An intelligent oxygenation system and method for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

The application provides an intelligent oxygenation system and method for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things, which comprises an oxygenation pipeline device, the oxygenation pipeline device comprises a first sensor assembly and an actuator assembly, the first sensor assembly constitutes a monitoring module for collecting key parameters of gas in the oxygenation pipeline in real time, the monitoring module further comprises a second sensor assembly for collecting key parameters of water, the first sensor assembly, the actuator assembly and the second sensor assembly are all connected with an Internet of Things controller, and the Internet of Things controller is further connected with a terminal module through a cloud platform; the application has the advantages that the application combines Internet of Things control, edge computing, real-time detection and intelligent adjustment functions, realizes accurate control of the dissolved oxygen content in the aquaculture process, and thus guarantees the stability of the aquaculture environment; and the application further realizes intelligent management, improves the operation efficiency of the oxygenation equipment, reduces energy consumption, and ensures the healthy environment of the water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and in particular to an intelligent oxygenation system and method for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] To increase aquatic production, oxygenation equipment is usually used to oxygenate the water. Aquaculture operators rely on their experience to increase the oxygen required by farmed organisms by periodically aerating or continuously aerating at high power throughout the day. Existing aquatic oxygenation equipment directly aerates the water to increase its activity. These oxygenation devices include water pump aerators, impeller aerators, and waterwheel aerators.

[0003] However, existing aeration equipment is bulky, has poor aeration accuracy, and low level of intelligence. Aquaculture farmers need to regularly check the dissolved oxygen content in the water and walk to the corresponding control box to start the aerator to meet the oxygenation needs, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient. These aeration devices often require a large amount of electricity, especially in large-scale aquaculture farms, and long-term operation leads to high energy costs. During operation, they generate noise and water vibration, which may cause stress to fish or other aquatic organisms in the aquaculture water, affecting their growth and reproduction. Furthermore, the aforementioned aeration equipment involves multiple moving mechanical parts, which are easily damaged by impurities, silt, algae, etc. in the water, increasing the maintenance and replacement costs of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent aeration system and method for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things, which solves the problems of low monitoring efficiency, high energy consumption, high noise, and high maintenance cost of existing aquaculture aeration equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An IoT-based intelligent aeration system for aquaculture includes an aeration pipeline device installed in a protective box. The aeration pipeline device includes a first sensor component and an actuator component. The first sensor component constitutes a monitoring module for real-time acquisition of key parameters of the gas in the aeration pipeline. The monitoring module also includes a second sensor component for acquiring key parameters of the water body. The first sensor component, actuator component, and second sensor component are all connected to an IoT controller. The IoT controller is used to precisely control the gas flow in the aeration pipeline based on the key parameters of the gas and the key parameters of the water body monitored in real time by the monitoring module, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen level in the water body is within a reasonable range. The IoT controller is also connected to a terminal module through a cloud platform.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygenation pipeline device includes a first layer of oxygenation pipeline and a second layer of oxygenation pipeline connected to each other. The oxygenation pipeline device also includes a float flow meter, and the first layer of oxygenation pipeline and the second layer of oxygenation pipeline are connected by the float flow meter.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first layer of oxygenation pipeline includes a first oxygenation pipe, on which are sequentially provided a first ball valve for controlling the gas flow in the oxygenation pipeline, a first solenoid valve for automatically controlling the gas flow via electrical signals, a pressure gauge for displaying the gas pressure in the oxygenation pipeline, a first temperature and pressure transmitter for measuring the gas temperature and pressure in the first oxygenation pipe, a pressure reducing valve for adjusting the gas pressure in the pressurization pipeline, an electric proportional regulating valve for automatically controlling the gas flow via electrical signals, and a mass flow controller for measuring the gas flow rate in the oxygenation pipeline. The port of the first oxygenation pipe closest to the first ball valve is the air inlet, which is connected to an external gas supply source via a flexible hose. The port of the first oxygenation pipe closest to the mass flow controller is connected to the float flow meter.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second layer of oxygenation pipeline includes a second oxygenation pipe. The second oxygenation pipe is sequentially provided with a second integrated temperature and pressure transmitter for measuring the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the second oxygenation pipe, a third oxygenation pipe for gas outflow, and a second solenoid valve for automatically controlling the gas flow through an electrical signal. The port of the second oxygenation pipe closest to the second integrated temperature and pressure transmitter is connected to the float flowmeter, and the port of the second oxygenation pipe closest to the second solenoid valve is connected to a fourth oxygenation pipe. The third oxygenation pipe is provided with a second ball valve for controlling the gas flow inside the third oxygenation pipe, and the port of the third oxygenation pipe furthest from the second oxygenation pipe is a first gas outlet.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fourth oxygenation pipe is a three-way pipe fitting, the port of the fourth oxygenation pipe near the second solenoid valve is the second air outlet, the port of the fourth oxygenation pipe away from the second solenoid valve is connected to the first oxygenation pipe and located between the air inlet and the first ball valve, and the fourth oxygenation pipe is provided with a third ball valve for controlling the gas flow between the first oxygenation pipe and the second air outlet.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure gauge, the first integrated temperature and pressure transmitter, the mass flow controller, the float flow meter, and the second integrated temperature and pressure transmitter constitute the first sensor assembly; the first solenoid valve, the pressure reducing valve, the electric proportional regulating valve, and the second solenoid valve constitute the actuator assembly; and the second sensor assembly includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, and a temperature sensor disposed in the water body, wherein the dissolved oxygen sensor, the pH sensor, and the temperature sensor are all connected to the Internet of Things controller.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the Internet of Things controller has edge computing function and is equipped with a PID control algorithm. The PID control algorithm calculates the dissolved oxygen content of the water body collected by the monitoring module and automatically adjusts the opening of the electric proportional regulating valve (12) when the dissolved oxygen level of the water body changes, so as to ensure that the oxygen in the water body is kept within a suitable range.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cloud platform is used to store a large amount of historical operating data and to comprehensively analyze and optimize the operating mode of the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture through big data analysis technology. The cloud platform also supports remote management, and users can monitor and adjust the configuration of the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture in real time through the terminal module.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the terminal module includes an on-site industrial control screen terminal and a mobile phone terminal. The on-site industrial control screen terminal adopts a graphical display method to display various monitoring parameters in real time and is used for on-site personnel to monitor and operate the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture. The mobile phone terminal is also used to monitor and operate the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture.

[0015] A smart aeration method for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things (IoT), and based on the aforementioned IoT-based smart aeration system for aquaculture, includes the following steps: The first and second sensor components in the monitoring module collect key parameters of the gas and water within the aeration pipeline, and send the collected data to the IoT controller; the IoT controller receives the data sent by the monitoring module and, based on the key parameters of the gas and water within the aeration pipeline monitored in real time by the monitoring module, precisely controls the gas flow within the aeration pipeline to ensure that the dissolved oxygen level in the water remains within a reasonable range; the IoT controller sends the data collected by the monitoring module and the processing results to the terminal module via a cloud platform, and the terminal module displays the monitoring parameters in real time using a graphical display method.

[0016] As described above, the intelligent oxygenation system and method for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things (IoT) of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Precise control and efficient oxygenation: By integrating IoT technology and high-precision sensors, the present invention can monitor key parameters in the oxygen supply system in real time, and achieve precise adjustment of oxygen supply through edge computing and PID control algorithms; furthermore, the present invention can automatically adjust the oxygen supply according to the actual dissolved oxygen demand in the water, avoiding the problems of excessive or insufficient oxygen supply in traditional mechanical oxygenation equipment, thereby ensuring that the dissolved oxygen in the water is within a suitable range and improving the aquaculture effect.

[0017] 2. High degree of automation, reduced manual intervention: The IoT controller in this invention has remote monitoring and automatic adjustment functions. Operators can view the system's operating status in real time on a remote terminal and make remote adjustments as needed, eliminating the need for frequent on-site manual operations. This greatly improves the system's automation level, reduces reliance on manual intervention, and lowers the workload of operators. It significantly improves management efficiency, especially in large-scale farms or complex environments.

[0018] 3. Energy-saving and efficient: Compared with traditional mechanical aeration equipment, the intelligent control system of this invention can dynamically adjust the oxygen supply according to the real-time environment and water demand, avoiding unnecessary energy waste; this invention only starts the corresponding equipment when aeration is needed, thereby significantly reducing the energy consumption of equipment operation and optimizing energy utilization. In addition, the precise control of this invention reduces the frequent start-up and shutdown of the equipment, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces daily operation and maintenance costs.

[0019] 4. Fast system response and high security: Due to the edge computing capability of the IoT controller, this invention can process and analyze sensor data locally in real time without relying on external cloud services, thereby greatly reducing the latency of data processing and response. This design ensures that the system can quickly adjust the oxygen supply when the aquatic environment changes rapidly, preventing insufficient or excessive oxygen supply due to system lag. In addition, the localized decision-making capability also improves the system's security, especially in the case of unstable network or cloud unavailability, the system can still operate independently and reliably.

[0020] 5. Low maintenance cost and easy expansion: The modular design of this invention not only facilitates system maintenance and troubleshooting, but also makes the system's function expansion more flexible. Users can easily add or replace sensors and actuators according to specific aquaculture needs, adapting to aquaculture farms of different sizes and water quality conditions. Compared with the fixed design of traditional equipment, the scalability and compatibility of this invention are greatly improved, meeting the changing needs of future aquaculture scenarios.

[0021] 6. Data Analysis and Optimization Decisions: This invention can automatically record and analyze historical data, and dynamically optimize oxygenation strategies in conjunction with the current aquatic environment. This self-learning and self-adaptive capability enables the system to continuously improve oxygenation efficiency and make corresponding adjustments based on the oxygen demand of different seasons and different aquatic species, achieving intelligent and refined management, and further improving the production efficiency and water quality of aquaculture. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of the IoT-based intelligent oxygenation system for aquaculture disclosed in this embodiment of the invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a left frontal perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the oxygenation pipeline device in the IoT-based intelligent oxygenation system for aquaculture disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a right-side front perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the oxygenation pipeline device in the IoT-based intelligent oxygenation system for aquaculture disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a top left view of the first and second oxygenation pipes in the IoT-based intelligent oxygenation system for aquaculture disclosed in this embodiment of the invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a top-view schematic diagram of the first and second layer oxygenation pipes in the IoT-based intelligent oxygenation system for aquaculture disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the sensor components in the IoT-based intelligent aeration system for aquaculture disclosed in this embodiment of the invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of the actuator component in the IoT-based intelligent aeration system for aquaculture disclosed in this embodiment of the invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the PID control algorithm in the IoT-based intelligent oxygenation system for aquaculture disclosed in this embodiment of the invention.

[0030] Component designation explanation

[0031] 1. Protection box; 2. Float flow meter; 3. Air inlet; 4. First air outlet; 5. Second air outlet; 6. First oxygenation pipe; 7. First ball valve; 8. First solenoid valve; 9. Pressure gauge; 10. First integrated temperature and pressure transmitter; 11. Pressure reducing valve; 12. Electric proportional regulating valve; 13. Mass flow controller; 14. Second oxygenation pipe; 15. Second integrated temperature and pressure transmitter; 16. Third oxygenation pipe; 17. Second solenoid valve; 18. Second ball valve; 19. Fourth oxygenation pipe; 20. Third ball valve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides an intelligent aeration system and method for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things (IoT), including an aeration pipeline device, a monitoring module, an IoT controller, a cloud platform, and a terminal module. The aeration pipeline device includes a first sensor component and an actuator component. The first sensor component constitutes a monitoring module for real-time acquisition of key parameters of the gas inside the aeration pipeline. The monitoring module also includes a second sensor component for acquiring key parameters of the water body. The first sensor component, the actuator component, and the second sensor component are all connected to the IoT controller. The IoT controller is also connected to the terminal module through the cloud platform. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 .

[0034] Oxygenation Pipeline Device: The oxygenation pipeline is designed with the flowability and efficiency of the oxygenating gas in mind. Multiple sensors and actuators are distributed inside the pipeline to ensure real-time monitoring of gas flow. The pipeline is made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength stainless steel, suitable for the special environment of aquaculture and capable of long-term stable operation. It should be noted that the oxygenation pipeline device consists of two layers: a first layer (lower layer) and a second layer (upper layer) connected to each other. The device also includes a float flowmeter 2, which connects the first and second layers. The first layer includes a first oxygenation pipe 6, on which are sequentially installed a first ball valve 7, a first solenoid valve 8, a pressure gauge 9, a first integrated temperature and pressure transmitter 10, a pressure reducing valve 11, an electric proportional regulating valve 12, and a mass flow controller 13. The first ball valve 7 controls the gas flow throughout the entire oxygenation pipeline; the user can manually operate the first ball valve 7 to open or close it. The oxygen supply is shut off. The first solenoid valve 8 automatically controls the gas flow via electrical signals. Its function is to quickly open or close the airflow in the oxygenation pipeline when the aquaculture intelligent oxygenation system is in operation. The pressure gauge 9 allows aquaculture personnel to monitor the gas pressure in the pipeline in real time. The first integrated temperature and pressure transmitter 10 integrates temperature and pressure measurement functions and transmits this data to the IoT controller in real time. The pressure reducing valve 11 is used to regulate the gas pressure in the pressurization pipeline to ensure that downstream equipment can operate within the set safe pressure range and prevent damage to the equipment due to excessive pressure. The electric proportional regulating valve 12 accurately adjusts the valve opening by receiving electrical signals from the IoT controller. The mass flow controller 13 is responsible for measuring the gas flow rate through the pipeline in real time and feeding this data back to the IoT controller. The port of the first oxygenation pipe 6 near the first ball valve 7 is the air inlet 3. A straight-through sleeve is provided at the air inlet port, which is connected to an external air supply source via a hose. The port of the first oxygenation pipe 6 near the mass flow controller 13 is connected to the float flow meter 2.

[0035] The second-layer oxygenation pipeline includes a second oxygenation pipe 14, on which a second integrated temperature and pressure transmitter 15, a third oxygenation pipe 16, and a second solenoid valve 17 are sequentially mounted. The port of the second oxygenation pipe 14 closest to the second integrated temperature and pressure transmitter 15 is connected to a float flowmeter 2, and the port of the second oxygenation pipe 14 closest to the second solenoid valve 17 is connected to a fourth oxygenation pipe 19. The third oxygenation pipe 16 is equipped with a second ball valve 18, and the port of the third oxygenation pipe 16 furthest from the second oxygenation pipe 14 is the first air outlet 4. In practical applications, the second ball valve 18 is connected to a right-angle elbow, which is connected to a straight-through fitting, and the straight-through fitting is connected to a flexible hose as the first air outlet. The fourth oxygenation pipe 19 is a tee fitting. The fourth oxygenation pipe 19 is located near the second solenoid valve 17. The port of solenoid valve 17 is the second air outlet 5. In practical applications, the tee fitting 20 connects to a straight-through ferrule, which in turn connects to a flexible hose used as the second air outlet port. The port of the fourth oxygenation pipe 19 furthest from the second solenoid valve 17 connects to the first oxygenation pipe 6 and is located between the air inlet 3 and the first ball valve 7. The fourth oxygenation pipe 19 is equipped with a third ball valve 20 for controlling the gas flow between the first oxygenation pipe 6 and the second air outlet 5. It should be noted that there are two air outlet ports. When the second solenoid valve 17 malfunctions, the second ball valve 18 should be opened to ensure the normal operation of the oxygenation pipe's air outlet port. Also, when a fault occurs in the lower-level pipe, the pipe can be switched by closing the first ball valve 7 and opening the third ball valve 20 to ensure the continuous normal operation of the system. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation] for details. Figures 2 to 5 .

[0036] Monitoring Module: The monitoring module is responsible for real-time monitoring of key parameters within the aeration pipeline, such as gas flow rate, gas pressure, and temperature. It acquires this data through sensors and feeds it back to the IoT controller in real time. The monitoring module is equipped with multiple high-precision sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and mass flow meters. Combined with adjustment commands from the IoT controller, it adjusts the opening of the electric proportional regulating valve 12 to precisely control the dissolved oxygen level in the water. It can also dynamically adjust the aeration equipment based on changes in dissolved oxygen levels. The monitoring module is responsible for real-time acquisition of key parameters from the aeration pipeline and transmitting the data to the IoT controller, ensuring the system's automation and precise control. The design of the monitoring module includes sensor selection, signal processing, data transmission, and interface design. In terms of aspects, the monitoring module of this invention mainly includes a pressure gauge 9, a first integrated temperature and pressure transmitter 10, a mass flow controller 13, a float flow meter 2, a second integrated temperature and pressure transmitter 15, a dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, and a temperature sensor. Measurement data from all sensors are transmitted to an IoT controller via standard communication interfaces, such as 4-20mA or RS485. The IoT controller processes and filters the collected data in real time to eliminate data noise caused by environmental factors or sensor errors, ensuring the accuracy of control decisions. Furthermore, the IoT controller, combined with a highly efficient PID control algorithm, uses the processed data as input to an electric proportional control valve 12 to ensure that the dissolved oxygen level in the water is always maintained within the set target range. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 ;

[0037] In terms of data transmission, the monitoring module is designed with both wired and wireless communication methods to adapt to different application scenarios. The wired communication uses an RS485 bus based on the Modbus RTU protocol, which has long-distance transmission and anti-interference capabilities. The wireless communication uses ZigBee low-power transmission technology to meet the data transmission requirements in remote monitoring scenarios. This dual communication design improves the system's flexibility, allowing users to obtain real-time data in multiple ways for remote monitoring and management.

[0038] The IoT controller is the core component of the system, possessing edge computing capabilities to process data from the oxygenation pipeline in real time and make intelligent decisions. The IoT controller can collect and analyze data from sensors and actuators, perform local calculations, and control the oxygenation equipment without relying on the cloud. It should be noted that the first solenoid valve 8, pressure reducing valve 11, electric proportional regulating valve 12, and second solenoid valve 17 constitute the actuator assembly. The IoT controller precisely controls the gas flow within the oxygenation pipeline based on real-time monitoring of key parameters (such as gas flow rate, temperature, and pressure) to ensure the dissolved oxygen level in the water remains within a reasonable range. The IoT controller can quickly respond to environmental changes, ensuring accurate oxygen supply, and optimizes the oxygenation strategy through intelligent algorithms to improve system efficiency. Specifically, the PID control algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the opening of the electric proportional regulating valve 12 within the oxygenation pipeline to achieve precise control of the oxygen supply. The control process is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the PID control algorithm calculates the dissolved oxygen content of the collected water body and automatically adjusts the opening of the electric proportional regulating valve 12 when the dissolved oxygen level changes, ensuring that the oxygen in the water body is kept within a suitable range. PID control can quickly respond to external disturbances and adjust the system output in real time to avoid insufficient or excessive oxygen supply.

[0039] Cloud Platform: This invention employs a localized control strategy. The IoT controller possesses edge computing capabilities, enabling automated control without relying on the cloud. Simultaneously, the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture is integrated with the cloud platform, achieving a collaborative mechanism for data storage, remote monitoring, and system optimization. The cloud platform stores a large amount of historical operational data and uses big data analytics to comprehensively analyze and optimize the system's operating modes. Based on these analyses, the system can further improve the accuracy of its aeration strategy and optimize operational efficiency. Furthermore, the cloud platform supports remote management, allowing users to monitor and adjust the aeration system in real time via on-site industrial control displays or mobile devices. This cloud-based collaborative optimization not only improves system operating efficiency but also facilitates remote management and expansion. To achieve efficient collaboration with the cloud on top of localized control, this invention uses an IoT controller as the core control unit, integrating cloud data storage and optimization analysis functions. The IoT controller possesses edge computing capabilities... The system can complete data acquisition, real-time analysis, and control decisions locally, independent of the network environment. Through preset control strategies, the controller automatically issues control signals when it detects equipment malfunctions or parameters exceeding thresholds, adjusting the operating status of relevant equipment. The controller has local storage capabilities, saving short-term historical data locally for backup and system recovery in case of network instability. The system also stores long-term operational data, including environmental parameters, equipment status, and control records, through a cloud platform. The cloud platform utilizes data analysis technology to deeply analyze operational patterns in aquaculture, providing data support for optimizing oxygenation strategies. Based on the results of cloud analysis, the system can dynamically adjust control strategies, such as optimizing oxygenation strategies according to seasonal changes, environmental conditions, and fish population needs. The cloud-based optimization strategies are periodically pushed to the local controller, achieving intelligent enhancement of localized control. Encrypted communication protocols are used during data upload to the cloud and distribution to the controller to ensure data transmission security.

[0040] Terminal Module: The terminal module is used for managing and real-time monitoring of the aeration system, and includes two terminals: an on-site industrial control screen and a mobile APP. The on-site industrial control screen is equipped with an intuitive graphical interface and is installed at the aquaculture site, allowing on-site personnel to directly monitor and control the system. Through the industrial control screen, users can view the equipment's operating status in real time, perform operations such as starting, stopping, adjusting solenoid valves, and regulating dissolved oxygen in the water, ensuring the efficient operation of the aeration system. Furthermore, the on-site industrial control screen uses an industrial-grade touchscreen display, which is durable and waterproof, suitable for use in harsh environments such as aquaculture. The industrial control screen interface is intuitively designed, using a graphical display method to show various monitoring parameters in real time, including dissolved oxygen, temperature, pressure, and flow rate. Users can interact with the system via the touchscreen. The on-site industrial control panel allows users to directly operate the system, including starting, stopping, adjusting the on / off state of solenoid valves, setting dissolved oxygen target values, and instantly displaying feedback information for executed operations, such as prompts for successful operation or fault alarms. The mobile APP provides convenient control anytime, anywhere, enabling remote management and monitoring. The mobile APP supports remote access and connects to the IoT controller via wireless network. Users can monitor and manage the system anytime, anywhere. The APP has an abnormal status push function; when equipment malfunctions or operating parameters exceed the set range, the system will notify the user via push notification.

[0041] Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing mechanical oxygenation equipment (such as water pump aerators, impeller aerators, and waterwheel aerators) in terms of inaccurate oxygen supply, high energy consumption, and high maintenance costs by integrating Internet of Things technology and edge computing capabilities. It also achieves high efficiency and energy saving through intelligent control and precise adjustment.

[0042] Firstly, traditional mechanical aeration equipment typically operates in a fixed mode, unable to flexibly adjust according to changes in oxygen demand in the water, often resulting in excessive or insufficient oxygen supply. For example, while pump-type aerators can quickly transport water, they lack real-time feedback adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to precisely control oxygen supply and causing energy waste. Impeller and paddlewheel aerators, although improving dissolved oxygen distribution in water, also lack monitoring and feedback on the actual dissolved oxygen level, easily leading to excessive or insufficient oxygen supply, thus affecting aquaculture efficiency and water quality. To address these shortcomings, the technical solution of this invention employs a high-precision sensor monitoring module to collect key parameters such as gas flow rate, pressure, and temperature in the water oxygen supply system in real time. Utilizing the edge computing capabilities of an IoT controller, combined with a PID control algorithm, this real-time data is analyzed and processed. Through automatic adjustment of actuators in the system, such as the electric proportional regulating valve 12 and the pressure reducing valve 11, the system can precisely adjust the oxygen flow rate and pressure according to the actual needs of the water, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen level remains within a suitable range, thereby effectively avoiding the problems of inaccurate oxygen supply and excessive oxygen supply found in traditional mechanical aeration equipment.

[0043] Furthermore, traditional mechanical aeration equipment is not energy efficient, typically requiring continuous high-power operation to maintain the aeration effect, increasing operating costs. In contrast, this invention, through an intelligent control system, can dynamically adjust according to changes in the aquatic environment, increasing oxygen supply only when needed and reducing unnecessary energy consumption. This not only improves the system's energy efficiency but also extends the equipment's lifespan and reduces daily maintenance and replacement costs.

[0044] On the other hand, traditional aeration equipment often requires a lot of human intervention to adjust equipment parameters at the aquaculture site, such as manually adjusting valves and frequently checking equipment operation. This is especially difficult to operate and slow to respond when environmental conditions are complex. The IoT controller of this invention has remote monitoring and automatic adjustment functions. It can realize remote management of the system through wireless communication. The system can automatically adjust the operating parameters of the aeration equipment according to the real-time data fed back by the sensors, without the need for human intervention, which greatly improves the level of automation in the aquaculture process.

[0045] In summary, this invention achieves precise control of dissolved oxygen levels during aquaculture by organically combining high-precision monitoring, edge computing, and intelligent control technologies, thereby ensuring the stability of the aquaculture environment. Through intelligent management, this invention improves the operating efficiency of aeration equipment, reduces energy consumption, and ensures a healthy aquatic environment. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional mechanical aeration equipment in terms of control precision, energy efficiency management, and maintenance difficulty, providing a more efficient, energy-saving, and automated aquaculture aeration system that effectively enhances the stability of the aquatic environment and the production efficiency of aquaculture.

[0046] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this invention should still be covered by the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent aeration system for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: The device includes an oxygenation pipeline installed in a protective box (1). The oxygenation pipeline includes a first sensor assembly and an actuator assembly. The first sensor assembly constitutes a monitoring module for real-time acquisition of key parameters of the gas in the oxygenation pipeline. The monitoring module also includes a second sensor assembly for acquiring key parameters of the water body. The first sensor assembly, the actuator assembly, and the second sensor assembly are all connected to an Internet of Things (IoT) controller. The IoT controller is used to precisely control the gas flow in the oxygenation pipeline based on the key parameters of the gas in the oxygenation pipeline and the key parameters of the water body monitored in real time by the monitoring module, so as to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content of the water body is within a reasonable range. The IoT controller is also connected to a terminal module through a cloud platform. The oxygenation pipeline device includes a first layer of oxygenation pipeline and a second layer of oxygenation pipeline connected to each other. The oxygenation pipeline device also includes a float flow meter (2). The first layer of oxygenation pipeline and the second layer of oxygenation pipeline are also connected by the float flow meter (2). The first layer of oxygenation pipeline includes a first oxygenation pipe (6), on which are sequentially provided a first ball valve (7) for controlling the gas flow in the oxygenation pipeline, a first solenoid valve (8) for automatically controlling the gas flow through an electrical signal, a pressure gauge (9) for displaying the gas pressure in the oxygenation pipeline, a first temperature and pressure integrated transmitter (10) for measuring the gas temperature and pressure in the first oxygenation pipe (6), a pressure reducing valve (11) for adjusting the gas pressure in the pressurization pipeline, an electric proportional regulating valve (12) for automatically controlling the gas flow through an electrical signal, and a mass flow controller (13) for measuring the gas flow rate in the oxygenation pipeline. The port of the first oxygenation pipe (6) closest to the first ball valve (7) is the air inlet (3), which is connected to an external gas supply source through a hose. The port of the first oxygenation pipe (6) closest to the mass flow controller (13) is connected to the float flow meter (2). The second layer of oxygenation pipeline includes a second oxygenation pipe (14). The second oxygenation pipe (14) is provided with a second temperature and pressure integrated transmitter (15) for measuring the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the second oxygenation pipe (14), a third oxygenation pipe (16) for gas outflow, and a second solenoid valve (17) for automatically controlling the gas flow through an electrical signal. The port of the second oxygenation pipe (14) closest to the second temperature and pressure integrated transmitter (15) is connected to the float flowmeter (2). The port of the second oxygenation pipe (14) closest to the second solenoid valve (17) is connected to a fourth oxygenation pipe (19). The third oxygenation pipe (16) is provided with a second ball valve (18) for controlling the gas flow inside the third oxygenation pipe (16). The port of the third oxygenation pipe (16) furthest from the second oxygenation pipe (14) is the first gas outlet (4). The fourth oxygenation pipe (19) is a three-way pipe fitting. The port of the fourth oxygenation pipe (19) closest to the second solenoid valve (17) is the second air outlet (5). The port of the fourth oxygenation pipe (19) furthest from the second solenoid valve (17) is connected to the first oxygenation pipe (6) and located between the air inlet (3) and the first ball valve (7). The fourth oxygenation pipe (19) is provided with a third ball valve (20) for controlling the gas flow between the first oxygenation pipe (6) and the second air outlet (5). The IoT controller has edge computing capabilities and is equipped with a PID control algorithm. The PID control algorithm calculates the dissolved oxygen content of the water collected by the monitoring module and automatically adjusts the opening of the electric proportional regulating valve (12) when the dissolved oxygen level of the water changes, so as to ensure that the oxygen in the water is kept within a suitable range.

2. The intelligent aeration system for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure gauge (9), the first integrated temperature and pressure transmitter (10), the mass flow controller (13), the float flow meter (2), and the second integrated temperature and pressure transmitter (15) constitute the first sensor assembly. The first solenoid valve (8), the pressure reducing valve (11), the electric proportional regulating valve (12), and the second solenoid valve (17) constitute the actuator assembly. The second sensor assembly includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, and a temperature sensor installed in the water body. The dissolved oxygen sensor, pH sensor, and temperature sensor are all connected to the Internet of Things controller.

3. The intelligent aeration system for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cloud platform is used to store a large amount of historical operating data and to comprehensively analyze and optimize the operation mode of the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture through big data analysis technology. The cloud platform also supports remote management, and users can monitor and adjust the configuration of the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture in real time through the terminal module.

4. The intelligent aeration system for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3, characterized in that: The terminal module includes an on-site industrial control screen terminal and a mobile terminal. The on-site industrial control screen terminal adopts a graphical display method to display various monitoring parameters in real time and is used by on-site personnel to monitor and operate the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture. The mobile terminal is also used to monitor and operate the intelligent aeration system for aquaculture.

5. A smart oxygenation method for aquaculture based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: The IoT-based intelligent aeration system for aquaculture based on any one of claims 1-4 includes the following steps: The first and second sensor components in the monitoring module collect key parameters of the gas and water in the oxygenation pipeline and send the collected data to the Internet of Things controller. The IoT controller receives data sent by the monitoring module and precisely controls the gas flow in the oxygenation pipe based on the key parameters of the gas and water body monitored in real time by the monitoring module, so as to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the water body is within a reasonable range. The IoT controller sends the data collected and processed by the monitoring module to the terminal module via a cloud platform. The terminal module displays the monitoring parameters in real time using a graphical display method.

Images