A river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil waste

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of environmental engineering technology and discloses a river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil waste. The structure includes: a river channel for supporting the ecological restoration structure and water flow; an ecological revetment for protecting the riverbank and enhancing its stability; underwater stratified artificial reefs for providing underwater space for fish to inhabit, migrate, and hide; artificial floating wetlands for improving water quality and providing a habitat for aquatic plants; multifunctional shoals for providing diverse habitats for aquatic and amphibious organisms; artificial inner islands for enhancing biodiversity and providing breeding and foraging grounds for birds; and mixed mudflats. This technical solution utilizes dredged soil resources, transforming waste dredged soil into a basic material for river ecological restoration, achieving the effects of improving the water body's self-purification capacity and biodiversity, effectively solving the problems of resource waste and secondary pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental engineering technology, specifically to a river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil waste. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the expansion of waterways and the improvement of river flood control capabilities, the scale of dredging projects has gradually increased. Large amounts of dredged soil are removed from riverbeds or waterways, and their treatment directly affects the health of the ecological environment and the sustainability of resource utilization. However, dredged soil has complex properties and diverse compositions, potentially containing pollutants as well as being rich in organic matter and nutrients. Improper treatment can not only cause environmental problems but also waste a large amount of usable resources. Therefore, how to efficiently and safely treat dredged soil while simultaneously considering ecological protection and resource utilization has become an important issue in the field of river management.

[0003] Traditionally, dredged soil is primarily disposed of through simple landfilling or deep trench dumping. While this method seems direct and convenient, it overlooks the potential value of the dredged soil and the possible ecological harm it may cause. First, simple landfilling encroaches on and damages the terrestrial ecosystem. Especially in densely populated areas or areas with limited land resources, landfilling often imposes greater environmental pressure and restricts the sustainable use of land. Second, deep trench dumping of dredged soil significantly disrupts aquatic ecosystems. Many dredged soils contain heavy metals or other pollutants; direct dumping can lead to water quality deterioration and even long-term effects on benthic organisms. The damage to the underwater ecosystem is not easily detected, but it has a profound impact on the entire waterway's food chain. Therefore, those skilled in the art propose a river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil waste to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil waste, which solves the problem that traditional technologies mainly rely on simple landfilling or deep trench disposal for dredged soil treatment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil and waste, comprising,

[0006] River channels serve to support ecological restoration structures and facilitate water flow;

[0007] Ecological bank protection is used to protect riverbanks and enhance the stability of river channels.

[0008] Underwater stratified artificial reefs are used to provide underwater spaces for fish to inhabit, migrate, and hide.

[0009] Artificial floating wetlands are used to improve water quality and provide a growing environment for aquatic plants.

[0010] Multifunctional shallows are designed to provide diverse habitats for aquatic and amphibian organisms.

[0011] Artificial inner islands are used to enhance biodiversity and provide breeding and foraging grounds for birds;

[0012] Mixed mudflats are used to purify water and provide foraging areas for waterbirds.

[0013] Preferably, the ecological revetment includes a base layer, a submerged buffer zone, vegetation cover, and outer protection. The base layer is formed by filling dredged soil and coarse gravel. The submerged buffer zone is planted with submerged plants. The vegetation cover is planted with wetland plants. The outer protection is formed by forming a flexible revetment structure using wooden piles or gravel.

[0014] Preferably, the underwater layered reef includes a second base layer, a rock pile layer, and a cover layer. The second base layer is formed by compacting dredged soil, the rock pile layer is composed of stacked stones forming a porous space, and the cover layer is planted with submerged plants.

[0015] Preferably, the artificial floating wetland includes anchor bolts, a base, connecting chains, a floating platform, and a vegetation layer. The floating platform is made of lightweight materials and covered with dredged soil. The vegetation layer is planted with aquatic plants. The base is fixed by anchor bolts, and the connecting chains maintain its dynamic stability.

[0016] Preferably, the multifunctional shoal includes a base layer three, a land edge layer, a near-water surface layer and a submerged layer. The base layer three is formed by compacting dredged soil. Herbaceous plants are planted in the land edge layer, wetland plants are planted in the near-water surface layer, and submerged plants are planted in the submerged layer.

[0017] Preferably, the artificial inner island includes an island body, a central layer, an edge wetland layer, a submerged covering layer, and a reinforcement layer. The island body is formed by dredging soil accumulation. The central layer is planted with trees or shrubs. The edge wetland layer is planted with wetland plants. The submerged covering layer is planted with submerged plants. The reinforcement layer is fixed by wooden piles or stones.

[0018] Preferably, the mixed tidal flats include a dry tidal flat layer, a wet tidal flat layer, and a filtering wetland layer. The dry tidal flat layer is planted with drought-resistant plants, the wet tidal flat layer is planted with moisture-resistant plants, and the filtering wetland layer is used for water purification.

[0019] Preferably, the vegetation cover is fixed with geotextile to prevent water erosion and enhance the stability of the riverbank structure.

[0020] Preferably, the floating platform is made of corrosion-resistant polyethylene foam, and the connecting chain is made of corrosion-resistant steel to ensure long-term structural stability.

[0021] Preferably, a natural transition zone is provided between the edge wetland layer and the overlying submerged layer to enhance the island's biodiversity and biological habitat.

[0022] This invention provides a river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil and waste. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This invention employs a technical solution for the resource utilization of dredged soil, transforming waste dredged soil into a basic material for river ecological restoration, thereby enhancing the water body's self-purification capacity and improving biodiversity. Compared with existing technologies that simply landfill or discard dredged soil, this effectively solves the problems of resource waste and secondary pollution.

[0024] 2. By constructing ecological revetments, multifunctional shallows, and artificial inner islands, this invention creates diverse habitats in river channels, significantly increasing the habitat rates of both aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Compared to the shortcomings of traditional rigid revetments that cannot support ecosystem development, this flexible structural design greatly enhances the functionality and long-term stability of ecological restoration.

[0025] 3. This invention, through an innovative combination of underwater stratified reefs and artificial floating wetlands, not only purifies water but also provides abundant migration and spawning environments for fish. It effectively addresses the problem of existing technologies using simple underwater structures that fail to meet the diverse needs of organisms, significantly enhancing the ecological diversity and vitality of rivers.

[0026] 4. This invention achieves a natural transition between land and water by dividing the area into dry beaches, wet beaches, and filtering wetlands, effectively buffering the impact of water flow and purifying the water. Traditional tidal flat structures have poor stability and limited water quality improvement, while this layered structure significantly enhances the ecological function of the tidal flat area and optimizes the overall river environment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the river channel structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological bank protection structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting chain structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the near-water surface layer structure of the present invention.

[0033] The structure includes: 1. River channel; 2. Ecological revetment; 201. Basic layer one; 202. Submerged buffer zone; 203. Vegetation cover; 204. Outer protection; 3. Underwater stratified artificial reef; 301. Basic layer two; 302. Stone pile layer; 303. Cover layer; 4. Artificial floating wetland; 401. Anchor bolt; 402. Base; 403. Connecting chain; 404. Floating platform; 405. Vegetation layer; 5. Multifunctional shoal; 501. Basic layer three; 502. Land edge layer; 503. Near-water surface layer; 504. Underwater layer; 6. Artificial inner island; 601. Island body; 602. Central layer; 603. Edge wetland layer; 604. Submerged cover layer; 605. Reinforcement layer; 7. Mixed tidal flat; 701. Dry beach layer; 702. Wet beach layer; 703. Filtering wetland layer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 This invention provides a river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil and waste, including: a river channel 1 for supporting ecological restoration structures and water flow; and an ecological revetment 2 for protecting the riverbank and enhancing the stability of the river channel 1. The ecological revetment 2 includes a base layer 201, a submerged buffer zone 202, vegetation cover 203, and an outer protection 204. The base layer 201 is formed by filling dredged soil and coarse gravel. The submerged buffer zone 202 is planted with submerged plants, the vegetation cover 203 is planted with wetland plants, and the outer protection 204 forms a flexible revetment structure through wooden piles or gravel. The vegetation cover 203 is fixed with geotextile to prevent water erosion and enhance the stability of the riverbank structure.

[0036] Specifically, River Channel 1 serves to support the ecological restoration structure and water flow; Ecological Bank Protection 2 protects the riverbank and enhances the stability of River Channel 1. The Ecological Bank Protection 2 comprises a foundation layer 201, a submerged buffer zone 202, vegetation cover 203, and outer protection 204. The foundation layer 201 is formed by filling dredged soil and coarse gravel, possessing high compressive strength and stability. By optimizing the proportion of filling materials, good load-bearing capacity and foundation stability are achieved. The submerged buffer zone 202 is located above the foundation layer 201, planted with water-tolerant submerged plants such as *Ceratophyllum demersum* or *Myriophyllum spicatum*. Utilizing their root systems to anchor sediment, it effectively mitigates the scouring force of the flowing water while providing hiding places and migration channels for fish. The vegetation cover 203 is adjacent to the submerged buffer zone 202, planted with moisture-tolerant wetland plants such as cattails or reeds. This not only absorbs excess nutrients from the river water, thus inhibiting eutrophication, but also enhances the bank protection's resistance to scouring. The vegetation cover 203 is fixed by geotextile, which has strong permeability and tensile strength, effectively preventing the surface vegetation of the revetment from falling off due to water erosion or soil loss, ensuring the long-term stability of the revetment structure. The outer protection 204 is constructed of wooden piles or gravel. The wooden piles make the overall structure more resilient, while the accumulation of gravel further enhances the erosion resistance of the protective layer. The close integration of the outer protection 204 and the vegetation cover 203 forms a multi-layered revetment protection system, which can effectively disperse the impact of water flow while maintaining the integrity and functionality of the ecological revetment 2, thereby creating a harmonious and stable ecological environment for the river channel 1 while stabilizing the shoreline.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The underwater layered artificial reef 3 is used to provide underwater space for fish to inhabit, migrate and hide. The underwater layered artificial reef 3 includes a base layer 301, a rock pile layer 302 and a cover layer 303. The base layer 301 is formed by compacting dredged soil. The rock pile layer 302 is composed of stacked stones to form a porous space. The cover layer 303 is planted with submerged plants.

[0038] Specifically, the underwater stratified artificial reef 3 provides underwater space for fish to inhabit, migrate, and hide. The underwater stratified artificial reef 3 includes a base layer 301, a rock pile layer 302, and a cover layer 303. The base layer 301 is formed by compacting dredged soil using a layered compaction process to ensure good load-bearing capacity and erosion resistance, while also providing a stable base to support the rock pile layer 302, preventing it from sliding or deforming due to water flow impact. The rock pile layer 302 is composed of stacked stones of different sizes. Through reasonable layout and control of stone size, it creates porous spaces. These pores provide an ideal habitat for fish and also provide a surface for microorganisms, algae, and other aquatic organisms to attach and grow, contributing to the formation of a complete underwater ecosystem. The height of the rock pile layer 302 is adjusted according to the actual river flow velocity and fish needs, ensuring that it provides a safe passage for fish migration without excessively affecting the overall river flow. The cover layer 303 is located on the surface of the rock pile layer 302. By planting submerged plants such as hornwort and Vallisneria natans, it not only further stabilizes the rock pile layer 302 but also provides shelter and food sources for fish and other aquatic organisms. The roots of the submerged plants in the cover layer 303 penetrate deep into the pores of the rock pile layer 302, enhancing the overall stability of the structure. At the same time, the photosynthesis of the plants increases the dissolved oxygen level in the water, thereby optimizing the habitat for fish. The multi-layered structure of the underwater stratified reef 3 effectively disperses the impact of water flow, slows down riverbed erosion, and enhances underwater biodiversity while maintaining ecological balance.

[0039] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 5 Artificial floating wetland 4 is used to improve water quality and provide a growing environment for aquatic plants. Artificial floating wetland 4 includes anchor bolts 401, base 402, connecting chains 403, floating platform 404 and vegetation layer 405. Floating platform 404 is made of lightweight material and covered with dredged soil. Aquatic plants are planted in vegetation layer 405. Base 402 is fixed by anchor bolts 401. Connecting chains 403 maintain its dynamic stability. The material of floating platform 404 is corrosion-resistant polyethylene foam, and connecting chains 403 are made of corrosion-resistant steel to ensure long-term structural stability.

[0040] Specifically, the artificial floating wetland 4 is used to improve water quality and provide a growth environment for aquatic plants. The artificial floating wetland 4 includes an anchor 401, a base 402, a connecting chain 403, a floating platform 404, and a vegetation layer 405. The floating platform 404 is made of lightweight and high-strength corrosion-resistant polyethylene foam, possessing excellent buoyancy and durability, and can float stably under different water level conditions. Dredged soil covers the floating platform 404, providing a growth substrate for aquatic plants. Simultaneously, the soil layer design of a specific thickness effectively filters suspended particulate matter and harmful substances in the water, further purifying the water quality. The vegetation layer 405 is planted with aquatic plants such as cattails, yellow irises, and duckweed. These plants not only absorb excess nutrients in the water, preventing eutrophication, but also increase dissolved oxygen levels through photosynthesis, providing a more suitable living environment for aquatic organisms.

[0041] The base 402 is firmly fixed to the riverbed or reservoir bottom by anchor bolts 401. The design of the anchor bolts 401 ensures that the artificial floating wetland 4 can remain in place under strong currents or waves and will not drift with the current. The connecting chain 403 is made of corrosion-resistant steel and is flexibly connected to the floating platform 404, providing flexible support so that the floating platform 404 can dynamically adjust according to water level changes, avoiding the impact of drastic water level fluctuations on the stability of the wetland system. The roots of aquatic plants in the vegetation layer 405 can penetrate the dredged soil substrate and extend to the bottom of the floating platform 404 or into the water, forming a complex root network. This not only enhances the stability of the substrate but also provides attachment and habitat sites for microorganisms and small aquatic organisms, further enriching the ecological functions of the wetland. Through its unique structural design and multiple functions, the artificial floating wetland 4 not only effectively improves water quality but also constructs a dynamic ecosystem for aquatic plants and animals, improving the overall ecological environment quality of the water area, while also possessing high operability and ease of maintenance.

[0042] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 6 Multifunctional shoal 5 is designed to provide diverse habitats for aquatic and amphibious organisms. Multifunctional shoal 5 includes a base layer 3 501, a land edge layer 502, a near-water surface layer 503, and a submerged layer 504. The base layer 3 501 is formed by compacting dredged soil. Herbaceous plants are planted in the land edge layer 502, wetland plants are planted in the near-water surface layer 503, and submerged plants are planted in the submerged layer 504.

[0043] Specifically, the multi-functional shoal 5 is designed to provide diverse habitats for aquatic and amphibious organisms. It comprises a base layer 501, a land edge layer 502, a near-water surface layer 503, and a subsurface layer 504. The base layer 501 is formed by compacting dredged soil using a layered compaction technique to ensure the stability and erosion resistance of the shoal structure, while providing a robust supporting foundation. The base layer 501 effectively prevents soil erosion caused by water flow, maintaining the overall structural integrity of the shoal. The land edge layer 502, located at the uppermost part of the shoal, is planted with herbaceous plants such as bermudagrass and bahiagrass. These plants have extensive root systems that help stabilize the soil and protect the slope, while also providing shelter and habitat for small terrestrial animals. The land edge layer 502, through a natural transition with the near-water surface layer 503, forms a gentle slope that facilitates rainwater infiltration and plant growth.

[0044] The near-water surface layer 503, adjacent to the land edge layer 502, is planted with wetland plants such as cattails and reeds. These plants have good water tolerance and water purification capabilities, purifying the water by absorbing pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Furthermore, these wetland plants provide ideal foraging and habitat sites for amphibians such as frogs and waterbirds, further enriching the regional ecosystem. The submerged layer 504, located at the lowest point of the shoal, is submerged year-round and planted with submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans and Ceratophyllum demersum. Submerged plants increase dissolved oxygen levels through photosynthesis, while their roots penetrate deep into the bottom, stabilizing the sediment and preventing secondary pollution caused by water flow. The submerged layer 504 provides a good habitat and spawning environment for fish and other aquatic organisms, forming an important foundation for the shoal ecosystem. Through the scientific zoning and vegetation configuration of the basic layer 501, the land edge layer 502, the near-water surface layer 503, and the submerged layer 504, the multifunctional shoal 5 not only forms a natural buffer zone in the river channel but also provides a rich habitat for various organisms. Its multi-layered structure effectively disperses the impact of water flow, while simultaneously creating an interdependent ecological network for aquatic and amphibious organisms, thereby enhancing the ecological function and environmental stability of the river.

[0045] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 The artificial inner island 6 is designed to enhance biodiversity and provide breeding and foraging grounds for birds. The artificial inner island 6 includes an island body 601, a central layer 602, an edge wetland layer 603, a submerged cover layer 604, and a reinforcement layer 605. The island body 601 is formed by the accumulation of dredged soil. The central layer 602 is planted with trees or shrubs. The edge wetland layer 603 is planted with wetland plants. The submerged cover layer 604 is planted with submerged plants. The reinforcement layer 605 is fixed by wooden piles or stones. A natural transition zone is provided between the edge wetland layer 603 and the submerged cover layer 604 to enhance the island's ecological diversity and biological habitat.

[0046] Specifically, the artificial inner island 6 is designed to enhance biodiversity and provide breeding and foraging grounds for birds. The artificial inner island 6 comprises an island body 601, a central layer 602, a peripheral wetland layer 603, a submerged cover layer 604, and a reinforcing layer 605. The island body 601 is formed by dredged soil accumulation, with layered compaction ensuring the stability and erosion resistance of the overall structure. The island body 601 is above the normal water level of the river channel, preventing complete submersion during floods and providing a long-term habitat for vegetation and organisms. The central layer 602, located on top of the island body 601, is planted with trees or shrubs such as willows and mulberry trees. These trees and shrubs have well-developed root systems that further stabilize the island body 601 while providing nesting and shelter for birds. The trees and shrubs in the central layer 602 also provide an ideal habitat for insects and other small animals, further enriching the ecosystem. The marginal wetland layer 603 surrounds the outer perimeter of the main island 601, and is planted with wetland plants such as reeds and water onions. These plants have strong moisture tolerance and water purification functions, and can absorb excess nutrients in the water to prevent eutrophication. At the same time, wetland plants provide foraging grounds for birds and amphibians, enhancing the island's biodiversity.

[0047] The submerged cover layer 604 is located in the underwater part of the island and is planted with submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans and Ceratophyllum demersum. These plants increase dissolved oxygen levels through photosynthesis, and their roots penetrate deep into the bottom, effectively fixing sediment and preventing silt loss due to water flow. The submerged cover layer 604 not only provides shelter and spawning grounds for aquatic organisms but also establishes a good ecological transition between the wetland and the water body. A natural transition zone exists between the edge wetland layer 603 and the submerged cover layer 604. This transition zone, through gradually decreasing slopes and varying water depths, creates a diverse microenvironment, providing living space for organisms with different habitat needs. Furthermore, the plant species distribution within the transition zone transitions from terrestrial to aquatic, further optimizing the overall ecological function of the island. The reinforcement layer 605 uses wooden piles or stones to surround the edge of the artificial inner island 6. Through mechanical reinforcement combined with natural vegetation, it enhances the island's resistance to erosion and effectively copes with potential changes in river flow or flood impacts. The reinforcement layer 605 ensures the long-term stability of the island and provides a safer environment for bird breeding activities. Through its rational layering design and scientific vegetation configuration, the artificial inner island 6 not only provides a high-quality habitat for bird breeding and foraging but also significantly enhances the biodiversity and ecological function of the entire river region by improving the ecological connection between the water and land.

[0048] Please see the appendix Figure 1 The mixed mudflat 7 is used to purify water quality and provide foraging areas for waterbirds. The mixed mudflat 7 includes a dry mudflat layer 701, a wet mudflat layer 702, and a filter wetland layer 703. The dry mudflat layer 701 is planted with drought-resistant plants, the wet mudflat layer 702 is planted with moisture-resistant plants, and the filter wetland layer 703 is used for water purification.

[0049] Specifically, the mixed mudflat 7 is used to purify water quality and provide foraging areas for waterbirds. Mixed mudflat 7 includes a dry mudflat layer 701, a wet mudflat layer 702, and a filter wetland layer 703. The dry mudflat layer 701 is located at the highest point of the mudflat and forms a stable soil structure by planting drought-resistant plants such as Bermuda grass and Bahia grass. These plants not only have well-developed root systems that effectively prevent soil erosion by wind or rain, but also provide habitat and foraging grounds for small terrestrial animals. The dry mudflat layer 701 transitions gently to the wet mudflat layer 702, ensuring the stability and continuity of the overall mudflat structure. The wet mudflat layer 702 is adjacent to the dry mudflat layer 701, located near the normal water level, and is planted with moisture-tolerant plants such as cattails and reeds. These plants have strong water tolerance and purification functions, effectively absorbing excess nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, reducing the risk of eutrophication. Meanwhile, the plant roots of wetland layer 702 penetrate deep into the soil, further enhancing the erosion resistance of the mudflats and providing abundant foraging resources and habitats for waterbirds and amphibians. Wetland layer 702 can also regulate the local climate through the transpiration of its plants, creating more suitable living conditions for the surrounding ecosystem.

[0050] The filtering wetland layer 703 is located below or around the wetland layer 702, at the lowest point of the mudflat, and is submerged in water for extended periods. This layer, through the planting of aquatic plants such as duckweed and water hyacinth, utilizes the synergistic effect of plant roots and microorganisms to efficiently filter and purify the flowing water. The filtering wetland layer 703 significantly improves water quality by adsorbing and decomposing suspended particles, organic matter, and other pollutants in the water. Simultaneously, the plants in the filtering wetland layer 703 provide habitats for aquatic insects, small fish, and other aquatic organisms, thus playing a crucial regulatory role in the mudflat ecosystem. The mixed mudflat 7, through the zoning design and functional division of the dry wetland layer 701, wetland layer 702, and filtering wetland layer 703, achieves a natural transition from land to water.

[0051] Working principle: First, by effectively utilizing dredged soil, various ecological structures are constructed, including ecological revetment 2, underwater stratified artificial reefs 3, artificial floating wetlands 4, multi-functional shoals 5, artificial inner islands 6, and mixed mudflats 7. These structures are tailored to the characteristics of the river channel 1, using dredged soil as the base material and leveraging its good compaction and plasticity to provide basic support for the overall structure.

[0052] Secondly, the ecological revetment 2 forms a protective system around the riverbank. The foundation layer 201, formed by compacting dredged soil, provides stable support for the revetment. The submerged buffer zone 202, planted with submerged plants, effectively buffers the erosion of the bank by the water flow and provides hiding places for fish. Vegetation cover 203, planted with wetland plants, enhances the ecological function of the revetment and further improves the bank's resistance to impact through the outer protection 204.

[0053] Furthermore, the underwater stratified reef 3 forms a multi-layered structure in the underwater section of the river channel. The second base layer 301 provides stable support for the rock pile layer 302. The porous structure inside the rock pile layer provides space for fish to migrate and inhabit, while also promoting the reproduction of microorganisms and algae in the water, forming a good underwater ecological environment. The cover layer 303 is planted with submerged plants, which fix the rock pile layer through their root systems and increase the dissolved oxygen level in the water.

[0054] Then, the artificial floating wetland 4 utilizes a floating platform 404 as a substrate for plant growth. The floating platform is fixed to the river channel by anchor bolts 401 and connecting chains 403, allowing it to adapt to water level fluctuations. The vegetation layer 405 is planted with aquatic plants, which not only purify the water but also increase the oxygen content in the water through photosynthesis, providing an ideal habitat for aquatic organisms.

[0055] Next, the multifunctional shoal 5 forms a stratified habitat in the shallow water area. The base layer 3 501 provides a stable structure, the terrestrial edge layer 502 fixes the soil by planting herbaceous plants, the near-water surface layer 503 provides habitat for amphibians by planting wetland plants, and the underwater layer 504 provides hiding places for aquatic organisms by planting submerged plants, gradually realizing a natural transition between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

[0056] Subsequently, the artificial inner island 6 was formed by dredging and piling up soil to increase the habitat space for waterbirds and aquatic organisms. The main island 601 is constructed with a multi-layered ecological structure by planting trees, wetland plants and submerged plants, the reinforcement layer 605 prevents water erosion, and the ecological connection between the island and the water body is optimized through a natural transition zone.

[0057] Finally, the mixed mudflat 7 is divided into dry mudflat layer 701, wet mudflat layer 702, and filter wetland layer 703, with drought-resistant, moisture-resistant, and aquatic plants planted in each layer to form a filtration and buffer zone between the land and water. The filter wetland layer further purifies the water quality through the synergistic effect of plants and microorganisms, while providing a foraging environment for waterbirds.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil and waste, characterized in that, include, River channel (1) is used to support ecological restoration structures and water flow; Ecological revetment (2) is used to protect the riverbank and enhance the stability of the river (1) bank; the ecological revetment (2) includes a base layer (201), a submerged buffer zone (202), vegetation cover (203) and outer protection (204). The base layer (201) is formed by filling dredged soil and coarse gravel. The submerged buffer zone (202) is planted with submerged plants. The vegetation cover (203) is planted with wetland plants. The outer protection (204) is formed by using wooden piles or gravel to form a flexible revetment structure. The underwater layered reef (3) is used to provide underwater space for fish to inhabit, migrate and hide; the underwater layered reef (3) includes a second base layer (301), a pile of rocks (302) and a cover layer (303). The second base layer (301) is formed by compacting dredged soil. The pile of rocks (302) is formed by stacking rocks to form a porous space. The cover layer (303) is planted with submerged plants. Artificial floating wetland (4) is used to improve water quality and provide a growing environment for aquatic plants; the artificial floating wetland (4) includes anchor bolts (401), base (402), connecting chain (403), floating platform (404) and vegetation layer (405). The floating platform (404) is made of lightweight material and covered with dredged soil. The vegetation layer (405) is planted with aquatic plants. The base (402) is fixed by anchor bolts (401). The connecting chain (403) maintains its dynamic stability. Multifunctional shoal (5) is used to provide a diverse habitat for aquatic and amphibious organisms; the multifunctional shoal (5) includes a base layer three (501), a land edge layer (502), a near-water surface layer (503) and a submerged layer (504). The base layer three (501) is formed by compacting dredged soil. Herbaceous plants are planted in the land edge layer (502), wetland plants are planted in the near-water surface layer (503), and submerged plants are planted in the submerged layer (504). An artificial inner island (6) is used to enhance biodiversity and provide breeding and foraging grounds for birds; the artificial inner island (6) includes an island body (601), a central layer (602), an edge wetland layer (603), a submerged cover layer (604), and a reinforcement layer (605). The island body (601) is formed by dredging soil accumulation. The central layer (602) is planted with trees or shrubs. The edge wetland layer (603) is planted with wetland plants. The submerged cover layer (604) is planted with submerged plants. The reinforcement layer (605) is fixed by wooden stakes or stones. The mixed mudflats (7) are used to purify water quality and provide foraging areas for waterbirds. The mixed mudflats (7) include a dry mudflat layer (701), a wet mudflat layer (702) and a filter wetland layer (703). The dry mudflat layer (701) is planted with drought-resistant plants, the wet mudflat layer (702) is planted with moisture-resistant plants, and the filter wetland layer (703) is used for water purification.

2. The river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil and waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vegetation cover (203) is fixed by geotextile to prevent water erosion and enhance the stability of the riverbank structure.

3. A river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil and waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The floating platform (404) is made of corrosion-resistant polyethylene foam, and the connecting chain (403) is made of corrosion-resistant steel to ensure long-term structural stability.

4. A river habitat creation structure based on the utilization of dredged soil and waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A natural transition zone is provided between the edge wetland layer (603) and the overlying submerged layer (604) to enhance the island's biodiversity and biological habitat.

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