A feed and withdraw motion switching system for an FDM 3D printer

Abstract

The application discloses a feeding and withdrawing power switching system for an FDM 3D printer, which comprises a power assembly, a feeding gear assembly and a withdrawing gear assembly, the power assembly comprises a driving gear and a power element for driving the driving gear; the feeding gear assembly comprises a driving feeding gear, a feeding reduction gear, a first transmission shaft and a first one-way bearing, the feeding reduction gear is fixed with the first transmission shaft, and the first one-way bearing is located between the driving feeding gear and the first transmission shaft; the withdrawing gear assembly comprises a withdrawing gear, first and second stage withdrawing reduction gears, a second transmission shaft and a second one-way bearing, the first stage withdrawing reduction gear and the feeding reduction gear are engaged with the driving gear, the first stage withdrawing reduction gear is fixed with the second transmission shaft, the second one-way bearing is arranged in the opposite direction of the first one-way bearing and is located between the second stage withdrawing reduction gear and the second transmission shaft, and the system does not need to be equipped with multiple power assemblies and has the effects of simple structure, stable operation and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of printer technology, specifically relating to a switching system for the feeding and unfeeding power of an FDM 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, 3D printing, short for 3 Dimensional Printing, is a technology that uses computer-generated three-dimensional models as a basis and software-controlled layer-by-layer manufacturing to create a finished product. It is a type of additive manufacturing technology. 3D printing technology is typically implemented using digital printers. 3D printers can be used in any industry, with wide applications in medicine, construction, automotive, aerospace, and education.

[0003] FDM 3D printing technology, short for Fused Deposition Modeling, is a type of 3D printing technology. Currently, traditional desktop 3D printers typically use FDM technology, which uses pre-made plastic filaments as printing materials. These filaments are melted through a nozzle and extruded onto a heated base plate, and the model is printed by stacking the filaments.

[0004] Currently, desktop FDM 3D printers require the residual filament in the printer to be pulled back and wound onto the filament roll when printing multi-color models or changing materials during the printing process. Therefore, the filament roll needs to be equipped with power to realize the functions of feeding out and retracting the filament. In order to match the length of the filament when feeding out and retracting the filament, so that the filament roll is neatly wound when retracting the filament, multiple power sources are required, which results in high cost and large space occupation of the mechanism.

[0005] Therefore, a new technology is needed to solve the problems of complex printer structure and high cost in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a switching system for feed and unfeed power in an FDM 3D printer. This system eliminates the need for multiple power components, effectively prevents the material filament on the filament reel from becoming loose, and ensures that the power transmission of the power components is achieved through gear meshing. This system is characterized by its simple structure, stable operation, and low cost.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A switching system for feeding and unloading power in an FDM 3D printer includes a power assembly, a feeding gear assembly, and an unloading gear assembly, each mounted on the housing. The power assembly includes a drive gear and a power element, and the power element provides power for the rotation of the drive gear. The feeding gear assembly includes a drive feeding gear, a feeding reduction gear, a first drive shaft, and a first one-way bearing. The first drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the housing, and the feeding reduction gear is fixed to the first drive shaft. The drive feeding gear is mounted on the first drive shaft, and the first one-way bearing is installed between the drive feeding gear and the first drive shaft. The ejector gear assembly includes an ejector gear, a first-stage ejector reduction gear, a second-stage ejector reduction gear, a second drive shaft, and a second one-way bearing. The second drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the housing, and the first-stage ejector reduction gear is fixed to the second drive shaft. The second-stage ejector reduction gear is fitted onto the second drive shaft, and the second one-way bearing is installed between the second drive shaft and the second-stage ejector reduction gear. The ejector gear is rotatably mounted on the housing and meshes with the second-stage ejector reduction gear. The first-stage unloading reduction gear and the feeding reduction gear respectively mesh on both sides of the driving gear; The first one-way bearing and the second one-way bearing are arranged in opposite directions.

[0008] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the active feeding gear is fitted onto the outer ring of the first one-way bearing and fixed thereto, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fitted onto the first transmission shaft and fixed thereto. The second-stage unloading reduction gear is mounted on and fixed to the outer ring of the second one-way bearing, and the inner ring of the second one-way bearing is mounted on and fixed to the second drive shaft.

[0009] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, when the inner ring of the first one-way bearing rotates counterclockwise, the first one-way bearing is locked, and the active feeding gear can rotate synchronously with the first transmission shaft to realize feeding; when the inner ring of the first one-way bearing rotates clockwise, the first one-way bearing is unlocked. When the inner ring of the second one-way bearing rotates clockwise, the second one-way bearing is locked, and the second-stage unloading reduction gear can rotate synchronously with the second transmission shaft to realize unloading; when the inner ring of the second one-way bearing rotates counterclockwise, the second one-way bearing is unlocked.

[0010] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the ejector gear assembly further includes a third transmission shaft, which is rotatably mounted on the housing, and the ejector gear is fitted onto and fixed to the third transmission shaft.

[0011] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the housing includes a gearbox cover and a gearbox seat, the gearbox seat is provided with a mounting groove, and the gearbox cover is detachably fixed on the gearbox seat and used to close the opening of the mounting groove; The feeding gear assembly and the unloading gear assembly are both installed in the mounting groove. The power element and the drive gear are respectively installed on both sides of the gearbox cover, and the drive gear is located in the mounting groove. One end of each of the first drive shaft, the second drive shaft, and the third drive shaft is rotatably connected to the gearbox cover, and the other end is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0012] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a material thread position detection component for detecting the position of the material thread end. The material thread position detection component is installed in the mounting groove. The gearbox base is also provided with a material thread channel. The material thread position detection component includes a detection wheel, a swing arm, a position detection switch, and an elastic element installed on the gearbox base. The detection wheel is throttle-connected to one end of the swing arm. The position detection switch is located at the other end of the swing arm and fixed on the gearbox base. The elastic element is engaged between the swing arm and the material thread channel on the gearbox base.

[0013] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the material line head position detection component further includes a rotating shaft, and the middle part of the swing arm is fitted on the rotating shaft; When there is no material in the material channel, one end of the swing arm presses the detection wheel against the material channel under the elastic force of the elastic element. At this time, the other end of the swing arm will not be detected by the position detection switch. The other end of the swing arm is provided with a detection object that can be sensed by the position detection switch. When the material enters from above the material channel, the material is squeezed into the gap between the detection wheel and the material channel, lifting the detection wheel. The swing arm rotates around the pivot at a certain angle, and the other end of the swing arm will be detected by the position detection switch, thus indicating that there is material in the material channel.

[0014] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the position detection switch is a Hall effect detection switch, and the detection object is a magnetic object.

[0015] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the feeding gear assembly further includes a passive feeding gear, which is installed in the mounting groove, and the material line channel is located between the active feeding gear and the passive feeding gear.

[0016] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the power element is a forward and reverse reversible motor, and the driving gear is fixed on the output shaft of the motor.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The feeding and unloading power switching system for FDM 3D printers in this solution is equipped with one-way bearings between the power unit and the active feeding gear 301 and the unloading gear. By utilizing the one-way bearing's characteristic of unlocking when rotating forward and locking when rotating backward, the power transmission and unlocking between the power unit and the feeding and unloading gears can be realized. There is no need to equip multiple corresponding power units, which can effectively prevent the material on the filament reel from becoming loose. Moreover, the power transmission of the power unit is all carried out through gear meshing, which has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The technology of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is an isometric view of the mounting structure of the feed gear assembly and the feed line head position detection assembly relative to the gearbox cover; Figure 7 This is another isometric view of the mounting structure of the feed gear assembly and the material line head position detection assembly relative to the gearbox cover; Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the mounting structure of the material line head position detection component of the present invention on the gearbox housing; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the material line head position detection component of the present invention on the gearbox base; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in use.

[0019] Figure label: 1-House; 101-Gearbox cover; 102-Gearbox base; 2-Power assembly; 201-Power element; 202-Drive gear; 3-Feed gear assembly; 301-Driving feed gear; 302-Passive feed gear; 303-Feed reduction gear; 304-First drive shaft; 305-First one-way bearing; 4- Unloading gear assembly; 401- Unloading gear; 402- First stage unloading reduction gear; 403- Second stage unloading reduction gear; 404- Second one-way bearing; 405- Second drive shaft; 406- Third drive shaft; 5-Line head position detection assembly; 501-Detection wheel; 502-Swing arm; 503-Position detection switch; 504-Elastic element; 505-Rotating shaft; 6-Material line channel; 7-Filling reel. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, solution, and effects of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The same reference numerals used throughout the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar parts.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of "up," "down," "left," and "right" used in this invention are only relative to the relative positional relationships of the various components of the invention in the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 10 A switching system for the feed and ejection power of an FDM 3D printer includes a housing 1 and a power assembly 2, a feed gear assembly 3, and an ejection gear assembly 4 mounted on the housing 1. The power assembly 2 includes a drive gear 202 and a power element 201, the power element 201 providing power for the rotation of the drive gear 202. The feed gear assembly 3 and the ejection gear assembly 4 are located on opposite sides of the drive gear 202. The feed gear assembly 3 includes a drive feed gear 301, a feed reduction gear 303, a first drive shaft 304, and a first one-way bearing 305. The first drive shaft 304 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1, the drive feed gear 301 is fitted onto the first drive shaft 304, and the first one-way bearing 305 is installed between the drive feed gear 301 and the first drive shaft 304.

[0023] The first drive shaft 304 is connected to the drive gear 202. The drive feed gear 301 is mounted on and fixed to the outer ring of the first one-way bearing 305. The inner ring of the first one-way bearing 305 is mounted on and fixed to the first drive shaft 304. The feed reduction gear 303 is fixed to the first drive shaft 304 and can rotate synchronously. The drive feed gear 301 and the feed reduction gear 303 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the first drive shaft 304, and the rotation of the two gears will not interfere with each other.

[0024] The ejector gear assembly 4 includes an ejector gear 401, a first-stage ejector reduction gear 402, a second-stage ejector reduction gear 403, a second drive shaft 405, a second one-way bearing 404, and a third drive shaft 406. The second drive shaft 405 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1. The second-stage ejector reduction gear 403 is fitted onto the second drive shaft 405. The second one-way bearing 404 is installed between the second drive shaft 405 and the second-stage ejector reduction gear 403. The ejector gear 401 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1 and meshes with the second-stage ejector reduction gear 403.

[0025] In this configuration, the first-stage unloading reduction gear 402 is mounted on and fixed to the second drive shaft 405; the second-stage unloading reduction gear 403 is mounted on and fixed to the outer ring of the second one-way bearing 404; the inner ring of the second one-way bearing 404 is mounted on and fixed to the second drive shaft 405; the unloading gear 401 is fixed to and coaxially arranged with the third drive shaft 406; the unloading gear 401 meshes with the second-stage unloading reduction gear 403; the third drive shaft 406 is located above the second drive shaft 405; the third drive shaft 406 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1; and the unloading gear 401 is mounted on and fixed to the third drive shaft 406. The first-stage unloading reduction gear 402 and the feeding reduction gear 303 are located on both sides of the driving gear 202 and are meshed with the driving gear 202 for transmission. The first one-way bearing 305 and the second one-way bearing 404 are arranged in opposite directions.

[0026] The ejector gear assembly 4 consists of an ejector gear 401 and an ejector reduction gear module. The ejector reduction gear module contains at least two sets of reduction gears, namely a first-stage ejector reduction gear 402 and a second-stage ejector reduction gear 403. When the ejector reduction gear module contains three sets of reduction gears, namely a first-stage ejector reduction gear 402, a second-stage ejector reduction gear 403, and a third-stage ejector reduction gear, the third-stage ejector reduction gear can be set according to the actual situation. The same principle applies when the ejector reduction gear module contains more than three sets of reduction gears.

[0027] This solution's power switching system for the feed and ejection of materials in an FDM 3D printer incorporates one-way bearings between the power unit 2 and the active feed gear 301 and ejection gear 401. Utilizing the one-way bearing's forward rotation unlocking and reverse rotation locking characteristic, power transmission and unlocking between the power unit 2 and the feed and ejection gears 401 are achieved. This eliminates the need for multiple corresponding power units 2, and the power transmission of the power units 2 is entirely through gear meshing, resulting in a simple structure, stable operation, and low cost. It also effectively prevents the material thread on the filament reel 7 from becoming loose, and the power transmission of the power units is entirely through gear meshing, resulting in a simple structure, stable operation, and low cost.

[0028] Specifically, the first one-way bearing 305 is arranged in the forward direction. When the inner ring of the first one-way bearing 305 rotates clockwise, the first one-way bearing 305 is unlocked and functions as a bearing, but cannot transmit power. When the inner ring of the first one-way bearing 305 rotates counterclockwise, the first one-way bearing 305 is locked. The active feeding gear 301 can rotate synchronously with the first transmission shaft 304, and can transmit power to the active feeding gear 301. The rotation of the active feeding gear 301 can realize feeding. The active feeding gear can rotate synchronously with the first transmission shaft to realize feeding.

[0029] Specifically, regarding the feeding method, when feeding is required, the power element 201 is activated to drive the drive gear 202 to rotate clockwise, that is, the drive gear 202 rotates clockwise, the feeding reduction gear 303 rotates counterclockwise, driving the first transmission shaft 304 to rotate counterclockwise, and the inner ring of the first one-way bearing 305 to rotate counterclockwise. The first one-way bearing 305 is locked, and power is transmitted to the drive feeding gear 301 to realize the feeding function. At the same time, the first-stage unloading reduction gear 402 rotates counterclockwise, driving the second transmission shaft 405 to rotate counterclockwise, and the inner ring of the second one-way bearing 404 to rotate counterclockwise. The second one-way bearing 404 is unlocked, and the inner ring of the second one-way bearing 404 rotates counterclockwise, while the outer ring remains relatively stationary due to the resistance of the second-stage unloading reduction gear 403 and other subsequent gears. That is, at this time, the second-stage unloading reduction gear 403 and other subsequent gears can restrict the rotation of the outer ring of the second one-way bearing 404, and power is not transmitted to the unloading gear 401.

[0030] Specifically, the second one-way bearing 404 is arranged in reverse. When the inner ring of the second one-way bearing 404 rotates clockwise, the second one-way bearing 404 is locked, allowing power transmission. The second-stage ejection reduction gear 403 can rotate synchronously with the second transmission shaft 405. The second-stage ejection reduction gear 403 drives the ejection gear 401 to rotate, and the rotation of the ejection gear 401 achieves material ejection. The method of achieving material ejection by the rotation of the ejection gear 401 can be a conventional setting or set according to actual conditions. When the inner ring of the second one-way bearing 404 rotates counterclockwise, the second one-way bearing 404 is unlocked, functioning as a bearing and unable to transmit power.

[0031] Specifically, the feeding gear assembly 3 also includes a passive feeding gear 302 that meshes with the active feeding gear 301. For the unloading method, when unloading is required, the power element 201 is activated to drive the active gear 202 to rotate in the opposite direction, that is, the active gear 202 rotates counterclockwise, the first-stage unloading reduction gear 402 rotates clockwise, driving the second transmission shaft 405 to rotate clockwise, the inner ring of the second one-way bearing 404 rotates clockwise, the second one-way bearing 404 is locked, and the power is transmitted to the second-stage unloading reduction gear 403, which then transmits the power to the unloading gear 401 to realize the unloading function. Simultaneously, the feed reduction gear 303 rotates clockwise, causing the first transmission shaft 304 to rotate clockwise, the inner ring of the first one-way bearing 305 to rotate clockwise, the first one-way bearing 305 to unlock, the inner ring of the first one-way bearing 305 to rotate clockwise, and the outer ring to remain relatively stationary under the resistance of the passive feed gear 302. That is, at this time, the passive feed gear 302 can restrict the rotation of the outer ring of the first one-way bearing 305, and the power will not be transmitted to the active feed gear 301.

[0032] Specifically, the active feed gear 301 and the feed reduction gear 303 are coaxially arranged and their axes are located on a first axis; the first-stage ejection reduction gear 402 and the second-stage ejection reduction gear 403 are coaxially arranged and located on a second axis; the ejection gear 401 has a third axis. The first axis, the second axis, and the third axis are parallel to each other and spaced apart.

[0033] Specifically, the power element 201 is preferably a motor, and the drive gear 202 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor. The motor can drive its output shaft to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. The motor is preferably a reversible motor.

[0034] Specifically, the feeding and unloading power switching system for the FDM 3D printer in this solution also includes a housing 1. The housing 1 includes a gearbox cover 101 and a gearbox base 102. The gearbox base 102 is provided with a mounting groove. The gearbox cover 101 is detachably fixed to the gearbox base 102 and is used to close the opening of the mounting groove. The feeding gear assembly 3 and the unloading gear assembly 4 are both installed in the mounting groove. The power element 201 is installed on the side of the gearbox cover 101 away from the gearbox base 102. The drive gear 202 is installed in the mounting groove. The power element 201 and the drive gear 202 are located on both sides of the gearbox cover 101, respectively. The output shaft of the power element 201, i.e., the motor, passes through the gearbox cover 101 and is fixedly connected to the drive gear 202. One end of the first drive shaft 304, the second drive shaft 405, and the third drive shaft 406 are rotatably connected to the gearbox cover 101, and the other end is rotatably fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting groove on the gearbox seat 102.

[0035] Specifically, the feeding gear assembly 3 further includes a passive feeding gear 302, which is installed in the mounting groove, and the material line channel 6 is located between the active feeding gear 301 and the passive feeding gear 302.

[0036] Specifically, the feeding and retraction power switching system for the FDM 3D printer in this solution also includes a filament head position detection component 5 for detecting the position of the filament head. This component can detect whether filament exists in the filament channel 6. The filament head position detection component 5 is installed in the mounting groove. The gearbox base 102 also has a filament channel 6 for filament passage. The filament channel 6 can be formed using a filament delivery pipe. The filament head position detection component 5 includes a detection wheel 501, a swing arm 502, a position detection switch 503, and an elastic element 504. The elastic element 504 is preferably a return spring. The detection wheel 501 is tractively connected to one end of the swing arm 502. The position detection switch 503 is located opposite the detection wheel 501 at the other end of the swing arm 502 and fixed to the gearbox base 102. The elastic element 504 is engaged between the swing arm 502 and the filament channel 6 on the gearbox base 102. The specific installation position of the filament head position detection component 5 in the mounting groove can be found in the appendix. Figure 1 , 8 The settings 9 and 1 can also be set according to the actual situation to facilitate the detection of the presence of material lines in the material line channel 6.

[0037] Specifically, the material line head position detection component 5 further includes a rotating shaft 505, which is installed in a mounting groove and can be set perpendicular to the gearbox cover 101. The middle part of the swing arm 502 is fitted onto the rotating shaft 505. When there is no material line in the material line channel 6, one end of the swing arm 502, under the elastic force of the elastic element 504, presses the detection wheel 501 against the material line channel 6. At this time, the other end of the swing arm 502 will not be detected by the position detection switch 503. The other end of the swing arm 502 is provided with a detection object that can be sensed by the position detection switch 503. When the material line passes through from above the material line channel 6, the material line squeezes into the gap between the detection wheel 501 and the material line channel 6, lifting the detection wheel 501. The swing arm 502 rotates around the rotating shaft 505 at a certain angle, and the other end of the swing arm 502 will be detected by the position detection switch 503, thus indicating that there is a material line in the material line channel 6.

[0038] Specifically, the position detection switch 503 is a Hall effect detection switch, and the detection object is a magnetic object.

[0039] Other aspects of the feeding and unloading power switching system for an FDM 3D printer described in this invention can be found in the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switching system for feed and unfeed power in an FDM 3D printer, characterized in that: The system includes a power assembly, a feeding gear assembly, and a retraction gear assembly, each mounted on a housing. The power assembly includes a drive gear and a power element, which provides power for the rotation of the drive gear. The feeding gear assembly includes a drive feeding gear, a feeding reduction gear, a first drive shaft, and a first one-way bearing. The first drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the housing, and the feeding reduction gear is fixed to the first drive shaft. The drive feeding gear is fitted onto the first drive shaft, and the first one-way bearing is installed between the drive feeding gear and the first drive shaft. The retraction gear assembly includes a retraction gear and a first-stage retraction mechanism. The system comprises a reduction gear, a second-stage unloading reduction gear, a second drive shaft, and a second one-way bearing. The second drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the housing. The first-stage unloading reduction gear is fixed to the second drive shaft. The second-stage unloading reduction gear is fitted onto the second drive shaft. The second one-way bearing is installed between the second drive shaft and the second-stage unloading reduction gear. The unloading gear is rotatably mounted on the housing and meshes with the second-stage unloading reduction gear. The first-stage unloading reduction gear and the feeding reduction gear mesh on opposite sides of the drive gear. The first one-way bearing and the second one-way bearing are arranged in opposite directions. The ejector gear assembly also includes a third drive shaft, which is rotatably mounted on the housing, and the ejector gear is fitted onto and fixed to the third drive shaft; The housing includes a gearbox cover and a gearbox base. The gearbox base is provided with a mounting groove. The gearbox cover is detachably fixed to the gearbox base and is used to close the opening of the mounting groove. The feeding gear assembly and the unloading gear assembly are both installed in the mounting groove. The power element and the drive gear are respectively installed on both sides of the gearbox cover, and the drive gear is located in the mounting groove. One end of each of the first drive shaft, the second drive shaft, and the third drive shaft is rotatably connected to the gearbox cover, and the other end is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the mounting groove. It also includes a wire head position detection component for detecting the position of the wire head. The wire head position detection component is installed in the mounting groove. The gearbox base is also provided with a wire channel. The wire head position detection component includes a detection wheel, a swing arm, a position detection switch, and an elastic element installed on the gearbox base. The detection wheel is driven to one end of the swing arm. The position detection switch is located at the other end of the swing arm and fixed on the gearbox base. The elastic element is engaged between the swing arm and the wire channel on the gearbox base. The material line head position detection component also includes a rotating shaft, and the middle part of the swing arm is fitted onto the rotating shaft; When there is no material in the material channel, one end of the swing arm presses the detection wheel against the material channel under the elastic force of the elastic element. At this time, the other end of the swing arm will not be detected by the position detection switch. The other end of the swing arm is provided with a detection object that can be sensed by the position detection switch. When the material enters from above the material channel, the material is squeezed into the gap between the detection wheel and the material channel, lifting the detection wheel. The swing arm rotates around the pivot at a certain angle, and the other end of the swing arm will be detected by the position detection switch, thus indicating that there is material in the material channel. The power element is a reversible motor, and the drive gear is fixed on the output shaft of the motor.

2. The feeding / unloading power switching system for an FDM 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active feed gear is fitted onto and fixed to the outer ring of the first one-way bearing, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fitted onto and fixed to the first drive shaft. The second-stage unloading reduction gear is mounted on and fixed to the outer ring of the second one-way bearing, and the inner ring of the second one-way bearing is mounted on and fixed to the second drive shaft.

3. The feeding / unloading power switching system for an FDM 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the inner ring of the first one-way bearing rotates counterclockwise, the first one-way bearing is locked, and the active feed gear can rotate synchronously with the first drive shaft to realize feeding; when the inner ring of the first one-way bearing rotates clockwise, the first one-way bearing is unlocked. When the inner ring of the second one-way bearing rotates clockwise, the second one-way bearing is locked, and the second-stage unloading reduction gear can rotate synchronously with the second transmission shaft to realize unloading; when the inner ring of the second one-way bearing rotates counterclockwise, the second one-way bearing is unlocked.

4. The feeding / unloading power switching system for an FDM 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position detection switch is a Hall effect sensor switch, and the detection object is a magnetic object.

5. The feeding / unloading power switching system for an FDM 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding gear assembly also includes a passive feeding gear, which is installed in the mounting slot, and the material line channel is located between the active feeding gear and the passive feeding gear.

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