A device for detecting the flatness of a spherical surface

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ball detection, in particular to a ball surface flatness detection device, a main mechanism, which comprises a detection table, a mounting rack and a display screen fixedly installed on the detection table, and an image sensor arranged on the mounting rack; a supporting and fixing mechanism, which comprises a supporting cylinder installed on the detection table and a blowing and sucking pump; the main mechanism, the supporting and fixing mechanism and a rotating mechanism are arranged, when the ball is detected, only two rotations are needed to comprehensively detect the ball, thus the image sensor cannot collect the image of the dead angle position of the ball during detection, the ball surface is missed, the quality of the ball surface flatness detection is further improved, the surface of the half ball can be comprehensively detected, the device can detect the flatness of the ball surface and the half ball surface, and the applicability of the device is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sphere detection technology, and in particular to a device for detecting the surface flatness of a sphere. Background Technology

[0002] During the manufacturing process of spheres (metal parts), various quality problems, such as scratches, cracks, and surface impurities, are very likely to occur on the surface of the spheres due to factors such as production processes. Inspection equipment can inspect the surface of the spheres to screen out those with surface defects, thereby improving the pass rate of the spheres.

[0003] Existing methods using image sensors to detect rotating spheres allow for real-time monitoring. However, due to the limited effective image acquisition range of image sensors, they can only capture images of a portion of the sphere per unit time (the sphere's surface has curvature, creating blind spots relative to the sensor). Although the sensor can capture images of a portion of the sphere's surface after one rotation, it cannot capture images of the blind spots, leading to missed detections and hindering product quality improvement. Therefore, we propose a sphere surface flatness detection device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a device for detecting the flatness of a sphere surface.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sphere surface flatness detection device, comprising: The main structure includes a testing platform, on which a mounting frame and a display screen are fixedly mounted, and an image sensor is mounted on the mounting frame; A support and fixing mechanism, comprising a support cylinder and a blow-suction pump mounted on the testing table, wherein a conduit connects the blow-suction pump and the support cylinder; The rotating mechanism includes a chassis mounted on a testing platform, the chassis positioned inside a support cylinder. Four sleeves are mounted on the surface of the chassis, each sleeve containing a support rod. A connecting frame, U-shaped, is mounted on the top of each support rod. A drive wheel is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting frame via a rotating shaft. A first drive motor is mounted on one outer end of the connecting frame. The drive end of the first drive motor rotatably passes through the connecting frame and is connected to the rotating shaft on the drive wheel via a coupling. During operation, a blow-suction pump draws air to create negative pressure inside the support cylinder, thereby quickly positioning the sphere on the support cylinder, improving the efficiency of sphere fixation during testing. At this time, the drive wheel contacts the outer side of the sphere inside the support cylinder, and then the first drive motor drives... The drive wheel rotates, and because the friction between the drive wheel and the ball is greater than the friction between the ball and the support cylinder, the ball rotates. When the ball rotates, firstly, the first drive motor drives a set of two opposing drive wheels to rotate. After the ball rotates one revolution, the first drive motor drives another two opposing drive wheels to rotate, and the opposing drive wheels rotate in opposite directions. Thus, the ball rotates sequentially around two horizontal center lines. Since the image sensor is directly above the ball, the ball only needs to rotate two revolutions to be fully detected. This avoids blind spots where the image sensor cannot capture images, preventing missed detections on the ball's surface and further improving the quality of the ball's surface flatness detection.

[0006] Preferably, a second drive motor is mounted on the mounting bracket, and a turntable is mounted on the drive end of the second drive motor. A groove is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the turntable, and a slider is slidably connected in the groove. A push rod motor is mounted on one outer end of the turntable, and the drive end of the push rod motor slides through the turntable and is placed in the groove and connected to one end of the slider. An arc-shaped cover is mounted on the bottom of the slider, and the image sensor is disposed inside the arc-shaped cover.

[0007] Preferably, the inner cavity of the arc-shaped cover is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft, the image sensor is installed on the outside of the connecting shaft, one end of the connecting shaft passes through the arc-shaped cover and is placed on the outside of the arc-shaped cover, a semi-circular gear is installed on the connecting shaft on the outside of the arc-shaped cover, and a rack is installed on one side of the bottom of the turntable, the semi-circular gear meshes with the rack.

[0008] Preferably, a spring is connected to the bottom end of the inner cavity of the sleeve, the support rod is slidably connected inside the sleeve, and the bottom of the support rod is connected to the top of the spring.

[0009] Preferably, guide grooves are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the sleeve, and guide blocks are slidably connected in the guide grooves, and the guide blocks are connected to the outer side of the support rod.

[0010] Preferably, a sealing ring is installed on the surface of the support cylinder, and the sealing ring is elastic.

[0011] Preferably, the center of the connecting shaft, the center of the arc-shaped cover, and the center of the semi-circular gear are on the same horizontal line.

[0012] Preferably, both the groove and the slider are T-shaped, and the outer dimension of the slider is adapted to the inner cavity dimension of the groove.

[0013] Preferably, the four drive wheels are at the same height, and the spring force is greater than the sum of the weight of the support rod and the component above the support rod.

[0014] Preferably, supplementary lights are installed on both sides of the bottom of the arc-shaped cover, and all supplementary lights are LED lights.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting up a main body mechanism, a support and fixing mechanism, and a rotation mechanism, the sphere to be tested is placed on the support cylinder. Then, air is drawn in by a blow-suction pump to create negative pressure inside the support cylinder, thereby quickly limiting the sphere to the support cylinder and improving the efficiency of sphere fixation during testing. At this time, the drive wheel contacts the outer side of the sphere inside the support cylinder, and then the first drive motor drives the drive wheel to rotate, causing the sphere to rotate. When the sphere rotates, since the image sensor is directly above the sphere, when testing the sphere, the sphere rotates sequentially around two horizontal sphere center lines. Because the image sensor is directly above the sphere, the sphere only needs to rotate two revolutions to be fully tested during testing, thus avoiding the inability of the image sensor to capture images of blind spots in the sphere during testing, which would cause missed detections on the sphere surface and further improve the quality of sphere surface flatness testing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure for sphere detection in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hemispherical detection system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the turntable and the arc-shaped cover of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting and fixing mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the sleeve and the support cylinder of the present invention.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Testing table; 11. Mounting frame; 2. Support cylinder; 21. Sealing ring; 3. Second drive motor; 31. Turntable; 4. Push rod motor; 41. Semi-circular gear; 42. Arc-shaped cover; 43. Rack; 44. Slider; 45. Slide groove; 46. Connecting shaft; 5. Image sensor; 51. Display screen; 6. Blow-suction pump; 61. Conduit; 7. Chassis; 71. First drive motor; 72. Sleeve; 73. Support rod; 74. Connecting frame; 75. Drive wheel; 76. Guide groove; 77. Guide block; 78. Spring; 8. Supplemental light. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 6 The sphere surface flatness detection device shown includes: The main structure includes a detection platform 1, on which a mounting frame 11 and a display screen 51 are fixedly mounted. An image sensor 5 is disposed on the mounting frame 11, and the image sensor 5 includes a photodiode, an ADC converter, and an image signal processor (ISP). A support and fixing mechanism is provided, which includes a support cylinder 2 and a blow-suction pump 6 installed on the testing table 1. A conduit 61 is connected between the blow-suction pump 6 and the support cylinder 2. The rotating mechanism includes a chassis 7 mounted on a testing platform 1, the chassis 7 being placed inside a support cylinder 2. Four sleeves 72 are mounted on the surface of the chassis 7, each sleeve 72 containing a support rod 73. A connecting frame 74 is mounted on the top of each support rod 73. The connecting frame 74 is U-shaped, and a drive wheel 75 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting frame 74 via a rotating shaft. A first drive motor 71 is mounted on one outer end of the connecting frame 74. The drive end of the first drive motor 71 rotatably passes through the connecting frame 74 and is connected to the rotating shaft on the drive wheel 75 via a coupling. The drive wheel 75 is a rubber wheel.

[0020] During operation, the sphere to be tested is placed on the support cylinder 2. Then, air is drawn in by the blow-suction pump 6 to create negative pressure inside the support cylinder 2, quickly securing the sphere on the cylinder and improving the efficiency of sphere fixation during testing. At this time, the drive wheel 75 contacts the outer side of the sphere inside the support cylinder 2, and the first drive motor 71 drives the drive wheel 75 to rotate. Since the friction between the drive wheel 75 and the sphere is greater than the friction between the sphere and the support cylinder 2, the sphere rotates. As the sphere rotates, the image sensor 5 detects it. The light reflected from the sphere's surface is focused by the lens onto the photosensitive area of ​​the image sensor 5. The photodiode converts the light signal into an electrical signal, and the analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Finally, the image signal processor (ISP) performs optimizations such as noise reduction, white balance, and sharpening. Then, the image is displayed on the screen 51. Personnel can then judge whether the surface of the sphere is flat by looking at the image on the screen 51. When the sphere rotates, since the image sensor 5 is directly above the sphere, when the sphere is being detected, firstly, the first drive motor 71 drives a set of two opposing drive wheels 75 to rotate. After the sphere rotates once, the first drive motor 71 drives another two opposing drive wheels 75 to rotate, and the two opposing drive wheels 75 rotate in opposite directions. Thus, the sphere rotates sequentially around two horizontal center lines. Since the image sensor 5 is directly above the sphere, the sphere only needs to rotate twice to be fully detected. This avoids the image sensor 5 being unable to capture images of blind spots in the sphere during detection, which could lead to missed detections on the sphere's surface and further improve the quality of the sphere's surface flatness detection.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a spring 78 is connected to the bottom end of the inner cavity of the sleeve 72, the support rod 73 is slidably connected inside the sleeve 72, and the bottom of the support rod 73 is connected to the top of the spring 78. The four drive wheels 75 are at the same height, and the elastic force of the spring 78 is greater than the sum of the weight of the support rod 73 and the components above the support rod 73. When the ball is placed in the support cylinder 2, all four drive wheels 75 can contact the bottom surface of the ball, thereby the ball presses the support rod 73 to move downward, and the support rod 73 compresses the spring 78, so that the elastic force of the spring 78 pushes the drive wheels 75 to always contact the outside of the ball, thereby ensuring that the rotation of the drive wheels 75 can drive the ball to rotate.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention, guide grooves 76 are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the sleeve 72. A guide block 77 is slidably connected in the guide groove 76, and the guide block 77 is connected to the outer side of the support rod 73. The guide block 77 guides the movement of the support rod 73 in the sleeve 72 by moving within the guide groove 76, thereby preventing the rotation of the support rod 73 in the sleeve 72 from affecting the contact effect between the drive wheel 75 and the ball, and further preventing the drive wheel 75 from failing to drive the ball to rotate.

[0023] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a sealing ring 21 is installed on the surface of the support cylinder 2. The sealing ring 21 is elastic. By setting the sealing ring 21, the sealing performance of the ball in contact with the support cylinder 2 is increased, thereby avoiding the gap between the ball and the support cylinder 2 that would cause air leakage and affect the stability of the ball being limited on the support cylinder 2.

[0024] As a further embodiment of the present invention, supplementary lights 8 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the arc-shaped cover 42, and the supplementary lights 8 are all LED lights. When the sphere is detected, the supplementary lights 8 are turned on to supplement the light on the sphere, thereby avoiding local overexposure or reflection interference of the sphere, which would affect the quality of the sphere detection.

[0025] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: In this embodiment, a second drive motor 3 is mounted on the mounting bracket 11. A turntable 31 is mounted on the drive end of the second drive motor 3. A groove 45 is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the turntable 31. A slider 44 is slidably connected in the groove 45. Both the groove 45 and the slider 44 are T-shaped. The outer dimensions of the slider 44 are adapted to the inner dimensions of the groove 45. A push rod motor 4 is mounted on one outer end of the turntable 31. The drive end of the push rod motor 4 slides through the turntable 31 and is placed in the groove 45, connecting to one end of the slider 44. An arc-shaped cover 42 is mounted on the bottom of the slider 44. The image sensor... The device 5 is housed inside the arc-shaped cover 42. A connecting shaft 46 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the arc-shaped cover 42. The image sensor 5 is mounted on the outside of the connecting shaft 46. One end of the connecting shaft 46 passes through the arc-shaped cover 42 and is positioned on the outside of the arc-shaped cover 42. A semi-circular gear 41 is mounted on the connecting shaft 46 on the outside of the arc-shaped cover 42. A rack 43 is mounted on one side of the bottom of the turntable 31. The semi-circular gear 41 meshes with the rack 43. The centers of the connecting shaft 46, the arc-shaped cover 42, and the semi-circular gear 41 are on the same horizontal line. When detecting a hemisphere, the end face of the hemisphere is placed on the support cylinder 2 (e.g., ...). Figure 2(As shown), then the blow-suction pump 6 is started to draw in air, creating negative pressure inside the support cylinder 2 to fix the hemisphere on the support cylinder 2. Then, the image sensor 5 detects the top of the hemisphere. Then, the push rod motor 4 is started to push the slider 44 to move in the slide groove 45, which in turn drives the arc-shaped cover 42 and the image sensor 5 to move. During the movement of the arc-shaped cover 42, due to the fixed rack 43, the image sensor 5 can be tilted relative to the side of the hemisphere by cooperating with the semi-circular gear 41 and the connecting shaft 46. Then, the second drive motor 3 is started to drive the turntable 31 to rotate 360°, which in turn drives the image sensor 5 to rotate and detect the edge of the hemisphere. This allows for a comprehensive detection of the surface of the hemisphere, enabling the device to detect the flatness of the sphere surface and the hemisphere surface, further increasing the applicability of the device.

[0026] Working principle of this invention: First, the sphere to be detected is placed on the support cylinder 2. Then, air is drawn in by the blow-suction pump 6 to create negative pressure inside the support cylinder 2, thereby confining the sphere on the support cylinder 2. At this time, the drive wheel 75 contacts the outer side of the sphere inside the support cylinder 2. Then, the first drive motor 71 drives the drive wheel 75 to rotate. Since the frictional force between the drive wheel 75 and the sphere is greater than the frictional force between the sphere and the support cylinder 2, the sphere rotates. When the sphere rotates, the image sensor 5 detects the sphere. The light reflected from the surface of the sphere is focused by the lens onto the photosensitive area of ​​the image sensor 5. Then, the photodiode converts the light signal into an electrical signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and then optimized by an image signal processor (ISP) such as noise reduction, white balance, and sharpening before being displayed on the screen 51. Users can then judge whether the surface of the sphere is flat by looking at the image on the screen 51. When the sphere rotates, since the image sensor 5 is directly above the sphere, when detecting the sphere, firstly, the first drive motor 71 drives a set of two opposing drive wheels 75 to rotate. After the sphere rotates one revolution, the first drive motor 71 drives another two opposing drive wheels 75 to rotate, and the direction of rotation of the opposing drive wheels 75 is... Conversely, the sphere rotates sequentially along two horizontal center lines. Since the image sensor 5 is directly above the sphere, only two rotations are needed for a complete inspection, avoiding blind spots where the image sensor 5 cannot capture images and thus improving the quality of surface flatness detection. When inspecting a hemisphere, the end face is placed on the support cylinder 2, and the blow-suction pump 6 is activated to create negative pressure within the support cylinder 2, fixing the hemisphere to it. The image sensor 5 then inspects the area directly above the hemisphere. The push rod motor 4 pushes the slider 44 to move within the slide groove 45, thereby moving the arc-shaped cover 42 and the image sensor 5. During the movement of the arc-shaped cover 42, the rack 43 is fixed, and in conjunction with the semi-circular gear 41 and the connecting shaft 46, the image sensor 5 can be tilted to face the side of the hemisphere. Then, the second drive motor 3 is started to drive the turntable 31 to rotate 360°, thereby driving the image sensor 5 to rotate and detect the edge of the hemisphere. This allows for a comprehensive detection of the surface of the hemisphere, enabling the device to detect the flatness of the sphere surface and the hemisphere surface, further increasing the applicability of the device.

[0027] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the flatness of a sphere surface, characterized in that, include: The main structure includes a testing platform (1), on which a mounting frame (11) and a display screen (51) are fixedly installed, and an image sensor (5) is provided on the mounting frame (11). The support and fixing mechanism includes a support cylinder (2) and a blow-suction pump (6) installed on the test table (1), and a conduit (61) is connected between the blow-suction pump (6) and the support cylinder (2). The rotating mechanism includes a chassis (7) mounted on the testing platform (1). The chassis (7) is placed inside the support cylinder (2). Four sleeves (72) are mounted on the surface of the chassis (7). Each of the four sleeves (72) is provided with a support rod (73). Each of the four support rods (73) is equipped with a connecting frame (74). The connecting frame (74) is U-shaped. The inner side of the connecting frame (74) is rotatably connected to a drive wheel (75) via a rotating shaft. A first drive motor (71) is mounted on one end of the outer side of the connecting frame (74). The drive end of the first drive motor (71) can rotatably pass through the connecting frame (74) and is connected to the rotating shaft on the drive wheel (75) via a coupling. The first drive motor (71) is used to drive one set of two opposing drive wheels (75) to rotate. After the ball rotates once, it switches to drive another set of two opposing drive wheels (75) to rotate. The two opposing drive wheels (75) in each set rotate in opposite directions. A spring (78) is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sleeve (72). The support rod (73) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (72), and the bottom of the support rod (73) is connected to the top of the spring (78). Guide grooves (76) are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the sleeve (72). A guide block (77) is slidably connected inside the guide groove (76), and the guide block (77) is connected to the outside of the support rod (73). The surface of the support cylinder (2) is fitted with a sealing ring (21), which is elastic. The four drive wheels (75) are at the same height, and the spring force (78) is greater than the sum of the weight of the support rod (73) and the component above the support rod (73).

2. The sphere surface flatness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (11) is equipped with a second drive motor (3), and the drive end of the second drive motor (3) is equipped with a turntable (31). A groove (45) is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the turntable (31). A slider (44) is slidably connected in the groove (45). A push rod motor (4) is installed on one side of the turntable (31). The drive end of the push rod motor (4) slides through the turntable (31) and is placed in the groove (45) and connected to one end of the slider (44). An arc-shaped cover (42) is installed at the bottom of the slider (44). The image sensor (5) is set in the arc-shaped cover (42).

3. The sphere surface flatness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the arc-shaped cover (42) is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft (46). The image sensor (5) is installed on the outside of the connecting shaft (46). One end of the connecting shaft (46) passes through the arc-shaped cover (42) and is placed on the outside of the arc-shaped cover (42). A semi-circular gear (41) is installed on the connecting shaft (46) on the outside of the arc-shaped cover (42). A rack (43) is installed on one side of the bottom of the turntable (31). The semi-circular gear (41) meshes with the rack (43).

4. The sphere surface flatness detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The center of the connecting shaft (46), the center of the arc-shaped cover (42), and the center of the semi-circular gear (41) are on the same horizontal line.

5. The sphere surface flatness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the groove (45) and the slider (44) are T-shaped, and the outer dimensions of the slider (44) are adapted to the inner dimensions of the groove (45).

6. The sphere surface flatness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both sides of the bottom of the arc-shaped cover (42) are equipped with supplementary lights (8), and all the supplementary lights (8) are LED lights.

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