin particles: Weigh water-absorbing resin particles SAP, and weigh water according to the theoretical saturated water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing resin particles, mix the water-absorbing resin particles with water and allow the water to be completely absorbed; then freeze the saturated water-absorbing resin particles at 0° C. to obtain water-absorbing resin particles in a frozen state.

[0029] 2) Preparation of water storage foam in aluminum honeycomb: At an ambient temperature of 0-10°C, water-absorbing resin particles in a frozen state are uniformly mixed with foaming material A combination polyether, foaming material B isocyanate, and phase change microcapsules C (the mixing ratio is a conventional ratio, determined according to needs) to obtain a mixture D, and then the mixture D is poured into the aluminum honeycomb grid for foaming to obtain a composite of water storage foam and aluminum honeycomb.

[0030] 3) Freeze drying: The composite of the water storage foam and the aluminum honeycomb is placed in a cold trap at -60°C for 3 to 12 hours, and then freeze dried using a vacuum pump to obtain a composite M.

[0031] 4) In-situ preparation of hydrogel in water storage foam: mixing polymerizable monomer E acrylamide with polymerization photoinitiator DEAP to obtain hydrogel prepolymer F; immersing complex M in hydrogel prepolymer F, using ultraviolet crosslinking device for ultraviolet light curing, causing free radical polymerization reaction of hydrogel prepolymer F to obtain complex N.

[0032] 5) Supercritical drying: The composite N is subjected to solvent replacement and supercritical drying to obtain a high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range.

[0033] After testing, the comprehensive density of the prepared wide temperature range composite water storage material is 0.105g / cm 3 , and can be used normally at 250°C. After 9 water absorption / heating cycles at 150°C, the maximum water absorption capacity decreased by 9.2%, and no water-absorbing resin particles were damaged or fell off.

[0034] Comparative Example

[0035] The difference between this comparative example and the embodiment is that the comparative example is not freeze-dried, and the hydrogel is prepared in situ in the water storage foam and supercritically dried.

[0036] After testing, the comprehensive density of conventionally prepared composite water storage materials is 0.965g / cm 3 , it can be used normally at 150°C, but it has structural collapse and loses performance at 250°C. After 9 water absorption / heating cycles at 150°C, the maximum water absorption capacity decreased by 28.6%, and some water-absorbing resin particles were damaged and fell off.

[0037] The water storage materials prepared in Example 1 and the comparative example were divided into three groups for water content tests at different temperatures and repeated use. The test results are shown in Tables 1 to 3 below, where the water storage materials No. 1#, 3#, and 5# are water storage materials prepared in Example 1, and the water storage materials No. 2#, 4#, and 6# are water storage materials prepared in the comparative example. Because the initial water contents of the water storage materials prepared by different methods are not completely equal, the data in the table are normalized and are percentages compared to the initial values.

[0038] It can be seen from the test results that the water storage performance of the water storage material prepared by the present invention at different temperatures and the water storage performance after repeated use are significantly better than those of the water storage material prepared by the existing preparation method.

[0039] Table 1 Water content of water storage materials under 150℃ heating environment

[0040]

[0041] Table 2 Water content of water storage materials under 250℃ heating environment

[0042]

[0043] Table 3 Maximum water content of reusable water storage materials

[0044]

[0045] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above by way of embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Appropriate modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention made by ordinary technicians in the field should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on what is defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) weighing water-absorbing resin particles, and weighing water according to the theoretical saturated water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing resin particles, mixing the water-absorbing resin particles with the water and allowing the water to be completely absorbed; then freezing the saturated water-absorbing resin particles to obtain water-absorbing resin particles in a frozen state; 2) uniformly mixing the frozen water-absorbing resin particles with the foaming material A, the foaming material B, and the phase change microcapsule C to obtain a mixture D, and then pouring the mixture D into the aluminum honeycomb grid for foaming to obtain a composite of water storage foam and the aluminum honeycomb; 3) freezing the composite of the water storage foam and the aluminum honeycomb, and then freeze-drying it using a vacuum pump to obtain a composite M; 4) mixing the polymerizable monomer E with a polymerization photoinitiator to obtain a hydrogel prepolymer solution F; immersing the complex M in the hydrogel prepolymer solution F, and using a UV crosslinker to perform UV curing to cause a free radical polymerization reaction of the hydrogel prepolymer solution F to obtain a complex N; 5) The complex N is subjected to solvent replacement and supercritical drying to obtain a high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the water-absorbing resin particles are selected from polymer water-absorbing resins.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The freezing treatment temperature in step 1) is below 0°C.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the foaming material A is a composite polyether, and the foaming material B is an isocyanate.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2) is carried out at an ambient temperature of 0 to 10°C.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The freezing condition in step 3) is a cold trap at -60°C for 3 to 12 hours.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), the polymerizable monomer E is selected from acrylamide or acrylic acid.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), the polymerization photoinitiator is 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone.

9. A high-performance composite water storage material with a wide temperature range, characterized in that: Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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