Auxiliary device for 3D printing high-toughness fiber concrete material structural parts

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of concrete structural members, and provides an auxiliary device for 3D printing of high-toughness fiber concrete material structural members, which comprises a bottom inverted arch block, two side curved wall blocks and a top arc-shaped block, two planes on the upper side of the bottom inverted arch block are each provided with a bottom limiting block, the left and right sides of the top arc-shaped block are each provided with a movable cavity, the bottom of the side curved wall block is provided with a first insertion cavity, the lower surface of the side curved wall block is provided with a communication groove in communication with the first insertion cavity, the bottom limiting block is inserted into the first insertion cavity through the communication groove, the bottom limiting block is provided with a locking structure, the movable cavity is provided with a movable top limiting block, the lower side of the top limiting block slides through the lower side plane of the top arc-shaped block, the bottom inverted arch block, the side curved wall block and the top arc-shaped block can be quickly assembled, the installation steps of the concrete structural member are reduced, and the installation efficiency and speed of the concrete structural member are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete structural components technology, and more specifically, to an auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to traditional concrete processes, existing 3D printing technology for concrete offers advantages such as high efficiency and high precision, making it more suitable for the processing and manufacturing of complex concrete structural components. It is widely used in prefabricated tunnel lining structures. For example, 3D printing technology allows for the prefabrication of required concrete structural components in a factory, which are then transported to the tunnel for installation. However, due to considerations such as structural stress and lifting capacity, concrete structural components are generally prefabricated in sections. Currently, most concrete structural components are assembled in tunnels using bolts or other fixing structures to ensure the installation strength between components. This method increases the installation steps, thus reducing the efficiency of concrete structural component installation within the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components includes a bottom arch block, two side curved wall blocks, and a top arc block. The bottom arch block has bottom limiting blocks on both upper planes. The top arc block has movable cavities on both sides. The side curved wall blocks have a first insertion cavity at their bottom and a connecting groove on their lower surface that communicates with the first insertion cavity. The bottom limiting block is inserted into the first insertion cavity through the connecting groove and has a locking structure. A movable top limiting block is located within the movable cavity. The lower side of the top limiting block slides through the lower plane of the top arc block. The side curved wall blocks have a second insertion cavity at their top and an insertion groove on their upper surface that communicates with the second insertion cavity. The lower side of the top limiting block extends into the second insertion cavity through the insertion groove. The second insertion cavity contains a transmission structure for controlling the operation of the locking structure. The lower side of the arc surface of the top arc block has a contraction structure for controlling the contraction of the top limiting block.

[0005] The present invention is further configured such that: a fixed anti-seepage block is provided on the rear surface of the bottom arch block, and a fixed anti-seepage groove adapted to the fixed anti-seepage block is provided on the front surface of the bottom arch block.

[0006] The invention is further configured such that: the locking structure includes two rotating disks, which are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the upper side of the bottom limiting block. Rotating grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the upper side of the bottom limiting block. The rotating disks rotate within the rotating grooves. Two transmission cavities are respectively connected to the two rotating grooves within the bottom limiting block. Worms are rotatably connected to the bottom walls of the transmission cavities. A plurality of worm gear teeth arranged in a circumferential array are provided on the outer surface of the rotating disks. The worm gear teeth extend into the transmission cavities through the rotating grooves and mesh with the worms. The helical teeth on the two worms are arranged in opposite directions. A top plate is provided on the outer surface of the rotating disks. The top plate extends out of the bottom limiting block through the rotating grooves. After the rotating disks rotate approximately ninety degrees, the side of the top plate away from the rotating disks contacts the bottom of the first insertion cavity.

[0007] The invention is further configured such that: the transmission structure includes a third gear, which is rotatably connected to the second insertion cavity; a rack is meshed with the right side of the third gear; a movable plate is provided on the lower side of the rack; a toothed groove extending from the lower surface of the top limiting block facing the third gear is provided; a transmission line is provided on the lower side of the movable plate; the lower end of the transmission line slides through into the first insertion cavity; a directional wheel is rotatably connected to the first insertion cavity; the outer surface of one end of the transmission line in the first insertion cavity rests on the outer surface of the directional wheel; the upper end of the worm rotatably extends through the upper surface of the bottom limiting block; a first gear is sleeved on the upper end of the worm; a sleeve plate is provided on the inner wall of the first insertion cavity; a transmission shaft is rotatably sleeved on the sleeve plate; a second gear meshing with the first gear is provided at the lower end of the transmission shaft; a mounting plate is provided at the lower end of the transmission line; a twisted rod is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate; a twisted groove adapted to the twisted rod is provided on the upper surface of the transmission shaft; a first tension spring movably sleeved on the outer surface of the twisted rod is provided between the upper surfaces of the mounting plate and the sleeve plate.

[0008] The invention is further configured such that: a contraction cavity is provided at the top of the side curved wall block, a limiting plate is provided in the contraction cavity, one side of the limiting plate slides through into the insertion groove, the side of the limiting plate near the insertion groove is an isosceles triangle, an inner plate that slides in the contraction cavity is provided on the side of the limiting plate located in the contraction cavity, a first spring is provided between the inner plate and the inner wall of the contraction cavity and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the limiting plate, a trigger rod is provided in the second insertion cavity with its upper end sliding through into the contraction cavity, the lower side of the trigger rod can contact the upper surface of the movable plate, a first rotating plate is hinged between the upper end of the trigger rod and the inner plate, and a limiting groove adapted to the insertion groove is provided on the side of the top limiting block near the contraction cavity.

[0009] The invention is further configured such that: the shrinking structure includes a lifting plate, which is disposed on the lower side of the arc surface of the top arc block. A lifting groove is formed on the lower surface of the top arc block. The outer surface of the lifting plate is in contact with the inner wall of the lifting groove and slides within the lifting groove. A pushing rod is provided on the upper surface of the lifting plate. A pushing cavity located on the upper side of the lifting groove is formed in the top arc block. The upper end of the pushing rod slides through into the pushing cavity. A second spring is provided between the lifting plate and the top wall of the lifting groove and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the pushing rod. Both the left and right sides of the pushing rod located within the pushing cavity are also provided with transmission lines. Two directional wheels are rotatably connected within the pushing cavity. The transmission line located within the pushing cavity contacts the lower surface of the directional wheels. The other end of the transmission line slides through into the movable cavity. An internal limiting plate is provided at one end of the transmission line located within the movable cavity and slides within the movable cavity. The internal limiting plate is connected to the upper side of the top limiting block. A second tension spring is provided between the internal limiting plate and the bottom wall of the movable cavity and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the top limiting block.

[0010] The invention is further configured such that: a control cavity is provided in the middle section of each of the two side curved wall blocks, and two control cavities are also provided in the top arc-shaped block; a transmission line slides through the control cavity; a movable anti-seepage structure controlled by the transmission line is provided in the control cavity of both the side curved wall block and the top arc-shaped block; the movable anti-seepage structure includes two parallel control rods, both of which are rotatably connected between the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the control cavity; two transmission wheels are sleeved on the outer surface of the two control rods; the section of the transmission line located in the control cavity is S-shaped and is respectively connected to the outer surface of the two transmission wheels; a movable anti-seepage groove is provided on the front of both the side curved wall block and the top arc-shaped block; a receiving groove is provided on the rear surface of both the side curved wall block and the top arc-shaped block; a movable anti-seepage block adapted to the movable anti-seepage groove is slidably connected in the receiving groove; and the outer surface of the movable anti-seepage block... The surface is also in contact with the inner wall of the storage tank. The rear ends of the two control rods rotate and penetrate into the storage tank. Two swing plates are set at the rear ends of the two control rods. Two fixed plates are set on the front inner wall of the storage tank, which are arranged vertically and horizontally. The two swing plates are located between the two fixed plates. A connecting slide rod is set between the two fixed plates. Two connecting sleeves are slidably fitted on the outer surface of the connecting slide rod. Two second rotating plates are hinged between the two connecting sleeves and the movable seepage-proof block. Two horizontal sliding plates are set on the front side of the two connecting sleeves. A movable column is set on the side of the swing plate away from the control rod. A limiting groove is opened on the surface of the horizontal sliding plate facing the movable column. The vertical cross section of the limiting groove is a combination of circle and square. The end of the movable column away from the swing plate extends into the limiting groove. A sliding ball is set at the end of the movable column located in the limiting groove, which slides in the circular groove of the limiting groove.

[0011] The advantages of this invention are: Firstly, this invention can quickly assemble the bottom arch block, the side curved wall block, and the top arc block, reducing the installation steps of concrete structural components and improving the installation efficiency and speed of concrete structural components.

[0012] Secondly, by setting a bottom locking structure, the bottom locking structure between the side curved wall block and the bottom arch block is located inside and not exposed on the outside, reducing the problem of corrosion of the bottom locking structure. At the same time, the bottom locking structure is carried out by worm gear transmission, and the worm gear transmission has a self-locking effect. Therefore, when the top clamping plate is tightened to the bottom of the side curved wall block, there will be no problem of the top clamping plate reversing, further improving the firmness of the side curved wall block and the bottom arch block after installation.

[0013] Thirdly, by setting up a transmission structure, the present invention can automatically control the operation of the locking structure after the top arc-shaped block is installed on the side curved wall block, without the need for manual control, thus reducing the efficiency and speed of assembling the concrete structural component.

[0014] Fourth, after the top limiting block is inserted into the second insertion cavity, the right side of the limiting plate is inserted into the limiting groove to fix the top limiting block, thus avoiding the problem of the top limiting block becoming loose as much as possible and further ensuring the firmness of the connection between the top arc-shaped block and the side curved wall block.

[0015] Fifth, by setting up an active seepage-proof structure, the present invention can automatically control the displacement of the active seepage-proof block after the concrete structural components are assembled and installed. This increases the tightness of the connection between adjacent concrete structural components and the seepage path, further improving the seepage-proof effect of the concrete structural components after installation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view plan of the internal structure of the concrete material structural component of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 6 This is a side view of the active seepage-proof structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the transverse sliding plate of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 4Enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Bottom arch block; 11. Bottom limiting block; 12. First insertion cavity; 13. Rotating groove; 14. Rotating disk; 15. Top clamping plate; 16. Transmission cavity; 17. Worm gear; 18. Worm wheel tooth; 19. First gear; 110. Sleeve plate; 111. Transmission shaft; 112. Second gear; 113. Mounting plate; 114. Twisted rod; 115. First tension spring; 2. Side curved wall block; 21. Second insertion cavity; 22. Insertion slot; 23. Movable plate; 24. Rack; 25. Retraction cavity; 26. Limiting plate; 27. Internal plate; 28. Trigger rod; 29. ​​First rotating plate; 210. First spring; 211. Third gear; 3. Top arc-shaped block; 31. Movable cavity; 32. Top limiting block; 33. Internal limiting plate; 34. Second tension spring; 35. Pushing cavity; 36. Lifting groove; 37. Pushing rod; 38. Second spring; 39. Tooth groove; 310. Limiting groove; 311. Lifting plate 4. Fix the seepage prevention trench; 5. Fix the seepage prevention blocks; 6. Movable seepage prevention structure; 61. Control chamber; 62. Control rod; 63. Transmission wheel; 64. Storage groove; 65. Movable seepage prevention block; 66. Movable seepage prevention groove; 67. Swing plate; 68. Fixed plate; 69. Connecting slide rod; 610. Connecting slide sleeve; 611. Second rotating plate; 612. Movable column; 613. Lateral slide plate; 614. Restricting slide groove; 615. Sliding ball; 7. Driveline; 8. Directional wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Please see Figure 1-8 The present invention provides the following technical solutions: Specifically, it refers to an auxiliary device used for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components, including a bottom inverted arch block 1, two side curved wall blocks 2, and a top arc block 3. The bottom inverted arch block 1, the two side curved wall blocks 2, and the top arc block 3 are all made of high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete and manufactured by 3D printing. The structural components made of high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete have the characteristics of high strength and high toughness. After being prefabricated in the factory, they are sent to the tunnel for assembly. The bottom of the bottom inverted arch block 1 has a slot for easy insertion by a forklift. Therefore, during the assembly process, the bottom inverted arch block 1 is first installed on the ground of the tunnel by a forklift, and expansion bolts are set between the ground and the bottom inverted arch block 1 for fixing. Then, the two side curved wall blocks 2 are installed on the bottom inverted arch block 1 in sequence. Finally, the top arc block 3 is installed on the two side curved wall blocks 2 by a lifting device to complete the assembly of the tunnel lining structure.

[0019] A fixed anti-seepage block 5 is provided on the rear surface of the bottom arch block 1, and a fixed anti-seepage groove 4 adapted to the fixed anti-seepage block 5 is provided on the front surface of the bottom arch block 1. Therefore, when multiple bottom arch blocks 1 are installed on the tunnel ground in sequence, the fixed anti-seepage blocks 5 on two adjacent bottom arch blocks 1 extend into the fixed anti-seepage groove 4, which increases the contact surface between the two bottom arch blocks 1, thereby increasing the anti-seepage path between the two bottom arch blocks 1 and ensuring the anti-seepage effect of the joint between the bottom arch blocks 1.

[0020] Two planes on the upper side of the bottom arch block 1 are provided with bottom locking structures for fixing the side curved wall blocks 2. The bottom locking structures include bottom limiting blocks 11, which are located on the upper plane of the bottom arch block 1. The bottom of the side curved wall blocks 2 has a first insertion cavity 12, and the lower surface of the side curved wall blocks 2 has a communicating groove that communicates with the first insertion cavity 12. When the side curved wall blocks 2 are installed on the bottom arch block 1, the bottom limiting blocks 11 are inserted into the first insertion cavity 12 through the communicating groove. Rotation grooves 13 are provided on both the left and right sides of the upper side of the bottom limiting blocks 11, allowing rotation... A rotating disk 14 is rotatably connected within the groove 13. Two transmission cavities 16, each communicating with one of the two rotating grooves 13, are formed within the bottom limiting block 11. Worms 17 are rotatably connected to the bottom wall of each transmission cavity 16. The outer surface of the rotating disk 14 is provided with a plurality of worm gear teeth 18 arranged in a circumferential array. The worm gear teeth 18 extend through the rotating grooves 13 into the transmission cavities 16 and mesh with the worm gears 17. Simultaneously, the helical teeth on the two worm gears 17 are arranged in opposite directions. Therefore, when the two worm gears 17 rotate in the same direction, they can drive the two rotating disks 14 to rotate in opposite directions. A top-tightening plate 15 is provided on the outer surface of the first insertion cavity 12. The top-tightening plate 15 extends into a bottom limiting block 11 through a rotating groove 13. When the two rotating disks 14 rotate to the left and right sides respectively, the top-tightening plate 15 rotates synchronously with the rotating disks 14. When the rotating disks 14 rotate to nearly ninety degrees, the side of the top-tightening plate 15 away from the rotating disks 14 contacts the bottom of the first insertion cavity 12, thereby applying downward pressure to the bottom of the side curved wall block 2, making the contact surface between the side curved wall block 2 and the bottom arch block 1 fit tightly. When the rotating disks 14 rotate to ninety degrees, the surface of the top-tightening plate 15 contacts the bottom of the first insertion cavity. The bottom wall of 12 is fitted together, thereby completing the fixation between the side curved wall block 2 and the bottom arch block 1. The above structure ensures that the bottom locking structure between the side curved wall block 2 and the bottom arch block 1 is set inside and not exposed on the outside, reducing the problem of corrosion of the bottom locking structure. At the same time, the bottom locking structure is driven by a worm gear, and the worm gear has a self-locking effect. Therefore, when the top clamping plate 15 is tightened to the bottom of the side curved wall block 2, there will be no problem of the top clamping plate 15 reversing, further improving the firmness of the side curved wall block 2 and the bottom arch block 1 after installation.

[0021] Movable cavities 31 are provided on both the left and right sides of the top arc-shaped block 3. A top locking structure is provided in the movable cavity 31. The top locking structure includes a top limiting block 32, which is set in the movable cavity 31. The lower side of the top limiting block 32 slides through the lower plane of the top arc-shaped block 3. A second insertion cavity 21 is provided on the top of the side curved wall block 2. An insertion groove 22 communicating with the second insertion cavity 21 is provided on the upper surface of the side curved wall block 2. The lower side of the top limiting block 32 extends into the second insertion cavity 21 through the insertion groove 22, thereby completing the fixation between the top arc-shaped block 3 and the side curved wall block 2.

[0022] The second insertion cavity 21 is equipped with a transmission structure for controlling the rotation of the worm gear 17. The transmission structure includes a third gear 211, which is rotatably connected to the second insertion cavity 21. A rack 24 is meshed with the right side of the third gear 211. A movable plate 23 is provided on the lower side of the rack 24. A toothed groove 39 extending from the lower surface of the top limiting block 32 facing the third gear 211 is provided. A transmission line 7 is provided on the lower side of the movable plate 23. The lower end of the transmission line 7 slides through the first insertion cavity 12. A directional wheel 8 is rotatably connected to the first insertion cavity 12. The outer surface of one end of the transmission line 7 rests on the outer surface of the directional wheel 8. The upper end of the worm gear 17... The worm gear 17 rotates through the upper surface of the bottom limiting block 11. A first gear 19 is fitted onto the upper end of the worm gear 17. A fitting plate 110 is provided on the inner wall of the first insertion cavity 12. A drive shaft 111 is rotatably fitted onto the fitting plate 110. A second gear 112, meshing with the first gear 19, is provided at the lower end of the drive shaft 111. When the bottom limiting block 11 is inserted into the first insertion cavity 12, the first gear 19 meshes with the second gear 112. A mounting plate 113 is provided at the lower end of the transmission line 7. A twisted rod 114 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate 113. A twisted groove adapted to the twisted rod 114 is formed on the upper surface of the drive shaft 111. The mounting plate 113 and the fitting plate 11... A first tension spring 115 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the twisted rod 114 between the upper surfaces. When the first tension spring 115 is not under tension, it will exert a tension on the mounting plate 113, causing the initial position of the mounting plate 113 to be closer to the sleeve plate 110. Therefore, the initial position of the twisted rod 114 is such that most of it extends into the twisted groove. The transmission line 7 pulls the movable plate 23 to the bottom of the second insertion cavity 21. When the top limiting block 32 extends into the second insertion cavity 21 through the insertion groove 22, the toothed groove 39 on the top limiting block 32 meshes with the third gear 211, driving the third gear 211 to rotate counterclockwise. The synchronous meshing of gear 211 pulls rack 24 upward, and the movable plate 23 moves synchronously with rack 24. Therefore, transmission line 7 pulls mounting plate 113 upward, causing twisted rod 114 to move within twisted groove. Due to the structural characteristics of twisted rod 114, it drives transmission shaft 111 to rotate, thus causing second gear 112 to rotate. At this time, second gear 112 meshes and drives first gear 19 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling worm gear 17 to rotate. With the above structure, the bottom locking structure can be automatically controlled after the top arc block 3 is installed on the side curved wall block 2, without the need for manual control, which reduces the efficiency and speed of the concrete structure assembly.

[0023] A contraction cavity 25 is provided at the top of the side curved wall block 2. A limiting plate 26 is provided inside the contraction cavity 25. One side of the limiting plate 26 slides through into the insertion groove 22. The side of the limiting plate 26 near the insertion groove 22 is an isosceles triangle. An inner plate 27 that slides inside the contraction cavity 25 is provided on the side of the limiting plate 26 located inside the contraction cavity 25. A first spring 210 is provided between the inner plate 27 and the inner wall of the contraction cavity 25 and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the limiting plate 26. When the first spring 210 is not compressed, the first spring 210 will exert pressure on the inner plate 27. The thrust is generated, causing the initial position of the limiting plate 26 to retract into the contraction cavity 25, thus not affecting the insertion of the top limiting block 32. A trigger rod 28, with its upper end sliding through the contraction cavity 25, is provided in the second insertion cavity 21. The lower side of the trigger rod 28 can contact the upper surface of the movable plate 23. A first rotating plate 29 is hinged between the upper end of the trigger rod 28 and the built-in plate 27. The top limiting block 32 has a limiting groove 310 adapted to the insertion groove 22 on the side near the contraction cavity 25. When the top limiting block 32 is inserted into the second insertion cavity 21... When inserted, the movable plate 23 can be moved upward, so that the movable plate 23 can contact the lower end of the trigger rod 28. Since the top limiting block 32 is continuously inserted into the second insertion cavity 21, the movable plate 23 can apply an upward thrust to the trigger rod 28, so that the trigger rod 28 pushes the first rotating plate 29 upward. At this time, the first rotating plate 29 will exert a thrust on the inner plate 27, so that the inner plate 27 moves to one side of the insertion groove 22. At the same time, the limiting plate 26 moves into the insertion groove 22. Since the side of the limiting plate 26 near the insertion groove 22 is an isosceles triangle. Therefore, the sharp end of the limiting plate 26 is first inserted into the limiting groove 310, so that the limiting plate 26 will not restrict the top limiting block 32 at the beginning, allowing the top limiting block 32 to move downward a certain distance. After the bottom of the top limiting block 32 is fully extended into the second insertion cavity 21, the right side of the limiting plate 26 is inserted into the limiting groove 310, thereby completing the fixation of the top limiting block 32, minimizing the problem of the top limiting block 32 becoming loose, and further ensuring the firmness of the connection between the top arc-shaped block 3 and the side curved wall block 2.

[0024] In this invention, since the lower end of the top limiting block 32 extends from the lower surface of the top arc-shaped block 3, and the installation position at the top of the tunnel is generally in contact with the top arc-shaped block 3, the protruding top limiting block 32 will affect the installation of the top arc-shaped block 3. Therefore, a shrinking structure is provided on the lower side of the arc surface of the top arc-shaped block 3. The shrinking structure includes a lifting plate 311, which is located on the lower side of the arc surface of the top arc-shaped block 3. A lifting groove 36 is provided on the lower surface of the top arc-shaped block 3. The outer surface of the lifting plate 311 is in contact with the inner wall of the lifting groove 36 and slides within the lifting groove 36. A pushing rod 37 is provided on the upper surface of the lifting plate 311. A pushing cavity 35 located on the upper side of the lifting groove 36 is provided in the top arc-shaped block 3. The upper end of the pushing rod 37 slides through the pushing cavity 35. A movable sleeve is provided between the lifting plate 311 and the top wall of the lifting groove 36. The second spring 38 on the outer surface of the push rod 37, when the second spring 38 is not affected by the tension, will exert a tension on the lifting plate 311, causing the lifting plate 311 to extend into the lifting groove 36, and its lower surface is flush with the inner arc surface of the top arc block 3. The push rod 37 is also provided with transmission lines 7 on both the left and right sides of the push cavity 35. Two directional wheels 8 are also rotatably connected in the push cavity 35. The transmission line 7 in the push cavity 35 contacts the lower surface of the directional wheel 8. The other end of the transmission line 7 slides through into the movable cavity 31. One end of the transmission line 7 in the movable cavity 31 is provided with an internal limiting plate 33 that slides in the movable cavity 31. The internal limiting plate 33 is connected to the upper side of the top limiting block 32. A second tension spring 34 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the top limiting block 32 between the internal limiting plate 33 and the bottom wall of the movable cavity 31.

[0025] The top of the lifting surface of the existing lifting equipment can be equipped with a docking block adapted to the lifting groove 36. Therefore, when the lifting equipment lifts the top arc-shaped block 3, the docking block on the lifting equipment contacts the lifting plate 311, thereby generating a pushing force on the lifting plate 311, causing the lifting plate 311 to move upward within the lifting groove 36. At the same time, the push rod 37 moves upward and the second spring 38 is stressed and retracts. During the upward movement of the push rod 37, a pulling force is generated on the transmission line 7. Therefore, the transmission line 7 generates a pulling force on the top limiting block 32, causing the top limiting block 32 to retract into the movable cavity 31. When this lifting device lifts the top arc-shaped block 3, the top limiting block 32 can retract into the movable cavity 31. Therefore, when the top arc-shaped block 3 is installed on the side curved wall block 2, the top limiting block 32 will not affect the installation of the top arc-shaped block 3, ensuring the installation efficiency of the top arc-shaped block 3. At the same time, when the lifting device lifts the top arc-shaped block 3, since the connecting block extends into the lifting groove 36, it can restrict the top arc-shaped block 3, minimizing the problem of the top arc-shaped block 3 moving during the lifting process, and also ensuring the accuracy of the top arc-shaped block 3 during the installation process.

[0026] Control chambers 61 are provided in the middle sections of both side curved wall blocks 2, and two control chambers 61 are also provided in the top arc-shaped block 3. The transmission line 7 slides through the control chambers 61. The control chambers 61 on both the side curved wall blocks 2 and the top arc-shaped block 3 are equipped with movable seepage prevention structures 6 controlled by the transmission line 7. Since the movable seepage prevention structures 6 are set up exactly the same, the following description mainly focuses on the movable seepage prevention structure 6 on the side curved wall blocks 2. The movable seepage prevention structure 6 includes two parallel control rods 62. The two control rods 62 are rotatably connected between the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the control chamber 61. Two transmission wheels 63 are sleeved on the outer surface of the two control rods 62. The section of the transmission line 7 located in the control chamber 61 is set in an S-shape and is respectively connected to the outer surface of the two transmission wheels 63. In this way, when the transmission line 7 pulls the structure to move, the transmission line 7 can drive the two transmission wheels 63 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0027] Meanwhile, a friction layer can be provided on the outer surface of the transmission wheel 63 and a section of the outer surface of the transmission line 7 located in the control cavity 61. This increases the friction between the transmission wheel 63 and the transmission line 7, thus minimizing the problem that the transmission line 7 cannot drive the transmission wheel 63 to rotate.

[0028] Movable seepage-proof grooves 66 are provided on the front of both the side curved wall block 2 and the top arc-shaped block 3. Receiving grooves 64 are provided on the rear surfaces of both the side curved wall block 2 and the top arc-shaped block 3. Movable seepage-proof blocks 65, adapted to the movable seepage-proof grooves 66, are slidably connected within the receiving grooves 64. The outer surface of the movable seepage-proof block 65 also fits against the inner wall of the receiving groove 64. The rear ends of both control rods 62 rotate and penetrate into the receiving groove 64. Two swing plates 67 are provided at the rear ends of the two control rods 62. Two vertically parallel fixed plates 68 are provided on the front inner wall of the receiving groove 64, and both swing plates 67 are located... Between the two fixed plates 68, a connecting slide rod 69 is provided. Two connecting sleeves 610 are slidably fitted onto the outer surface of the connecting slide rod 69. Two second rotating plates 611 are hinged between the two connecting sleeves 610 and the movable seepage-proof block 65. Two transverse sliding plates 613 are provided on the front side of the two connecting sleeves 610. A movable column 612 is provided on the side of the swing plate 67 away from the control rod 62. A limiting groove 614 is formed on the surface of the transverse sliding plate 613 facing the movable column 612. The vertical cross-section of the limiting groove 614 is a combination of circular and square shapes. The movable column 612 is located away from the swing plate 68. One end of the movable column 612 extends into the limiting groove 614. A sliding ball 615, which slides within the circular groove of the limiting groove 614, is located at one end of the movable column 612. Therefore, when the two drive wheels 63 rotate in opposite directions, the two control rods 62 rotate synchronously with the two drive wheels 63, thereby driving the two swing plates 67 to rotate. At this time, the movable column 612 will exert a thrust on the transverse sliding plate 613, and the two connecting sleeves 610 will move relative to or in opposite directions on the connecting rod 69. Simultaneously, when the transmission line 7 controls the structural displacement, it can drive the two drive wheels 63 to rotate. The two connecting sleeves 610 are moved 180 degrees, so that the distance between them is either the shortest or the longest. When the two connecting sleeves 610 move relative to each other, the second rotating plate 611 will exert a thrust on the movable seepage-proof block 65, causing the movable seepage-proof block 65 to move out of the receiving groove 64 and into the movable seepage-proof groove 66 of the installed concrete structure. With the above structure, the displacement of the movable seepage-proof block 65 can be automatically controlled after the concrete structure is assembled and installed. This increases the tightness of the connection between adjacent concrete structure components and the seepage path, further improving the seepage prevention effect of the concrete structure after installation.

[0029] In this design, the initial position of the movable anti-seepage block 65 on the top arc-shaped block 3 is to extend out of the top arc-shaped block 3. Therefore, when the transmission line 7 pulls the top limiting block 32 to retract, the movable anti-seepage block 65 also retracts into the storage groove 64.

[0030] The working principle of the auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components provided by this invention is as follows: Step 1: Install the bottom arch block 1 on the ground of the tunnel using a forklift, and set expansion bolts for fixing between the ground and the bottom arch block 1. Then install the two side curved wall blocks 2 on the bottom arch block 1 in sequence. During the installation of the side curved wall blocks 2, the bottom limiting block 11 is inserted into the first insertion cavity 12 through the connecting groove, and the first gear 19 meshes with the second gear 112. The second step is to finally install the top arc-shaped block 3 on the two side curved wall blocks 2 using the lifting equipment. When the lifting equipment lifts the top arc-shaped block 3, the docking block on the lifting equipment contacts the lifting plate 311, so the docking block will push the lifting plate 311, causing the lifting plate 311 to move upward in the lifting groove 36. At the same time, the push rod 37 moves upward and the second spring 38 is stressed and retracts. During the upward movement of the push rod 37, it will exert a pulling force on the transmission line 7. Therefore, the transmission line 7 will exert a pulling force on the top limiting block 32, causing the top limiting block 32 to retract into the movable cavity 31. Third step: After the top arc-shaped block 3 is installed, the lifting device controls the lifting surface to move downward. At this time, the docking block moves out of the lifting groove 36, and the lifting plate 311 moves to the initial position under the push of the second spring 38 (if the lifting plate 311 does not move downward, it means that the installation position of the top arc-shaped block 3 is incorrect, so the position of the top arc-shaped block 3 needs to be adjusted by the lifting device). At this time, the push rod 37 no longer pulls the transmission line 7, so the second tension spring 34 pulls the lower end of the top limiting block 32 to extend into the second insertion cavity 21 through the insertion groove 22. During the insertion process, the toothed groove 39 on the top limiting block 32 meshes with the third gear 211 and drives the third gear 211 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the third gear 211 synchronously meshes and pulls the transmission line 7. As rack 24 moves upward, movable plate 23 moves synchronously with rack 24. Therefore, transmission line 7 pulls mounting plate 113 upward, causing twisted rod 114 to move within twisted groove. Due to the structural characteristics of twisted rod 114, it drives transmission shaft 111 to rotate, thus causing second gear 112 to rotate. At this time, second gear 112 meshes with and drives first gear 19 to rotate, causing worm 17 to rotate synchronously. The helical teeth on the two worms 17 are arranged in opposite directions. Therefore, when the two worms 17 rotate in the same direction, they can drive the two rotating disks 14 to rotate in opposite directions, causing the side of clamping plate 15 away from rotating disk 14 to contact the bottom of first insertion cavity 12, thereby applying downward pressure to the bottom of side curved wall block 2. Fourth step: The movable plate 23 moves upward, so that the movable plate 23 can contact the lower end of the trigger rod 28. Since the top limiting block 32 continues to be inserted into the second insertion cavity 21, the movable plate 23 can apply an upward pushing force to the trigger rod 28, so that the trigger rod 28 pushes the first rotating plate 29 upward. At this time, the first rotating plate 29 will exert a pushing force on the inner plate 27, so that the inner plate 27 moves to one side of the insertion groove 22. At the same time, the limiting plate 26 moves into the insertion groove 22. Since the side of the limiting plate 26 near the insertion groove 22 is an isosceles triangle, the sharp end of the limiting plate 26 is inserted into the limiting groove 310 first. In this way, the limiting plate 26 will not restrict the top limiting block 32 at the beginning, so that the top limiting block 32 can move downward a certain distance. When the bottom of the top limiting block 32 is completely extended into the second insertion cavity 21, the right side of the limiting plate 26 is inserted into the limiting groove 310, thereby completing the fixation of the top limiting block 32. Step 5: When the transmission line 7 pulls the mounting plate 113 upward and the top limiting block 32 pulls the other transmission line 7, the two transmission wheels 63 rotate in opposite directions. The two control rods 62 rotate synchronously with the two transmission wheels 63, thereby driving the two swing plates 67 to rotate. At this time, the movable column 612 will exert a thrust on the transverse sliding plate 613, causing the two connecting sliding sleeves 610 to move in opposite directions. The second rotating plate 611 will exert a thrust on the movable seepage-proof block 65, causing the movable seepage-proof block 65 to move out of the receiving groove 64 and into the movable seepage-proof groove 66 of the installed concrete structure.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components, comprising a bottom arch block (1), two side curved wall blocks (2), and a top arc-shaped block (3), characterized in that: Bottom limiting blocks (11) are provided on both planes on the upper side of the bottom arch block (1). Movable cavities (31) are provided on both the left and right sides of the top arc block (3). A first insertion cavity (12) is provided at the bottom of the side curved wall block (2). A connecting groove communicating with the first insertion cavity (12) is provided on the lower surface of the side curved wall block (2). The bottom limiting block (11) is inserted into the first insertion cavity (12) through the connecting groove. A locking structure is provided on the bottom limiting block (11). A movable top limiting block (32) is provided in the movable cavity (31). The lower side of the limiting block (32) slides through the lower plane of the top arc block (3). The top of the side curved wall block (2) is provided with a second insertion cavity (21). The upper surface of the side curved wall block (2) is provided with an insertion groove (22) that communicates with the second insertion cavity (21). The lower side of the top limiting block (32) extends into the second insertion cavity (21) through the insertion groove (22). The second insertion cavity (21) is provided with a transmission structure that controls the operation of the locking structure. The lower side of the arc surface of the top arc block (3) is provided with a shrinkage structure that controls the shrinkage of the top limiting block (32). The locking structure includes two rotating disks (14), which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the upper side of the bottom limiting block (11). Rotating grooves (13) are provided on both the left and right sides of the upper side of the bottom limiting block (11). The rotating disks (14) rotate within the rotating grooves (13). Two transmission cavities (16) are respectively connected to the two rotating grooves (13) within the bottom limiting block (11). A worm gear (17) is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the transmission cavity (16). The outer surface of the rotating disks (14) is provided with several circular... The worm gear teeth (18) are arranged in a circumferential array. The worm gear teeth (18) extend into the transmission cavity (16) through the rotating groove (13) and mesh with the worm (17). The helical teeth on the two worms (17) are arranged in opposite directions. The outer surface of the rotating disk (14) is provided with a top plate (15). The top plate (15) extends into a bottom limiting block (11) through the rotating groove (13). After the rotating disk (14) rotates ninety degrees, the side of the top plate (15) away from the rotating disk (14) contacts the bottom of the first insertion cavity (12). The transmission structure includes a third gear (211), which is rotatably connected to the second insertion cavity (21). A rack (24) is meshed with the right side of the third gear (211). A movable plate (23) is provided on the lower side of the rack (24). A toothed groove (39) extending from the lower surface of the top limiting block (32) facing the third gear (211) is provided. A transmission line (7) is provided on the lower side of the movable plate (23). The lower end of the transmission line (7) slides through the first insertion cavity (12). A directional wheel (8) is rotatably connected in the first insertion cavity (12). The outer surface of one end of the transmission line (7) is laid on the outer surface of the directional wheel (8). The upper end of the worm (17) rotatably passes through the bottom. On the upper surface of the limiting block (11), the upper end of the worm (17) is fitted with a first gear (19), the inner wall of the first insertion cavity (12) is provided with a sleeve plate (110), the sleeve plate (110) is rotatably fitted with a transmission shaft (111), the lower end of the transmission shaft (111) is provided with a second gear (112) meshing with the first gear (19), the lower end of the transmission line (7) is provided with a mounting plate (113), the lower surface of the mounting plate (113) is rotatably connected with a twist rod (114), the upper surface of the transmission shaft (111) is provided with a twist groove adapted to the twist rod (114), and a first tension spring (115) is movably fitted on the outer surface of the twist rod (114) between the upper surface of the mounting plate (113) and the upper surface of the sleeve plate (110).

2. The auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed anti-seepage block (5) is provided on the rear surface of the bottom arch block (1), and a fixed anti-seepage groove (4) adapted to the fixed anti-seepage block (5) is provided on the front surface of the bottom arch block (1).

3. The auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the side curved wall block (2) is provided with a contraction cavity (25), and a limiting plate (26) is provided inside the contraction cavity (25). One side of the limiting plate (26) slides through into the insertion groove (22). The side of the limiting plate (26) near the insertion groove (22) is an isosceles triangle. An inner plate (27) that slides inside the contraction cavity (25) is provided on the side of the limiting plate (26) located inside the contraction cavity (25). A movable sleeve is provided between the inner plate (27) and the inner wall of the contraction cavity (25). A first spring (210) is provided on the outer surface of the limiting plate (26), and a trigger rod (28) is provided in the second insertion cavity (21) with its upper end sliding through the contraction cavity (25). The lower side of the trigger rod (28) can contact the upper surface of the movable plate (23). A first rotating plate (29) is hinged between the upper end of the trigger rod (28) and the built-in plate (27). A limiting groove (310) that matches the insertion groove (22) is provided on the side of the top limiting block (32) near the contraction cavity (25).

4. The auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shrinking structure includes a lifting plate (311), which is located on the lower side of the arc surface of the top arc block (3). A lifting groove (36) is provided on the lower surface of the top arc block (3). The outer surface of the lifting plate (311) is in contact with the inner wall of the lifting groove (36) and slides within the lifting groove (36). A push rod (37) is provided on the upper surface of the lifting plate (311). A push cavity (35) located on the upper side of the lifting groove (36) is provided in the top arc block (3). The upper end of the push rod (37) slides through the push cavity (35). A second spring (38) is provided between the lifting plate (311) and the top wall of the lifting groove (36) and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the push rod (37). The rod (37) is provided with transmission lines (7) on both the left and right sides of the push cavity (35). Two directional wheels (8) are rotatably connected in the push cavity (35). The transmission line (7) in the push cavity (35) contacts the lower surface of the directional wheel (8). The other end of the transmission line (7) slides through into the movable cavity (31). One end of the transmission line (7) in the movable cavity (31) is provided with an internal limiting plate (33) that slides in the movable cavity (31). The internal limiting plate (33) is connected to the upper side of the top limiting block (32). A second tension spring (34) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the top limiting block (32) between the internal limiting plate (33) and the bottom wall of the movable cavity (31).

5. The auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components according to claim 4, characterized in that: Control chambers (61) are provided in the middle sections of the two side curved wall blocks (2), and two control chambers (61) are also provided in the top arc block (3). The transmission line (7) slides through the control chamber (61). The control chambers (61) on the side curved wall blocks (2) and the top arc block (3) are provided with movable seepage prevention structures (6) controlled by the transmission line (7). The movable seepage prevention structure (6) includes two parallel control rods (62). The two control rods (62) are rotatably connected between the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the control chamber (61). Two transmission wheels (63) are sleeved on the outer surface of the two control rods (62). The section of the transmission line (7) located in the control chamber (61) is bent in an S-shape and is respectively connected to the outer surface of the two transmission wheels (63).

6. The auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front of the side curved wall block (2) and the top arc-shaped block (3) are provided with movable seepage-proof grooves (66), and the rear surfaces of the side curved wall block (2) and the top arc-shaped block (3) are provided with storage grooves (64). A movable seepage-proof block (65) adapted to the movable seepage-proof groove (66) is slidably connected in the storage groove (64). The outer surface of the movable seepage-proof block (65) is also in contact with the inner wall of the storage groove (64). The rear ends of the two control rods (62) are rotated and penetrated into the storage groove (64). Two swing plates (67) are provided at the rear ends of the two control rods (62). Two vertically parallel fixed plates (68) are provided on the front inner wall of the storage groove (64). The two swing plates (67) are located between the two fixed plates (68). A connecting slide rod (69) is provided between the two fixed plates (68). The outer surface of the slide rod (69) is provided with two connecting slide sleeves (610). The two connecting slide sleeves (610) are hinged to the movable seepage-proof block (65) with two second rotating plates (611). The front side of the two connecting slide sleeves (610) is provided with two transverse sliding plates (613). The side of the swing plate (67) away from the control rod (62) is provided with a movable column (612). The surface of the transverse sliding plate (613) facing the movable column (612) is provided with a limiting groove (614). The vertical cross section of the limiting groove (614) is a combination of circle and square. The end of the movable column (612) away from the swing plate (67) extends into the limiting groove (614). The end of the movable column (612) located in the limiting groove (614) is provided with a sliding ball (615) that slides in the circular groove of the limiting groove (614).

7. The auxiliary device for 3D printing high-strength and tough fiber-reinforced concrete structural components according to claim 5, characterized in that: Friction layers are provided on the outer surface of the transmission wheel (63) and on a section of the outer surface of the transmission line (7) located in the control cavity (61).

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