Winding mold for composite material shell with special-shaped rubber layer and using method

Abstract

The invention provides a winding mold for a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber reinforced composite material forming. The problems that a conventional mold does not reserve a space for a rubber heat insulation layer of an extension part, the shell of this kind is difficult to prepare through fiber forming, and meanwhile, a negative angle is formed in the mold through the rubber heat insulation layer, so that demolding is difficult are solved. The die comprises a mandrel and a die body, the die body is of an assembly structure and comprises a first die body and a second die body, the first die body is provided with a concave assembly face, the second die body is provided with a convex assembly face, and after the first die body and the second die body are assembled and fixed, the inner areas of the concave assembly face and the convex assembly face are attached to each other to complete axial positioning. And the edges of the concave splicing surface and the convex splicing surface are separated from each other to form a circumferential annular gap extending towards the direction of the core shaft. The method is mainly used for manufacturing the composite material shell with the special-shaped rubber layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber reinforced composite material molding, and in particular relates to a winding mold of a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of my country's aerospace and deep-sea industries, the demand for lightweight and high-performance structural parts is increasing. Compared with traditional metal materials, carbon fiber composites have the advantages of high specific strength, specific modulus and specific stiffness, fatigue resistance, strong designability, corrosion resistance, etc. Carbon fiber reinforced composites using long fiber winding molding technology are becoming more and more widely used. In the design of carbon fiber wound shells with ablation resistance and gas storage requirements, an insulation layer formed by rubber will be set inside the fiber winding structural layer.

[0003] When the rubber insulation layer is not completely and tightly fitted with the carbon fiber structural layer, but is a special-shaped structure that is partially fitted with the structural layer and partially extends toward the inner axis direction of the shell, the conventional mold does not reserve space for the rubber insulation layer of the extended part, and it is difficult to prepare such a shell by fiber molding. At the same time, the rubber insulation layer forms a negative angle inside the mold, which makes demolding difficult. Therefore, the mold structure needs to be designed and improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that conventional molds do not reserve space for the rubber insulation layer of the extended part, it is difficult to prepare such shells through fiber molding, and the rubber insulation layer forms a negative angle inside the mold, resulting in difficulty in demoulding. The present invention proposes a winding mold and a method of using a composite shell with a special-shaped rubber layer, the mold is designed as an axially assembled split structure, the mold assembly surface is designed as a concave and convex surface, after assembly, the inner areas of the concave and convex surfaces are tightly fitted to complete axial positioning, the edges of the concave and convex surfaces are separated from each other, forming a gap extending in the direction of the core axis, which is used to accommodate the rubber insulation layer, and the mold with a convex surface is designed as a split structure to achieve smooth demoulding.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a winding mold with a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer, including a core shaft and a mold body, the mold body is fixed on the core shaft as a rotating body structure, the mold body is an assembly structure, it includes a first mold and a second mold, the first mold is provided with a concave assembly surface, the second mold is provided with a convex assembly surface, when the first mold and the second mold are assembled and fixed, the inner areas of the concave assembly surface and the convex assembly surface are fitted with each other to complete axial positioning, the edges of the concave assembly surface and the convex assembly surface are separated from each other to form a circumferential annular gap extending toward the core shaft direction, the second mold is a split structure assembled from multiple components, and the multiple components can be removed from the circular opening surrounded by the gap respectively without interfering with the gap.

[0006] Furthermore, the gap includes an arc segment and a horizontal segment from outside to inside.

[0007] Furthermore, the second mold is formed by assembling a barrel body, a positioning ring and a plurality of petals, the side wall of the barrel body is cylindrical, an annular boss is provided at one end of the barrel body close to the gap, and the other end is a contracted opening, the outer diameter of the positioning ring is the same as the diameter of the annular boss, and the inner diameter is the same as the diameter of the side wall of the barrel body, the positioning ring is sleeved on the side wall of the barrel body and axially fixed to the annular boss, the plurality of petals fit each other and are cylindrical as a whole, sleeved on the side wall of the barrel body, axially fixed to the positioning ring, and radially fixed to the side wall of the barrel body, the outer surface shape of the petal close to the positioning ring is arc-shaped, and the arc is the same as the contour line shape of the inner side of the arc segment of the gap.

[0008] Furthermore, the annular boss is axially provided with a plurality of top screw holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner surface of the petal is provided with a magnetic positioning surface, the barrel body is made of magnetic metal, and the petal and the barrel body are fixed by magnetism.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning ring and the annular boss are axially fixed by bolts, and the multiple petals and the positioning ring are axially fixed by bolts.

[0011] Furthermore, the core shaft is provided with different shaft diameter sections for axial positioning.

[0012] A method for using a winding die with a composite material shell having a special-shaped rubber layer,

[0013] S1: Installing the mold: first assembling and fixing multiple components on the mandrel to form a second mold, then fitting the preformed special-shaped rubber layer onto the second mold from the convex assembly surface of the second mold, and finally inserting the first mold onto the mandrel and assembling and fixing it with the second mold to form a mold body, thereby obtaining a winding mold with a composite material shell of a special-shaped rubber layer;

[0014] S2: preparing a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer: clamping the assembled winding mold onto a winding machine, applying adhesive to the special-shaped rubber layer on the surface of the mold body, and preparing a shell on the surface of the winding mold by an annular winding method and a longitudinal winding method to obtain a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer;

[0015] S3: Demolding: Remove the first mold from the inside of the shell, and then remove the multiple components of the second mold from the shell through the circular opening surrounded by the gap to achieve shell demoulding.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the winding die of the composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer and the use method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention uses molds with concave and convex surface shapes to produce a accommodating gap for the rubber insulation layer that does not fit the structural layer, and can be used for the preparation of composite material shells with special-shaped rubber layers.

[0018] 2. The present invention designs the second mold with a convex surface shape as a split structure, which makes the overall demolding of the mold more convenient and more widely applicable. When the shell shape produced is a special structure that gradually shrinks away from the gap direction, the gap and the shrinkage structure form an internal space with negative angles on both sides. Even when the second mold cannot be demolded as a whole, it can still be demolded smoothly.

[0019] 3. The present invention fixes the barrel body and the positioning ring, and then fixes the petals to the barrel body through the positioning ring and the magnetic positioning surface of the petals. The positioning ring is used to ensure the installation accuracy of the petals. The petals and the barrel body are only mechanically connected on one side at the positioning ring, which can reduce the difficulty of demoulding and reduce processing costs. The positioning ring can also balance the pressure of the barrel body after demoulding to prevent the petals from being individually stressed and offset.

[0020] 4. The present invention takes into account that the positioning ring is located between the barrel body and the petals during the demoulding process, so there is no force-bearing surface and the barrel body cannot be directly removed. Therefore, a top screw hole is provided on the barrel body, and a bolt is screwed into the top screw hole to press against the surface of the positioning ring to realize the demoulding of the barrel body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a winding mold with a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first mold of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a winding mold of a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0026] Figure 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of the second mold of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the barrel body of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the petal structure of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1-mandrel; 2-mold body; 3-gap; 21-first mold; 22-second mold; 23-barrel body; 24-positioning ring; 25-petal; 26-annular boss; 27-top screw hole; 28-magnetic positioning surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0031] 1. Specific implementation method 1, see Figure 1-7 To illustrate the present embodiment, a winding mold with a composite material shell having a special-shaped rubber layer comprises a core shaft 1 and a mold body 2, wherein the mold body 2 is fixed on the core shaft 1 as a rotating body structure, and the mold body 2 is an assembled structure, which comprises a first mold 21 and a second mold 22, wherein the first mold 21 is provided with a concave assembling surface, and the second mold 22 is provided with a convex assembling surface, and when the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 are assembled and fixed, the inner areas of the concave assembling surface and the convex assembling surface fit each other to complete axial positioning, and the edges of the concave assembling surface and the convex assembling surface are separated from each other to form a circumferential annular gap 3 extending toward the core shaft 1, and the second mold 22 is a split structure assembled from a plurality of components, and the plurality of components can be removed from the circular opening surrounded by the gap 3 respectively without interfering with the gap 3.

[0032] The present invention makes the two assembly surfaces include a center positioning surface and an edge molding surface by designing the concave-convex matching of the shapes of the two mold assembly surfaces. The positioning surface completes the axial positioning between the molds, and the edge molding surfaces are combined to form a gap to accommodate the special-shaped rubber layer. This design not only simplifies the manufacturing process of the mold, but the concave-convex matching can also ensure the uniformity of the gap molding. The shape and width of the gap can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the curvature of the concave surface and the convex surface to meet the needs of different working conditions. When in use, the prefabricated special-shaped rubber layer is first sleeved on the convex surface, and then assembled with the concave surface, so that the rubber layer extending in the axial direction of the shell body can smoothly enter the reserved gap space. The second mold 22 is designed as a split structure, which is suitable for preparing a shell that has a shrinkage structure and cannot be demoulded from this side. It can be demoulded from the other side of the shell through the gap, making the winding tool more widely applicable.

[0033] The gap 3 described in the present application includes an arc segment and a horizontal segment from outside to inside.

[0034] The second mold 22 of the present application is formed by assembling a barrel body 23, a positioning ring 24 and a plurality of petals 25. The side wall of the barrel body 23 is cylindrical, and an annular boss 26 is provided at one end of the barrel body 23 close to the gap 3, and the other end is a contracted opening. The outer diameter of the positioning ring 24 is the same as the diameter of the annular boss 26. The positioning ring 24 is sleeved on the side wall of the barrel body 23 and axially fixed to the annular boss 26. The plurality of petals 25 fit each other and are cylindrical as a whole. They are sleeved on the side wall of the barrel body 23, axially fixed to the positioning ring 24, and radially fixed to the side wall of the barrel body 23. The outer surface shape of the petal 25 close to the positioning ring 24 is arc-shaped, and the arc is the same as the contour line shape of the inner side of the arc segment of the gap 3.

[0035] The present invention forms the outline of the gap 3 through the concave assembly surface of the first mold 21, the annular boss 26, the positioning ring 24 and the arc shape of the bottom of the side wall of the petal 25, wherein the annular boss 26 and the positioning ring 24 are used to form a horizontal section, and the bottom of the side wall of the petal 25 is used to form an arc section. The annular boss 26 and the positioning ring 24 of the horizontal section structure can be directly demolded in the axial horizontal direction. When the internal supporting barrel body 23 of the multiple petals 25 is removed along with the annular boss 26, a space that meets the demolding requirements of the petals 25 will be generated inside the shell, and then the multiple petals 25 can be removed.

[0036] The annular boss 26 described in the present application is axially provided with a plurality of screw holes 27. After the first mold 21 is removed, when the barrel body 23 is demoulded, because the positioning ring 24 is located inside and surrounded by the annular boss 26 and the petals 25 on both sides, there is no force-bearing surface, and it is impossible to directly apply force to push out the barrel body 23. Therefore, a screw hole 27 is preset on the annular boss 26 at the bottom of the barrel body 23, and a bolt is screwed in through it to press against the surface of the positioning ring 24, generating an axial thrust on the barrel body 23 to smoothly remove it.

[0037] The inner surface of the petal 25 of the present application is provided with a magnetic positioning surface 28, and the barrel body 23 is made of magnetic metal. The petal 25 and the barrel body 23 are fixed by magnetic attraction. The magnetic attraction positioning has high repeatability and is suitable for molds that need to be frequently disassembled and assembled. The mechanical fixing process is omitted, and the installation is quick.

[0038] The positioning ring 24 and the annular boss 26 described in the present application are axially fixed by bolts, and the multiple petals 25 and the positioning ring 24 are axially fixed by bolts. When demolding, the bolts between the positioning ring 24 and the annular boss 26 are first removed, and the barrel body 23 is separated from the positioning ring 24 and the multiple petals 25, and then the bolts between the positioning ring 24 and the multiple petals 25 are removed, and the positioning ring 24 and the multiple petals 25 are separated and demolded.

[0039] The core shaft 1 described in the present application is provided with different shaft diameter sections for axial positioning to perform axial fixation of the mold.

[0040] This embodiment is a method for using the above-mentioned winding mold with a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer, specifically:

[0041] S1: First, multiple components are assembled and fixed on the core shaft 1 to form a second mold 22, and then the pre-formed special-shaped rubber layer is put on the second mold 22 from the convex assembly surface of the second mold 22, and finally the first mold 21 is inserted into the core shaft 1 and assembled and fixed with the second mold 22 to form a mold body 2, so as to obtain a winding mold with a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer;

[0042] S2: preparing a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer: clamping the assembled winding mold onto a winding machine, applying adhesive to the special-shaped rubber layer on the surface of the mold body 2, and preparing a shell on the surface of the winding mold by an annular winding method and a longitudinal winding method to obtain a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer;

[0043] S3: Demolding: Remove the first mold 21 from the inside of the shell, and then remove the multiple components of the second mold 22 from the shell through the circular opening surrounded by the gap 3 to realize the demoulding of the shell.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well.

Claims

1. A winding die with a composite material shell having a special-shaped rubber layer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a core shaft (1) and a mold body (2). The mold body (2) is fixed on the core shaft (1) and is a rotating body structure. The mold body (2) is an assembled structure, comprising a first mold (21) and a second mold (22). The first mold (21) is provided with a concave assembly surface, and the second mold (22) is provided with a convex assembly surface. When the first mold (21) and the second mold (22) are assembled and fixed, the inner areas of the concave assembly surface and the convex assembly surface fit each other to complete axial positioning. The edges of the concave assembly surface and the convex assembly surface are separated from each other to form a circumferential annular gap (3) extending in the direction of the core shaft (1). The second mold (22) is a split structure formed by assembling a plurality of components. The plurality of components can be removed from the circular opening surrounded by the gap (3) respectively without interfering with the gap (3).

2. The winding die of the composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap (3) comprises an arcuate section and a horizontal section extending from the outside to the inside.

3. The winding die of the composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second mold (22) is formed by assembling a barrel body (23), a positioning ring (24) and a plurality of petals (25). The side wall of the barrel body (23) is cylindrical. An annular boss (26) is provided at one end of the barrel body (23) close to the gap (3), and the other end is a contracted opening. The outer diameter of the positioning ring (24) is the same as the diameter of the annular boss (26), and the inner diameter is the same as the diameter of the side wall of the barrel body (23). The positioning ring (24) is sleeved on the side wall of the barrel body (23) and axially fixed to the annular boss (26). The plurality of petals (25) fit each other and are cylindrical as a whole. They are sleeved on the side wall of the barrel body (23), axially fixed to the positioning ring (24), and radially fixed to the side wall of the barrel body (23). The outer surface of the petal (25) close to the positioning ring (24) is arc-shaped, and the arc is the same as the contour line shape of the inner side of the arc segment of the gap (3).

4. The winding die of the composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular boss (26) is axially provided with a plurality of top screw holes (27).

5. The winding die of the composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner surface of the petal (25) is provided with a magnetic positioning surface (28); the barrel body (23) is made of magnetic metal; the petal (25) and the barrel body (23) are fixed by magnetic attraction.

6. The winding die of the composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning ring (24) and the annular boss (26) are axially fixed by bolts, and the plurality of petals (25) and the positioning ring (24) are axially fixed by bolts.

7. The winding die of the composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core shaft (1) is provided with sections with different shaft diameters for axial positioning.

8. A method for using a winding mold for a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: S1: Installing the mold: first assembling and fixing a plurality of components on a core shaft (1) to form a second mold (22), then fitting a preformed special-shaped rubber layer onto the second mold (22) from a convex assembly surface of the second mold (22), and finally inserting the first mold (21) onto the core shaft (1) and assembling and fixing it with the second mold (22) to form a mold body (2), thereby obtaining a winding mold with a composite material shell having a special-shaped rubber layer; S2: preparing a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer: clamping the assembled winding mold onto a winding machine, applying adhesive to the special-shaped rubber layer on the surface of the mold body (2), and preparing a shell on the surface of the winding mold by an annular winding method and a longitudinal winding method to obtain a composite material shell with a special-shaped rubber layer; S3: Demolding: The first mold (21) is removed from the inside of the shell, and then the multiple components of the second mold (22) and the core shaft (1) are removed from the shell through the circular opening surrounded by the gap (3), thereby realizing the demoulding of the shell.

Images