A device and method for manual lifting emergency seawater desalination

Abstract

This invention discloses a manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device and method, relating to the field of emergency seawater desalination technology. It includes: a breathable and waterproof membrane; a desalination cylinder with mounting holes extending through its inner and outer surfaces; and a reverse osmosis membrane sealed within the mounting holes. A water inlet assembly, detachably mounted at the top opening of the desalination cylinder, is also included, and the water inlet assembly contains a reverse osmosis membrane. Seawater desalination is achieved using the natural pressure of seawater, without relying on any external energy source. In emergency situations where desalination supply is limited or interrupted, it can quickly and stably desalinate seawater to obtain fresh water. Air inside the desalination cylinder acts as a buffer zone, reducing the direct impact of water pressure generated during desalination on the reverse osmosis membrane and the breathable and waterproof membrane, protecting both membranes from damage. After desalination is complete, the remaining air inside the desalination cylinder not only prevents fresh water leakage but also provides a sealing effect, simplifying the device and eliminating the need for additional sealing structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency seawater desalination technology, and in particular to a manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device and method. Background Technology

[0002] When operating on islands or at sea, efficient access to fresh water is crucial in the face of emergencies such as natural disasters, equipment failures, or water supply disruptions. Traditional seawater desalination equipment typically relies on electricity or other complex mechanical systems, which not only increases the complexity and weight of the equipment but also makes it difficult to deploy and use quickly in emergencies, or even renders it unusable.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a seawater desalination device that is simple in structure and easy to operate is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for emergency seawater desalination using a manual lifting system, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device, comprising: a desalination cylinder, which is a cylinder with an upper opening;

[0006] A breathable and waterproof membrane is provided, wherein the desalination cylinder has mounting holes extending through its inner and outer surfaces, and the breathable and waterproof membrane is sealed within the mounting holes;

[0007] The water inlet assembly is detachably installed at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder, and the water inlet assembly has a reverse osmosis membrane.

[0008] Furthermore, the desalination cylinder has multiple mounting holes circumferentially extending through its inner and outer surfaces, and these mounting holes are evenly spaced. A first sealing strip is provided between the breathable and waterproof membrane and the mounting holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the water inlet assembly includes:

[0010] The connecting part is detachably disposed at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder, with its top end communicating with the outside and its bottom end communicating with the desalination cylinder, and the reverse osmosis membrane is disposed near the top end of the connecting part;

[0011] A screen is provided at the top of the connecting part.

[0012] Furthermore, a second sealing strip is provided at the connection between the reverse osmosis membrane and the connecting part.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting part is threadedly connected to the upper opening of the desalination cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0015] A pull rope, one end of which is connected to the desalination cylinder and / or the water inlet assembly;

[0016] A counterweight chamber is located at the bottom of the desalination cylinder and is used to place counterweights.

[0017] This invention also provides a manually lifted emergency seawater desalination method, which, using the aforementioned manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device, includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Place the manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device into the seawater and let it sink downwards;

[0019] S2: As the external seawater pressure gradually increases, the first part of the air inside the desalination tank escapes through the breathable and waterproof membrane;

[0020] S3: When the lifting emergency seawater desalination device sinks to the preset depth, the pressure difference on both sides of the reverse osmosis membrane reaches the working pressure. After the seawater is desalinated by the reverse osmosis membrane, it becomes fresh water and enters the desalination cylinder. The second part of the air inside the desalination cylinder escapes through the breathable and waterproof membrane.

[0021] S4; When the fresh water in the desalination tank reaches the preset water volume and / or after the preset desalination time, the remaining air in the desalination tank will isolate the fresh water from the reverse osmosis membrane; The other end of the lifting rope will retrieve the manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device.

[0022] S5: Remove the water inlet assembly to obtain fresh water.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] 1. This invention utilizes the natural pressure of seawater to complete seawater desalination without relying on any external energy source. The device can be placed in seawater for a period of time by human labor and then retrieved. In emergency situations where desalination supply is limited or interrupted, it can quickly and stably desalinate seawater to obtain fresh water.

[0025] 2. The desalination tank uses air as a buffer zone to reduce the direct impact of water pressure generated during seawater desalination on the reverse osmosis membrane and the breathable waterproof membrane, protecting both membranes from damage. After the desalination operation is completed, the remaining air inside the desalination tank not only prevents the overflow of fresh water, but also achieves a sealing effect, simplifying the device and eliminating the need for additional sealing structures.

[0026] 3. By utilizing the property of the breathable and waterproof membrane to selectively allow air to pass through while blocking water molecules, it facilitates air to pass through and be drawn in, which helps maintain the air pressure balance inside the container and prevents excessive air pressure from forming inside the container. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] The components include: 1. Second sealing strip; 2. Reverse osmosis membrane; 3. First sealing strip; 4. Breathable and waterproof membrane; 5. Desalination cylinder; 6. Connecting part; 7. Screen. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example

[0033] This invention provides a manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device, comprising:

[0034] Desalination cylinder 5 is a cylinder with an opening at the top;

[0035] The breathable and waterproof membrane 4 and the desalination cylinder 5 have installation holes that penetrate the inner and outer surfaces, and the breathable and waterproof membrane 4 is sealed inside the installation holes.

[0036] The water inlet assembly is detachably installed at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder 5, and the water inlet assembly has a reverse osmosis membrane 2.

[0037] In this embodiment, the desalination cylinder 5 has multiple mounting holes that extend through the inner and outer surfaces in the circumferential direction. The mounting holes are evenly spaced, and a first sealing strip 3 is provided between the breathable and waterproof membrane 4 and the mounting holes.

[0038] In this embodiment, the water inlet assembly includes:

[0039] The connecting part 6 is detachably installed at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder 5. Its top end is connected to the outside and its bottom end is connected to the desalination cylinder 5. The reverse osmosis membrane 2 is installed near the top end of the connecting part 6.

[0040] Screen 7 is located at the top of the connecting part 6.

[0041] In this embodiment, a second sealing strip 1 is provided at the connection between the reverse osmosis membrane 2 and the connecting part 6.

[0042] In this embodiment, the connecting part 6 is threadedly connected to the upper opening of the desalination cylinder 5.

[0043] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0044] The pull rope is connected at one end to the desalination cylinder 5 and / or the water inlet assembly, and the other end is fixed manually. The pull rope should be made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength material to avoid breakage during lowering and retraction.

[0045] A counterweight chamber, located at the bottom of desalination tank 5, is used to house counterweights. The counterweight chamber has a sealable, openable door. When it is necessary to submerge the equipment in seawater to obtain fresh water, the counterweight chamber can be opened, and natural counterweights such as stones can be placed inside. This facilitates daily storage and transport, reducing the weight of the equipment. For safety reasons, iron blocks or other counterweights can also be placed in the counterweight chamber beforehand. The weight of the counterweights should ensure that the entire device can sink to a sufficient depth in seawater.

[0046] This invention also provides a manual lifting emergency seawater desalination method, which, using the aforementioned manual lifting emergency seawater desalination device, includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: Connect the connecting part 6 to the cylinder, check the overall sealing of the equipment, and place the manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device into the seawater. Due to the influence of the counterweight chamber, the device quickly sinks downward.

[0048] S2: As the settling depth gradually increases, the seawater pressure outside the device gradually increases. The high-pressure environment outside causes the atmospheric pressure air inside the container to escape, and the escape speed gradually slows down as the pressure increases. The first part of the air inside the desalination cylinder 5 escapes through the breathable and waterproof membrane 4.

[0049] S3: When the pressure difference across the reverse osmosis membrane reaches the minimum working pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane, the reverse osmosis membrane starts to work. When the lift-type emergency seawater desalination device sinks to the preset depth, the pressure difference across the reverse osmosis membrane reaches the working pressure. Seawater is desalinated by the reverse osmosis membrane 2 to form fresh water and enters the desalination cylinder 5. During the process, the second part of the air inside the desalination cylinder 5 continuously escapes through the breathable and waterproof membrane 4. When the fresh water level rises above the breathable and waterproof membrane 4, the air escape stops. The remaining air in the desalination cylinder 5 is continuously compressed as the fresh water level rises, and the air pressure inside the container slowly increases.

[0050] S4; When the fresh water in the desalination tank 5 reaches the preset water volume and / or after the preset desalination time, the remaining air in the desalination tank 5 has been compressed to form high-pressure air. The high-pressure air isolates the fresh water in the desalination tank 5 from the reverse osmosis membrane 2, so that the fresh water cannot diffuse into the seawater through the reverse osmosis membrane 2; The other end of the lifting rope is used to retrieve the manual lifting emergency seawater desalination device.

[0051] S5: Separate the connecting part 6 from the desalination cylinder 5 to obtain fresh water.

[0052] Experimental Example

[0053] Experimental conditions:

[0054]

[0055] The selected reverse osmosis membrane 2 is the E-MEMSW reverse osmosis membrane 2, and its relevant parameters are as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In the table, GDF refers to water production per square foot per day.

[0058] The selected breathable and waterproof membrane 4 is a typical industrial-grade ePTFE composite membrane, and its relevant parameters are as follows:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] In the table, k0 is the permeability coefficient at 20 bar, P c The critical pressure is 20 bar.

[0062] According to WHO recommendations, the minimum daily water consumption per person is 20L. Assuming a daily water consumption of 25L per person, and considering only the fresh water produced while working at a depth of 550m, ignoring the influence of air on the preparation process, the above-mentioned device can produce 25L of fresh water in approximately 6 minutes.

[0063] If we consider the impact of residual gas in the container on the desalination process during operation, air escapes through the breathable waterproof membrane 4 during settling. At a water depth of 200m (approximately 20 bar), the escape rate is approximately 5.6 L / h. As the pressure increases, the escape rate gradually decreases, dropping to 5.39 L / h at 550m (approximately 55 bar). Although the rate doesn't change significantly, the air permeability per unit pressure decreases from 10 L / (m²·h·bar) to 3.5 L / (m²·h·bar), a significant reduction. In fact, to prevent excessive residual air from slowing down the desalination rate, we can allow the desalination process to continue for a longer period in the low-pressure zone.

[0064] In summary, the device disclosed in this embodiment can rapidly produce fresh water with a reasonable amount of air escaping, making it feasible. In practical use, the size of the container can be adjusted according to water demand.

[0065] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0066] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manually operated emergency seawater desalination device, characterized in that, include: The desalination tube (5) is a tube with an opening at the top; A breathable and waterproof membrane (4) is provided, and the desalination cylinder (5) has an installation hole through its inner and outer surfaces. The breathable and waterproof membrane (4) is sealed in the installation hole. The water inlet assembly is detachably installed at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder (5), and the water inlet assembly has a reverse osmosis membrane (2). The desalination cylinder (5) has multiple mounting holes that extend through its inner and outer surfaces in the circumferential direction. The mounting holes are evenly spaced apart, and a first sealing strip (3) is provided between the breathable and waterproof membrane (4) and the mounting holes. The water inlet assembly includes: The connecting part (6) is detachably disposed at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder (5), with its top end communicating with the outside and its bottom end communicating with the desalination cylinder (5). The reverse osmosis membrane (2) is disposed near the top end of the connecting part (6). A screen (7) is disposed at the top of the connecting part (6); A second sealing strip (1) is provided at the connection between the reverse osmosis membrane (2) and the connecting part (6); The connecting part (6) is threadedly connected to the upper opening of the desalination cylinder (5); Also includes: A pull rope, one end of which is connected to the desalination cylinder (5) and / or the water inlet assembly; The counterweight chamber is located at the bottom of the desalination cylinder (5) and is used to place counterweights.

2. A manual-lift emergency seawater desalination method, characterized in that, The device for manual lifting emergency seawater desalination as described in claim 1 includes the following steps: S1: Place the manually lifted emergency seawater desalination device into the seawater and let it sink downwards; S2: As the external seawater pressure gradually increases, the first part of the air inside the desalination cylinder (5) escapes through the breathable waterproof membrane (4); S3: When the lifting emergency seawater desalination device sinks to the preset depth, the pressure difference on both sides of the reverse osmosis membrane reaches the working pressure. After the seawater is desalinated by the reverse osmosis membrane (2), it becomes fresh water and enters the desalination cylinder (5). The second part of the air inside the desalination cylinder (5) escapes through the breathable and waterproof membrane (4). S4; When the fresh water in the desalination cylinder (5) reaches the preset water volume and / or after the preset desalination time, the remaining air in the desalination cylinder (5) will isolate the fresh water from the reverse osmosis membrane (2); The other end of the lifting rope will be used to retrieve the manual lifting emergency seawater desalination device. S5: Remove the water inlet assembly to obtain fresh water.

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