Wegener wires and methods of making and using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a Weg wire and a preparation method and application thereof, and the Weg wire comprises at least one first magnetic material layer and at least one second magnetic material layer, the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are alternately arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the Weg wire, and the coercive force of the first magnetic material layer is greater than that of the second magnetic material layer. The Weg wire of the application comprises the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer which are alternately arranged, and the coercive force between the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer has a clear boundary, so that the electric pulse intensity generated by the Weg wire is significantly improved. In addition, the alternately arranged structure of the Weg wire of the application can adopt a preparation method of lamination + adhesion, and the preparation method can improve the production efficiency of the Weg wire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Wiegand technology, specifically relating to a Wiegand wire, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Wiegand sensors have extremely wide applications. Since their invention in the 1970s, they have been widely used in access control and security systems, water meters, gas meters, oil meters, multi-turn encoders, and other fields. Due to the time-independent nature of the Wiegand effect, Wiegand sensors can be used as counting sensors, micro-energy harvesting elements, or a combination of both to form a self-powered sensor. The most critical component of a Wiegand sensor is the Wiegand wire.

[0003] However, existing Wiegand wires generally have a cylindrical cross-section, with a hard magnetic shell on the outside and a soft magnetic core on the inside. The coercivity of existing Wiegand wires changes gradually from the outside to the inside, and there is no clear boundary between the coercivity of the outer hard magnetic shell and the coercivity of the inner soft magnetic core, resulting in weaker electrical pulses generated by existing Wiegand wires.

[0004] Furthermore, the current manufacturing process for Wiegand wire is complex. In the process, the Vilo alloy wire requires multiple cycles of heat treatment and / or stress application to finally obtain the desired Wiegand wire. This complex manufacturing process results in extremely low production efficiency for Wiegand wire; errors in parameters at any stage can lead to a batch of products failing to meet standards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a Wiegand wire, its preparation method, and its applications. The Wiegand wire of this invention comprises alternating layers of a first magnetic material and a second magnetic material layer, with a clear boundary between the coercivity of the first and second magnetic material layers, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire. Furthermore, the alternating layer structure of the Wiegand wire of this invention can be prepared using a lamination + bonding method, which improves the production efficiency of the Wiegand wire.

[0006] In one aspect of the invention, a Wiegand wire is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the Wiegand wire comprises:

[0007] The system comprises at least one first magnetic material layer and at least one second magnetic material layer, wherein the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are alternately stacked in a direction perpendicular to the length of the Wiegand wire, and the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer is greater than that of the second magnetic material layer.

[0008] The Wiegand wire according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises alternating layers of a first magnetic material and a second magnetic material, wherein the coercivity between the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer has a clear boundary line, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire. Furthermore, the alternating layered structure of the Wiegand wire of the present invention can be prepared using a lamination + bonding method, which can improve the production efficiency of the Wiegand wire.

[0009] In addition, Wiegandes according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the difference between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer is greater than 10Oe.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the difference between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer is 20Oe-60Oe.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the Wiegand wire includes a first magnetic material layer and a second magnetic material layer stacked sequentially, the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer forming a single stack; or, it includes a first magnetic material layer, a second magnetic material layer and a first magnetic material layer stacked sequentially; or, it includes a second magnetic material layer, a first magnetic material layer and a second magnetic material layer stacked sequentially; or, it includes multiple first magnetic material layers and multiple second magnetic material layers, the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer being stacked alternately.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer is 20Oe-100Oe; and / or, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer is 10Oe-90Oe.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first magnetic material layer comprises at least one of Fe-Co-V alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Si-B alloy, Fe-Co-Ni-Si-B alloy, Co-Fe-Mn-Si-B alloy, and Ni-Zr alloy; and / or, the second magnetic material layer comprises at least one of Fe-Co-V alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Si-B alloy, Fe-Co-Ni-Si-B alloy, Co-Fe-Mn-Si-B alloy, and Ni-Zr alloy.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the thickness of the first magnetic material layer to the thickness of the second magnetic material layer is (1:10)-(10:1).

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the total thickness of the stacked Wiegand wires is greater than 20 μm and less than 1 mm.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, an adhesive layer is provided between adjacent first magnetic material layers and second magnetic material layers, the adhesive layer being used to bond the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the adhesive layer is less than the thickness of the first magnetic material layer, and the thickness of the adhesive layer is less than the thickness of the second magnetic material layer.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the adhesive layer is less than 200 μm.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive layer includes at least one of thermosetting adhesive, photocurable adhesive, and natural curing adhesive.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermosetting adhesive includes at least one of epoxy resin adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, imino resin adhesive and polyurethane resin adhesive.

[0022] In another aspect of the invention, a method for preparing the above-mentioned Wiegandne filaments is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method includes:

[0023] At least one first magnetic material layer and at least one second magnetic material layer are stacked, and the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are stacked alternately, wherein the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer is greater than that of the second magnetic material layer;

[0024] Adjacent first magnetic material layers and second magnetic material layers are bonded together to form a laminated structure.

[0025] The stacked structure is cut to a preset size to obtain Wiegand wire.

[0026] The method for preparing Wiegand wire according to embodiments of the present invention directly involves alternating layers of a first magnetic material layer and a second magnetic material layer, avoiding the multi-cycle heat treatment and stress application of the alloy wire in the prior art, thereby improving the production efficiency of Wiegand wire and solving the problem of low production efficiency. Furthermore, it avoids the problem in existing methods where a single break in a single wire can render the entire Wiegand wire unusable, thus further improving production efficiency. Simultaneously, the coercivity between the first and second magnetic material layers of the Wiegand wire prepared by the above method has a clear boundary, significantly improving the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire.

[0027] In addition, the method according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method includes:

[0029] At least one first magnetic material layer and at least one second magnetic material layer are stacked on a first substrate, and the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are stacked alternately, and an adhesive is applied to at least a portion of the surface of the first magnetic material layer that adheres to the second magnetic material layer and / or at least a portion of the surface of the second magnetic material layer that adheres to the first magnetic material layer.

[0030] A second substrate is placed on the topmost magnetic material layer;

[0031] The adhesive is cured to bond adjacent first magnetic material layers and second magnetic material layers together.

[0032] After the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are bonded together, the first substrate and the second substrate are removed to obtain a laminated structure.

[0033] The stacked structure is cut to a preset size to obtain the Wiegand wire.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes applying pressure between the first substrate and the second substrate before curing the adhesive.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive includes at least one of thermosetting adhesives, photocurable adhesives, and naturally curable adhesives.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first substrate includes a first plexiglass layer, a first silicone layer and a first polytetrafluoroethylene film layer stacked sequentially, and the first polytetrafluoroethylene film layer is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer or the second magnetic material layer.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second substrate includes a second plexiglass layer, a second silicone layer, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene film layer stacked sequentially, and the second polytetrafluoroethylene film layer is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer or the second magnetic material layer.

[0038] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a Wiegand sensor. According to embodiments of the invention, the Wiegand sensor has a Wiegand wire as described in the above embodiments or a Wiegand wire prepared using the methods described in the above embodiments, wherein the coercivity of all first magnetic material layers is equal, and the coercivity of all second magnetic material layers is equal. Therefore, by increasing the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire, the accuracy of the Wiegand sensor is improved.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an energy harvester. According to embodiments of the invention, the energy harvester has a Wiegand wire as described above, or a Wiegand wire prepared using the methods described above. Thus, by increasing the intensity of the electrical pulses generated by the Wiegand wire, the efficiency of the energy harvester in collecting electrical energy is improved.

[0040] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0042] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the structure of Wiegand wire according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Wiegand wire in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Wiegand wire according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Wiegand wire according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Wiegand wire in related technologies;

[0047] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of Wiegand's work in related technologies;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing Wiegand wire according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing Wiegandne filaments according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the layering process for preparing Wiegand wire according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure label:

[0052] 100 - Wiegand wire, 10 - First magnetic material layer, 20 - Second magnetic material layer, 30 - Adhesive layer, 31 - Adhesive, 200 - First substrate, 300 - Second substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0054] Key terms and explanations:

[0055] Wiegand effect: In an alternating magnetic field, when the magnetic field of a certain polarity (e.g., the N pole) of a parallel Wiegand wire reaches the triggering magnetic induction intensity, the magnetic domains in the sensing wire are excited and move, and the magnetization direction instantaneously turns to the same direction. At the same time, the magnetic field in the space around the sensing wire also changes instantaneously, thereby inducing an electrical pulse in the induction coil. If the magnetic field weakens thereafter, the magnetization direction of the sensing wire will remain stable, and the induction coil will not output a pulse; however, when the magnetic field of opposite polarity (S pole) increases to trigger the magnetic induction intensity, the magnetization direction of the sensing wire instantaneously reverses again, and an electrical pulse in the opposite direction is induced in the induction coil.

[0056] Wiegand wire: A filamentous magnetic material capable of generating Wiegand pulses under the influence of an alternating magnetic field.

[0057] Hard magnetic materials: Ferromagnetic materials with high magnetic coercivity are hard magnetic materials.

[0058] Soft magnetic materials: Ferromagnetic materials with relatively low magnetic coercivity are called soft magnetic materials. The terms "hard magnetic materials" and "soft magnetic materials" are relative, and in reality, there is no clear boundary between them.

[0059] Wiegand pulse: Under the influence of an alternating magnetic field, a Wiegand wire can generate a very short magnetic signal, which is usually captured by a coil wound on the Wiegand wire and converted into an electrical signal.

[0060] Weak energy harvesting: The method of collecting weak field energy in an environment, converting it into an electrical signal, and then storing the electrical signal in a capacitor or battery is called weak field energy harvesting. In this invention, it refers to weak magnetic field energy, which is captured by Wiegand wires and coils, converted into electrical energy, and then stored in the capacitor or battery of the circuit system.

[0061] In one aspect of the invention, a Wiegand is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, refer to the appendix... Figure 1-4 The Wiegand wire 100 includes at least one first magnetic material layer 10 and at least one second magnetic material layer 20, which are alternately stacked in a direction perpendicular to the length of the Wiegand wire. The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 is greater than that of the second magnetic material layer 20. Therefore, the Wiegand wire of the present invention includes alternately stacked first magnetic material layers 10 and 20, and the coercivity between the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 has a clear boundary line, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire. Furthermore, the alternating stacked structure of the Wiegand wire of the present invention can be prepared using a stacking + bonding method, which can improve the production efficiency of the Wiegand wire.

[0062] The principle by which the Wiegand wire proposed in this invention achieves the above-mentioned beneficial effects will be explained in detail below:

[0063] Reference Appendix Figure 5 and 6 In related technologies, the Wiegand wire 100 is generally a slender cylinder with an approximately circular cross-section. The outer layer is a hard magnetic shell, and the inner layer is a soft magnetic core. The coercivity of the Wiegand wire 100 in related technologies changes gradually from the outside to the inside. That is to say, there is no clear dividing line between the coercivity of its outer hard magnetic shell and the coercivity of its inner soft magnetic core, which results in the relatively weak electrical pulse generated by the existing Wiegand wire.

[0064] To solve the aforementioned technical problems, the inventors of this invention have constructed alternating layers of a first magnetic material layer 10 and a second magnetic material layer 20, with the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 being greater than that of the second magnetic material layer 20. Relatively speaking, the first magnetic material layer 10 is a hard magnetic material layer, and the second magnetic material layer 20 is a soft magnetic material layer. Therefore, there is a clear boundary between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire.

[0065] The process by which the Wiegand filament 100 of the present invention generates an electric pulse is as follows: 1) The initial magnetic field is zero. As the applied magnetic field increases, both the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 are positively magnetized. 2) When a magnetic field is applied in the opposite direction, the first magnetic material layer 10 is first magnetized in the reverse direction. When the reverse magnetic field strengthens to the triggering magnetic induction intensity (i.e., when the second magnetic material layer 20 is also magnetized in the reverse direction), the magnetic field around the Wiegand filament also changes instantaneously, thereby inducing an electric pulse in the induction coil. 3) Similarly, when a magnetic field is applied in the positive direction, the first magnetic material layer 10 is first magnetized in the positive direction. When the positive magnetic field strengthens to the triggering magnetic induction intensity (i.e., when the second magnetic material layer 20 is also magnetized in the positive direction), the magnetization direction of the Wiegand filament is instantly reversed, and an electric pulse in the opposite direction is induced in the induction coil. It should be noted that the greater the difference between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer 20, the stronger the electric pulse generated by the Wiegand filament.

[0066] In addition, the alternating layered structure of the Wiegand filaments of the present invention can be prepared by a layering + bonding method, which can improve the production efficiency of Wiegand filaments.

[0067] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the difference between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer 20 can be greater than 10Oe. This further ensures that the coercivity between the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 has a clear boundary line, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire.

[0068] As some preferred embodiments, the difference between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer 20 can be 20Oe-60Oe (e.g., 20Oe, 30Oe, 40Oe, 50Oe, 60Oe, etc.), thereby further ensuring that the coercivity between the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 has a clear boundary line, thus significantly improving the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire.

[0069] It should be noted that the coercivity at various points in the first magnetic material layer 10 can be equal or unequal. When the coercivity at various points in the first magnetic material layer 10 is unequal, the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 refers to the average coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10. Similarly, the coercivity at various points in the second magnetic material layer 20 can be equal or unequal. When the coercivity at various points in the second magnetic material layer 20 is unequal, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer 20 refers to the average coercivity of the second magnetic material layer 20.

[0070] In embodiments of the present invention, the specific stacked structure of the Wiegand is not particularly limited. According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, refer to the appendix. Figure 1 The Wiegand filament 100 may include a first magnetic material layer 10 and a second magnetic material layer 20 stacked sequentially. The first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 form a single stack. The coercivity between the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 of this structure has a clear boundary line, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electric pulse generated by the Wiegand filament.

[0071] It should be noted that, in the appendix Figure 1-4 In the diagram, X represents the length direction of Wiegand filament 100, and X represents the thickness direction of Wiegand filament 100.

[0072] According to further specific embodiments of the present invention, see attached drawing. Figure 2 The Wiegand wire 100 may include a first magnetic material layer 10, a second magnetic material layer 20, and another first magnetic material layer 10 stacked sequentially, forming a sandwich structure of first magnetic material layer 10 + second magnetic material layer 20 + first magnetic material layer 10. In this structure, the coercivity between the second magnetic material layer 20 and the two first magnetic material layers 10 has a clear boundary, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electric pulse generated by the Wiegand wire. Alternatively, the Wiegand wire may include a second magnetic material layer 20, a first magnetic material layer 10, and a second magnetic material layer 20 stacked sequentially, forming a sandwich structure of second magnetic material layer 20 + first magnetic material layer 10 + second magnetic material layer 20. In this structure, the coercivity between the first magnetic material layer 10 and the two second magnetic material layers 20 has a clear boundary, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electric pulse generated by the Wiegand wire.

[0073] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, see attached drawing. Figure 3 The Wiegand 100 may include multiple layers of first magnetic material 10 and multiple layers of second magnetic material 20, with the first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 20 being stacked alternately to form a stacked structure of at least four layers. The coercivity between each adjacent first magnetic material layer 10 and second magnetic material layer 20 has a clear boundary line, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electric pulse generated by the Wiegand.

[0074] It is understood that in embodiments comprising multiple layers of first magnetic material 10 and multiple layers of second magnetic material 20, the coercivity of each first magnetic material layer 10 may be equal or unequal, but the coercivity of all first magnetic material layers 10 should be greater than the coercivity of all second magnetic material layers 20. Similarly, the coercivity of each second magnetic material layer 20 may be equal or unequal, but the coercivity of all second magnetic material layers 20 should be less than the coercivity of all first magnetic material layers 10.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present invention, the specific value of the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 is not particularly limited, as long as it can be ensured that there is a clear boundary between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20. As some preferred solutions, the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 can be 20Oe-100Oe (for example, it can be 21Oe, 30Oe, 40Oe, 50Oe, 60Oe, 70Oe, 80Oe, 90Oe, 100Oe, etc.).

[0076] Similarly, the specific value of the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer 20 is not particularly limited, as long as it can be ensured that there is a clear boundary between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20. As some preferred options, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer 20 can be 10Oe-90Oe (for example, it can be 10Oe, 20Oe, 30Oe, 40Oe, 50Oe, 60Oe, 70Oe, 80Oe, 89Oe, etc.).

[0077] In embodiments of the present invention, the material of the first magnetic material layer 10 is not particularly limited, as long as it has the required coercivity. As specific examples, the material of the first magnetic material layer 10 may include at least one of Fe-Co-V alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Si-B alloy, Fe-Co-Ni-Si-B alloy, Co-Fe-Mn-Si-B alloy, and Ni-Zr alloy. For example, an Fe-Co-V alloy, wherein the mass content of Fe is 35%, the mass content of Co is 52%, and the mass content of V is 13%. Another example is an Fe-Ni alloy, wherein the mass content of Fe is 30%, and the mass content of Ni is 70%. Yet another example is an Fe-Si-B alloy, wherein the mass content of Fe is 85%-95%, the mass content of Si is 5%-10%, and the mass content of B is 3%. Yet another example is a Ni-Zr alloy, wherein the mass content of Ni is 64%, and the mass content of Zr is 36%. The toughness of the first magnetic material layer formed by the above materials can meet the requirements for the use of Wiegand wire.

[0078] Similarly, the material of the second magnetic material layer 20 is not particularly limited, as long as it has the required coercivity. As specific examples, the material of the second magnetic material layer 20 may include at least one of Fe-Co-V alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Si-B alloy, Fe-Co-Ni-Si-B alloy, Co-Fe-Mn-Si-B alloy, and Ni-Zr alloy. For example, an Fe-Co-V alloy, wherein the mass content of Fe is 35%, the mass content of Co is 52%, and the mass content of V is 13%. Another example is an Fe-Ni alloy, wherein the mass content of Fe is 30%, and the mass content of Ni is 70%. Yet another example is an Fe-Si-B alloy, wherein the mass content of Fe is 85%-95%, the mass content of Si is 5%-10%, and the mass content of B is 3%. Yet another example is a Ni-Zr alloy, wherein the mass content of Ni is 64%, and the mass content of Zr is 36%. The toughness of the second magnetic material layer formed by the above materials meets the requirements for the use of Wiegand wire.

[0079] In embodiments of the present invention, the materials of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 can each be independently made of amorphous ribbon or nanocrystalline ribbon. The thickness of the amorphous ribbon or nanocrystalline ribbon can be very thin, thereby making the thickness of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 very thin.

[0080] It should be noted that the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 is not only related to the constituent materials of the magnetic material layers, but also to the preparation process of the magnetic material layers.

[0081] In embodiments of the present invention, the specific values ​​of the thickness of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the thickness of the second magnetic material layer 20 are not particularly limited. As some preferred embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the first magnetic material layer 10 to the thickness of the second magnetic material layer 20 can be (1:10) to (10:1). Further, the total thickness of the stacked Wiegand wires can be greater than 20 μm and less than 1 mm, for example, it can be 30 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 800 μm, 900 μm, etc.

[0082] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, see attached drawing. Figure 4 An adhesive layer 30 is provided between adjacent first magnetic material layer 10 and second magnetic material layer 20. The adhesive layer 30 is used to bond the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20, so that the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 are stacked to form Wiegand wire.

[0083] In embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive layer 30 is preferably as thin as possible, provided that it can firmly bond adjacent first magnetic material layer 10 and second magnetic material layer 20. Preferably, the thickness of the adhesive layer 30 is less than the thickness of the first magnetic material layer 10, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 30 is less than the thickness of the second magnetic material layer 20. As some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive layer 30 is less than 200 μm.

[0084] In embodiments of the present invention, the material of the adhesive layer 30 is not particularly limited, as long as it can bond adjacent first magnetic material layer 10 and second magnetic material layer 20 together. As specific examples, the material of the adhesive layer 30 may include at least one of thermosetting adhesives, photocurable adhesives, and naturally curing adhesives. Thermosetting adhesives are preferred, as they not only have good adhesion (i.e., strong mechanical coupling) but also good flowability under non-curing conditions, enabling the formation of a thinner adhesive layer 30. As specific examples, the thermosetting adhesive may include at least one of epoxy resin adhesives, phenolic resin adhesives, imino resin adhesives, and polyurethane resin adhesives, with epoxy resin adhesives being preferred.

[0085] In related technologies, the manufacturing process of Wiegand wire involves multiple cycles of heat treatment and / or stress application. The purpose of heat treatment and / or stress application is to gradually change the coercivity of the Wiegand wire from the outside to the inside, ultimately obtaining the desired Wiegand wire. This complex manufacturing process results in extremely low production efficiency; errors in parameters at any stage can lead to batch defects. Furthermore, the related technologies employ a single-pass processing method for long filaments, typically exceeding 1 meter in length. During processing, tensile force is applied along the length; even a single break in the filament can cause the applied tensile and shear stresses to drop to zero, rendering the entire Wiegand wire unusable.

[0086] Meanwhile, the Wiegand wire produced by the relevant manufacturing process is a slender cylinder with an approximately circular cross-section. The outer layer is a hard magnetic shell, and the inner layer is a soft magnetic core. The coercivity of this Wiegand wire changes gradually from the outside to the inside. In other words, there is no clear dividing line between the coercivity of the outer hard magnetic shell and the coercivity of the inner soft magnetic core, which results in the relatively weak electrical pulse generated by the existing Wiegand wire.

[0087] To address the aforementioned technical problems, in another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing the aforementioned Wiegand wire is proposed. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method includes: stacking at least one first magnetic material layer 10 and at least one second magnetic material layer 20, wherein the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 are stacked alternately, and the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 is greater than the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer 20; and bonding adjacent first magnetic material layers 10 and second magnetic material layers 20 together. Thus, the method of the present invention directly alternates the stacking of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20, avoiding the multi-cycle heat treatment and stress application of the alloy wire in the prior art, thereby improving the production efficiency of Wiegand wire and solving the problem of low production efficiency. Furthermore, it avoids the problem in the prior art where a single break in a single wire can render the entire Wiegand wire unusable, thereby improving the production efficiency of Wiegand wire. Meanwhile, the coercivity between the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 of the Wiegand wire prepared by the above method has a clear boundary line, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electric pulse generated by the Wiegand wire.

[0088] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, refer to the appendix Figure 7 The method may include:

[0089] S100: Alternately stacking a first magnetic material layer and a second magnetic material layer on a first substrate.

[0090] In this step, at least one first magnetic material layer 10 and at least one second magnetic material layer 20 are stacked on the first substrate 200, with the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 being stacked alternately. Simultaneously, during the alternating stacking of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20, an adhesive 31 is applied to at least a portion of the surface of the first magnetic material layer 10 that adheres to the second magnetic material layer 20 and / or at least a portion of the surface of the second magnetic material layer 20 that adheres to the first magnetic material layer 10, so as to bond adjacent first magnetic material layers 10 and second magnetic material layers 20 together to form a laminated structure of Wiegand wire.

[0091] S200: Place the second substrate on the topmost magnetic material layer.

[0092] In this step, a second substrate 300 is placed on the topmost magnetic material layer, and the stacked magnetic material layers are sandwiched between the first substrate 200 and the second substrate 300, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 9 As shown.

[0093] S300: Curing of the adhesive

[0094] In this step, the adhesive 31 is cured to bond the adjacent first magnetic material layer 10 and second magnetic material layer 20. The completion of the curing of the adhesive 31 means that the bonding between the adjacent first magnetic material layer 10 and second magnetic material layer 20 is completed.

[0095] In embodiments of the present invention, the specific type of adhesive 31 is not particularly limited, as long as it can bond adjacent first magnetic material layer 10 and second magnetic material layer 20 together. As some specific examples, adhesive 31 may include at least one of thermosetting adhesives, photocurable adhesives, and naturally curing adhesives. Thermosetting adhesives are preferred, as they not only have good adhesion (i.e., strong mechanical coupling) but also good flowability under non-curing conditions, enabling the formation of a thin adhesive layer. As some specific examples, thermosetting adhesives may include at least one of epoxy resin adhesives, phenolic resin adhesives, imino resin adhesives, and polyurethane resin adhesives, with epoxy resin adhesives being preferred.

[0096] The curing method of the adhesive 31 mentioned above depends on the specific type of adhesive 31. For example, thermosetting adhesives can be cured by heating, light-curing adhesives can be cured by light, and natural curing adhesives can be cured naturally without other external conditions.

[0097] S400: Remove the first substrate and the second substrate.

[0098] In this step, after the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 are bonded together, the first substrate 200 and the second substrate 300 are removed to obtain a laminated structure.

[0099] During the lamination process of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20, an adhesive 31 with good flowability is generally selected. Therefore, the adhesive 31 coated on the surface of the first magnetic material layer 10 and / or the second magnetic material layer 20 can easily flow out of the laminated structure and stick firmly to the first substrate and / or the second substrate, making it difficult to remove the first substrate and / or the second substrate.

[0100] To address the aforementioned technical problems, according to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the first substrate may include a first plexiglass layer, a first silicone layer, and a first polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, with the first PTFE film layer in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer 10 or the second magnetic material layer 20. After the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 are bonded together, the first substrate is removed from the laminated structure. The first PTFE film layer, which is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer 10 or the second magnetic material layer 20, can be easily peeled off from the laminated structure, and the adhesive 31 does not adhere to the surface of the first PTFE film layer, or excess adhesive residue on the first PTFE film layer can be easily removed.

[0101] Similarly, the second substrate may include a second plexiglass layer, a second silicone layer, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, with the second PTFE film layer in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer 10 or the second magnetic material layer 20. After the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 are bonded together, the second substrate is removed from the laminated structure. The second PTFE film layer, which is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer 10 or the second magnetic material layer 20, can be easily peeled off from the laminated structure, and the adhesive 31 does not adhere to the surface of the second PTFE film layer, or excess adhesive residue on the second PTFE film layer can be easily removed.

[0102] S500: Cut the stacked structure according to the preset dimensions.

[0103] In this step, the stacked structure is cut according to specific usage requirements to obtain thin strips of Wiegand wire. As a specific example, the Wiegand wire required to make a Wiegand sensor is generally about 10mm in length and less than 0.5mm in width.

[0104] In the embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned cutting method is not particularly limited; for example, laser cutting, electron beam cutting, or ion beam cutting can be used. These thermal cutting methods all have relatively high cutting speeds and produce smoother edges on the cut material.

[0105] According to further specific embodiments of the present invention, see attached drawing. Figure 8 The method may further include the following steps between steps S200 and 300:

[0106] S250: Apply pressure between the first substrate and the second substrate

[0107] In this step, pressure is uniformly applied between the first substrate and the second substrate to make the adhesive 31 between the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 as thin as possible. This pressure is maintained, and the entire assembly is placed in a suitable curing environment until the adhesive 31 has cured completely. Preferably, pressure perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate is uniformly applied between them.

[0108] According to the method for preparing the above-mentioned Wiegand wire according to embodiments of the present invention, a first magnetic material layer 10 with a certain coercivity and a second magnetic material layer 20 with a certain coercivity are alternately stacked, and adjacent first magnetic material layers 10 and second magnetic material layers 20 are bonded together to obtain a stacked Wiegand wire. This method avoids the multi-cycle heat treatment and stress application of alloy wires in the prior art, thereby improving the production efficiency of Wiegand wire and solving the problem of low production efficiency. Furthermore, in the preparation process of the Wiegand wire of the present invention, the coercivity of the stacked first magnetic material layer 10 and second magnetic material layer 20 is inherent and does not require stress application. Therefore, even if the obtained stacked Wiegand wire is cut, it will not affect the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20. This avoids the problem in the prior art where a single break in a single Wiegand wire can render the entire wire unusable, thus improving the production efficiency of Wiegand wire. Meanwhile, the coercivity between the first magnetic material layer 10 and the second magnetic material layer 20 of the Wiegand wire prepared by the above method has a clear boundary line, thereby significantly improving the intensity of the electric pulse generated by the Wiegand wire.

[0109] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a Wiegand sensor. According to an embodiment of the invention, the Wiegand sensor has a Wiegand wire as described in the above embodiments or a Wiegand wire prepared using the methods described in the above embodiments, wherein the coercivity of all first magnetic material layers 10 is equal, and the coercivity of all second magnetic material layers 20 is equal. Therefore, by increasing the intensity of the electrical pulse generated by the Wiegand wire, the accuracy of the Wiegand sensor is improved.

[0110] In particular, the following three types of stacked structures of Wiegand wire are suitable for Wiegand sensors: 1) a single-layer stacked structure formed by a first magnetic material layer 10 and a second magnetic material layer 20; 2) a sandwich stacked structure formed by sequentially stacking a first magnetic material layer 10, a second magnetic material layer 20, and a first magnetic material layer 10, wherein the coercivity of the two first magnetic material layers 10 is equal; 3) a sandwich stacked structure formed by sequentially stacking a second magnetic material layer 20, a first magnetic material layer 10, and a second magnetic material layer 20, wherein the coercivity of the two second magnetic material layers 20 is equal.

[0111] The Wiegand pulses generated by the Wiegand effect are time-independent, so Wiegand sensors can be used as counters in environments with surrounding magnetic excitation sources. Furthermore, for a typical Wiegand sensor, each magnetic pulse can harvest 20 nJ of energy, and two magnetic pulses are generated per magnetic field cycle, so Wiegand sensors can also be used as energy harvesters.

[0112] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an energy harvester. According to embodiments of the invention, the energy harvester has a Wiegand wire as described above, or a Wiegand wire prepared using the methods described above. Thus, by increasing the intensity of the electrical pulses generated by the Wiegand wire, the efficiency of the energy harvester in collecting electrical energy is improved.

[0113] In embodiments of the present invention, all stacked Wiegand wires can be used in energy harvesters. The energy harvester uses Wiegand wires and coils to capture alternating magnetic energy in the environment and convert it into electrical energy, which is then stored in the capacitors or batteries of the circuit system.

[0114] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise specified, all reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available or can be synthesized according to the methods described herein or known to others. For reaction conditions not listed, they are also readily available to those skilled in the art.

[0115] Example 1

[0116] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, the preparation process of which is as follows:

[0117] 1) Prepare a first magnetic material layer A1 with a coercivity of 30 Oe, a second magnetic material layer B with a coercivity of 15 Oe, and a first magnetic material layer A2 with a coercivity of 30 Oe. The materials of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B, and the first magnetic material layer A2 are all Fe-Co-V alloys, wherein the mass content of Fe is 35%, the mass content of Co is 52%, and the mass content of V is 13%. Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B, and the first magnetic material layer A2 is 1:1:1.

[0118] 2) A first magnetic material layer A1, a second magnetic material layer B, and a first magnetic material layer A2 are sequentially stacked on a first substrate, and epoxy resin adhesive is coated between the first magnetic material layer A1 and the second magnetic material layer B, and between the second magnetic material layer B and the first magnetic material layer A2. The first substrate includes a first plexiglass layer, a first silicone layer, and a first polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, and the first PTFE film layer is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer A1.

[0119] Then, a second substrate is placed on the first magnetic material layer A2. The second substrate includes a second plexiglass layer, a second silicone layer, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, with the second PTFE film layer in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer A2. A uniform, downward pressure is applied to the second substrate to make the epoxy resin colloid between the first magnetic material layer A1 and the second magnetic material layer B, and between the second magnetic material layer B and the first magnetic material layer A2, as thin as possible. This pressure is maintained, and the entire substrate is placed in a suitable temperature environment until the epoxy resin colloid is fully cured.

[0120] 3) Remove the stacked structure. The total thickness of the stacked structure is 300μm. Use a laser to cut the stacked structure into thin strips of Wiegand wire with a length of about 10mm and a width of about 0.5mm.

[0121] Example 2

[0122] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0123] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 50 Oe, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 20 Oe, and the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 50 Oe. The materials of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B, and the first magnetic material layer A2 are all Fe-Ni alloys, with a Fe mass content of 30% and a Ni mass content of 70%. Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B, and the first magnetic material layer A2 is 1:2:1.

[0124] All other contents are the same as in Example 1.

[0125] Example 3

[0126] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0127] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 70 Oe, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 30 Oe, and the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A2 is 65 Oe. The materials of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B, and the first magnetic material layer A2 are all Fe-Si-B alloys, wherein the mass content of Fe is 90%, the mass content of Si is 7%, and the mass content of B is 3%. Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B, and the first magnetic material layer A2 is 1:5:1.

[0128] All other contents are the same as in Example 1.

[0129] Example 4

[0130] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0131] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 90 Oe, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 40 Oe, and the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A2 is 85 Oe. The materials of the first magnetic material layers A1 and A2 are both Fe-Si-B alloys, with a Fe mass content of 90%, a Si mass content of 7%, and a B mass content of 3%. The material of the second magnetic material layer B is a Ni-Zr alloy, with a Ni mass content of 64% and a Zr mass content of 36%. The thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B, and the first magnetic material layer A2 is 2:1:2.

[0132] All other contents are the same as in Example 1.

[0133] Example 5

[0134] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0135] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 90 Oe, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 60 Oe, and the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A2 is 85 Oe. The materials of the first magnetic material layers A1 and A2 are both Fe-Co-V alloys, with a Fe mass content of 35%, a Co mass content of 52%, and a V mass content of 13%. The material of the second magnetic material layer B is an Fe-Ni alloy, with a Fe mass content of 30% and a Ni mass content of 70%. The thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B, and the first magnetic material layer A2 is 5:1:5.

[0136] All other contents are the same as in Example 1.

[0137] Example 6

[0138] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0139] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 100 Oe, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 80 Oe, and the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 100 Oe.

[0140] All other contents are the same as in Example 1.

[0141] Example 7

[0142] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, the preparation process of which is as follows:

[0143] 1) Prepare a second magnetic material layer B1 with a coercivity of 20 Oe, a first magnetic material layer A with a coercivity of 50 Oe, and a second magnetic material layer B2 with a coercivity of 20 Oe. The materials of the second magnetic material layer B1, the first magnetic material layer A, and the second magnetic material layer B2 are all Fe-Co-V alloys, wherein the mass content of Fe is 35%, the mass content of Co is 52%, and the mass content of V is 13%. Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the second magnetic material layer B1, the first magnetic material layer A, and the second magnetic material layer B2 is 1:1:1.

[0144] 2) A second magnetic material layer B1, a first magnetic material layer A, and a second magnetic material layer B2 are sequentially stacked on a first substrate, and an imino resin adhesive is coated between the second magnetic material layer B1 and the first magnetic material layer A, and between the first magnetic material layer A and the second magnetic material layer B2. The first substrate includes a first plexiglass layer, a first silicone layer, and a first polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, and the first PTFE film layer is in direct contact with the second magnetic material layer B1.

[0145] Then, a second substrate is placed on the second magnetic material layer B2. The second substrate includes a second plexiglass layer, a second silicone layer, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, with the second PTFE film layer in direct contact with the second magnetic material layer B2. A uniform, vertically downward pressure is applied to the second substrate to make the imino resin adhesive between the second magnetic material layer B1 and the first magnetic material layer A, and between the first magnetic material layer A and the second magnetic material layer B2, as thin as possible. This pressure is maintained, and the entire substrate is placed in a suitable temperature environment until the imino resin adhesive has cured completely.

[0146] 3) Remove the stacked structure. The total thickness of the stacked structure is 500μm. Use a laser to cut the stacked structure into thin strips of Wiegand wire with a length of about 10mm and a width of about 0.5mm.

[0147] Example 8

[0148] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0149] The coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B1 is 40 Oe, the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A is 70 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B2 is 35 Oe. The materials of the second magnetic material layer B1, the first magnetic material layer A, and the second magnetic material layer B2 are all Fe-Ni alloys, wherein the mass content of Fe is 30% and the mass content of Ni is 70%.

[0150] Everything else is the same as in Example 7.

[0151] Example 9

[0152] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0153] The coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B1 is 50 Oe, the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A is 90 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B2 is 55 Oe. Both the second magnetic material layer B1 and the second magnetic material layer B2 are made of Fe-Si-B alloy, with Fe accounting for 90% by mass, Si accounting for 7% by mass, and B accounting for 3% by mass. The first magnetic material layer A is made of Ni-Zr alloy, with Ni accounting for 64% by mass and Zr accounting for 36% by mass.

[0154] Everything else is the same as in Example 7.

[0155] Example 10

[0156] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, the preparation process of which is as follows:

[0157] 1) Prepare a first magnetic material layer A with a coercivity of 40 Oe and a second magnetic material layer B with a coercivity of 20 Oe. Both the first magnetic material layer A and the second magnetic material layer B are made of Fe-Co-V alloy, wherein the mass content of Fe is 35%, the mass content of Co is 52%, and the mass content of V is 13%. The thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A to the second magnetic material layer B is 5:1.

[0158] 2) A first magnetic material layer A and a second magnetic material layer B are sequentially stacked on a first substrate, and an epoxy resin adhesive is coated between the first magnetic material layer A and the second magnetic material layer B. The first substrate includes a first plexiglass layer, a first silicone layer, and a first polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, and the first PTFE film layer is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer A.

[0159] Then, a second substrate is placed on the second magnetic material layer B. The second substrate includes a second plexiglass layer, a second silicone layer, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, with the second PTFE film layer in direct contact with the second magnetic material layer B. A uniform downward pressure is applied to the second substrate to make the epoxy resin colloid between the first magnetic material layer A and the second magnetic material layer B as thin as possible. While maintaining this pressure, the entire substrate is placed in a suitable temperature environment until the epoxy resin colloid is fully cured.

[0160] 3) Remove the stacked structure. The total thickness of the stacked structure is 100μm. Use a laser to cut the stacked structure into thin strips of Wiegand wire with a length of about 10mm and a width of about 0.5mm.

[0161] Example 11

[0162] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0163] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A is 60 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 30 Oe. The thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A to the second magnetic material layer B is 2:1.

[0164] All other contents are the same as in Example 10.

[0165] Example 12

[0166] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0167] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A is 70 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 35 Oe. The thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A to the second magnetic material layer B is 1:1.

[0168] All other contents are the same as in Example 10.

[0169] Example 13

[0170] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0171] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A is 80 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 40 Oe. The thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A to the second magnetic material layer B is 1:2.

[0172] All other contents are the same as in Example 10.

[0173] Example 14

[0174] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0175] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A is 100 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B is 50 Oe. The thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A to the second magnetic material layer B is 1:5.

[0176] All other contents are the same as in Example 10.

[0177] Example 15

[0178] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, the preparation process of which is as follows:

[0179] 1) Prepare a first magnetic material layer A1 with a coercivity of 40 Oe, a second magnetic material layer B1 with a coercivity of 20 Oe, a first magnetic material layer A2 with a coercivity of 40 Oe, and a second magnetic material layer B2 with a coercivity of 20 Oe. The materials of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B1, the first magnetic material layer A2, and the second magnetic material layer B2 are all Fe-Co-V alloys, wherein the mass content of Fe is 35%, the mass content of Co is 52%, and the mass content of V is 13%. Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first magnetic material layer A1, the second magnetic material layer B1, the first magnetic material layer A2, and the second magnetic material layer B2 is 1:1:1:1.

[0180] 2) A first magnetic material layer A1, a second magnetic material layer B1, a first magnetic material layer A2, and a second magnetic material layer B2 are sequentially stacked on a first substrate, and epoxy resin adhesive is coated between the first magnetic material layer A1 and the second magnetic material layer B1, between the second magnetic material layer B1 and the first magnetic material layer A2, and between the first magnetic material layer A2 and the second magnetic material layer B2. The first substrate includes a first plexiglass layer, a first silicone layer, and a first polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, and the first PTFE film layer is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer A1.

[0181] Then, a second substrate is placed on the second magnetic material layer B2. The second substrate includes a second plexiglass layer, a second silicone layer, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film layer stacked sequentially, with the second PTFE film layer in direct contact with the second magnetic material layer B2. A uniform downward pressure is applied to the second substrate to make the epoxy resin colloid between each layer as thin as possible. While maintaining this pressure, the entire substrate is placed in a suitable temperature environment until the epoxy resin colloid is fully cured.

[0182] 3) Remove the stacked structure. The total thickness of the stacked structure is 700μm. Use a laser to cut the stacked structure into thin strips of Wiegand wire with a length of about 10mm and a width of about 0.5mm.

[0183] Example 16

[0184] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0185] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 60 Oe, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B1 is 30 Oe, the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A2 is 65 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B2 is 30 Oe.

[0186] All other contents are the same as in Example 15.

[0187] Example 17

[0188] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0189] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 80 Oe, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B1 is 40 Oe, the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A2 is 85 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B2 is 45 Oe.

[0190] All other contents are the same as in Example 15.

[0191] Example 18

[0192] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, and the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0193] The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A1 is 100 Oe, the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B1 is 50 Oe, the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer A2 is 95 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer B2 is 55 Oe.

[0194] All other contents are the same as in Example 15.

[0195] Comparative Example 1

[0196] This embodiment provides a Wiegand wire, the preparation process of which is as follows:

[0197] 1) Provide Fe 0.48 Ni 0.52 The alloy wire has a diameter of 10 mil and a length of 1 m.

[0198] 2) Stretch it out by 4%;

[0199] 3) For Fe 0.48 Ni 0.52 A tensile force of 450g is applied to the alloy wire;

[0200] 4) At the same time, rotate the alloy wire in both directions at 0.4 revolutions / cm, and repeat the rotation in both directions 30-50 times.

[0201] 5) Remove the applied tension, the process ends, and cut the wire into Wiegand wires with a length of about 10 mm.

[0202] Induction coils were wound around the Wiegand wires prepared in Examples 1-18 and Comparative Example 1, respectively. Alternating magnetic fields were then applied to generate pulses. The process was as follows: 1) Initially, the magnetic field was zero. As the applied magnetic field increased, both the first and second magnetic material layers were positively magnetized; 2) When a magnetic field was applied in the opposite direction, the first magnetic material layer was first magnetized in the reverse direction. When the reverse magnetic field increased to the triggering magnetic induction intensity (i.e., when the second magnetic material layer was also magnetized in the reverse direction), the magnetic field around the Wiegand wire also changed instantaneously, thereby inducing an electric pulse in the induction coil; 3) Similarly, when a positive magnetic field was applied, the first magnetic material layer was first magnetized in the positive direction. When the positive magnetic field increased to the triggering magnetic induction intensity (i.e., when the second magnetic material layer was also magnetized in the positive direction), the magnetization direction of the Wiegand wire instantly reversed, inducing an electric pulse in the opposite direction in the induction coil. Test results showed that the intensity of the electric pulses generated by the Wiegand wires prepared in Examples 1-18 was significantly improved compared to Comparative Example 1.

[0203] In addition, compared with Comparative Example 1, the preparation method of Wiegand wire provided in Examples 1-18 directly stacks the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer alternately, avoiding the multi-cycle stress application to the alloy wire in Comparative Example 1, thereby improving the production efficiency of Wiegand wire and solving the problem of low production efficiency of Wiegand wire.

[0204] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0205] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wire-in-wire, characterized in that, include: At least one first magnetic material layer and at least one second magnetic material layer are provided, wherein the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are alternately stacked in a direction perpendicular to the length of the Wiegand wire, and the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer is greater than that of the second magnetic material layer; The difference between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer is greater than 10 Oe; The coercivity of the first magnetic material layer is 20 Oe-100 Oe, and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer is 10 Oe-90 Oe; An adhesive layer is provided between adjacent first magnetic material layers and second magnetic material layers, the adhesive layer being used to bond the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer.

2. The wire according to claim 1, characterized in that The difference between the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer and the coercivity of the second magnetic material layer is 20 Oe-60 Oe.

3. The wire according to claim 1, wherein It includes a first magnetic material layer and a second magnetic material layer stacked sequentially, wherein the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer form a single layer stack; Alternatively, it may include the first magnetic material layer, the second magnetic material layer and the first magnetic material layer stacked sequentially; Alternatively, it may include the second magnetic material layer, the first magnetic material layer, and the second magnetic material layer stacked sequentially. Alternatively, it may include multiple layers of the first magnetic material layer and multiple layers of the second magnetic material layer, wherein the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are alternately stacked.

4. The vee wire according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first magnetic material layer includes at least one of Fe-Co-V alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Si-B alloy, Fe-Co-Ni-Si-B alloy, Co-Fe-Mn-Si-B alloy, and Ni-Zr alloy; And / or, the second magnetic material layer includes at least one of Fe-Co-V alloy, Fe-Ni alloy, Fe-Si-B alloy, Fe-Co-Ni-Si-B alloy, Co-Fe-Mn-Si-B alloy, and Ni-Zr alloy.

5. The vee wire according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The ratio of the thickness of the first magnetic material layer to the thickness of the second magnetic material layer is (1:10)-(10:1).

6. The wire according to claim 5, wherein The total thickness of the stacked Wiegand wires is greater than 20µm and less than 1mm.

7. The vee wire of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the adhesive layer is less than the thickness of the first magnetic material layer, and the thickness of the adhesive layer is less than the thickness of the second magnetic material layer.

8. A wire in accordance with claim 7, characterised in that, The thickness of the adhesive layer is less than 200µm.

9. The wire according to claim 1, wherein The adhesive layer includes at least one of thermosetting adhesive, photocurable adhesive, and natural curing adhesive.

10. The wire according to claim 9, characterized in that The thermosetting adhesive includes at least one of epoxy resin adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, imino resin adhesive and polyurethane resin adhesive.

11. A method of making a vane according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that, include: At least one first magnetic material layer and at least one second magnetic material layer are stacked, and the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are stacked alternately, wherein the coercivity of the first magnetic material layer is greater than that of the second magnetic material layer; Adjacent first magnetic material layers and second magnetic material layers are bonded together to form a laminated structure. The stacked structure is cut to a preset size to obtain Wiegand wire.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, include: At least one first magnetic material layer and at least one second magnetic material layer are stacked on a first substrate, and the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are stacked alternately, and an adhesive is applied to at least a portion of the surface of the first magnetic material layer that adheres to the second magnetic material layer and / or at least a portion of the surface of the second magnetic material layer that adheres to the first magnetic material layer. A second substrate is placed on the topmost magnetic material layer; The adhesive is cured to bond adjacent first magnetic material layers and second magnetic material layers together. After the first magnetic material layer and the second magnetic material layer are bonded together, the first substrate and the second substrate are removed to obtain the laminated structure. The stacked structure is cut to a preset size to obtain the Wiegand wire.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, Before the adhesive is cured, the method further includes: Pressure is applied between the first substrate and the second substrate.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The adhesive includes at least one of thermosetting adhesives, photocurable adhesives, and naturally curable adhesives.

15. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein, The first substrate includes a first plexiglass layer, a first silicone layer, and a first polytetrafluoroethylene film layer stacked sequentially, and the first polytetrafluoroethylene film layer is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer or the second magnetic material layer.

16. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein, The second substrate includes a second plexiglass layer, a second silicone layer, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene film layer stacked sequentially, and the second polytetrafluoroethylene film layer is in direct contact with the first magnetic material layer or the second magnetic material layer.

17. A Wiegand sensor, characterized in that The wire has any one of claims 1-10 or is prepared by the method of any one of claims 11-16, wherein the coercivity of all the first magnetic material layers is equal and the coercivity of all the second magnetic material layers is equal.

18. An energy harvester, comprising: Wiegand silk as described in any one of claims 1-10 or prepared by the method described in any one of claims 11-16.

Images